JP2004024255A - Method for reducing lodging in rice farming - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、イネの栽培での施肥方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
日本晴等の耐倒伏性イネ品種を栽培する場合、合成樹脂等の被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と粒状または液状肥料を用いて、田植え時にイネの生育に必要な肥料の全量を本田に施用することが知られている。また、コシヒカリ等の易倒伏性イネ品種を栽培する場合、植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状または液状肥料を田植え時に本田に施用することも知られている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前者の被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と粒状または液状肥料を全量基肥として施した場合、コシヒカリ等の易倒伏性イネ品種では、しばしばひどい倒伏を招き、その結果、機械収穫ができず、しかも収量も低下した。また、後者の植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状または液状肥料を田植え時に本田に施した場合、イネ品種の倒伏は軽減できものの、その後１〜２回の追肥が必要であり、多くの労力を要した。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような状況下で、本発明者らは、鋭意検討を行った結果、被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状または液状肥料とを苗または籾の近傍に施用することにより、易倒伏性イネ品種の栽培においても倒伏を軽減して、機械収穫を可能とし、かつ追肥の必要性がない全量基肥を可能とする優れた方法を確立することに成功し、本発明を完成した。
すなわち、本発明は、イネの栽培において、被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と、植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状または液状肥料とを、苗または籾の近傍に施用することを特徴とする施肥方法（以下、本発明方法と記す。）を提供するものである。本発明方法により、作業の省力化が可能であり、更に安定多収な収量効果も期待することができる。
【０００５】
以下、さらに詳細に本発明を説明する。
本発明で用いられる「被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料」とは、各種の合成樹脂、パラフィン類、油脂類、硫黄等の被覆資材で肥料成分の表面を被覆した粒状肥料のことで、肥料成分の初期溶出を抑制するタイプのものを意味する。肥料成分は被覆資材を通じて溶出するものであって、水溶性であることが望ましい。
具体的には、たとえば窒素、リン酸、カリウム、珪酸、マグネシウム、カルシウム、マンガン、ホウ素、鉄等のイネが要求する元素をあげることができるが、特に窒素、カリウムが好ましい。肥料成分の原料としては、たとえば、尿素、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸苦土アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ソーダ、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸カリウム、石炭窒素、ホルムアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＵＦ）、アセトアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＣＤＵ）、イソブチルアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＩＢＤＵ）、グアニール尿素（ＧＵ）等の窒素質肥料、過リン酸石炭、重過リン酸石炭、苦土過リン酸、リン酸アンモニウム、苦土リン酸、硫リン安、リン硝安カリウム、塩リン安等のリン酸質肥料、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸カリソーダ、硫酸カリ苦土、重炭酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、硝酸カリウム等のカリウム質肥料、珪酸カルシウム等の珪酸質肥料、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム等のマグネシウム質肥料、生石炭、消石炭、炭酸カルシウム等のカルシウム質肥料、硫酸マンガン、硫酸苦土マンガン、鉱さいマンガン等のマンガン質肥料、ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩等のホウ素質肥料、鉄鋼スラグ等の含鉄肥料等の肥料取締法に定められる普通肥料（複合肥料を含む）をあげることができる。
【０００６】
肥料成分の溶出は、初期には抑制されるが、一定期間経過後に開始し、その後速やかに行なわれる必要がある。ここで「一定期間」とは、地域、地温、品種、作型等の種々の条件によって異なるが、たとえば、イネの生育ステージにおいて田植え後穂首分化期から幼穂形成期頃までの期間、すなわち栄養生殖期間であり、田植え後、約２０〜８０日間程度、もしくは出穂期の約４０〜２５日前程度の期間に相当する。また積算日平均気温においては、約５００〜１５００℃に相当する。一定期間経過後の肥料成分の溶出速度は、被覆資材の種類・量・肥料塩・粒径・温度および土壌中に存在する微生物の活性等の種々の条件により適宜調整することができるが、たとえば、２５℃静置水中で初期２０日間において、全溶出量の約４０％以下、好ましくは約１０％以下の窒素成分の溶出がよい。
そして、肥料成分の溶出は、上記の一定期間経過後、約６０日間（田植え後約８０〜１４０日間に相当）までに、好ましくは約２５日間（田植え後約４５〜１０５日間に相当）までに全溶出量の約８０％以上の窒素成分の溶出がよい。
【０００７】
被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料は、通常の方法に準じて、被覆資材を溶媒に溶解あるいは分散し、この溶液を肥料成分の表面に被覆し、乾燥後、溶媒を除去することによって製造する方法をあげることができる。被覆資材の被覆粒状肥料に対する重量割合、すなわち被覆率としては、たとえば約２重量％〜約２０重量％の範囲があげられる。
さらに具体的には、たとえば、被覆資材としてポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリプタジエン、ポリイソプレン、ポリクロロプレン、ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体、ＥＰＤＭ重合体等のポリオレフィン系樹脂のうち、１種又は２種以上の組成物を用いる場合、該組成物のうち最も融点の高い樹脂のＶＩＣＡＴ軟化点以上に加熱したテトラクロロエチレンなどの塩素化炭化水素類等の溶媒に該組成物を溶解し、この溶液を噴流被覆機、皿型造粒機等の装置を用いて、肥料成分の表面に噴霧することによって被覆し、乾燥後、溶媒を除去することによって、製造中に粒子相互がブロック化することなく被覆粒状肥料を得る方法もあげられる。なお、好ましい組成物としては、ポリエチレンとジエン系重合体等のゴム状重合物とからなるもので、その存在割合は約４５重量％〜約９０重量％：約１０重量％〜約５５重量％の範囲のものをあげることができる。必要に応じて該組成物には、たとえばタルク、炭酸カルシウム、金属酸化物等の無機質粉末、耐候性改良剤、着色剤、結合剤を加えることもできる。
【０００８】
また、肥料成分には、あらかじめ高級脂肪酸アルカリ塩、アルキル硫酸塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキルアリールスルホン酸塩、スルホコハク酸エステル塩等の陰イオン界面活性剤、高級アミンハロゲン酸塩、ハロゲン化アルキルピリジニウム、第４級アンモニウム塩等の陽イオン界面活性剤、ポリエチレングリコール、アルキルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコール、脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸モノグリセリド等の非イオン界面活性剤またはアミノ酸等の両性界面活性剤を含有させておくこともできる。この場合、界面活性剤の量としては、たとえば被覆資材中に含まれるポリオレフィン系樹脂に対し、約０．１重量％〜約３０重量％の範囲をあげられる。
被覆した粒状肥料の施用量としては、窒素成分の有効成分量として、通常約５〜８０００ｇ／ａ、好ましくは約１００〜２０００ｇ／ａをあげることができる。
【０００９】
本発明で用いられる「植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状または液状肥料」とは、たとえば、（Ｅ）−１−（４−クロロフェニル）−４，４−ジメチル−２−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）−１−ペンテン−３−オール、１−（４−クロロフェニル）−４，４−ジメチル−２−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）−１−ペンタン−３−オール、（Ｅ）−１−シクロヘキシル−４，４−ジメチル−２−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）−１−ペンテン−３−オール等のトリアゾール系化合物もしくはその光学異性体またはその塩、４’−クロロ−２’−（α−ヒドロキシベンジル）イソニコチンアニリド等のイソニコチンアニリド系化合物またはその塩などの倒伏軽減効果を有する植物生長調節剤を混合もしくは被覆等の処理によって肥料成分中に含有させた粒状または液状肥料のことを意味する。
該粒状肥料中の植物生長調節剤の含有量（有効成分量として）は、通常約０．００００１〜０．０２重量％である。なお、前記の混合もしくは被覆等の処理方法は、たとえば特開昭５９−５１０１号公報、特開昭６３−１０７８８０号公報等に記載される通常用いられる公知なものでよい。
植物生長調節剤は、前記の混合もしくは被覆等の処理方法、各種の条件等によっても異なるが、通常、有効成分または製剤品の形で用いられる。
【００１０】
肥料成分としては、具体的には、たとえば窒素、リン酸、カリウム、珪酸、マグネシウム、カルシウム、マンガン、ホウ素、鉄等のイネが要求する元素をあげることができるが、特に窒素、カリウムが好ましい。肥料成分の原料としては、たとえば、尿素、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸苦土アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ソーダ、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸カリウム、石炭窒素、ホルムアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＵＦ）、アセトアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＣＤＵ）、イソブチルアルデヒド加工尿素肥料（ＩＢＤＵ）、グアニール尿素（ＧＵ）等の窒素質肥料、過リン酸石炭、重過リン酸石炭、苦土過リン酸、リン酸アンモニウム、苦土リン酸、硫リン安、リン硝安カリウム、塩リン安等のリン酸質肥料、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸カリソーダ、硫酸カリ苦土、重炭酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、硝酸カリウム等のカリウム質肥料、珪酸カルシウム等の珪酸質肥料、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム等のマグネシウム質肥料、生石炭、消石炭、炭酸カルシウム等のカルシウム質肥料、硫酸マンガン、硫酸苦土マンガン、鉱さいマンガン等のマンガン質肥料、ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩等のホウ素質肥料、鉄鋼スラグ等の含鉄肥料等の肥料取締法に定められる普通肥料（複合肥料を含む）をあげることができる。
植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状肥料の施用量は、窒素成分の有効成分量として、通常約５〜８０００ｇ／ａ、好ましくは約１００〜２０００ｇ／ａをあげることができる。
【００１１】
被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状肥料の両者の施用割合は、窒素成分の有効成分量として、たとえば、約８０００００：１〜約１：１をあげることができる。
【００１２】
被覆資材で被覆した粒状肥料と植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状肥料の両者は、苗または籾の近傍に施用されるが、ここで「苗」とは、通常約６葉期までのイネ幼植物を意味し、「近傍」とは、イネ植物から約３０ｃｍ以内、好ましくは約２０ｃｍ以内を意味する。特に局所施用の場合には、約１０ｃｍ以内がより好ましい。上記の両者の肥料は、異なる位置に別々な製剤として施すこともできるし、同時に施すこともできる。施肥の型式は、全面施肥、直下施肥、点施肥または側条施肥等のいずれのものでもよい。
なお、イネの育苗に用いる場合には、本来本田に施用する全量の一部をあらかじめ育苗用土に混和し、これを育苗箱に充填する。そして残りの量は、本田に施用することもできる。
【００１３】
【実施例】
以下に実施例で本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
実施例１
噴流被覆装置の噴流塔内に塔下部から粒径３．５ｍｍの界面活性剤（非イオン系界面活性剤ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェノールエーテル）０．３重量％入り尿素５ｋｇを１００℃の熱風と共に吹き上げ還流状態にさせながら、塔下部より、高圧法ポリエチレン４５重量％とゴム状重合体エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体１０重量％とタルク４５重量％とから成る被覆資材５重量％と溶剤であるテトラクロルエチレン９５重量％との９５℃溶液を０．５ｋｇ／分の供給量で１０分間供給し、乾燥・溶媒除去して、製造中に粒子相互がブロックすることなく被覆粒状肥料（溶出速度：２５℃静置水中での窒素成分の初期２５日間の溶出割合が１０％以下で、かつ８０％溶出期間が田植え後１００日）を製造した。
一方、粒径１〜４ｍｍの粒状肥料（Ｎ−Ｐ２Ｏ５−Ｋ２Ｏ＝６％−２０％−２０％）４０ｋｇを皿型造粒機で回転させながら、（Ｅ）−（Ｓ）−１−（４−クロロフェニル）−４，４−ジメチル−２−（１Ｈ−１，２，４−トリアゾール−１−イル）−１−ペンテン−３−オール／トリエチレングリコール溶液（植物生長調節剤の有効成分量２．０重量％）７２ｇをスプレーすることによって、植物生長調節剤を０．００３６重量％の割合で含有する粒状肥料を製造した。
このようにして製造された被覆粒状肥料と植物生長調節剤を含有する粒状肥料を、重量比１：３（窒素成分の有効成分量として２０：９）の割合で混合し、配合品（以下、本発明配合品と記す。）を得た。これを側条施肥田植機を用いて、２０日間育苗された２．５葉期のイネ幼植物（品種：コシヒカリ）から横３ｃｍ、深さ３ｃｍの位置に１アールあたり５．７ｋｇ（窒素成分と植物生長調節剤の有効成分量として、それぞれ１アールあたり０．８ｋｇと０．１５４ｇ）の割合で側条施用した（本発明区１）。比較として植物生長調節剤を含有しないこと以外は上記と同様の配合品を用いて、上記同様の施用をした（比較区１）。試験は１区１０平米、３反復制で行ない、イネの１平米あたりの籾数と登熟度、精玄米収量、稈長、倒伏程度について調査した。倒伏程度は直立を０、完全倒伏を４とし、傾斜角度を均等に区分することにより評価した。結果を表１に示す。
【００１４】
【表１】
実施例２
溶出速度において、２５℃静置水中での窒素成分の初期４０日間の溶出割合が１０％以下で、かつ８０％溶出期間が田植え後１００日である被覆粒状肥料を用いること以外は実施例１に記載される本発明配合品と同様の配合品を用いて、実施例１と同様に施用した（本発明区２）。比較として植物生長調節剤を含有しないこと以外は上記と同様の配合品を用いて、上記同様の施用をした（比較区２）。結果を表２に示す。
【００１６】
【表２】
参考例１
被覆粒状肥料の代わりに、肥料成分の初期溶出を抑制しない粒状化成肥料を用いること以外は実施例１に記載される本発明配合品と同様の配合品を用いて、実施例１と同様に施用した（比較区３）。さらに、植物生長調節剤を含有しないこと以外は上記と同様の配合品を用いて、上記と同様の施用した（比較区４）。結果を表３に示す。
【００１８】
【表３】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、易倒伏性イネ品種の栽培においても倒伏を軽減して、機械収穫を可能とし、かつ追肥の必要性がない全量基肥を可能とするすぐれた施肥方法を確立した。さらに、安定多収な収量効果も期待することができる。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a fertilization method in rice cultivation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When cultivating lodging resistant rice varieties such as Nipponbare, apply all the fertilizer necessary for rice growth at the time of planting rice using granular fertilizer and granular or liquid fertilizer coated with a covering material such as synthetic resin. It has been known. It is also known that, when cultivating easily lodging rice varieties such as Koshihikari, a granular or liquid fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator is applied to a rice plant when planting rice.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the granular fertilizer and granular or liquid fertilizer coated with the former coating material are applied as a base fertilizer, easily lodging rice varieties such as Koshihikari often cause severe lodging, and as a result, machine harvesting cannot be performed, and Yield also decreased. In addition, when granular or liquid fertilizer containing the latter plant growth regulator is applied to a rice plant at the time of planting rice, lodging of rice varieties can be reduced, but additional fertilization is required once or twice thereafter, and much labor is required. did.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, apply a granular fertilizer coated with a coating material and a granular or liquid fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator to the vicinity of a seedling or paddy. Thereby, in the cultivation of easy-lodging rice varieties, the lodgment was reduced, machine harvesting was possible, and an excellent method of enabling a total basal fertilization without the need for additional fertilizer was successfully established. completed.
That is, the present invention provides a fertilization method characterized in that, in rice cultivation, a granular fertilizer coated with a covering material and a granular or liquid fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator are applied to the vicinity of a seedling or a paddy ( Hereinafter, this is referred to as the method of the present invention). According to the method of the present invention, labor can be saved, and a stable and high yielding effect can be expected.
[0005]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The `` granular fertilizer coated with a coating material '' used in the present invention is a granular fertilizer in which the surface of the fertilizer component is coated with a coating material such as various synthetic resins, paraffins, oils and fats, and sulfur. Means a type that suppresses initial elution. The fertilizer component elutes through the coating material and is preferably water-soluble.
Specific examples include elements required by rice, such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, silicic acid, magnesium, calcium, manganese, boron, and iron, with nitrogen and potassium being particularly preferred. Raw materials for the fertilizer components include, for example, urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, coal nitrogen, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer (UF), acetaldehyde processed Nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea fertilizer (CDU), isobutyraldehyde-processed urea fertilizer (IBDU), and guanine urea (GU), superphosphate coal, heavy superphosphate coal, formic superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, and phosphorous Phosphate fertilizers such as acid, phosphorous ammonium sulfate, potassium phosphate nitrate, phosphorous ammonium salt, etc., potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, silicic acid Silicic fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium sulfate Magnesium fertilizers such as magnesium chloride, raw coal, burnt coal, calcium fertilizers such as calcium carbonate, manganese fertilizers such as manganese sulfate, magnesium manganese sulfate, and manganese slag; boric acid fertilizers such as boric acid and borate; Examples of common fertilizers (including compound fertilizers) specified in the Fertilizer Control Law, such as iron-containing fertilizers such as iron and steel slag, can be given.
[0006]
The elution of the fertilizer component is suppressed at the beginning, but needs to be started after a certain period of time and then promptly thereafter. Here, the “certain period” varies depending on various conditions such as region, soil temperature, cultivar, and cropping type. For example, in the growing stage of rice, the period from the time of rice planting to the time of the head neck differentiation to the time of seedling formation, that is, nutrition It is a reproductive period, which corresponds to a period of about 20 to 80 days after rice planting or about 40 to 25 days before the heading period. In addition, the accumulated daily average temperature corresponds to about 500 to 1500 ° C. The elution rate of the fertilizer component after a certain period of time can be appropriately adjusted according to various conditions such as the type and amount of the coating material, the fertilizer salt, the particle size, the temperature, and the activity of microorganisms present in the soil. It is preferable that about 40% or less, and preferably about 10% or less of the total elution amount of nitrogen components be eluted in standing water at 25 ° C. for the first 20 days.
The fertilizer component is eluted by about 60 days (corresponding to about 80 to 140 days after rice planting), preferably by about 25 days (corresponding to about 45 to 105 days after rice planting) after the elapse of the above-mentioned fixed period. It is desirable to elute about 80% or more of the nitrogen component of the total eluted amount.
[0007]
The granular fertilizer coated with the coating material is manufactured by dissolving or dispersing the coating material in a solvent according to a usual method, coating the solution on the surface of the fertilizer component, drying, and removing the solvent. I can give it. The weight ratio of the coating material to the coated granular fertilizer, that is, the coating ratio, is, for example, in the range of about 2% by weight to about 20% by weight.
More specifically, for example, as a coating material, one or more compositions of polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polychloroprene, butadiene-styrene copolymer, and EPDM polymer When using, the composition is dissolved in a solvent such as chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloroethylene heated above the VICAT softening point of the resin having the highest melting point of the resin, and this solution is sprayed onto a jet coating machine, Using a device such as a granulator, a method of obtaining a coated granular fertilizer by spraying onto the surface of a fertilizer component, drying, and removing the solvent, so that particles do not block each other during production, is also possible. can give. The preferred composition is composed of polyethylene and a rubber-like polymer such as a diene polymer, and the content thereof is about 45% by weight to about 90% by weight: about 10% by weight to about 55% by weight. A range of things can be given. If necessary, the composition may contain an inorganic powder such as talc, calcium carbonate, and a metal oxide, a weather resistance improver, a coloring agent, and a binder.
[0008]
The fertilizer component includes anionic surfactants such as higher fatty acid alkali salts, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, and sulfosuccinate salts, higher amine halides, and alkylpyridinium halides in advance. A cationic surfactant such as a quaternary ammonium salt, a nonionic surfactant such as polyethylene glycol, alkyl ether, polyethylene glycol, fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, or fatty acid monoglyceride, or an amphoteric surfactant such as amino acid. You can keep it. In this case, the amount of the surfactant may be, for example, in the range of about 0.1% by weight to about 30% by weight based on the polyolefin resin contained in the coating material.
The application rate of the coated granular fertilizer is usually about 5 to 8000 g / a, preferably about 100 to 2,000 g / a, as an effective amount of the nitrogen component.
[0009]
The “granular or liquid fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator” used in the present invention includes, for example, (E) -1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,2). 4-triazol-1-yl) -1-penten-3-ol, 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) -1 Triazoles such as -pentan-3-ol and (E) -1-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) -1-penten-3-ol Mixing a plant growth regulator having a lodging-reducing effect, such as a compound or an optical isomer or a salt thereof, such as an isonicotine anilide compound such as 4'-chloro-2 '-(α-hydroxybenzyl) isonicotin anilide or a salt thereof. Also Or a granular or liquid fertilizer contained in a fertilizer component by treatment such as coating.
The content of the plant growth regulator (as an active ingredient) in the granular fertilizer is usually about 0.00001 to 0.02% by weight. The above-mentioned processing method such as mixing or coating may be a commonly used known method described in, for example, JP-A-59-5101 and JP-A-63-107880.
The plant growth regulator is usually used in the form of an active ingredient or a preparation, although it varies depending on the above-mentioned treatment method such as mixing or coating, various conditions, and the like.
[0010]
Specific examples of the fertilizer component include elements required by rice such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, silicic acid, magnesium, calcium, manganese, boron, and iron, and nitrogen and potassium are particularly preferable. Raw materials for the fertilizer components include, for example, urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, coal nitrogen, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer (UF), acetaldehyde processed Nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea fertilizer (CDU), isobutyraldehyde-processed urea fertilizer (IBDU), and guanine urea (GU), superphosphate coal, heavy superphosphate coal, formic superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, and phosphorous Phosphate fertilizers such as acid, phosphorous ammonium sulfate, potassium phosphate nitrate, phosphorous ammonium salt, etc., potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, silicic acid Silicic fertilizers such as calcium, magnesium sulfate Magnesium fertilizers such as magnesium chloride, raw coal, burnt coal, calcium fertilizers such as calcium carbonate, manganese fertilizers such as manganese sulfate, magnesium manganese sulfate, and manganese slag; boric acid fertilizers such as boric acid and borate; Examples of common fertilizers (including compound fertilizers) specified in the Fertilizer Control Law, such as iron-containing fertilizers such as iron and steel slag, can be given.
The application rate of the granular fertilizer containing a plant growth regulator can be usually about 5 to 8000 g / a, preferably about 100 to 2000 g / a, as an effective amount of the nitrogen component.
[0011]
The application ratio of the granular fertilizer coated with the coating material and the granular fertilizer containing the plant growth regulator can be, for example, about 800000: 1 to about 1: 1 as an effective amount of the nitrogen component.
[0012]
Both the granular fertilizer coated with the covering material and the granular fertilizer containing the plant growth regulator are applied in the vicinity of a seedling or paddy, where the “seedling” is usually a rice seedling up to about the 6-leaf stage. And “near” means within about 30 cm, preferably within about 20 cm from a rice plant. In particular, in the case of topical application, it is more preferably within about 10 cm. The two fertilizers mentioned above can be applied as separate preparations at different locations or simultaneously. The type of fertilization may be any of whole-surface fertilization, direct fertilization, point fertilization, lateral fertilization, and the like.
When used for raising rice seedlings, a part of the total amount originally applied to Honda is mixed in advance with the soil for raising seedlings, and this is filled in a seedling raising box. And the remaining amount can be applied to Honda.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
5 kg of urea containing 0.3% by weight of a surfactant (nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether) having a particle size of 3.5 mm was blown into a jet tower of a jet coating apparatus from the lower part of the tower with hot air at 100 ° C. and refluxed. From the lower part of the column, 5% by weight of a coating material comprising 45% by weight of high pressure polyethylene, 10% by weight of a rubbery polymer ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 45% by weight of talc, and tetrachloroethylene 95 as a solvent. A 95 ° C. solution of 0.5% by weight is supplied at a supply rate of 0.5 kg / min for 10 minutes, dried and the solvent is removed, so that the coated granular fertilizer is not blocked during the production (elution rate: allowed to stand at 25 ° C.) The elution ratio of the nitrogen component in water in the initial 25 days was 10% or less, and the 80% elution period was 100 days after rice planting.
On the other hand, while rotating the granular fertilizer (N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O = 6% -20% -20%) 40kg particle size 1~4mm in pan granulator, (E) - (S) -1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) -1-penten-3-ol / triethylene glycol solution (plant growth regulator (The active ingredient amount of 2.0% by weight) was sprayed to produce a granular fertilizer containing the plant growth regulator in a proportion of 0.0036% by weight.
The coated granular fertilizer thus produced and the granular fertilizer containing the plant growth regulator are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 3 (20: 9 as the active ingredient amount of the nitrogen component), and a blended product (hereinafter, referred to as a compounded product). This will be referred to as a blended product of the present invention). Using a side-row fertilizer planting machine, 5.7 kg per 1 areal (3 cm in width and 3 cm in depth) from a 2.5-leaf rice plant (cultivar: Koshihikari) grown for 20 days, Lateral application was carried out at a ratio of 0.8 kg and 0.154 g per are as active ingredients of the plant growth regulator (section 1 of the present invention). As a comparison, the same application as above was performed using the same formulation as above except that no plant growth regulator was contained (Comparative Section 1). The test was carried out in a 10-square-meter zone, 3 repetitions, and the number of paddies per sq. Meter of rice and the ripening degree, the yield of unbrown rice, the length of culm, and the degree of lodging were investigated. The degree of lodging was evaluated by setting the upright to 0 and the complete lodging to 4, and equally dividing the inclination angle. Table 1 shows the results.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Example 2
In the dissolution rate, the dissolution rate of the nitrogen component in the stationary water at 25 ° C. in the initial 40 days was 10% or less, and except that the coated granular fertilizer whose 80% dissolution period was 100 days after planting was used. The same formulation as the described invention was used and applied in the same manner as in Example 1 (Invention section 2). As a comparison, the same application as described above was performed using the same compound as described above except that no plant growth regulator was contained (Comparative Section 2). Table 2 shows the results.
[0016]
[Table 2]
Reference Example 1
In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coated granular fertilizer is replaced with a granular compound fertilizer that does not suppress the initial elution of the fertilizer component, using the same compound as the compound of the present invention described in Example 1, (Comparative plot 3). Further, the same application as described above was performed using the same compound as described above except that the plant growth regulator was not contained (Comparative Section 4). Table 3 shows the results.
[0018]
[Table 3]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, an excellent fertilization method has been established which reduces lodging even in the cultivation of easily lodging rice varieties, enables mechanical harvesting, and enables total basal fertilization without the need for additional fertilization. Furthermore, a stable and high yield effect can be expected.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003163485A JP3695454B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2003-06-09 | Lodging reduction method in rice cultivation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003163485A JP3695454B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2003-06-09 | Lodging reduction method in rice cultivation |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1051994A Division JPH07213128A (en) | 1994-02-01 | 1994-02-01 | Method for saving labor of rice culture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004024255A true JP2004024255A (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| JP3695454B2 JP3695454B2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003163485A Expired - Lifetime JP3695454B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2003-06-09 | Lodging reduction method in rice cultivation |
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| JP (1) | JP3695454B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006050962A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-02-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Rice plant cultivation by whole base application |
| JP2008308432A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Plant growth regulator |
| JP2012522722A (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2012-09-27 | ドンブ ハンノン カンパニー リミテッド | Leaching controlled, naturally degradable coated fertilizer |
| RU2493695C2 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-09-27 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИ риса Россельхозакадемии) | Method of growing rice |
| CN103636339A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-19 | 西南大学 | Corn fertilizing method |
| CN108117451A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-05 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of controlled release bulk blended fertilizer resistant to lodging for Direct-seeding Rice, preparation method and application |
| CN113016533A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for improving lodging resistance of rice stalks by utilizing extensin |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875001B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-02-01 | 辉南县宏科水稻科研中心 | Rice protects tiller and increases fringe high yield fertilizer technology |
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- 2003-06-09 JP JP2003163485A patent/JP3695454B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006050962A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-02-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Rice plant cultivation by whole base application |
| JP2008308432A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-25 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Plant growth regulator |
| JP2012522722A (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2012-09-27 | ドンブ ハンノン カンパニー リミテッド | Leaching controlled, naturally degradable coated fertilizer |
| RU2493695C2 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-09-27 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВНИИ риса Россельхозакадемии) | Method of growing rice |
| CN103636339A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-19 | 西南大学 | Corn fertilizing method |
| CN108117451A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-05 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of controlled release bulk blended fertilizer resistant to lodging for Direct-seeding Rice, preparation method and application |
| CN113016533A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for improving lodging resistance of rice stalks by utilizing extensin |
| CN113016533B (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-02-08 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for improving lodging resistance of rice stalks by utilizing extensin |
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