JP2004026930A - Insoluble azo pigment and colored composition - Google Patents

Insoluble azo pigment and colored composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004026930A
JP2004026930A JP2002182811A JP2002182811A JP2004026930A JP 2004026930 A JP2004026930 A JP 2004026930A JP 2002182811 A JP2002182811 A JP 2002182811A JP 2002182811 A JP2002182811 A JP 2002182811A JP 2004026930 A JP2004026930 A JP 2004026930A
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Prior art keywords
pigment
insoluble azo
resin
azo pigment
pigments
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JP2002182811A
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JP4190218B2 (en
Inventor
Hisao Okamoto
岡本 久男
Naoyuki Sakai
坂井 尚之
Yoshiyuki Zama
座間 義之
Hideyuki Koiso
小礒 英之
Atsushi Nogami
野上 敦
Nakaji Komiyama
小宮山 仲二
Michiei Nakamura
中村 道衛
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Dainichiseika Color and Chemicals Mfg Co Ltd
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Dainichiseika Color and Chemicals Mfg Co Ltd
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  • Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an insoluble azo pigment which can be dispersed in the form of fine particles having particle sizes of about 100 nm in a relatively short time, is stable after dispersed, has high light resistance, and is suitable for colorants such as water-based recording ink, especially inkjet ink and electrophotographic toners. <P>SOLUTION: This insoluble azo pigment is characterized by having an average particle diameter of 30 to 150 nm and having high crystallinity. The colored composition comprises the azo pigment and a dispersion medium. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は微細な粒子径を有し、鮮明性、透明性が高く、高耐光(候)性の不溶性アゾ顔料及び着色組成物に関し、詳しくは、各種の用途、例えば、画像記録用、画像表示用、グラビア・オフセット・フレキソ等のインキ用、塗料用等として有用な顔料、及びそれを使用した着色組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、これまで着色剤として染料が用いられてきた用途に耐光性や耐水性等の面で優れている顔料が、例えば、筆記具用のインク、液晶ディスプレー用のカラーフィルター、インクジェット記録用インクやカラートナー用等の着色剤に多用されるようになってきた。
【0003】
従来、各種顔料のなかで、不溶性アゾ顔料は塗料や印刷インキ等の着色剤として使用されてきた。製品となる不溶性アゾ顔料は、顔料粒子は一般に平均粒子径が5〜10μm程度の、所謂凝集した二次粒子として存在している。これを塗料や印刷インキの着色剤として使用するためには、ボールミル、サンドミル、アトライター、横型連続媒体分散機、ニーダー、あるいは三本ロール等で機械的分散を行い、0.3〜1μmの粒子径になるまで分散して使用されている。特に塗料に開発された顔料は、隠蔽性を目的としており、不透明で鮮明性に欠ける傾向があった。
【0004】
一方、印刷インキ用に開発された顔料は透明性が要求されるため、アゾ顔料の場合、ジアゾ化・カップリング時にカップリング成分を混合して用いる、所謂アクセサリーカップリングを行うことにより、結晶粒子を細かくしている。しかしながら、この方法で得られる顔料は結晶化し難く、分散させると結晶が破壊され易く、耐光(候)性等が劣る問題がある。
【0005】
特に、インクジェット記録用インク、カラートナー用の着色剤は、基本色としてイエロー、マゼンタ、シアン色の顔料が使用されるが、この中で、イエロー色の顔料はマゼンタ色、シアン色の顔料と比較して耐光性の面で大きく劣っている。イエロー色の顔料としては、不溶性アゾ顔が多用されている。黄色の不溶性アゾ顔料は発色性、製造の容易さ、価格の面で優れているが、耐光性の面で縮合アゾ顔料、キノフタロン顔料等よりも劣っており、改良が要望されている。
【0006】
黄色の不溶性アゾ顔料には、通常、ハンザ系モノアゾ顔料、ベンジジン系ジスアゾ顔料及びベンズイミダゾロン系モノアゾあるいはジスアゾ顔料等がある。これらの顔料は、ジアゾ化カップリング反応後、加熱することによって結晶を成長させ、顔料としての耐光性を含めた緒堅牢性を高めるのが一般的である。この場合、顔料粒子は一般に長軸と短軸の長さ比が2以上の針状結晶になり、特にインクジェットインク等の情報記録材料に使用するには、そのままでは不透明で鮮明性が劣り、これを解決するにはメディアを用いた機械的分散が必要である。しかし、機械的分散は、ややもすると分散時間が長くなり、過度の分散状態となり、分散体の保存安定性等が劣る傾向がある。
一方、ジアゾ化カップリング反応後、加熱を控えめにして結晶の成長を抑え、顔料の粒子径をできるだけ小さくすることで、顔料の透明性は増すが、乾燥によって顔料粒子は凝集し易く、凝集したものは再分散が困難となる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の事情から、特に水性記録用インク、とりわけインクジェット用インクでは、比較的短時間で100nm前後の微粒子分散ができ、かつ分散後の安定性がよく、高耐光性の不溶性アゾ顔料の開発が望まれている。
本発明者らは、上記要望に応えるべく検討を重ねた結果、黄色に限られず、平均粒子径が小さく、且つ高結晶性の不溶性アゾ顔料が上記要求を満足させることができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は、以下の本発明によって達成される。即ち、本発明は、平均粒子径が30〜150nmで、高結晶性であることを特徴とする不溶性アゾ顔料及びこのアゾ顔料と分散媒体とからなる着色組成物である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、その平均粒子径が30〜150nmであり、且つ高結晶性であることが特徴である。本発明で高結晶性とは、顔料のCu−Kα線に対するX線回折スペクトルの中の最大もしくはそれに準ずるピークの半値幅(ベースラインからのX線強度の1/2におけるピーク巾(角度))が0.3〜0.7°の範囲に入る、非常にシャープな回折スペクトルを示すことを意味している。このような高結晶性であることが、平均粒子径が非常に小さいにも拘らず本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料が高耐光(候)性を保持する所以である。又、本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、結晶の形状が、結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さの比が1〜1.5と針状でない楕円球状乃至塊状の形状であることも特徴であり、分散媒体への微分散が可能である。
【0010】
以上の如き特徴を有する本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、化学組成は従来公知の不溶性アゾ顔料と同じであり、単一のジアゾ成分と単一のカップリング成分との組み合わせばかりでなく、ジアゾ成分を複数用いたり、カップリング成分を複数用いたりする、所謂アクセサリーカップリングで製造される顔料も含まれる。又、不溶性アゾ顔料としては、その色相が黄色、オレンジ色、赤色を呈するものも含まれる。このような不溶性アゾ顔料としては、例えば、ハンザ系モノアゾ顔料、ベンジジン系ジスアゾ顔料及びベンズイミダゾロン系モノアゾ・ジスアゾ顔料、ナフトールAS系アゾ顔料及びその他のジスアゾ顔料等が挙げられる。
【0011】
上記不溶性アゾ顔料の中で特に本発明の効果が優れているものとしては、例えば、黄色の顔料としては、C.I.ピグメントイエロー(PYと略記する)1、PY−2、PY−3、PY−5、PY−6、PY−12、PY−13、PY−14、PY−17、PY−49、PY−55,PY−63、PY−65、PY−73、PY−74、PY−75、PY−81、PY−83、PY−87、PY−90、PY−97、PY−98、PY−106、PY−111、PY−113、PY−114、PY−116、PY−120、PY−121、PY−124、PY−126、PY−127、PY−136、PY−151、PY−152、PY−154、PY−155、PY−167、PY−170、PY−171、PY−172、PY−174、PY−175、PY−176、PY−180、PY−181、PY−188、PY−194等が挙げられる。オレンジ色、赤色の顔料としては、C.I.ピグメントオレンジ(POと略記する)13、PO−34、C.I.ピグメントレッド(PRと略記する)2、PR−5、PR−7、PR−8、PR−13、PR−95、PR−112、PR−114、PR−146、PR−150、PR−164、PR−170、PR−187等が挙げられる。
【0012】
上記の顔料は、各顔料メーカー等で主に印刷インキ、塗料用として様々な商品名で市販されている顔料である。これらは、通常の不溶性アゾ顔料の製造方法で製造されるものであり、ジアゾ化・カップリング反応により得られた顔料スラリーを80℃〜95℃に加熱することで顔料粒子を成長させる(熟成)。場合によっては、加熱の際に水溶性の有機溶剤、例えば、エチレングリコール、N−メチルピロリドン等を混合させても良い。更に、疎水性の有機溶剤、例えば、キシレン、ジクロロベンゼン等を界面活性剤と共にエマルジョンにし、これを添加して加熱させる方法もある。熟成後、水洗、濾過、乾燥される。
【0013】
このようにして得られる従来の不溶性アゾ顔料は、一般に5〜10μm程度の平均粒子径を有しており、一次粒子が凝集した所謂二次粒子といわれるものである。この比較的粗大な粒子の顔料は下記に示す方法等で0.3μm以下に微細化され、商品の顔料が製造される。その際、それぞれの顔料に適した方法で顔料を微細化させる。以下に幾つかの方法を例示するが、これらの方法に限定されるものではない。
【0014】
(1)乾燥顔料を塩化ナトリウムや硫酸ナトリウムなどの水溶性無機塩、及びエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコールなどの水溶性有機溶剤を適切な割合でニーダーに仕込み、温度をコントロールしながら、一定時間内容物を混練した後、加温した希硫酸水溶液中に投入攪拌し、次いで濾過、水洗を行い水溶性無機塩、水溶性有機溶剤を除去、更に温風で乾燥した後に粉砕して得る、所謂ソルベントソルトミリング法が挙げられる。不溶性モノアゾ顔料の中には、上記溶剤で結晶成長し易いものもあり、上記溶剤を用いないソルトミリングを行うもある。また、ボールミルや振動ミルを用いるドライミリング法もあり、スチールボール、スチールロッド等の粉砕媒体が使用され、必要により無機塩が摩砕助剤として使用される。摩砕助剤としては、上記塩化ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウムの他に硝酸アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
【0015】
この摩砕処理の条件は個々の顔料によってそれぞれ異なるものである。即ち、水溶性無機塩と粗大顔料との倍比(比率)、混練時間、処理温度及び水溶性有機溶剤の量等の最適制御条件を顔料の種類に応じて求め、その条件下で行うことが重要である。
しかし、上記により設定した制御条件下に摩砕処理を行うと、加圧下に内容物に強力な剪断力が作用することから摩擦発熱が大きく、顔料が結晶成長する場合があるため、本発明の顔料を得るためには、冷却方法を工夫して、アゾ顔料のスルホン酸誘導体、特開平11−189732号公報および特開2000−193817公報に記載のアントラキノン系顔料に脂肪族のN置換アルキルアミン残基を導入した顔料誘導体を、母体顔料に対して0.1〜10重量%、好ましくは0.5〜5重量%添加することで、結晶成長を抑制することができる。
【0016】
(2)アゾ顔料独特の方法として、特公昭60−36224号公報や特許第3055673号等に記載のアクセサリーカップリングと呼ばれる方法、即ちジアゾ化可能なある特定の芳香族アミンのジアゾニウム塩とカップリング成分をカップリング反応させる時に、カップリング成分を少なくとも2種用いて微細化顔料を製造する方法が知られている。こうして得られた顔料を乾燥して上記(1)の方法を行う。
【0017】
このようにして得られる本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、顔料の平均粒子径が30〜150nm、好ましくは、40〜110nmの微細な高結晶性で、その結晶子は強固なものであり、色相の鮮明性、冴え、透明性を有し、更に、高耐候(光)性である。この結晶子の高結晶性は、顔料粉末のCu−Kα線に対するX線回折スペクトルの中で、最大もしくはそれに準ずるピークの半値幅が0.3〜0.7°の範囲に入るかどうかで判定できる。更に好ましくは、その顔料の粒子が針状(棒状)でない、比較的塊状(球状)に近い、即ち、その粒子における長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値が1〜1.5のものが分散媒体に微分散させることができるので好ましい。
【0018】
本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、インクジェットインク、フルカラートナー等の画像記録用着色剤、カラーフィルター等の画像表示用着色剤、樹脂等のベヒクルを含むインキや塗料の着色剤、顔料捺染剤として使用することができる。その際、本発明の顔料は、用途に応じて、その用途に通常使用される媒体に分散させた着色組成物として使用される。組成物中では、顔料の一次粒子が単独(ほぐれた)、あるいは凝集した粒子として存在している。組成物中での平均粒子径は、一般に0.2μm以下、好ましくは0.15μm以下になるように調製することが望ましい。
【0019】
分散媒体を例示すると、例えば、画像記録用のインクジェット用インキでは水や水性媒体、即ち、水溶性の溶剤としては、アルコール類(メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等)、多価アルコール類(エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、グリセリン等)、多価アルコールエーテル類(エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等)、アミン類(ジエタノールアミン、エタノールアミン等)、複素環類(N−メチルピロリドン等)、スルホラン等が用いられる。同時に水溶性樹脂として、例えば、アクリル系、アクリル−スチレン系、ポリエステル系、ポリアミド系、ポリウレタン系等の樹脂が単独または混合して用いられる。
【0020】
電子複写機用等の現像剤(画像記録用)では、顔料を融着させる樹脂として、ポリスチレン、スチレン−(メタ)アクリル酸エステル共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂等が種々の添加剤とともに用いられる。又、ディスプレーのカラーフィルター(画像表示用)に使用される分散液は、皮膜形成樹脂を含む有機溶剤と顔料分散剤等からなっている。ここで使用される樹脂としては、感光性環化ゴム系樹脂、感光性フェノール系樹脂、感光性ポリアクリレート系樹脂、感光性ポリアミド系樹脂、感光性ポリイミド系樹脂等、及び不飽和ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエステルアクリレート系樹脂、ポリエポキシアクリレート系樹脂、ポリウレタンアクリレート系樹脂、ポリエーテルアクリレート系樹脂、ポリオールアクリレート系樹脂等が挙げられ、更に反応性希釈剤として各種のモノマーを加えることができる。
【0021】
塗料用の分散体は固体状でもよいし、液状でもよく、液状の場合の媒体としては水、あるいは水−親水性有機溶媒混合物、有機溶媒が使用され、有機溶媒としては脂肪族系、脂環族系、芳香族系炭化水素、ハロゲン化炭化水素系、エステル系、ケトン系、グリコールエーテル系、アルコール系等が使用され、特に限定されるものではない。
又、塗料用ベヒクル、印刷インキ用ワニス、コーティング剤用ベヒクルとしては、各用途に応じて従来公知の油性乃至水性のバインダー材料が使用される。例えば、長油長、中油長、短油長のアルキッド樹脂、フェノール変性、スチレン化アルキッド等の変性アルキッド樹脂、アミノアルキッド樹脂、オイルフリーアルキッド樹脂、焼付用アクリル樹脂、アクリルラッカー樹脂、アクリルポリオール樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ブチル化メラミン樹脂、メチル化メラミン樹脂、尿素−メラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、スチレン樹脂、スチレンアクリル樹脂、スチレン−ジエン共重合体、塩化ビニル系共重合体、酢酸ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル系共重合体、エチレン酢酸ビニル樹脂、ブチラール樹脂、石油樹脂、ロジンエステル、マレイン化ロジンエステル等の変性樹脂、乾性油、ボイル油等である。
【0022】
一般に、微粒子顔料はその表面エネルギーが極端に増大することにより、分散液中で凝集を起こし易くなることはよく知られている。そのために、顔料は、そのものを公知の界面活性剤や顔料誘導体で表面処理する方法、あるいは公知の各種分散剤をベヒクル等の分散媒体中に添加すること等で顔料の凝集を防止し、粘度の増加及び分散安定性を確保することができる。
【0023】
本発明では、必要により、顔料の分散性を向上させるために上記の顔料誘導体に代えて、あるいは顔料誘導体とともに、分散剤を使用することができる。分散剤としては、多くの種類の分散剤が用いられるが、例えば、特公平7−96654号公報や特開平7−207178号公報に記載の脂肪族ヒドロキシカルボン酸残基を有するポリエステル系オリゴマー;オルガノシロキサンポリマー(KP341(信越化学工業社製));(メタ)アクリル酸系(共)重合体;ポリフローNo.75 、No.90 、No.95 (共栄社油脂化学工業社製)、W001(裕商社製)等のカチオン系界面活性剤;ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジラウレート、ポリエチレングリコールジステアレート、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等のノニオン系界面活性剤;W004、W005、W017(裕商社製)等のアニオン系界面活性剤;ソルスパース3000、5000、9000、12000、13240、13940、17000、20000、24000、26000、28000等の各種ソルスパース分散剤(ゼネカ社製);イソーネットS−20(三洋化成社製)等が挙げられる。分散剤の使用量は、特に限定されないが、通常、顔料に対して、0.1〜50重量%、好ましくは0.5〜20重量%である。
【0024】
本発明の顔料を、それが各種用途の分散媒体に分散した着色組成物として使用する場合、分散媒体は各種用途における分散媒体がいずれも使用でき、特に限定されない。又、着色組成物における本発明の顔料の使用割合も、特に限定されず、各用途における使用量と同じである。用途によって異なるが、通常、組成物中の含有割合は、1〜60重量%程度である。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。下記の例において「部」は全て重量部を示す。
【0026】
実施例1
2−メトキシ−4−ニトロアニリンを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2−メトキシアセトアセトアニライドとカップリング及び熟成して得られる乾燥顔料(PY−74)120部、塩化ナトリウム600部及びジエチレングリコール165部を加圧蓋を装着するニーダーに仕込み、均一に湿潤された塊ができるまで予備混練をし、次いで加圧蓋を下げて圧力6Kg/cmで内容物を押さえ込みながら混練摩砕を開始した。内容物温度が40〜45℃になるように冷却温度・冷媒量を管理しながら4時間混練摩砕処理を行った。
【0027】
得られた摩砕物を40℃に加温した300部の2%硫酸水溶液中に投入して1時間攪拌処理を行った後、ろ過、水洗して塩化ナトリウム及びジエチレングリコールを除去し、次いで80℃の熱風乾燥機で24時間乾燥して黄色の顔料粉末を得た。電子顕微鏡写真から求めた顔料の平均粒子径は90nmであった。又、この顔料のCu−Kα線によるX線回折スペクトを図1に、透過型電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示した。電子顕微鏡写真中のスケールは1μmを示す(他の電子顕微鏡写真においても同様である。)。図1のX線回折スペクトルの11.8°のピークから求めた半値幅は0.416°であり、図2から求めた結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は1.3であった。
【0028】
実施例2
2−メトキシ−4−ニトロアニリンを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2−メトキシアセトアセトアニライド及びこれの3%アセトアセト−4−スルファニル酸カリウム塩を加えたものとカップリング及び熟成して得られた乾燥顔料を実施例1と同様ニーダーで処理し、黄色の顔料粉末を得た。そのX線回折スペクトル及び透過型電子顕微鏡写真をそれぞれ図3及び4に示した。顔料の平均粒子径は80nm、11.7°のピークの半値幅は0.424°であった。又、図4から求めた結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は1.2であった。
【0029】
比較例1
2−メトキシ−4−ニトロアニリンを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2−メトキシアセトアセトアニライドとカップリングして得られた顔料スラリーを2つに分け、その一方を90℃まで昇温し、更に90℃で1時間熟成すると黄色の顔料が得られた。これをろ過、水洗し、熱風乾燥機で90℃で24時間乾燥し、黄色の顔料粉末を得た。そのX線回折スペクトル及び透過型電子顕微鏡写真をそれぞれ図5及び6に示した。顔料は針状の結晶粒子であり、結晶粒子の図6から求めた長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は3.2であった。平均粒子径は、長軸が280nm、短軸が90nm、11.7°の半値幅は0.375°であった。
【0030】
比較例2
比較例1で得られたアゾ顔料のスラリーの残り半分を70℃まで昇温し、更に70℃で1時間熟成すると黄色の顔料が得られた。これをろ過、水洗し、熱風乾燥機で70℃で24時間乾燥し、黄色の顔料粉末を得た。そのX線回折スペクトル及び透過型電子顕微鏡写真を図7及び8に示した。顔料は棒状の結晶粒子であり、結晶粒子の図8から求めた長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は1.3であった。平均粒子径は、長軸が65nm、短軸が50nm、11.5°のピークの半値幅は0.863であった。
【0031】
実施例3、4、比較例3、4
上記で得られた実施例1及び2の顔料、比較例1及び2の顔料をそれぞれ用いてインクジェット用インクを作製した。
(1)分散剤溶液の作製
スチレン・メタクリル酸・メタアクリル酸エステル樹脂(酸価97、重量平均分子量3万)100部をブチルセロソルブ50部、ブチルカルビトール50部、水酸化ナトリウム7部、及び水143部と混合し、80℃、5時間で加熱溶解して分散剤溶液を調製した。
【0032】
(2)ミルベースの作製

Figure 2004026930
上記の配合に従って各成分をディゾルバーで2時間攪拌して、ブツがなくなったことを確認した後、シンマルエンタープライゼス社製ダイノミル(1.4リットルECM型)(ジルコニア製ビーズ 径0.65mm)周速14m/sで分散処理を行う。この分散処理は顔料の平均粒子径が120nm程度になるまで行う。50分間で分散を終了した。得られたミルベース中の顔料の平均粒子径をコールター社製粒度測定機(Model N−4)で測定したところ、平均径子径は120nmであった。
同様にして実施例2、比較例1及び2の顔料についてもミルベースを作製した。分散時間と顔料の平均粒子径の関係を表1に示す。
【0033】
Figure 2004026930
【0034】
(3)顔料分散液の作製
得られた実施例1の顔料を用いたミルベース600部に対して、エチレングリコール123部とイオン交換水510部との混合液を加えて良く攪拌して均一にして顔料分散液を調製する。この分散液中の顔料の平均粒子径を上記と同様にして測定したところ122nmであった。
同様にして実施例2、比較例1及び2の顔料についても顔料の分散液を作製する。
次に、これらの分散液に水を加えて顔料含有率3%の水分散液を調整する。この分散液をNo.3バーコーターで市販のインクジェット用グロス紙に塗布する。1日放置後、促進耐光性試験装置「アイスーパーUV耐光性試験機」で照射強度100mW/cm(照射波長365nm)、温度65℃で10時間照射し、試験前後の色差を測定し、その差(ΔE)を求めた。結果を表2に記した。
【0035】
Figure 2004026930
【0036】
表1、2の結果から以下のことが分かる。
本発明顔料の使用により、短時間の分散で微粒子化した顔料分散体が得られ、更に顔料の耐光性も良い。比較例1の顔料は耐光性は良いが、微粒子分散に長時間を要し、場合によっては微粒子化が困難な場合もあった。比較例2の顔料は微粒子分散性は良いが、その分散体の耐光性が不十分である。
【0037】
(4)インクジェット用インクの作製
上記の各顔料分散液に、水とエチレングリコール、グリセリンを、顔料濃度が5%、エチレングリコールが6%、グリセリンが10%となるようにそれぞれ添加した後、5ミクロンメンブランフィルターを用いて濾過をして、インクジェット用インクを得た。このインクをインクカートリッジ(ヒューレットパッカード社製)に充填し、インクが吐出することを確認した後、そのカートリッジのノズル面を乾燥しないようにキャッピングして70℃で1週間放置した後、再度吐出試験をし、さらにインクを取り出して顔料の平均粒子径を測定した。その結果を表3に示した。比較例では顔料粒子径の増大が認められ、いずれも容器底部に顔料の沈降物が付着していた。
【0038】
表3
Figure 2004026930
【0039】
実施例5
4−アミノフタルイミドを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2,4−ジメチルアセトアセトアニライドとカップリングさせる以外は実施例1と同様にニーダー処理して本発明の高結晶性不溶性アゾ顔料PY−167を得た。透過型電子顕微鏡観察の結果、結晶粒子の形状は球状であり、結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は1.2であり、平均粒子径は110nmであった。又、X線回折スペクトル(図9)の26.9°のピークの反値幅は0.390°であった。
上記顔料を用い、実施例3、4と同様にして試験した結果、この顔料は耐光性に優れ、微分散に要する時間も実施例1の顔料とほぼ同じであった。
【0040】
実施例6
4−アミノフタルイミドを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2,4−ジメチルアセトアセトアニライド及びこれの5%アセトアセト−4−スルファニル酸カリウム塩を加えたものとをカップリングする以外は実施例1と同様、ニーダーで処理し、黄色の顔料粉末を得た。透過型電子顕微鏡観察の結果、顔料の形状は球状であり、平均粒子径は95nm、結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は1.2であった。又、X線回折スペクトルの27.4°のピークの半値幅は0.513°であった。
この顔料を用い、実施例3、4と同様にして試験した結果、この顔料は耐光性に優れ、微分散に要する時間も実施例1の顔料とほぼ同じであった。
【0041】
比較例5
4−アミノフタルイミドを常法に従いジアゾ化し、2,4−ジメチルアセトアセトアニライドとカップリングして得られた顔料スラリーを90℃まで昇温し、更に90℃で1時間熟成すると黄色の顔料が得られた。これをろ過、水洗し、熱風乾燥機に入れ90℃で24時間乾燥し、黄色の顔料粉末を得た。透過型電子顕微鏡観察の結果、顔料の形状は針状であり、平均粒子径は180nm、結晶粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値は2.7であった。又、X線回折スペクトルの26.9°のピークの半値幅は0.354°であった。
この顔料を用い、実施例3、4と同様にして試験した結果、この顔料は耐光性は良好であったが、微分散に要する時間も比較例1の顔料とほぼ同じで長かった。
【0042】
実施例7
実施例5で得た黄色顔料30部を、スチレン−メタクリル系共重合樹脂(軟化点110℃、ガラス転移点約56℃、GPC法重量平均分子量約9万)70部と三本ロールにて十分混練し、顔料を分散させた。冷却後粗砕し、黄色顔料を30%の濃度で含有する本発明の高濃度着色組成物を得た。次に、電子写真乾式現像剤を製造するために、このようにして得た粗粉状の本発明の黄色顔料を含む高濃度着色組成物14.7部及びクロム錯塩系負帯電制御剤3部を上記で使用したスチレン−メタクリル系共重合樹脂82.3部と常法に従って混練し、冷却後粗砕した後、ジェットミルで微粉砕し、更に分級して粒子径が5〜30μmの該現像用の黄色樹脂組成物の微粉末を得た。次に、常法に従い流動化剤としてコロイダルシリカを添加し、充分混合し、黄色電子写真乾式現像剤とした。これをキャリアの磁性鉄粉と混合し、負電荷フルカラー現像用電子写真複写機にて単色の複写をした結果、鮮明な黄色画像が得られた。画像は鮮明で冴えた黄色を呈し、耐光性等の諸物性に優れていた。
【0043】
実施例8
実施例7と同様にして実施例6で得た黄色顔料を用いて黄色電子写真乾式現像剤を作製し、評価した。結果は実施例7の場合と同様であった。
【0044】
比較例6
実施例7と同様に比較例5で得た黄色顔料を用いて黄色電子写真乾式現像剤を作製した。
【0045】
実施例7、8及び比較例6で得られた黄色電子写真乾式現像剤をそれぞれオーバーヘッドプロジェクター用のポリエステルシートに複写すると実施例7及び8の複写物は透明な画像を呈し、オーバーヘッドプロジェクタースクリーンに鮮明な黄色の映像を示した。一方、比較例6の複写物は不透明な画像を呈し、オーバーヘッドプロジェクタースクリーンに不鮮明な黄色の映像しか示さなかった。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
本発明の不溶性アゾ顔料は、かなり微粒子化された顔料であるため、水性記録用インク、とりわけインクジェット用インクやカラートナー用の着色剤に使用すると、透明性、鮮明性、冴えを有しながら、高結晶性のため易分散性、高耐光性を有しており、優れた着色組成物を与える。又、オフセットインキ、グラビアインキ等の印刷インキ、塗料、顔料捺染等にも十分使用可能な顔料である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1の顔料のX線回折スペクトルである。
【図2】実施例1の顔料の透過型電子顕微鏡写真である。
【図3】実施例2の顔料のX線回折スペクトルである。
【図4】実施例2の顔料の透過型電子顕微鏡写真である。
【図5】比較例1の顔料のX線回折スペクトルである。
【図6】比較例1の顔料の透過型電子顕微鏡写真である。
【図7】比較例2の顔料のX線回折スペクトルである。
【図8】比較例2の顔料の透過型電子顕微鏡写真である。
【図9】実施例5の顔料のX線回折スペクトルである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an insoluble azo pigment and a coloring composition having a fine particle size, high clarity, high transparency, and high light resistance (weather), and more particularly, to various uses, for example, for image recording and image display. The present invention relates to pigments useful as inks for gravure, offset, flexo, etc., paints and the like, and colored compositions using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, pigments that are excellent in terms of light resistance and water resistance in applications where dyes have been used as colorants in the past, for example, inks for writing instruments, color filters for liquid crystal displays, inks for ink jet recording and color inks It has come to be frequently used as a colorant for toner and the like.
[0003]
Conventionally, among various pigments, insoluble azo pigments have been used as colorants for paints, printing inks and the like. In the insoluble azo pigment used as a product, pigment particles generally exist as so-called aggregated secondary particles having an average particle diameter of about 5 to 10 μm. In order to use this as a colorant for paints and printing inks, mechanical dispersion is carried out using a ball mill, sand mill, attritor, horizontal continuous medium disperser, kneader, or three rolls to obtain particles of 0.3 to 1 μm. It is used by being dispersed until it becomes a diameter. In particular, pigments developed for paints are intended for concealment and tend to be opaque and lack sharpness.
[0004]
On the other hand, since pigments developed for printing inks are required to have transparency, in the case of azo pigments, the so-called accessory coupling is used by mixing and using a coupling component at the time of diazotization / coupling. Is fine. However, the pigments obtained by this method are difficult to crystallize, and when dispersed, the crystals are liable to be broken, resulting in poor light resistance (weather) and the like.
[0005]
In particular, yellow, magenta, and cyan pigments are used as basic colors for ink jet recording inks and color toner colorants. Among them, yellow pigments are compared with magenta and cyan pigments. And is inferior in light resistance. Insoluble azo faces are frequently used as yellow pigments. Yellow insoluble azo pigments are excellent in color development, easiness of production, and price, but are inferior to condensed azo pigments, quinophthalone pigments, etc. in light resistance, and improvement is demanded.
[0006]
The yellow insoluble azo pigments usually include Hansa-based monoazo pigments, benzidine-based disazo pigments, and benzimidazolone-based monoazo or disazo pigments. Generally, these pigments are grown by heating after the diazotization coupling reaction, thereby increasing the fastness including light resistance as a pigment. In this case, the pigment particles generally become acicular crystals having a major axis / minor axis length ratio of 2 or more. In particular, when used as an information recording material such as an inkjet ink, the pigment particles are opaque and have poor sharpness. To solve the problem, mechanical dispersion using media is required. However, the mechanical dispersion tends to have a long dispersion time, an excessively dispersed state, and poor storage stability of the dispersion.
On the other hand, after the diazotization coupling reaction, the transparency of the pigment is increased by restraining the heating to suppress the crystal growth and reducing the particle size of the pigment as much as possible, but the pigment particles are easily aggregated by drying, and are aggregated. Things are difficult to redistribute.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under the circumstances described above, it is desired to develop an insoluble azo pigment which can disperse fine particles of about 100 nm in a relatively short time, has good stability after dispersion, and has high light resistance, especially in an aqueous recording ink, particularly an ink jet ink. It is rare.
The present inventors have conducted various studies to meet the above demand, and as a result, have found that an insoluble azo pigment which is not limited to yellow, has a small average particle diameter, and has high crystallinity can satisfy the above requirements. Was completed.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention relates to an insoluble azo pigment having an average particle diameter of 30 to 150 nm and being highly crystalline, and a coloring composition comprising the azo pigment and a dispersion medium.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The insoluble azo pigment of the present invention is characterized by having an average particle diameter of 30 to 150 nm and high crystallinity. In the present invention, the term “highly crystalline” means that the maximum width or the half width of a peak corresponding to the maximum in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment with respect to the Cu-Kα ray (peak width (angle) at half the X-ray intensity from the base line). Shows a very sharp diffraction spectrum falling within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 °. Such high crystallinity is the reason why the insoluble azo pigment of the present invention maintains high light fastness (weather) even though the average particle diameter is very small. Further, the insoluble azo pigment of the present invention is characterized in that the shape of the crystal is an elliptical spherical or massive shape that is not acicular in a ratio of the length of the major axis to the minor axis of the crystal particle of 1 to 1.5. Yes, and can be finely dispersed in a dispersion medium.
[0010]
The insoluble azo pigment of the present invention having the above characteristics has the same chemical composition as a conventionally known insoluble azo pigment, and includes not only a combination of a single diazo component and a single coupling component, but also a diazo component. Pigments produced by so-called accessory coupling, in which a plurality of coupling components are used or a plurality of coupling components are used, are also included. Insoluble azo pigments include those having a hue of yellow, orange, or red. Examples of such insoluble azo pigments include Hansa-based monoazo pigments, benzidine-based disazo pigments, benzimidazolone-based monoazo / disazo pigments, naphthol AS-based azo pigments, and other disazo pigments.
[0011]
Among the above insoluble azo pigments, those which are particularly excellent in the effects of the present invention include, for example, C.I. I. Pigment Yellow (abbreviated as PY) 1, PY-2, PY-3, PY-5, PY-6, PY-12, PY-13, PY-14, PY-17, PY-49, PY-55, PY-63, PY-65, PY-73, PY-74, PY-75, PY-81, PY-83, PY-87, PY-90, PY-97, PY-98, PY-106, PY- 111, PY-113, PY-114, PY-116, PY-120, PY-121, PY-124, PY-126, PY-127, PY-136, PY-151, PY-152, PY-154, PY-155, PY-167, PY-170, PY-171, PY-172, PY-174, PY-175, PY-176, PY-180, PY-181, PY-188, PY-194, etc. Can be Orange and red pigments include C.I. I. Pigment Orange (abbreviated as PO) 13, PO-34, C.I. I. Pigment Red (abbreviated as PR) 2, PR-5, PR-7, PR-8, PR-13, PR-95, PR-112, PR-114, PR-146, PR-150, PR-164, PR-170, PR-187 and the like.
[0012]
The above-mentioned pigments are pigments which are sold under various trade names mainly for printing inks and paints by pigment manufacturers and the like. These are produced by a usual method for producing an insoluble azo pigment, and pigment particles are grown by heating a pigment slurry obtained by diazotization / coupling reaction to 80 ° C. to 95 ° C. (aging). . In some cases, a water-soluble organic solvent such as ethylene glycol or N-methylpyrrolidone may be mixed during heating. Furthermore, there is a method in which a hydrophobic organic solvent, for example, xylene, dichlorobenzene, or the like is emulsified together with a surfactant, and the resulting emulsion is added and heated. After aging, it is washed with water, filtered and dried.
[0013]
The conventional insoluble azo pigment thus obtained generally has an average particle diameter of about 5 to 10 μm, and is referred to as so-called secondary particles in which primary particles are aggregated. The pigment having relatively large particles is refined to 0.3 μm or less by the method described below or the like to produce a commercial pigment. At that time, the pigment is refined by a method suitable for each pigment. Hereinafter, some methods will be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to these methods.
[0014]
(1) The dry pigment is charged into a kneader with a water-soluble inorganic salt such as sodium chloride or sodium sulfate, and a water-soluble organic solvent such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol at an appropriate ratio, and the content is maintained for a certain period of time while controlling the temperature. After kneading the mixture, the mixture is poured into a heated dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution, stirred, filtered, washed with water to remove the water-soluble inorganic salt and the water-soluble organic solvent, further dried with warm air, and then pulverized to obtain a so-called solvent. Salt milling method is mentioned. Among the insoluble monoazo pigments, there are pigments that are liable to crystal growth with the above-mentioned solvent, and salt milling without using the above-mentioned solvent is performed. There is also a dry milling method using a ball mill or a vibration mill, in which a pulverizing medium such as a steel ball or a steel rod is used, and if necessary, an inorganic salt is used as a grinding aid. Examples of the grinding aid include aluminum nitrate and the like in addition to the above sodium chloride and sodium sulfate.
[0015]
The conditions for this milling treatment are different for each pigment. That is, optimum control conditions such as the double ratio (ratio) of the water-soluble inorganic salt and the coarse pigment, the kneading time, the processing temperature, and the amount of the water-soluble organic solvent are determined according to the type of the pigment, and the conditions can be determined. is important.
However, when the milling treatment is performed under the control conditions set as described above, a strong shearing force acts on the contents under pressure, so that the frictional heating is large, and the pigment may grow in crystal. In order to obtain a pigment, a cooling method is devised to add a sulfonic acid derivative of an azo pigment and an aliphatic N-substituted alkylamine residue to an anthraquinone-based pigment described in JP-A-11-189732 and JP-A-2000-193817. Crystal growth can be suppressed by adding 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, of the pigment derivative into which the group is introduced, based on the base pigment.
[0016]
(2) As a method unique to azo pigments, a method called accessory coupling described in JP-B-60-36224 or Japanese Patent No. 3055673, that is, coupling with a diazonium salt of a specific diazotizable aromatic amine. There is known a method of producing a finely divided pigment by using at least two kinds of coupling components when the components are subjected to a coupling reaction. The pigment thus obtained is dried, and the method (1) is performed.
[0017]
The insoluble azo pigment of the present invention thus obtained is fine and highly crystalline having an average particle diameter of the pigment of 30 to 150 nm, preferably 40 to 110 nm, and its crystallites are strong and have a hue of hue. It has sharpness, clarity, and transparency, and has high weather (light) resistance. The high crystallinity of this crystallite is determined by determining whether or not the half-width of the maximum or a peak corresponding thereto falls in the range of 0.3 to 0.7 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment powder with respect to Cu-Kα radiation. it can. More preferably, the pigment particles are not needle-like (rod-like), but are relatively close to lumps (spheres), that is, the average value of the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the particles is 1 to 1.5. Is preferable because it can be finely dispersed in a dispersion medium.
[0018]
The insoluble azo pigment of the present invention is used as a colorant for image recording such as an inkjet ink or a full-color toner, a colorant for image display such as a color filter, a colorant for an ink or paint containing a vehicle such as a resin, or a pigment printing agent. be able to. At that time, the pigment of the present invention is used as a coloring composition dispersed in a medium usually used for the application depending on the application. In the composition, the primary particles of the pigment are present alone (raised) or as aggregated particles. It is desirable that the average particle size in the composition is adjusted to generally 0.2 μm or less, preferably 0.15 μm or less.
[0019]
Examples of the dispersion medium include, for example, water and an aqueous medium in an inkjet ink for image recording, that is, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.) and polyhydric alcohols (ethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, etc.), polyhydric alcohol ethers (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, etc.), amines (diethanolamine, ethanolamine, etc.), heterocycles (N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.), sulfolane, etc. Is used. At the same time, as the water-soluble resin, for example, an acrylic resin, an acrylic-styrene resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyurethane resin, or the like is used alone or in combination.
[0020]
In a developer (for image recording) for an electronic copying machine or the like, as a resin for fusing the pigment, polystyrene, styrene- (meth) acrylate copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyester, epoxy resin and the like are used. Used with various additives. The dispersion used for the display color filter (for displaying an image) comprises an organic solvent containing a film-forming resin, a pigment dispersant, and the like. As the resin used here, a photosensitive cyclized rubber-based resin, a photosensitive phenol-based resin, a photosensitive polyacrylate-based resin, a photosensitive polyamide-based resin, a photosensitive polyimide-based resin, and an unsaturated polyester-based resin, Examples thereof include a polyester acrylate resin, a polyepoxy acrylate resin, a polyurethane acrylate resin, a polyether acrylate resin, and a polyol acrylate resin, and various monomers can be added as a reactive diluent.
[0021]
The dispersion for the coating material may be solid or liquid. In the case of the liquid, water or a water-hydrophilic organic solvent mixture or an organic solvent is used. As the organic solvent, an aliphatic or alicyclic resin is used. Aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, glycol ethers, alcohols, and the like are used, and are not particularly limited.
As the vehicle for paint, the varnish for printing ink, and the vehicle for coating agent, conventionally known oily or aqueous binder materials are used according to each application. For example, long oil length, medium oil length, short oil length alkyd resin, phenol modified, modified alkyd resin such as styrenated alkyd, amino alkyd resin, oil-free alkyd resin, baking acrylic resin, acrylic lacquer resin, acrylic polyol resin, Polyester resin, epoxy resin, butylated melamine resin, methylated melamine resin, urea-melamine resin, phenol resin, rosin-modified phenol resin, rosin-modified maleic resin, polyurethane resin, styrene resin, styrene acrylic resin, styrene-diene copolymer Coalescence, vinyl chloride copolymer, vinyl acetate resin, vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, butyral resin, petroleum resin, rosin ester, modified resin such as maleated rosin ester, drying oil, boiling oil, etc. is there.
[0022]
In general, it is well known that fine particle pigments are liable to agglomerate in a dispersion when the surface energy is extremely increased. For that purpose, the pigment is prevented from agglomeration of the pigment by a method of surface treatment of the pigment itself with a known surfactant or a pigment derivative, or by adding a known various dispersant to a dispersion medium such as a vehicle, and the viscosity of the pigment is reduced. Increase and dispersion stability can be ensured.
[0023]
In the present invention, a dispersant can be used in place of the above pigment derivative or together with the pigment derivative in order to improve the dispersibility of the pigment, if necessary. As the dispersant, many kinds of dispersants can be used. For example, polyester oligomers having an aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid residue described in JP-B-7-96654 and JP-A-7-207178; Siloxane polymer (KP341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)); (meth) acrylic acid-based (co) polymer; 75, no. 90, no. 95 (manufactured by Kyoeisha Yushi Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and W001 (manufactured by Yushosha); polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene Nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol distearate, and sorbitan fatty acid ester; anionic surfactants such as W004, W005, W017 (manufactured by Yushosha); Solsperse 3000, 5000; Various Solsperse dispersants (manufactured by Zeneca) such as 9000, 12000, 13240, 13940, 17000, 20,000, 24000, 26000, 28000; Yo Kasei Co., Ltd.). The use amount of the dispersant is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight based on the pigment.
[0024]
When the pigment of the present invention is used as a coloring composition in which it is dispersed in a dispersion medium for various uses, any dispersion medium for various uses can be used, and there is no particular limitation. Further, the usage ratio of the pigment of the present invention in the coloring composition is not particularly limited and is the same as the usage amount in each application. Although it depends on the use, the content in the composition is usually about 1 to 60% by weight.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In the following examples, all “parts” indicate parts by weight.
[0026]
Example 1
2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline is diazotized according to a conventional method, and 120 parts of a dry pigment (PY-74) obtained by coupling and aging with 2-methoxyacetoacetoanilide, 600 parts of sodium chloride and 165 parts of diethylene glycol are obtained. Charge into a kneader equipped with a pressure lid, pre-knead until a uniformly wet mass is formed, and then lower the pressure lid to a pressure of 6 kg / cm. 2 Kneading and grinding were started while holding down the contents. The kneading and milling treatment was performed for 4 hours while controlling the cooling temperature and the amount of the refrigerant so that the content temperature was 40 to 45 ° C.
[0027]
The obtained milled material was put into 300 parts of a 2% sulfuric acid aqueous solution heated to 40 ° C., stirred for 1 hour, filtered, washed with water to remove sodium chloride and diethylene glycol, and then heated at 80 ° C. The pigment was dried with a hot air drier for 24 hours to obtain a yellow pigment powder. The average particle size of the pigment determined from the electron micrograph was 90 nm. FIG. 1 shows an X-ray diffraction spectrum of this pigment by Cu-Kα radiation, and FIG. 2 shows a transmission electron micrograph. The scale in the electron micrograph indicates 1 μm (the same applies to other electron micrographs). The full width at half maximum determined from the peak at 11.8 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of FIG. 1 is 0.416 °, and the average value of the length ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the crystal grain determined from FIG. It was 3.
[0028]
Example 2
2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline is diazotized by a conventional method, and dried and obtained by coupling and aging with 2-methoxyacetoacetoanilide and a solution thereof to which 3% potassium acetoaceto-4-sulfanilate is added. The pigment was treated with a kneader in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a yellow pigment powder. The X-ray diffraction spectrum and the transmission electron micrograph are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. The average particle size of the pigment was 80 nm, and the half width of the peak at 11.7 ° was 0.424 °. In addition, the average value of the length ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the crystal grains obtained from FIG. 4 was 1.2.
[0029]
Comparative Example 1
2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline is diazotized according to a conventional method, and a pigment slurry obtained by coupling with 2-methoxyacetoacetanilide is divided into two, and one of them is heated to 90 ° C., and further heated to 90 ° C. Aging at 1 ° C. for 1 hour gave a yellow pigment. This was filtered, washed with water, and dried with a hot air drier at 90 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a yellow pigment powder. The X-ray diffraction spectrum and transmission electron micrograph are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively. The pigment was needle-like crystal particles, and the average value of the length ratio of the major axis and the minor axis of the crystal particles determined from FIG. 6 was 3.2. The average particle diameter was 280 nm on the long axis, 90 nm on the short axis, and the half width at 11.7 ° was 0.375 °.
[0030]
Comparative Example 2
The other half of the slurry of the azo pigment obtained in Comparative Example 1 was heated to 70 ° C. and further aged at 70 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a yellow pigment. This was filtered, washed with water, and dried with a hot air drier at 70 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a yellow pigment powder. The X-ray diffraction spectrum and the transmission electron micrograph are shown in FIGS. The pigment was rod-shaped crystal particles, and the average value of the length ratio of the major axis and the minor axis of the crystal particles obtained from FIG. 8 was 1.3. As for the average particle diameter, the long axis was 65 nm, the short axis was 50 nm, and the half value width of the peak at 11.5 ° was 0.863.
[0031]
Examples 3 and 4, Comparative Examples 3 and 4
Ink jet inks were produced using the pigments of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 obtained above, respectively.
(1) Preparation of dispersant solution
100 parts of a styrene / methacrylic acid / methacrylic acid ester resin (acid value: 97, weight average molecular weight: 30,000) are mixed with 50 parts of butyl cellosolve, 50 parts of butyl carbitol, 7 parts of sodium hydroxide, and 143 parts of water, and are mixed at 80 ° C. The mixture was heated and dissolved for 5 hours to prepare a dispersant solution.
[0032]
(2) Production of mill base
Figure 2004026930
Each component was stirred with a dissolver for 2 hours according to the above-mentioned composition, and after confirming that the lumps had disappeared, a dyno mill (1.4 L ECM type) manufactured by Shinmaru Enterprises Co., Ltd. (bead diameter: 0.65 mm made of zirconia) was used. The dispersion processing is performed at a speed of 14 m / s. This dispersion treatment is performed until the average particle diameter of the pigment becomes about 120 nm. Dispersion was completed in 50 minutes. When the average particle diameter of the pigment in the obtained mill base was measured by a particle size analyzer (Model N-4) manufactured by Coulter Corporation, the average particle diameter was 120 nm.
Similarly, mill bases were prepared for the pigments of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the relationship between the dispersion time and the average particle size of the pigment.
[0033]
Figure 2004026930
[0034]
(3) Preparation of pigment dispersion
A mixed solution of 123 parts of ethylene glycol and 510 parts of ion-exchanged water is added to 600 parts of the mill base using the pigment of Example 1 thus obtained, and the mixture is stirred well to prepare a pigment dispersion. The average particle size of the pigment in the dispersion was measured in the same manner as described above, and was 122 nm.
Similarly, pigment dispersions are prepared for the pigments of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
Next, water is added to these dispersions to prepare aqueous dispersions having a pigment content of 3%. This dispersion was designated as No. It is applied to a commercially available gloss paper for ink jet using a three-bar coater. After standing for one day, the irradiation intensity is 100 mW / cm with the accelerated light resistance tester “I-Super UV light resistance tester”. 2 (Irradiation wavelength: 365 nm) at a temperature of 65 ° C. for 10 hours, a color difference before and after the test was measured, and the difference (ΔE) was obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0035]
Figure 2004026930
[0036]
The following can be seen from the results of Tables 1 and 2.
By using the pigment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a pigment dispersion which is finely divided in a short period of time and has good light resistance. The pigment of Comparative Example 1 has good light fastness, but it takes a long time to disperse fine particles, and in some cases, it is difficult to form fine particles. The pigment of Comparative Example 2 has good fine particle dispersibility, but the light resistance of the dispersion is insufficient.
[0037]
(4) Production of inkjet ink
Water, ethylene glycol, and glycerin were added to each of the above pigment dispersions so that the pigment concentration was 5%, the ethylene glycol was 6%, and the glycerin was 10%, and then filtered using a 5 micron membrane filter. Thus, an inkjet ink was obtained. After filling this ink into an ink cartridge (manufactured by Hewlett-Packard Company), confirming that the ink is ejected, capping the nozzle surface of the cartridge so as not to dry, leaving it at 70 ° C. for one week, and then performing an ejection test again. After that, the ink was taken out, and the average particle diameter of the pigment was measured. Table 3 shows the results. In Comparative Examples, an increase in pigment particle diameter was observed, and in all cases, sediment of the pigment adhered to the bottom of the container.
[0038]
Table 3
Figure 2004026930
[0039]
Example 5
A highly crystalline insoluble azo pigment PY-167 of the present invention is obtained by kneading 4-aminophthalimide in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound is diazotized according to a conventional method and coupled with 2,4-dimethylacetoacetanilide. Was. As a result of observation by a transmission electron microscope, the shape of the crystal particles was spherical, the average value of the length ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the crystal particles was 1.2, and the average particle diameter was 110 nm. The reciprocal value width of the peak at 26.9 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum (FIG. 9) was 0.390 °.
The pigment was tested in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 4 using the above pigment. As a result, the pigment was excellent in light resistance, and the time required for fine dispersion was almost the same as that of Example 1.
[0040]
Example 6
4-aminophthalimide was diazotized according to a conventional method, and the same as in Example 1 except that 2,4-dimethylacetoacetanilide and a mixture thereof with 5% potassium acetoaceto-4-sulfanilate were added. Treatment with a kneader gave a yellow pigment powder. As a result of observation with a transmission electron microscope, the shape of the pigment was spherical, the average particle diameter was 95 nm, and the average value of the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the crystal particles was 1.2. The half-width value of the peak at 27.4 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum was 0.513 °.
Using this pigment, a test was conducted in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 4. As a result, this pigment was excellent in light resistance, and the time required for fine dispersion was almost the same as that in Example 1.
[0041]
Comparative Example 5
4-Aminophthalimide is diazotized according to a conventional method, and the pigment slurry obtained by coupling with 2,4-dimethylacetoacetanilide is heated to 90 ° C. and further aged at 90 ° C. for 1 hour to give a yellow pigment. Obtained. This was filtered, washed with water, placed in a hot air drier and dried at 90 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a yellow pigment powder. As a result of observation by a transmission electron microscope, the shape of the pigment was acicular, the average particle diameter was 180 nm, and the average value of the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the crystal particles was 2.7. The half-value width of the peak at 26.9 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum was 0.354 °.
Using this pigment, a test was conducted in the same manner as in Examples 3 and 4. As a result, this pigment had good light fastness, but the time required for fine dispersion was almost the same as that of the pigment of Comparative Example 1 and was long.
[0042]
Example 7
30 parts of the yellow pigment obtained in Example 5 are sufficiently mixed with 70 parts of a styrene-methacrylic copolymer resin (softening point: 110 ° C., glass transition point: about 56 ° C., weight average molecular weight by the GPC method: about 90,000) using a three-roll mill. The mixture was kneaded and the pigment was dispersed. After cooling, the mixture was crushed to obtain a high-concentration coloring composition of the present invention containing a yellow pigment at a concentration of 30%. Next, in order to produce an electrophotographic dry developer, 14.7 parts of the high-concentration coloring composition containing the yellow pigment of the present invention thus obtained in the form of coarse powder and 3 parts of a chromium complex-based negative charge control agent were obtained. Was kneaded with 82.3 parts of the styrene-methacrylic copolymer resin used in the above manner, cooled, coarsely crushed, finely crushed with a jet mill, further classified, and then classified to a particle size of 5 to 30 μm. A fine powder of a yellow resin composition for use was obtained. Next, colloidal silica was added as a fluidizing agent according to a conventional method and mixed well to obtain a yellow electrophotographic dry developer. This was mixed with the magnetic iron powder of the carrier, and a monochromatic copying was performed by a negative charge full-color developing electrophotographic copying machine. As a result, a clear yellow image was obtained. The image exhibited a clear and clear yellow color and was excellent in various physical properties such as light fastness.
[0043]
Example 8
A yellow electrophotographic dry developer was prepared using the yellow pigment obtained in Example 6 in the same manner as in Example 7, and evaluated. The results were the same as in Example 7.
[0044]
Comparative Example 6
In the same manner as in Example 7, a yellow electrophotographic dry developer was prepared using the yellow pigment obtained in Comparative Example 5.
[0045]
When the yellow electrophotographic dry developing agents obtained in Examples 7 and 8 and Comparative Example 6 were respectively copied onto polyester sheets for an overhead projector, the copies of Examples 7 and 8 showed transparent images and were clearly displayed on the overhead projector screen. Showed a yellow picture. On the other hand, the copy of Comparative Example 6 exhibited an opaque image, and showed only an unclear yellow image on the overhead projector screen.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
Since the insoluble azo pigment of the present invention is a pigment that is considerably finely divided, when used in a water-based recording ink, particularly a colorant for an ink for ink jet or color toner, it has transparency, sharpness, and sharpness. It has high dispersibility and high light resistance due to high crystallinity, and gives an excellent coloring composition. Further, it is a pigment which can be sufficiently used for printing inks such as offset inks and gravure inks, paints, pigment printing, and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment of Example 1.
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of the pigment of Example 1.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment of Example 2.
FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of the pigment of Example 2.
FIG. 5 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment of Comparative Example 1.
FIG. 6 is a transmission electron micrograph of the pigment of Comparative Example 1.
FIG. 7 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment of Comparative Example 2.
FIG. 8 is a transmission electron micrograph of the pigment of Comparative Example 2.
FIG. 9 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the pigment of Example 5.

Claims (5)

平均粒子径が30〜150nmで、高結晶性であることを特徴とする不溶性アゾ顔料。An insoluble azo pigment having an average particle diameter of 30 to 150 nm and being highly crystalline. 高結晶性がX線回折スペクトルで最大もしくはそれに準ずるピークの半値幅が0.3〜0.7°である請求項1に記載の不溶性アゾ顔料。2. The insoluble azo pigment according to claim 1, wherein the high crystallinity has a half-width of a maximum or a peak corresponding to the maximum in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of 0.3 to 0.7 °. 3. 顔料粒子の長軸と短軸の長さ比の平均値が1〜1.5である請求項1又は2に記載の不溶性アゾ顔料。The insoluble azo pigment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average value of the length ratio of the major axis and the minor axis of the pigment particles is 1 to 1.5. 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の不溶性アゾ顔料と分散媒体とからなることを特徴とする着色組成物。A coloring composition comprising the insoluble azo pigment according to claim 1 and a dispersion medium. 画像記録用、画像表示用着色剤、印刷インキ、塗料、又は顔料捺染剤である請求項4に記載の着色組成物。The coloring composition according to claim 4, which is a coloring agent for image recording and image display, a printing ink, a paint, or a pigment printing agent.
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