JP2004028208A - Manufacturing method for shell type roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of conventional manufacturing methods of a shell type roller bearing: a method for softening one end part after hardening an outer ring, assembling a roller and a retainer therein, and bending the one end part increases the manhour, leaves a softened part in one part of a finished product, and causes deformation in assembling of a housing, a method for plating a bending part in the hardening for preventing the hardening increases the manhour and the environmental loading, and a method for heat-treating after assembling the roller and the retainer in the outer ring can not remove scale inside the outer ring. <P>SOLUTION: The retainer 4 is assembled into the outer ring 2 formed with a first bent part 5 in one end part, a second bent part 6 is formed by bending the other end, and hardening and cleaning are performed with the outer ring 2 and the retainer 4 integrated together. In the cleaning, cleaning material intrudes inside the outer ring 2 from a roller retaining clearance in the retainer 4 so as to remove the scale. Then, the roller is assembled in the outer ring 2 from the inside the retainer through the roller retaining clearance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shell-type roller bearing that can be manufactured with high precision and high strength, for example, for a shell-type roller bearing used for a transmission of an automobile or a compressor for a car air conditioner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, shell-type bearings such as shell-type roller bearings and shell-type needle bearings are capable of receiving a large load on a portion for supporting a rotating shaft such as a transmission of an automobile or a compressor for a car air conditioner, and have a small volume. It has been adopted taking advantage of the characteristics. As the rolling elements of these bearings, there are "rollers" depending on their outer diameters, and "needles" in which the rollers are formed into needles, but these rolling elements are referred to as "rollers" for convenience of the description below. ]. Therefore, the term “shell-type roller bearing” is used to include a bearing commonly called “shell-type needle bearing” or “shell-type needle bearing”.
[0003]
There are various types of such shell-type roller bearings. For example, as in a shell-type roller bearing 21 shown in FIG. 5, an outer ring 22, a roller 23, and a cage 24 for holding the rollers 23 at equal intervals. Are widely used. The outer ring 22 of the shell-type roller bearing 21 has a first bent portion 25 and a second bent portion 26 at both ends with respect to the center axis direction of the bearing, and the rollers 23 are provided between the bent portions. The cages 24 which are held at equal intervals are arranged, and the rollers 23 are entirely covered with an outer ring 22 to form a shell type structure.
[0004]
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 6, the cage 24 in the illustrated embodiment is provided with belt-shaped roller holding portions 28 at equal intervals between the ring portions 27 on both side ends, and the roller holding portion 28 has an intermediate portion with a radius. It is bent inward in the direction to form a bent portion. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5B, the rollers 23 are arranged in the roller holding gap 29 between the roller holding portions 28, and the rollers 23 are held at equal intervals.
[0005]
When manufacturing such a shell type roller bearing, as an example, it is manufactured by a method shown in FIGS. 7A to 7E in order. In this example of the manufacturing method, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, a first bent portion 25 is formed at one end of an outer ring 22 by using a steel plate material, and the other end is formed by an unbent extension. In the state where the projecting portion 30 is formed, the entire portion is subjected to quenching, carburizing, or the like, and a hardening process is performed by heat treatment to improve durability such as wear resistance of the bearing.
[0006]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, in order to bend the extension portion 30 later to form the second bent portion 26, a partial softening process such as a tempering process is performed on a part of the extension portion 30. So that bending can be easily performed. A cleaning operation such as scale removal is performed during the above process or at an appropriate time after the process. As shown in FIG. 7C, the rollers 23 and the retainers 24 are inserted into the outer race 22 in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. .
[0007]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (d), the extending portion 30 is bent in the direction of the arrow in the figure, thereby forming a second bent portion 26 as shown in FIG. 7 (e). Finished products. At this time, a thin portion 31 is formed inside the outer ring so that a predetermined portion can be easily bent. After that, such a shell-type bearing is press-fitted into a predetermined gap such as a shaft and a housing supporting the shaft by an arbor press or the like, and is pressed and fixed.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the shell-type roller bearing is manufactured by the above-described processes, the second bent portion 26 is formed by performing a heat treatment such as quenching or a hardening treatment such as carburizing on the entire outer ring 22 in particular. Partial softening treatment such as tempering was performed so that the extension portion 30 of the outer race 22 could be easily bent to form the same. The hardness of the two bent portions 26 remains low.
[0009]
Therefore, when this completed shell-type roller bearing is press-fitted between a shaft and a housing that supports the shaft by using a device such as an arbor press, the second bent portion 26 is partially softened. As a result, the portion having low hardness may be deformed, and particularly when the rolling surface of the roller is affected, the function as a bearing may be significantly impaired. Further, equipment for the above-described partial softening treatment is required, which causes an increase in cost.
[0010]
As described above, before the quenching step of FIG. 7A is performed, it is not necessary to perform the partial softening process for easily forming the second bent portion 26 by bending the extending portion 30. It is also conceivable to apply plating to at least the bent portion in advance so as not to be affected by hardening treatment such as quenching or carburizing treatment, and leave this portion as a soft material.
[0011]
However, such a method of plating the bent portion so as not to be affected by the hardening process requires a process of coating with a plating and a process of peeling off the plating after the bending, which is a man-hour. In addition to the increase, there is also a problem that the burden on the facility, such as the treatment of the waste liquid after performing the plating treatment, excluding the influence on the environment increases, and the cost increases accordingly.
[0012]
Further, unlike the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 6, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, the rollers 23 and the retainers 24 for the outer ring 22 are kept in a relatively soft state before the hardening process for the outer ring 22 is performed. It is also conceivable that the second bent portion 26 is formed by bending the extension portion of the second bent portion 26, and after assembling all of the components, quenching and hardening the whole.
[0013]
By adopting such a method, it is possible to prevent an increase in man-hours at the time of manufacturing and to prevent an increase in environmental load such as plating, but rollers and retainers are incorporated inside, and Since the inner ring surface of the outer ring can hardly be treated from the center line side of the bearing, it is difficult to clean the scale generated by heat treatment on the inner surface of the outer ring, leaving scale that cannot be cleaned. Become. As a result, the shell type roller bearing may be damaged at an early stage, and the deformation caused by the heat treatment as described above cannot be corrected.
[0014]
Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to manufacture a high-precision, high-strength shell-type roller bearing, has a small number of steps in its production, is inexpensive, and does not impose a load on the environment. The main object is to provide a method for manufacturing a bearing.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for manufacturing a shell-type roller bearing according to the present invention includes bending portions on both side end portions inward in the center axis direction, and accommodates a roller and a retainer between the bending portions. In the method of manufacturing a shell-type roller bearing, a cage is housed between the two side ends, a hardening treatment is performed on the whole, and then rollers are inserted from the inside of the cage to be held and integrated.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a method for manufacturing a shell type roller bearing according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) to 1 (f) sequentially show the steps of manufacturing a shell type roller bearing according to the present invention. The shell type roller bearing manufactured by the manufacturing steps shown in FIG. 1 is almost the same as that shown in FIG. A bearing having a similar structure and a known structure is shown. Therefore, although the description of the structure of this bearing is omitted here, the shell type roller bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 also shows an example in which a cage having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 is used. 2 and 3 are views showing in detail a part of the manufacturing process shown in FIG.
[0017]
At the time of manufacturing the shell type roller bearing according to the present invention, the outer ring 2 is formed by forming a steel plate to first bend the first bent portion 5 as shown in FIG. The portion is formed as an extended portion 10 without bending. The retainer 4 is inserted into the outer race 2 from the side of the extending portion 10 which is open as shown in FIG. As the cage 4, a cage having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 as described above is used.
[0018]
After the insertion of the retainer 4 into the outer ring 2, the extension portion 10 is bent inward as shown in FIG. 1 (b) to form the second bent portion 6 as shown in FIG. 1 (c). At this time, similarly to the conventional example, by forming the thin portion 11 inside the outer race 2, it is possible to easily bend from a predetermined portion. Due to the formation of the second bent portion 6, the retainer 4 is accommodated in the outer race 2 as a shell, for example, as shown on the left side of FIG.
[0019]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1D, the outer ring 2 and the retainer 4 integrated as described above are subjected to hardening treatment such as quenching or carburizing treatment. Thereafter, the scale and the like generated by the heat treatment such as quenching are washed. At this time, the cleaning material is applied directly to the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 2 from the center axis side of the bearing to the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 2 through the roller holding gap 9 of the cage 4 as shown in FIG. The scale and the like generated in this portion can be removed.
[0020]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (e) and also in FIG. 3, the roller 3 is held parallel to the center axis of the bearing, moved to the inside of the retainer 4, and further from the center axis side of the bearing. It is moved in the radial direction and is brought into contact with and pushed into a roller holding gap 9 formed between the roller holding portions 8 of the holder 4.
[0021]
In this rolling bearing, the width of the roller holding gap 9 of the cage 4 is set to the diameter D of the roller 3 as shown in the roller 3 on the left side in FIG. It is set slightly larger than the small width W. In other words, the minimum width W of the roller holding gap 9 is set to be slightly smaller than the diameter D of the roller 3.
[0022]
The difference between the diameter D of the roller 3 and the minimum width W of the holding gap 9 is as follows: after the roller 3 shown in FIG. The roller 3 is set to such a value that the roller 3 can be passed through the roller holding gap 9 without causing the roller 3 and the roller 3 does not drop from the roller holding gap 9 due to the weight of the roller 3 or slight vibration. Therefore, the degree is set to an appropriate value in consideration of the degree of easiness of deformation of the roller holding part 8 in accordance with the material, thickness, shape, and the like of the hardening treatment performed previously, and the like. Is preferred.
[0023]
By inserting the roller 3 into the roller holding gap 9 as described above, the roller 3 is held in the roller holding gap 9 as shown in the right side of FIG. The insertion work is performed on all the roller holding gaps 9 as shown in FIG. The finished product of the shell-type roller bearing as shown in FIG. 1F manufactured as described above is press-fitted into a gap between a shaft and a housing portion supporting the shaft, for example, in an assembly plant of a car air conditioner. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2D, the shaft 13 is rotatably supported by the shell-type roller bearing 1 with respect to the housing 14.
[0024]
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention can be applied to various types of shell roller bearings, including the shell type needle bearings as described above. For example, as shown in FIG. The inner peripheral end of the first bent portion 5 was curled in a direction parallel to the axis of the bearing to form the first curled portion 15, and similarly, the second bent portion 6 was formed with the second curled portion 16. It can also be applied to things. Even in the case where the end of the outer race 2 is largely curled as a whole, the curling is performed before the hardening treatment of the steel material, so that the work can be easily performed, and the material can be easily broken or cracked at the time of curling. Occurrence can be prevented. In addition, since a hardening process such as quenching can be performed after the curl forming process, these portions can be maintained in a high hardness state and can be incorporated into a housing or the like.
[0025]
The present invention can be further carried out in various modes.For example, when inserting the rollers into the roller holding gap of the cage, the outer diameter of the roller holding gap is adjusted so as not to perform the above-described press-fitting. Even if it is set, it is integrated by the temporary roller temporary holding means for the roller holding gap, and when installing the shell type roller bearing into various devices, after inserting one end into the bearing installation space, the temporary holding The present invention can be applied in another mode by employing means such as removing the means, and can be implemented in other various modes.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the outer ring may be subjected to a hardening process such as quenching after bending the end portion, and the bending process can be performed while the material is soft, so that the outer ring can be easily formed. The bending process can be performed, and the occurrence of cracks in the bent portion of the outer ring can be prevented. Also, there is no increase in the number of steps such as those in which a softening treatment such as tempering is performed so that quenching can be easily performed after the hardening treatment.
[0027]
Further, there is no need to apply plating to a portion to be bent later during the curing process so that the portion is not affected by the curing process. Can be prevented, the burden of plating waste liquid treatment can be avoided, the cause of cost increase can be eliminated, and the environmental load can be reduced. In addition, although the entire hardening process is performed after incorporating rollers and cages into the conventional outer ring, it is difficult to remove the scale caused by heat treatment, and it is also possible to correct when the rollers are deformed by heat treatment. It is possible to solve the problems such as not being possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are sectional views sequentially showing an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a shell type roller bearing according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a sectional view showing a state in which a cage is inserted into an outer ring, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which bent the edge part, (c) is sectional drawing which shows the state which accommodated the retainer in the outer ring, and was assembled, (d) is sectional drawing which shows a hardening process and a washing | cleaning process, (e) is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the rollers are incorporated into the cage, and (f) is a cross-sectional view showing the state of a finished product of the shell type roller bearing.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial cross-sectional views showing a state in which the rollers in the embodiment are incorporated in a holder and a state in which a shell-type roller bearing is used. FIG. (B) is an enlarged sectional view showing a state in which rollers are incorporated in the retainer, and (c) is a partial sectional view showing a state in which all rollers are incorporated in the retainer. FIG. 4D is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state of use of the manufactured shell-type bearing.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the rollers in the embodiment are incorporated into a holding body.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the shell type roller bearing manufactured according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventionally used shell-type roller bearing, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of (b), and (b) is an AA diagram of (a). It is sectional drawing of a part.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a retainer.
7A and 7B are cross-sectional views sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a conventional shell-type roller bearing, in which FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an outer ring is hardened, and FIG. 7B is a partly softened part of the outer ring. FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the roller and the retainer are assembled into the outer ring, FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the end of the outer ring is bent, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a finished product of a shell type roller bearing.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shell type roller bearing 2 Outer ring 3 Roller 4 Cage 5 1st bending part 6 2nd bending part 7 Ring part 8 Roller holding part 9 Roller holding gap 10 Extension part 11 Thin part

Claims (1)

Equipped with a bent part toward the center axis direction inside at both ends,
In a method for manufacturing a shell-type roller bearing for accommodating a roller and a cage between the two bent portions,
A hardening process is applied to the entire housing by storing the cage between the both end portions,
A method of manufacturing a shell-type roller bearing, wherein rollers are inserted from the inside of the cage and held and integrated thereafter.

Images