JP2004003364A - Block for side ditches - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply construct a boundary of hard land in housing land development. <P>SOLUTION: A block 92 for a side ditch whose body is integrated with a retaining wall 20 is used to construct a side ditch in the land boundary, whereby simultaneously with construction of the side ditch, the retaining wall 20 as the land boundary is constructed. Further, a footing part 27 as a foundation extending in the horizontal direction is provided on the lower part of the side wall 16b confronting the retaining wall 20, thereby resisting overturning moment due to a ground load applied to the retaining wall 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to a gutter block.

2. Description of the Related Art A technique is known in which a thin block having a substantially L-shaped cross section is called an L-shaped gutter and arranged at a boundary between a road and another land to form a boundary between the road and a land having different ground heights. It is also known to form a boundary between lands having different ground heights in combination with a boundary block such as a U-shaped gutter. For example, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-22580, a part of a boundary block having a reverse U-shaped cross section is compared with a conventional road drainage construction in which a U-shaped gutter and an L-shaped gutter are vertically stacked and installed on a land boundary. It is described that an inverted L-shaped notch is provided on the side wall and the road is drained in combination with a side wall of a U-shaped gutter.
Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-22580

In residential land or other land for civilian use (private land), it is often used for gardens or fields, etc., simply by embankment of the private side and without much compaction. Furthermore, the level difference between the road and the private land is not so large that a car or a tractor can enter from the road. In addition, a gutter is often constructed at the boundary between the private land and the road for the purpose of preventing water flowing on the road from entering the private land, and furthermore, to clarify the boundary between the road and the private land. Blocks are often set up at boundaries to prevent soil from flowing onto roads. In such places, the above-mentioned L-shaped side grooves are conventionally used in many cases, but since the blocks of the L-shaped side grooves are thin and light, they can move relatively easily when a car or the like gets on. In addition, since the land on the private side is merely an embankment, it is difficult to fix the earth pressure supporting the L-shaped gutter small. Further, the L-shaped side gutter has a small drainage capacity. Even if the drain is drained from the gap between the L-shaped side groove blocks by arranging the U-shaped side groove up and down in order to cover the problem, there is a problem that it is not possible to cope with soil and dust flowing into the U-shaped side groove.

組 み 合 わ せ The combination of the U-shaped gutter and the boundary block is preferable for road drainage because a large drainage amount can be obtained. However, the boundary block is effective for the ground where both the sidewalk and the roadway boundary are solidified with concrete or asphalt, but the boundary block is fixed only to the extent that one side is filled with soil like the boundary of private land. Under the conditions that cannot be performed, the boundary is easily collapsed when the vehicle or the tractor gets on, as in the case of the above-mentioned L-shaped side groove or more easily.

Therefore, in the present invention, such as the boundary between a private land and a road, it can be constructed on the boundary of land on the level of embankment, can maintain the difference in ground and has a high drainage capacity, and further, a vehicle or a tractor can ride on. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing a land boundary where blocks constructed on the boundary do not easily move, and a gutter block suitable for the method.

Furthermore, it is another object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing a land boundary that allows easy entry and is barrier-free, and a gutter block suitable for the method.

For this reason, in the present invention, it is a gutter block having a main body forming a flow path in the longitudinal direction, and at least a part of the upper surface of the main body is an opening, and one of the upper surface of the main body in the longitudinal direction The edge is a retaining wall higher than the other edge across the opening, at least an outer edge of the retaining wall projects from a side wall forming a flow path of the main body, and further, from a lower portion of the main body, opposite to the retaining wall. There is further provided a gutter block having a substantially horizontal base.

One edge in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the main body having the flow path in the longitudinal direction becomes a retaining wall higher than the other edge, and the retaining wall is used to form a concrete gutter block integrally formed with the main body. By burying at the boundary and constructing the land boundary, the ground of the land connected to the retaining wall can be made higher than the ground of the land connected to the other edge.

A gutter block in which one longitudinal edge of the upper surface of a main body having a flow path in the longitudinal direction extends above the upper surface and forms an earth retaining wall integral with the main body, the earth retaining wall is a main body of the gutter block. Because it is integrated with the ground, the retaining wall can be stably held even at a height that can not be supported by earth pressure at the boundary of the land where the earth retaining wall is low and the embankment is like a private land it can. Therefore, it is possible to stably maintain even the boundary of the land buried with a step at which the car can easily get on. In addition, the height of the car is easy enough to get on, and even if the car actually gets on and there is an impact, the retaining wall is integrated with the main body of the gutter block, so that the retaining wall is stable. There is no.

Furthermore, since the opening connected to the flow path is provided near the retaining wall, drainage capacity for rainwater and the like is high, and even if the retaining wall is low, it is possible to prevent the drainage from entering the private area. Therefore, according to the present invention, the ground of the land connected to the retaining wall can be made the same or higher than the retaining wall, and even in a situation where the ground of the land connected to the retaining wall is not so hardly constructed, the difference in the ground can be reduced. Even if the land is not large, the boundary can be maintained stably, and drainage from other land, such as roads, invades private land where the boundary has been constructed with retaining walls. Can also be prevented.

強度 Considering that a car or a tractor can ride on the retaining wall, the retaining wall itself must be strong. Therefore, it is desirable that the retaining wall has a lower height than the width. That is, in the gutter block of the present invention, one edge in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the main body having the flow path having a substantially rectangular cross section is a retaining wall higher than the other edge, and the retaining wall is formed integrally with the main body. A gutter block having an opening in the vicinity of the retaining wall and connected to the flow path, wherein the retaining wall is lower in height than width.

で Since it is a flat earth retaining wall with a low height and is integrated with the gutter block, it can be easily fixed without displacement by simply burying it. For example, considering the riding of a vehicle, it is desirable that the retaining wall has a height of 6 cm or less and a width of 12 cm or less. Particularly when the passage of a vehicle is to be considered, it is more desirable that the height of the retaining wall is 4 cm or less. As described above, the retaining wall itself has a sufficient strength because it is integrated with the gutter block even if it is low and thin, and does not shift even when the vehicle passes. Therefore, a land boundary can be constructed even with an earth retaining wall lower than the height of a conventional boundary block (curbstone), and a boundary that does not hinder walking or traffic, that is, a boundary that is easy to climb can be constructed. Further, unlike a mere boundary block or an L-shaped block, the earth retaining wall of the present invention is provided in a gutter block, and the main body has a drain passage. Therefore, the drainage can be designed to be swallowed from an appropriate position along the retaining wall. Therefore, even if the height of the retaining wall is lower than the conventional boundary block, for example, about 4 cm, it is possible to sufficiently prevent the drainage of the road from flowing into the private area.

In order to further increase the strength of the retaining wall, at least the retaining wall of the upper surface of the main body may be covered with an iron plate. When manufacturing the gutter block, an iron plate can be embedded in the retaining wall portion. In particular, considering that a car rides on the retaining wall, a tensile force or a shearing force may be applied to the retaining wall, and it may be difficult to maintain the strength only with concrete. In such a case, it is effective to reinforce the retaining wall with an iron plate. Furthermore, since the iron plate becomes slippery when it comes to the surface, it is desirable to form a non-slip pattern on the surface of the retaining wall, especially on the surface of the iron plate covering the slope.

も Even if the retaining wall surface is not an iron plate, it is effective to form a non-slip pattern on at least the slope of the retaining wall. Further, it is possible to form a non-slip pattern on the upper surface of the main body, and it is possible to provide a gutter block having excellent uniformity or aesthetic appearance. When a pattern is attached to the retaining wall and the upper surface of the main body, when manufacturing a steel plate durable formwork for manufacturing a gutter block, a pattern is formed at a boundary portion between the slope of the retaining wall and the upper surface of the main body. If so, it will be difficult to completely extrude the pattern. Therefore, it is desirable that the design be made so that the boundary between the slope of the retaining wall and the upper surface of the main body is the joint of the pattern.

Furthermore, considering that vehicles such as automobiles and cultivators ride on the retaining wall, when the wheels of those vehicles hit the retaining wall, a falling moment acts on the retaining wall side. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a substantially horizontal base on the lower side of the main body of the gutter block on the side opposite to the earth retaining wall, and to adopt a gutter block having a shape capable of withstanding the overturning moment.

Further, it is also possible to incline the upper surface of the main body almost uniformly from the other edge toward the one edge to form a retaining wall with the entire upper surface. By adopting such a gutter block, the inclination (gradient) of the retaining wall is reduced, so that the vehicle can easily get on the vehicle and the shock when the vehicle gets on the vehicle can be reduced. In addition, since the shock when the wheel hits the retaining wall is reduced, it is easy to maintain the strength of the retaining wall. Furthermore, since the wall thickness of the retaining wall itself is also increased, it is easy to increase the strength. And, since the retaining wall is not formed on one side of the main body, but the entire upper surface of the main body is the retaining wall, the overturning moment acting when the wheel hits the retaining wall is small, so the side groove is provided. Block can be installed stably.

As described above, in the present invention, the land boundary is constructed using the gutter block having the low retaining wall, and the land boundary is constructed entirely with the low retaining wall. Is possible. Therefore, in the case of residential land development, it is not necessary to consider the location of the entrance of the house, and the land boundary can be constructed without advance design.

Also, in order to make it easier for cars and tractors to climb over the retaining wall and reduce the impact when climbing, it is necessary to use a surface that comes out of the retaining wall, that is, the surface of the retaining wall on the other edge of the main body. It is desirable to consciously design and manufacture the side on which it was made. For example, when compared with the side surface of the opening of the main body in consideration of the removal of the lid and the removal from the mold, it is desirable that the surface of the retaining wall be inclined more gradually than the side surface of the opening. In addition to the effect of preventing chamfering of the corner of the concrete wall by chamfering the upper end on the side facing the other edge of the retaining wall with a width of at least about 10 mm, it is easy to get on, and The effect of reducing the impact of the above is obtained.

In consideration of strength as described above, it is desirable that the earth retaining wall be wider with respect to the height, and the width becomes wider when a certain height is to be secured. Therefore, the gutter block to be constructed at the land boundary can make the width of the retaining wall wider at the opening than the width of the other edge of the opening, and secure the width as the retaining wall and also secure a wide opening area. It is desirable to do so. In such a gutter block, at least the edge of the retaining wall is designed to protrude from the side wall forming the flow path of the main body, so that the thickness of the side wall is reduced to a level required to withstand the earth pressure or the like. be able to. In addition, when the retaining wall and other edges project from the side wall forming the flow path of the main body, when comparing the amount of extension, the retaining wall should be larger than the other edges. Is desirable. With this design, the opening can be designed to be substantially at the center of the flow path.

On the other hand, if the width of the retaining wall is made wider than the width of the other edge, it is possible to design the width of the gutter block to be wider than other gutter blocks having no retaining wall. However, following the gutter block of the present invention buried at the boundary of the land, there are also cases where a gutter block that crosses the road is connected. When the width of the gutter block having the wall is increased, the width is different from that of the other gutter block having no earth retaining wall, and there is a sense of incongruity when these gutter blocks are connected and constructed. On the other hand, it is not preferable to reduce the width of the flow path and make the width of the main body surface the same, because a difference in drainage capacity occurs. Accordingly, the width of the upper surface of the main body of the gutter block of the present invention having the retaining wall is also substantially the same as the width of the other gutter block having no retaining wall and having substantially the same width of the flow path. It is desirable to be able to be buried. Such a side groove block can be provided by making the width of the opening of the side groove block narrower than the openings of the other side groove blocks.

Further, if the width of the opening is simply reduced, the lid receiver may not be located above the side wall forming the flow path of the main body of the gutter block, and the strength of the lid receiver may be insufficient. Therefore, the inner surface of the upper part of the side wall forming the flow path of the gutter block is projected inward to a draft angle of the formwork, for example, about 5 to 8 mm or more, that is, 10 mm or more to support the lid receiver. It is more desirable to protrude inward by about 20 mm or more to support the lid receiver.

Furthermore, if the side of the retaining wall is widened and the upper part of the side wall is thickened so as to support the lid receiver, a portion of the gutter block protruding from the side wall on the side of the retaining wall to the inner surface becomes large, and the retaining wall becomes large. Side weight is significantly increased. Therefore, the balance is poor at the time of carrying or construction. For this reason, it is desirable to arrange the side wall which forms the flow path so that the center of the flow path of the gutter block is eccentric with respect to the center of the flow path of the other gutter block.

The retaining wall can also be provided in a gutter block provided with a flow path having a circular cross section, but the flow path of the main body has a substantially rectangular cross section and is connected to the flow path near the retaining wall. By adopting a gutter block with openings, land boundaries can be constructed with gutters with high drainage capacity. Further, when a detachable concrete lid is placed in such a gutter, the notch of the lid prepared for maintenance or the like is arranged along the retaining wall. Since the water can be drained from the chip, the drainage efficiency can be further improved.

In the case of a rectangular cross section, it is possible to provide a retaining wall on the U-shaped gutter block, but considering that the land on which the retaining wall is to be provided by the retaining wall has a strength equivalent to the embankment. A gutter block having a structural wall at the top of the body is preferred. Further, considering the drainage capacity, it is desirable that there is a sufficiently large opening in the upper part of the main body as described above. Therefore, it is desirable to construct the land boundary using a gutter block in which a part of the upper surface of the main body in the longitudinal direction is open and the other part is a culvert. As such a gutter block, there is a block called a free-gradient gutter in which at least a part of a lower portion of a main body is opened and a bottom surface of the gutter is constructed by in-situ concrete. In this gutter block in which the lower part of the main body is open, the mold for manufacturing is also pulled out from the lower side of the main body, so that the upper part of the side wall forming the flow path can be protruded inward, and the lid It is easy to make the receiving structure. On the other hand, in the case of a U-shaped side groove having an open upper portion, it is difficult to remove the form when the upper side of the side wall is inward, and a special manufacturing method is required, so that the manufacturing cost is increased.

Furthermore, when connecting the gutter blocks, it is necessary to connect them so that they do not leak. On the side end surface of the main body, a groove is formed that runs up and down substantially the center of the side wall that forms the flow path of the main body, and after the side groove blocks are adjacent to each other, the mortar is injected into the groove to prevent slippage and stop. Water is made. However, in the gutter block of the present invention, the retaining wall is formed above the side wall, and the surface of the retaining groove that extends outside the retaining wall has a gentle slope. Therefore, if the groove is extended vertically from the side wall, it will hit the inclined surface of the retaining wall, and the opening for injecting into the groove will be formed on the inclined surface, making it difficult to inject mortar. For this reason, it is desirable to bend the groove from substantially the center of the side wall toward the upper surface of the retaining wall or the upper surface of the main body so that the inlet is formed on a horizontal surface.

As described above, it is possible to simultaneously construct a gutter according to the present invention, and at the same time, construct a retaining wall serving as a boundary of a private land, etc., and perform land development and land readjustment in a short time at low cost. It is suitable for Further, since the retaining wall is formed integrally with the gutter main body, there is no possibility that the retaining wall will be dislodged or collapsed in the subsequent process, and a highly durable retaining wall can be constructed. In addition, it is easy to get in and it can be constructed on land boundaries that are barrier-free.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a gutter block according to the present invention. The gutter block 10 is a concrete block having a main body 11 having a substantially U-shaped cross section and a flow path (water channel or drainage channel) 12 inside. The upper surface 13 of the main body 11 has an open channel 15 having an opening 14 formed at the center, and both sides thereof, that is, both ends, are closed by walls (structural walls) 17 connecting the side walls 16a and 16b of the main body 11 at the upper portion. Culvert 18. One edge 29a of the upper surface 13 along the longitudinal direction L rises higher than the other edge 29b, and serves as the retaining wall 20.

The side groove block 10 of the present example has a width W of 500 mm, a length L of 2 m, a height H of 445 mm, and a flow path 12 having a width C of 300 mm inside the main body 11. . The earth retaining wall 20 is formed integrally with the main body 11, has a width S of about 100 mm, a height h of about 60 mm, and has a surface (slope) that appears outward when buried on the side facing the other edge 29 a. The slope of the surface 22 which functions as the earth retaining member on the opposite side is gentler than the inclination of the surface earth 22 which functions as the earth retaining member. The upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20 is substantially horizontal, and the corner where these surfaces 21, 22 and 23 join is formed into a curved surface. In particular, the radius of curvature of the corner 24 connecting the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 is large.

The gutter block 10 has an opening 19 below the main body 11 and is a type of block called a free slope gutter. After the block 10 is set on level concrete, the bottom surface of the block 10 is inverted. Can be constructed on site with concrete. For this reason, construction of the gutter becomes easy, and a wide flow path is easily secured. Furthermore, since the upper surface 13 is connected by the structural wall 17, it can withstand pressure from the side or from above, and can be used for a wider range of applications than the U-shaped side groove.

In addition, it is easy to clean or inspect the inside of the flow channel 12 from the opening 14 provided on the upper surface 13 and is also suitable for constructing a gutter in a portion along the road where dust and dirt tend to accumulate. ing. The opening 14 can be closed by the lid 30, and drainage such as rainwater can flow into the flow channel 12 through the opening 14 by appropriately forming the lid 30. If the opening 14 is covered with a lid having a large opening ratio such as a grating lid, the drainage efficiency will be extremely high. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a notch 32 whose lower part is inclined inward is formed at an edge 31 of the lid 30, and the notch 32 is arranged along the retaining wall 20. Therefore, when there is a flow of water along the retaining wall 20, the water is discharged to the flow channel 12 through the notch 32. Furthermore, by installing the notch 32 of the lid 30 along the edge 20 a of the retaining wall 20, mud along with rainwater easily flows down to the flow channel 12. In particular, when a vehicle such as a tractor or a car rises on the retaining wall 20, mud or the like easily falls off the wheels and easily accumulates along the retaining wall 20. In such a case, if the notch 32 is arranged along the retaining wall 20, the mud is discharged from the notch 32, so that the upper surface 13 of the gutter can be kept clean and the trouble of cleaning can be saved. it can.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the gutter 1 is constructed by using the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment. A plurality of gutter blocks 10 are buried side by side along the boundary of the land 2, and the gutter 1 is constructed around the land 2. At the same time, the retaining wall 20 of the gutter block 10 forms a boundary 5 between the land 2 and the road 3 which is one step lower than the ground level of the land 2. For example, in the case of residential land development, the residential land (private land) 2 is developed by being buried several cm to 10 cm higher than the road 3. The main purpose is to prevent the drainage that flows on the road 3 from entering the private land 2 when it rains, and if the vehicle is about 10 cm, the car will not interfere with the private land 2 from the road 3. Because you can enter without.

Conventionally, in many cases, a thin L-shaped concrete plate called an L-shaped gutter is disposed at the boundary between the private land 2 and the road 3, and a rising edge forms a land boundary. Was. However, if the period has elapsed in the L-shaped gutter or if the vehicle has been running frequently, the L-shaped gutter is shifted and the boundary of the private land 2 is broken. In other words, the interior of the private land 2 is not only compacted like the road 3 but is merely buried in the land, but the state of the buried material changes after a lapse of time, and peels off from the L-shaped gutter or pushes the L-shaped gutter. Sometimes. Further, if the vehicle rides on the L-shaped groove or is arranged so that the L-shaped groove is pushed by a tire on a curve, the L-shaped groove often moves due to the pressure or the like. Further, the L-shaped side gutter is plate-shaped and can collect only a small amount of drainage in a plane, and furthermore, drainage mainly flows on the side groove, so that drainage efficiency is not high. Therefore, drainage may overflow to the private land 2 side. It is also possible to construct a land boundary in combination with a U-shaped gutter. However, since it is necessary to construct in combination with two types of gutter blocks, it takes much time and costs.

On the other hand, in the gutter 1 constructed by the gutter block 10 of this example, the boundary 5 between the private land 2 and the road 3 is formed by the earth retaining wall 20 formed integrally with the main body 11 of the gutter block 10. You. Since the retaining wall 20 is integrated with the buried main body 11, the retaining wall 20 does not move alone. Therefore, even if the private land 2 is on the level of embankment, the land boundary 5 can be maintained for a long time. Further, even if a pressure such as a vehicle is applied to the earth retaining wall 20, the gutter block 10 does not sink or move as a whole. For this reason, the retaining wall 20 does not move, and the land boundary 5 by the retaining wall 20 can be lengthened even in an environment where not only cars but also heavy objects such as tractors can ride on, for example, the private land 2 is a field. Can be maintained over time.

Further, in the gutter 1 constructed using the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment, the open channel portion 15 and the culvert portion 18 repeatedly appear, and the drainage flowing through the road 3 from the opening 14 of the open channel portion 15, particularly the retaining wall. The wastewater flowing along 20 can be swallowed into the channel 12. Therefore, the gutter 1 having a high drainage capacity can be constructed along the land boundary 5, and the drainage can be prevented from flowing into the private land 2. Furthermore, in the gutter block 10 of this example, since the earth retaining wall 20 which also functions as a water blocking wall or a weir is integrated with the main body 11 of the gutter block 10, the gutter block 10 is embedded. The land boundary 5 can be constructed only by constructing the gutter 1, and a gutter having a high drainage capacity from the ground surface can also be constructed. Therefore, it is possible to construct the gutter 1 and the land boundary 5 at low cost in a short period of time, which is suitable for the development of residential land and fields.

Furthermore, when the gutter 1 is constructed using the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment, the retaining wall 20 having a constant height along the gutter 1, in this example, a height of 3 cm and a width of 10 cm forms the land boundary 5. . The earth retaining wall 20 of such a height does not hinder the vehicle from getting over, but on the other hand, is high enough to clarify the land boundary 5 and prevent drainage from flowing. is there. Considering the riding of the vehicle, the height of the retaining wall 20 is preferably 6 cm or less. In particular, the lower the height of the retaining wall 20 is, the easier it is to get on. Therefore, in this example, the retaining wall 20 is lower than the height of a generally used boundary block (about 5 cm). With such a height (step), walking and traffic are not further hindered, and it is easy to get on. Furthermore, unlike the boundary block, the side groove block 10 of the present embodiment has the flow path 12 in the main body 11, so that the drainage 68 can be taken in from an appropriate position along the retaining wall 20, and the drainage performance is high. .

Therefore, even if the retaining wall 20 is about 5 cm or less, for example, 4 cm or 3 cm as in this example, the drainage can be drained to the flow channel 12 without flowing to the private land 2 side. As described above, by constructing the gutter 1 by the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment, the private land 2 can be developed so that the vehicle can enter the boundary 5 of the land, and the vehicle can be constructed prior to the construction. You don't need to decide where to enter. Therefore, the land can be constructed without considering the entrance of the house or the entrance of the tractor to the fields, and land development is facilitated. Conventionally, places to enter and exit are determined in advance and are constructed with boundary blocks having different heights or a combination of boundary blocks and L-shaped side grooves, which is troublesome and cannot flexibly respond to design changes and the like. On the other hand, the construction of the land boundary 5 using the gutter block 10 of this example can eliminate such disadvantages, and can be said to be a new construction method.

Although the drainage capacity of the gutter 1 using the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment is high, it can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the lid 30 provided in the opening 14. For example, when a concrete lid 30 having a notch 32 whose lower side is inclined inward on the edge 31 as shown in FIG. 1 is installed so that the notch 32 of the lid faces the retaining wall 20. A path for flowing water is provided between the lid receiver 51 and the lid 30. Therefore, even a small amount of drainage flowing along the retaining wall 20 can be efficiently discharged. One of the lids having the highest drainage efficiency is the grating 33. By covering the opening 14 with the grating lid 33, even a large amount of drainage can be discharged to the flow path 12. However, unless it is a special condition such as a typhoon, such a large amount of drainage does not occur, and when the cross-sectional area of the flow path 12 is considered, a large amount of drainage enters from all the openings 14. Is also difficult to handle. Therefore, a sufficient drainage capacity can be obtained only by covering a part of the cover with the grating cover 34 and covering the rest with the concrete cover 35 or covering the opening 14 with the cover 30 having the notch 32 described above. Further, even if the notch 32 is arranged along the longitudinal direction L of the gutter block 10, the drainage flowing on the gutter 1 can be discharged to the flow channel 12, and most of the drainage flowing on the road 3 is treated. be able to.

(3) A state in which the land boundary 5 is constructed using the gutter block 10 of this example is shown in FIG. 3 using a cross section. The gutter block 10 is set on a foundation concrete 61 for setting a level, and an invert concrete 62 is cast on site so as to fill the opening 19 to form a bottom 63 of the gutter 1. At the same time, the boundary 5 between the private land 2 and the road 3 is constructed by the earth retaining wall 20 integrated with the main body 11 of the gutter block 10. Therefore, even when the ground of the private land 2 is higher than the road 3, the boundary 5 of the private land 2 can be maintained or protected by the retaining wall 20. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the ground of the private land 2 or the ground surface 2a can be set at a substantially same height as the retaining wall 20, or as shown in FIG. 3 (b). The slope or slope may be such that the height gradually increases toward the inside of the private land 2. In any case, since the boundary of the private land 2 can be retained by the retaining wall 20, the earth and sand on the private land 2 side does not collapse toward the road 3, and the private land 2 can be stabilized.

Further, since the retaining wall 20 is high enough to allow the wheels 69 to get over without any trouble, a car, a tractor, and the like can enter the private land 2. And even if the weight is applied from above with the wheel 69 riding on the retaining wall 20, the wheel 69 falls on the side of the private land 2 and pushes out the retaining wall 20. However, since the retaining wall 20 is integrated with the gutter block 10, it does not move. Therefore, the earth and sand on the side of the private land 2 does not move when the vehicle enters or exits, and the land on the private land 2 can be stably maintained even in a state where the soil has been buried and is not so compacted.

Focusing on the drainage 68 flowing through the road 3, the flow 68 along the retaining wall 20 is efficiently discharged to the flow channel 12 of the side groove 1 through the notch 32 of the lid 30 installed in the opening 14. . The lid is not limited to this, and may be a grating lid 33. Instead of providing a notch on the side of the lid 30, a notch may be provided on the side of the lid receiver 51 of the main body 11. Therefore, although the retaining wall 20 is not so high, the drainage 68 does not climb over the retaining wall 20 and the drainage 68 does not enter the private land 2 side. And, even if the retaining wall 20 is low, the side of the private land 2 can be protected from the drainage 68 even if the retaining wall 20 is low, so that the vehicle can enter from anywhere.

As described above, the land boundary 5 can be easily constructed by using the gutter block 10 in which the earth retaining wall 20 rising up on one edge of the main body 11 is integrally formed. Furthermore, the earth retaining walls 20 are arranged along the direction in which the gutter blocks 10 are arranged, and the height and the positions of the adjacent gutter blocks 10 are aligned, so that the earth retaining walls 20 also have the same height and position. For this reason, by constructing the gutter 1, the retaining wall 20 can be aligned beautifully and orderly along the boundary 5, and the very good-looking land boundary 5 can be easily formed, that is, the labor for constructing the gutter 1. It can be constructed with just.

Furthermore, the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment is also connected to a gutter block (other gutter block) 9 for constructing a road crossing section as shown in FIG. The gutter 1 does not end only around the private land 2, but is connected to a mainstream drainage channel through a road crossing for drainage. The gutter block 10 of the present embodiment is provided with the wide retaining wall 20 to secure the strength, and therefore, the gutter block 9 for constructing a road crossing section or the like without the retaining wall 20 as it is. And the width will be different. However, in this example, the width and the like of the other gutter blocks 9 without the retaining wall 20 are designed and manufactured by adjusting the dimensions and the like of the openings 14. It can be freely connected and the side groove 1 can be constructed.

す る This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A shows the end face of the culvert 18 of the gutter block 71 in which one edge 29a of the upper surface 13 rises. FIG. 4B shows a cross section of the open channel portion 15 of the gutter block 71. The block 71 is of a type having a width W of 500 mm and an opening 14 formed in the center of the upper surface 13 of the structural wall 17. Therefore, the wall 72 is formed by raising the one edge 29a of the side groove block 9 without the earth retaining wall 20 as it is in the related art. For this reason, the width and the like of the side groove block 9 without the wall 72 are the same, and it is easy to connect them. However, the width S of the wall 72 can be secured only about 40 mm. Therefore, the sectional area of the wall is small, and the strength of the wall itself cannot be secured. Further, when the wall 72 has a height h of about 60 mm, the height h is larger than the width S, so that the wall 72 has a shape that is easily broken when a wheel is mounted. Therefore, the wall 72 is difficult to move integrally with the main body 11, but cannot be provided as a retaining wall, particularly as a gutter block provided with a wall on which a car or the like can freely ride. Therefore, the shape is not suitable as a gutter block for constructing a land boundary as described above.

FIG. 4 (c) shows the end face of the culvert 18 and FIG. 4 (d) shows the cross-section of the open channel 15 in a gutter block 73. It is a block for a side groove, but the width S of the wall 72 is widened so that about 90 mm can be secured. Therefore, the cross-sectional strength of the wall 72 is increased, and the width S is increased with respect to the height h, so that the wall 72 has a shape that is strong against the impact of the wheel riding. Also, the side groove block 73 can be connected because the size of the main body 11 is the same as the other side groove blocks 9 having no wall 72.

However, the width W of the upper surface including the wall 72 is increased to 550 mm, and the two ends that appear on the ground when aligned with the other side groove blocks 9 having no wall are in a state where they do not match. Since the dimensions (widths) of the flow channels 12 match, there is no problem with the function as the gutter, but the width of the gutters appearing on the ground surface is not uniform, which is unnatural in appearance. Also, considering the land boundary, the outside of the wall 72 will be the boundary of the private land 2, but the boundary of the private land 2 is constructed by combining this gutter block 73 and the gutter block 9 without the wall 72. When this happens, the end on the side of the road 2 does not match, and the flow path 12 cannot also match. Therefore, it becomes difficult to roll the roller on the road, or water leaks from the flow path 12. Construction that enters and exits the boundary of the private side with the road side is difficult because the land boundary changes. For this reason, the width W of the gutter block 73 is increased by only 50 mm as compared with the other blocks 9, and the design conditions and construction conditions of the gutter 1 are limited.

Furthermore, in the side groove block 73 shown in FIG. 4C, the wall 72 only extends laterally, and the lower portion 72a is not supported. Therefore, the strength when the weight is applied to the wall 72 from above becomes a problem. In particular, if the side of the wall 72 is the private land 2 and the ground is buried, the strength to support the wall 72 cannot be obtained. Therefore, also in this regard, the gutter block 73 is not so suitable as a gutter block for constructing the land boundary.

On the other hand, FIG. 5A shows an end face of the culvert 18 and FIG. 5B shows a cross section of the culvert 15. A portion 72b is provided to support the wall 72 at an angle, and the strength of the wall 72 is improved. As described above, by changing the protrusion amounts E1 and E2 of the edges 29a and 29b of the upper surface with respect to the side walls 16a and 16b forming the flow channel 12, the strength of the wall 72 rising from the upper surface 13 can be increased. , It can be supported from the body 11. Further, the shape of the wall 72 can be made long horizontally. That is, by extending the rising edge 29a more than the opposite edge 29b, it is possible to increase the area rising from the upper surface 13, and to form the rising portion 72 having a sufficient strength in cross section. it can. Therefore, in these respects, the gutter block 74 of this example is suitable as a gutter block forming the land boundary 5. However, the width W of the gutter block 74 is also 550 mm, which is wider than the width of the other gutter block 9 without the rising wall 72. Therefore, like the above-mentioned gutter block 73, it cannot be combined with another gutter block 9, and the problems in designing and constructing the gutter have not been solved.

FIG. 5C shows the end face of the culvert 18, and FIG. 5D shows the cross section of the open channel 15. The gutter block 75 differs from the gutter block 73 or 74 in that the width of the opening 14 is different. This is an example in which d is reduced to secure the width S of the rising wall 72. For example, if the width of the opening 14 is reduced from about 400 mm to about 360 mm, the rising wall 72 having a width of about 80 mm can be formed. Therefore, a sufficient cross-sectional shape can be secured as a retaining wall, and a width S larger than the height h can be secured, so that the rising wall 72 having no problem in strength can be prepared as the retaining wall. Also, since the width d of the opening 14 is reduced, the width W of the side groove block 75 can be kept at 500 mm. Therefore, the width is the same as that of the other side groove block 9 having no rising wall, and the width of the flow path 12 can be made the same. Therefore, the gutter can be designed and constructed in combination with these gutter blocks 9 without any particular limitation. Therefore, the gutter block 75 is one of the gutter blocks suitable for constructing the land boundary 5 described above.

However, as can be seen from FIG. 5D, since the width d of the opening 14 is reduced, the position of the end of the opening 14 is displaced from above the side wall 16a, and the lid hook 51 having a sufficient area cannot be formed. . For this reason, a lid cannot be placed on the opening 14, and it is difficult to actually adopt this shape as a gutter block. A block 76 in which the cross section of the open channel 15 is shown in FIG. 5E solves this problem, and the side wall 16a is extended inward so that a sufficient area for the lid receiver 51 can be secured. That is, by providing the portion 55 that protrudes or protrudes the upper surface of the side wall 16a inward, it can be provided as a gutter block in which the lid can be safely installed. Therefore, the gutter block 76 having the cross section shown in FIG. 5E is suitable as a gutter block for constructing the land boundary 5.

However, also in this gutter block 76, looking at the structure above the side wall 16 a, there is a rising wall 72 serving as a retaining wall, and an inside has an overhang 55 for supporting the lid receiver 51. Therefore, the cross section of the upper part of the side wall 16a becomes large, and the load increases. For this reason, the center of gravity of the side groove 76 is located considerably on the side of the side wall 16a, and it is dangerous to lift the side groove block 76 when lifting the side groove block 76 through a jig through the flow path 12 during transportation. In addition, since the suspended state is not stable, there is a problem in construction such that the installation position cannot be accurately determined. In addition, a design in which only one portion is thick does not increase the utilization efficiency of concrete, and it is difficult to balance the strength.

5 (f) shows the end face of the culvert 18 and FIG. 5 (g) shows the gutter block 10 showing the cross section of the culvert 15 which is the gutter block of the present embodiment which has solved the above-mentioned problem. In this gutter block 10, the width S of the retaining wall 20 is ensured by reducing the width d of the opening 14, similarly to the gutter blocks 75 and 76 described above. Therefore, the width W of the gutter block 10 can be limited to 500 mm in this example, like the other gutter blocks 9 having no earth retaining wall. In order to secure the area of the lid receiver 51 of the opening 14, the center 12 c of the flow channel 12, that is, the center of the side walls 16 a and 16 b is shifted from the center 11 c of the main body 11. Thus, the center 14c of the opening 14 and the center 12c of the side walls 16a and 16b are made substantially coincident without shifting the position of the opening 14 in order to secure the width S of the retaining wall 20. In this way, by shifting the side walls 16a and 16b to the opposite side to the retaining wall 20, that is, to the side of the other edge 29b or the side of the opening 14, the end 14e of the opening 14 having the reduced width d is substantially uniform. At both side walls 16a and 16b. Further, when the area of the lid receiver is insufficient, the support parts 55 are provided by protruding the upper inner surfaces of the side walls 16a and 16b inward to form the lid receiver 51.

The support portion 55 protrudes more inward than the gradient considering the removal of the formwork, and if the gradient considers the removal from the formwork, the support portion 55 can fit within about 5 to 8 mm. The portion 55 is protruded in the direction of the water channel 12 to secure a sufficient area as the lid receiver or the lid hook 51.

Therefore, in the side groove block 10, the width S of the retaining wall 20 is sufficiently ensured, the sectional strength is high, and the retaining wall 20 having the width S larger than the height h can be provided. For this reason, the earth retaining wall 20 having high strength enough to withstand a shock such as riding on the vehicle can be formed integrally with the main body 11. In order to form such an earth retaining wall 20, the width d of the opening 14 is reduced without changing the width of the flow channel 12, so that the width W of the gutter block 10 does not increase, and the design and construction, etc. May be the same as the conventional gutter block 9, and it is possible to construct the gutter by combining them, and no irregularities are generated at the boundary or the road width.

Furthermore, since the side walls 16a and 16b are shifted to the side of the opening 14, the area of the lid hooking 51 of the opening 14 can be secured, and when the lid is installed, the side walls 16a and 16b can evenly support the side walls 16a and 16b. Further, since the support portions 55 protruding inward to form the lid receiver 51 are provided on both the side walls 16a and 16b, the concentration of the load on one of the side walls 16a can be reduced, and the center of gravity can be reduced. 11 can be approached. Therefore, the block 10 can be prevented from rotating during transportation or transportation, and these operations can be performed in a stable posture. For this reason, it can work safely. In addition, since the posture at the time of construction is stable, it is easy to accurately adjust to the planned installation position, and the high-quality gutter 1 and land boundary 5 can be constructed in a short time.

As described above, in the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment, the width d of the opening 14 is reduced, and the center 12c of the flow channel 12 is slightly positioned on the opposite side of the earth retaining wall 20 (the width W is 500 mm in the present embodiment). In the block, it is shifted by more than 10 mm, for example, about 10 to 15 mm. Therefore, when comparing the widths F1 and F2 of the edges 29a and 29b on both sides of the opening 14, the width F1 of the edge 29a on which the retaining wall 20 is formed becomes wider. In addition, since the side walls 16a and 16b are shifted to the opposite side to the retaining wall 20, the overhang amounts E1 and E2 of the edges 29a and 29b from these walls 16a and 16b are compared. As described above, the overhang amount E1 on the earth retaining wall 20 side is larger than the overhang amount E2 on the opposite side. Since the overhanging portion 56 connected from the side wall 16a is provided below the retaining wall 20, the load of the retaining wall 20 can be sufficiently received by the main body 11 or the side wall 16a, and the strength of the retaining wall 20 can be reduced. Can be high enough.

Further, in the side groove block 10 of this example, the side walls 16a and 16b constituting the flow path 12 are shifted, but are shifted in parallel, and the width C of the flow path 12 does not change. Therefore, the performance of the flow path 12 remains unchanged, the drainage capacity of the flow path 12 can be secured, and there is no need to repeat the flow rate calculation. However, since the side walls 16a and 16b are shifted by about 10 mm or more, when the side walls 16a and 16b are connected to another gutter block 9 having no earth retaining wall 20, the center of the flow channel 12 of the gutter block 10 of the present embodiment is connected. The center of the flow path of the other side groove block is eccentric (shifted) by more than 10 mm. For this reason, when these gutter blocks are arranged, the positions of the side walls do not completely match, and a slight step is generated on the inner surface of the flow channel 12. However, the step is about 10 mm or more, and considering that the width of the side wall is required to be about 50 mm or more, there is no possibility of causing a water leak or the like. Further, as described above, when the other gutter block 9 and the gutter block 10 of this example are connected side by side, the upper surface 13 on the surface of the ground is in a state in which both ends are aligned, the appearance is good, and the boundary line or road construction is good. Can be avoided.

シ ー ル The sealing groove 58 provided on the end face 57 of the side walls 16a and 16b will be further described with reference to the end faces of the side groove blocks shown in FIGS. When constructing the gutter 1 using the gutter block 10, there is a problem in connection between adjacent gutter blocks and water stoppage. That is, when a plurality of gutter blocks are connected, if the gutter blocks are relatively displaced after construction, water leakage may occur. In particular, the gutter block 10 of the present example assumes that the vehicle will ride on the vehicle, and it is necessary to prevent a deviation from occurring even when a different weight acts on the adjacent gutter block 10. Of course, it is also important to ensure sufficient strength of the basic block 61, but in this example, a sealing groove 58 is further provided on the end face 17. When the end faces 17 are connected to each other, the grooves 58 for sealing are combined to form an injection hole. Therefore, after the side groove block 10 has been joined, mortar is injected into the injection hole formed by the groove 58 formed at the portion where the end faces are joined, thereby preventing the side wall block 10 from shifting laterally. Further, since water can be stopped in the flow channel 12 by the mortar injected into the injection hole, water leakage can be prevented. In addition, since the bottom surface 63 of the flow channel 12 is formed of the invert concrete 62 in the side groove 1 of this example, water leakage of the bottom surface 63 can be prevented, and the invert concrete 62 also serves to prevent the blocks from shifting. .

In consideration of injecting the mortar into the injection hole, it is desirable that the injection port 59 is on a flat surface. If the injection port 59 appears on an inclined surface, the mortar hardly enters the injection port and flows. In consideration of water stoppage and slippage prevention, it is preferable that the groove 58 is formed at the center of the end face 57 of the side wall. Further, when the concrete on both sides of the groove 58 is thin during manufacture and transportation, the concrete is easily broken and does not function as the groove. Therefore, also in this respect, it is desirable that the groove 58 be formed at the center of the side walls 16a and 16b. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), when the width S of the wall 72 is small even if the width W of the side groove block is 500 mm, the groove 58 extends vertically or vertically from the center of the end face 57 of the side wall 16a. Can be extended, and the injection port 59 appears on the horizontal upper surface 13. Therefore, there is no problem in injecting the mortar.

Also, in the type in which the width S of the rising wall 72 is increased, as shown in FIG. 4C and FIG. 5A, when the width W of the block is increased to 550 mm, the end face of the side wall 16a is similar to the above. The injection hole 59 can be installed on the upper surface 13 by extending the injection hole 58 vertically straight from the center of 57.

However, as shown in FIG. 5C and FIG. 5F, in the gutter block 75 or 10 in which the width S of the retaining wall 20 is secured without increasing the width W of the gutter block, the injection groove is not provided. If 58 is extended vertically or vertically from the center of the end face 57 of the side wall 16a, it will hit the slope 21 or the corner of the retaining wall 20, and the inlet will not appear on a flat surface. Therefore, in these side groove blocks 10 and 75, the middle of the injection groove 58 is bent at the upper part of the side wall 16 a, and in these examples, the injection port 59 is made to appear at the portion of the upper surface 13 which is separated from the retaining wall 20. ing. Accordingly, even when the gutter 1 is constructed using the gutter block 10 or 75 or 76 in which the width S of the retaining wall 20 is increased without increasing the width W of the block, the injection port that appears on a flat surface. From 59, mortar can be injected efficiently. The upper portion of the side wall 16a is a portion having an overhang for supporting the earth retaining wall 20 and an overhang 55 for supporting the lid receiver 51. Even if the groove 58 is bent, the thickness of the concrete around the groove can be sufficiently increased. Can be secured. Therefore, the function as the groove 58 is not impaired due to lack of concrete.

FIG. 6 shows some modified examples of the gutter block 10 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 6A shows an example in which the injection groove 58 is bent toward the retaining wall 20 at the upper portion of the side wall 16 a, and the injection port 59 appears on the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20. Since the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20 is also a substantially horizontal surface, it is suitable for pouring mortar. FIG. 6B is an example in which the steel plate 81 is embedded in the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20, and the strength of the retaining wall 20 can be further increased. It is also possible to embed an iron plate in concrete so as to cover the entire retaining wall 20 including the surface 22. The iron plate 81 can be molded in a state where it is embedded in the retaining wall 20 if it is set in advance at a location where the retaining wall 20 of the mold is to be molded when the side groove block 10 is molded by the mold. When the reinforcing steel is buried in the earth retaining wall 20, it may be attached to the reinforcing steel in advance by welding or the like. Alternatively, it is also possible to bury the insert and attach the iron plate after molding.

6 (c) and 6 (d) are examples of blocks in which the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20 rises relatively vertically and the radius of curvature of the corner 24 with the upper surface 23 is large. For example, by setting the R of the corner 24 to 20 to 30 mm or more, the gutter block 10 having the earth retaining wall 20 which does not become an obstacle when a vehicle enters even if the angle of the slope 21 is not so loose is provided. can do. FIG. 6C shows an example in which the injection groove 58 is bent at the upper side toward the upper surface 13 of the main body 11 and the injection port 59 appears on the upper surface 13 of the main body 11. FIG. In this example, the groove 58 is bent toward the retaining wall 20 at the upper portion, and the injection port 59 appears on the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20.

FIGS. 6 (e) and 6 (f) show an example in which the lower portion 82 of the side walls 16a and 16b is widened outwardly, and has good stability when installed, and has good contact when invert concrete forming the bottom surface is cast. The area is large and there is little worry about water leakage. However, since the amount of concrete increases, it becomes slightly heavy and expensive. FIG. 6E shows an example in which the injection groove 58 is bent to the upper surface 13 side of the main body 11 at the upper portion, and the injection port 59 appears on the upper surface 13 of the main body 11, and FIG. Is an example in which the upper portion is bent toward the retaining wall 20 at the upper portion, and the injection port 59 appears on the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20.

各 FIG. 7 shows each section of the open channel portion 15 of the gutter block 10 shown in FIG. The example shown in FIG. 7A is an example in which the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20 is intentionally gently inclined so that the vehicle can easily get on the vehicle, and the angle is considerably smaller than the inclination of the side surface 52 of the opening 14. You can see that. The slope of the side surface 52 of the opening 14 is a slope set in consideration of a draft angle from the mold at the time of manufacturing and a clearance between the opening 14 and the lid when the lid is installed, and has a retaining wall. This is the inclination angle used for the opening and the like in other side groove blocks 9 which are not used. On the other hand, in the gutter block 10 of this example, the tire of the car, the wheel of the tractor, or the caterpillar is designed in consideration of the riding on the retaining wall 20, so that the wheels and the like are easy to climb, and In order to reduce the impact at that time, the slope 21 of the slope 21 appearing outside the retaining wall 20 is formed to be small and loose. On the other hand, the opposite surface 22 functioning as an earth retaining member is a substantially vertical surface so as to be easily subjected to earth pressure.

As described above, the portion of the lid receiver 51 of the opening 14 is supported by the portion 55 in which the upper portions of the inner surfaces of the side walls 16a and 16b of the main body 11 forming the flow path 12 protrude inward. The load of the lid is applied to both side walls 16a and 16b. Further, since the overhang portion 56 connected to the side wall 16a of the main body 11 is provided below the retaining wall 20, the load applied from above when the load on the retaining wall 20 and the wheels or the like are put on the main body 11 is applied. And the earth retaining wall 20 has a shape firmly supported by the main body 11. Further, the shape of the retaining wall 20 itself is wide with respect to the height and a sufficient cross-sectional area is secured, so that the structure is high in strength and hard to break. As described above, the height of the retaining wall 20 is desirably about 6 cm or less, and particularly desirably 4 cm or less, in order to satisfy the strength and the structure that the vehicle can easily get on. On the other hand, the width of the retaining wall 20 is desirably 12 cm or less, for example, about 6 cm to 12 cm in consideration of making the size of the opening as large as possible and further placing the lid on the side wall. , 8 cm to 10 cm.

In the example shown in FIG. 7B, the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20 is formed at substantially the same angle as the side surface 52 of the opening, and the radius of curvature of the corner 24 between the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 is increased. By making the curvature small, wheels and the like are easy to ride, and the shock when riding is reduced. The shape of the retaining wall 20 shown in FIG. 7C is intermediate between the above, and the inclination of the slope 21 is smaller than the inclination of the side surface 52 of the opening 14, and is connected to the slope 21 from the opening 14. The angle of the surface has changed in some parts. Further, the radius of curvature R of the corner 24 between the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 is as large as about 20 mm. It is also possible to chamfer the corner 24 instead of forming it with a curved surface. In this case, the chamfer should be at least about 10 mm or more, which is larger than the chamfer for preventing the corner from being chipped. Is desirable. Each of the retaining walls 20 having such a shape can easily carry wheels and can reduce shock at that time, so that the retaining wall 20 is not broken when a car or the like runs on the retaining wall 20, or It is hard to break.

As described above, by constructing the gutter 1 on the land boundary 5 using the gutter block 10 according to the present example, it is possible to construct the gutter 1 and simultaneously construct the earth retaining wall 20 which becomes the land boundary 5. it can. Therefore, since the land boundary 5 and the gutter 1 can be constructed at the same time, the land boundary can be constructed very inexpensively and in a short time. Then, an area slightly higher than the road 3 by embankment such as the private land 2 can be protected by the retaining wall 20, and rainwater or the like can be prevented from entering. In addition, since the retaining wall 20 is formed integrally with the gutter block main body 11, unlike a light-weight block such as a conventional L-shaped gutter, the retaining wall 20 moves or comes off due to earth pressure or an impact when the vehicle gets on the vehicle. Or not. Further, since the retaining wall 20 is easy to ride on and has a configuration with sufficient strength, the residential land can be developed so that vehicles can enter from any part of the land boundary 5 formed by the retaining wall 20, or the fields are constructed. Land readjustment can be done.

In the gutter block 10 in which the gutter main body and the earth retaining wall as described above are integrated, a flexible construction can be performed according to the level (height) of the construction site, taking advantage of the advantages described above. FIG. 8 shows that a plurality of gutter blocks 10 according to the present invention are buried side by side at the boundary 5 between the private land 2 used as a field and the road 3, and the gutter 1 is constructed along the road 3 around the field. Have been. If the gutter block 10 of this example is adopted, even if there is a height in the field, the surroundings can be surrounded by the gutter block 10 having the same shape, so that the construction is simple, and furthermore, the construction with good appearance can be achieved. it can. Furthermore, this example shows that the boundary 5 can be constructed with the same gutter block 10 even when the private land 2 has undulations. By burying (laying) the gutter blocks 10 of the same shape continuously even in a place where there are undulations at the same level (elevation), a uniform arrangement of the blocks can be achieved. The cross section of each region in FIG. 8 is shown in FIG. 9, and the level of the field 2c on the right side (upper side) of FIG. 8 is higher than that of the road 3 as shown in FIG. The upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20 of the block 10 is constructed in accordance with the level of the field 2, and the retaining wall 20 is used as the retaining of the field 2 c, and the boundary 5 with the road 3 which is one step lower than the ground level is formed. Can be formed.

On the other hand, on the left side (lower side) in FIG. 8, the field 2d is lower than the road 3 as shown in FIG. 9C, and the vehicle enters the field 2d by riding on the retaining wall 20. Not a place. However, by constructing the gutter block 10 of this example along the road 3, the retaining wall 20 can prevent rainwater and the like from flooding the field 2 d from the side of the road 3. Then, the rainwater trapped by the retaining wall 20 is discharged to the flow channel 12 from the notch 32 of the lid 30 arranged along the retaining wall 20, and is drained to the field 2 d over the retaining wall 20. It does not flow.

Further, even in a place where the level of the field 2d is lower than that of the road 3, an entrance portion to which a tractor or the like gets in is provided in advance, such as a rice field road, and a vehicle such as a tractor (cultivator) required for agricultural work is guided to the field 2d. Road 2b is necessary. In such a portion, as shown in the middle of FIG. 8 and as shown in FIG. 9B, the road 2b is buried in the field 2d and is high, and is at the level of the road 3 or higher. When the gutter block 10 of this example is used, the height of the embankment of the road 2b can be held by the earth retaining wall 20, and the vehicle can be easily entered as in the other areas described above.

As described above, the gutter block 10 of this example can be used for construction of all boundaries even in a region where the land 2 has a height, and not only a function as an earth retaining member but also rainwater drainage can be performed. Can be prevented from flowing into If the whole is surrounded by the gutter block 10 of this example, it can be installed anywhere on a road where a low-level private land can be entered. For this reason, it is not necessary to complete the plan on the private side before constructing the gutter 1, and the land can be arranged and divided very flexibly.

FIG. 10 schematically shows an enlarged part of the retaining wall 20 of the gutter block 10. As described with reference to FIG. 7A, in the gutter block 10, the inclination angle of the slope 21 appearing on the outside of the retaining wall 20 is made small and loose so that the vehicle can easily get on and reduce the impact at that time. Has formed. In particular, at a construction site where the sidewalk road boundary block is not provided on the road side, or at a construction site where a bicycle runs on the sidewalk, there is a high possibility that the tire of the bicycle contacts the retaining wall 20. Further, it is expected that the bicycle climbs the retaining wall 20 diagonally. In such a case, if the tire of the bicycle is caught on the retaining wall 20 or slides down without being able to climb the retaining wall 20 diagonally, a dangerous situation such as a fall of the bicycle may occur. Therefore, it is desirable to design the angle of the slope 21 of the retaining wall to be loose enough to cope with such a situation. In consideration of such a situation, the inclination angle θ1 of the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20 is desirably 60 degrees or less, and more desirably 45 degrees or less. That is, the angle θ2 formed by the slope 21 with the normal M is preferably 30 degrees or more, and more preferably 45 degrees or more.

Therefore, in the side groove block 10, a place where such a situation is not taken into consideration, for example, at the edge 14 e of the opening in which the mold is removed at the time of manufacture or the clearance with the lid 30 is taken into consideration, the gradient is about 1-2 °. Considering that the angle θ3 is provided, the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20 has a very gentle slope in the block 10 and has a special slope. By providing such a slope 21, the gutter block 10 performs the function of constructing the boundary 5 of the land, maintains the difference in the ground, and prevents the user from tripping. Wheelchairs, baby carriages, and vehicles equipped with small wheels (walking assistance vehicles for the disabled) can be passed over smoothly. For this reason, the barrier-free land boundary 5 can be constructed by employing the gutter block 10 of this embodiment.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, there is provided a gutter block 10 in which the upper surface 13 is substantially uniformly inclined from the other edge 29 b toward the one edge 29 a, and the upper surface 13 is entirely a retaining wall 20. It is also possible. In the case of such a side groove block 10, in order to secure a step d of about 25 mm, if the block has a width of about 500 mm, the inclination of the upper surface 13 can be stopped at about 5%. With this degree of inclination, bicycles and other vehicles can move up and down with little difficulty, and there is no danger of slipping and falling. Further, since the upper part of the gutter block 10 is inclined and forms the retaining wall 20, the inclination of the retaining wall 20 is very gentle, and there is no shock when the wheels 69 ride on the retaining wall 20. There is no sudden force acting on 20. Therefore, the riding comfort when riding over the retaining wall 20 is good, and since no force acts on the retaining wall 20, the strength of the retaining wall 20 may be low. Furthermore, since it can be said that the wall thickness of the retaining wall 20 is equal to the width of the gutter block 10, the strength of the retaining wall 20 is very high. For this reason, the corner of the earth retaining wall 20 is not broken, and it is also a gutter block having a structure that is hard to break.

On the other hand, in the gutter block 10 provided with the earth retaining wall 20 having a shape protruding from the upper surface 13, it is preferable to further consider slip prevention. For this reason, in the gutter block 92 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20 and the upper surface 13 of the block 10 are provided with a non-slip pattern by the unevenness 25, and the tire is used. Sliding is prevented, and the land boundary 5 can be constructed with the barrier-free gutter 1. First, in the gutter block 92 of this example, an iron plate 81 is embedded so as to cover the slope 21 and the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20, and the retaining wall 20 is reinforced. In the gutter block of this example, the strength is high because the retaining wall 20 is designed to be widened. However, a very large force may act on the retaining wall 20 at the ground where the earth pressure from the back surface 22 cannot be expected so much and at the boundary where a heavy vehicle may enter. In particular, since the retaining wall 20 is made of concrete and has a shape rising from the gutter block 92, when a strong force acts on the retaining wall 20 in the horizontal direction, there is a possibility that a tensile stress occurs inside. . Since concrete is not so high in tensile stress, it is desirable to improve the tensile stress by embedding an iron plate 81 at a site where such a case is assumed.

However, if the surface of the retaining wall 20, particularly the slope 21, is formed of the iron plate 81, it becomes easy to slip. Further, even when the steel plate 81 is not the iron plate 81, it is slippery to some extent because it is a slope. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the uneven pattern 25 is provided to prevent slippage. In addition, by providing the same uneven pattern 25 on the upper surface 13 of the side groove 92, the formed side groove has a sense of unity and can be constructed with a good appearance. The uneven portion 25 can further be provided with an uneven pattern 25 on the surface of the lid 30, and a totally designed side groove can be constructed.

The pattern of the non-slip is not limited to this uneven pattern, but considering that the retaining wall 20 and the upper surface 13 are manufactured by the same durable formwork when manufacturing the gutter block 92, the retaining wall 20 It is desirable that the joint (the concave portion in this example) 25a be arranged along the boundary 13a between the upper surface 13 and the upper surface 13. When manufacturing the durable formwork, the portion forming the earth retaining wall 20 from the upper surface 13 is bent, so if the pattern is convex, the shape is collapsed by the bending, and the desired shape is changed to the side groove block 10. This is because it is difficult to form them on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, when a pattern is provided on the upper surface 13 of the gutter block 10, a regular pattern such as a tile pattern is desirable. For example, a deck panel or another panel having a regular pattern can be used for the iron plate 81 forming the surface of the retaining wall 20, so that a similar pattern may be formed on the upper surface 13 of the gutter block. good.

Further, the gutter block 92 shown in FIG. 13 has a footing portion 27 extending in the horizontal direction as a base, under the side wall 16b on the side facing the retaining wall 20, as shown in a sectional view in FIG. Have. In the case of the gutter block 82, when it is applied to the boundary 5 of the land, the side wall 16 b provided with the footing 27 can secure a large resistance due to earth pressure. When the vehicle (tire) 69 rides on the retaining wall 20, the load causes a counterclockwise overturning moment in FIG. However, in the case of the side groove block 82 of the present embodiment, the footing portion 27 can counter the overturning moment in that direction, so that the side groove block 92 is tilted by the overturning moment or deviates from another adjacent side groove block 92. Can be prevented.

Further, the side groove block 82 having the footing portion 27 can counter the falling moment in the opposite direction, that is, the clockwise direction. Therefore, the side groove block 82 has the ability to counter the earth pressure on the retaining wall 20 side. high. For this reason, it is a shape suitable for making the side wall 16a function as a retaining wall.

Further, as can be seen from the side view (FIG. 15A) and the cross-sectional view (FIG. 15B), the side groove block 93 shown in FIG. It is a gutter block suitable for construction. Therefore, the earth pressure applied to the side walls 16a and 16b increases, and the thickness T of those side walls is designed to be large. For this reason, compared with the relatively shallow side groove block 10 shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. In particular, the amount of protrusion of the edge 29b on the side facing the earth retaining wall 20 rising from the upper surface 13 can be almost eliminated. However, also in the block 93 of this example, the protruding amount E1 of the edge 29a on the side of the retaining wall 20 is secured to some extent, and the side wall 16a is not the width of the retaining wall 20 but the minimum that can withstand the earth pressure. It can be manufactured with design values.

The gutter block 94 shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 is such that the upper surface 13 of the gutter block is inclined toward the retaining wall 20, and the upper surface 23 of the retaining wall 20 is opposed to the side wall. The opposite edge 29b of 16b has the same height. Therefore, the retaining wall 20 extends above the upper surface 13 of the block 94, and its edge 29a is also formed to extend above the upper surface 13. However, the heights of the edges 29a and 29b are designed to be substantially the same. ing. Even with such a gutter block 94, the boundary with the private land 2 can be constructed by the retaining wall 20. However, it is not so suitable for a site where the private land 2 is higher than the road 3. On the other hand, since the upper surface 13 of the gutter is constructed so as to be inclined from the road side edge 29 b toward the retaining wall 20, the rainwater 68 and the like flowing from the road side 3 are applied to the slope 21 of the retaining wall 20. It is easy to collect water and can construct a gutter with excellent drainage capacity.

The above-described gutter block includes the culvert portion 18 and the culvert portion 15, and the culvert portion 15 occupies 1/3 or more. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to blocks. Furthermore, even if the opening ratio of the culvert 15 and the gutter blocks having different shapes of the flow passages 12 can be constructed at the above-described boundary.

17 (a) is a top view, and FIG. 17 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the side groove block 95. The opening 14 has a narrow width substantially in the center of the upper surface 13 and is formed in a substantially slit shape. ing. The opening 14 is provided intermittently in the longitudinal direction of the block 95, and is a side groove block having a small opening ratio. Even in such a block 95, the boundary between the private land and the road can be constructed by providing the retaining wall 20 rising from the upper surface 13 on one edge 29a of the upper surface 13.

開口 Since the opening 14 prepared in the side groove block 95 of this example is elongated, a lid may not be attached, or a lid such as the grating 36 may be attached so as not to obstruct walking. Since the opening 14 is small, the area covered by the grating 36 may be small, and the gutter can be constructed at low cost so as not to hinder walking. Therefore, the side ditch is suitable for use as a sidewalk or the like, but the area of the opening 14 is small, so that the water collection is not so high. Such a gutter block 95 is the same for other types, but can be constructed in combination with the gutter block 10 having high water collection shown in FIG. 1 or another type of gutter block. .

The gutter block 96 shown by using a cross section in FIG. 18 and the gutter block 97 shown by using a cross section in FIG. 19 both have the upper surface 13 from the edges 29 a and 29 b on both sides toward the center opening 14. It has a tilted structure. Therefore, the side of the edge 29a has a function as the earth retaining wall 20, and the land boundary can be constructed using these gutter blocks 96 and 97. Further, since the upper surface 13 is formed so as to be inclined from both ends 29a and 29b toward the central opening 14, water collection is good. Of course, the gutter block 96 also has a width W of the main body 11 set to the same width as another gutter block or a gutter block having no earth retaining wall, similarly to the above-described gutter blocks. Can be buried continuously in series, and the gutter network can be constructed over a wide area.

20 (a) is a top view, and FIG. 20 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a side groove block 98 in which a channel 12 having a circular cross section is formed in the main body 11 along the longitudinal direction. Block. Also in the gutter block 98 of this example, it is possible to form the integral retaining wall 20 by raising one edge 29a of the upper surface 13 from the upper surface 13, and as described above, the retaining wall 20 is formed. It is possible to adopt the form described above, such as making the width larger than the height. Then, the land boundary can be constructed in the same manner as described above by employing the gutter block 98 of this example. In the gutter block 98 of this example, the flow path 12 has a round box shape, and the ratio occupied by the opening 14 (open channel portion 15) is small. For this reason, the water collection is low, but the structural strength is high. In addition, since it is a box type, the whole structure is close to the culvert and the area of the upper surface 13 can be sufficiently secured, so that it is suitable for forming the earth retaining wall 20 which is wide, has a gentle slope, and has high strength. It is. However, since the shape of the flow path 12 is formed in advance, compared with the free-slope gutter block 10 or the like for which the bottom surface is constructed with invert concrete, it is not possible to flexibly cope with the site, and And the design becomes difficult.

That is, if the gutter is formed by the culvert type gutter blocks such as the gutter blocks 96, 97 and 98 as described above, the drainage cannot be efficiently discharged from the road to the flow path. If you do, it is difficult to adopt. Therefore, it cannot be said that it is suitable for land development and land readjustment. In addition, since the width of the opening is narrowed, maintenance becomes difficult, and cleaning of mud and dirt may be a problem in the vicinity of the fields. On the other hand, the gutter block 10 and the like of the present embodiment, in which the above-described underdrain and open channel repeatedly appear at predetermined intervals in the table, have a large opening area, and therefore have a high drainage capacity, and further, the inside of the channel is cleaned from the opening. Is also easy.

The gutter block in which the gutter main body and the earth retaining wall are integrated as described above is not limited to the block for the free slope gutter having the inverted U-shaped cross section as described above, and may be formed with a U-shaped gutter block. . For example, as shown in a cross section in FIG. 21, the present invention can be applied to a U-shaped gutter block 99. And the same effect as the above-described gutter block can be obtained. Further, as shown in a cross section in FIG. 22, a U-shaped gutter block 100 having a footing 27 can be formed. The gutter block 100 is provided with a footing 27 on the side wall 16 on the side facing the retaining wall 20. Therefore, the same effect as that of the side groove block 92 described with reference to FIG. 13 can be obtained.

However, in the U-shaped side groove block, since there is no portion of the structural wall 17 constituting the upper surface, it is not so strong against the earth pressure from the private land 2. In addition, when a heavy object such as a tractor is placed on the upper part, the weight may cause the U-shaped main body itself to spread, which may cause a structural problem such as insufficient structural strength. Another major problem is that it is difficult to form the retaining wall inside the gutter block without affecting the outside dimensions of the gutter block. That is, when the retaining wall is provided with the same width as the U-shaped lateral groove having no retaining wall, the opening is narrowed similarly to the above-described inverted U-shaped lateral groove block, and the retaining wall is provided inside the block. I need to bring it. However, in the case of the U-shaped gutter, the block is turned upside down at the time of manufacturing, and the gutter block is pulled upward. Therefore, if there is a retaining wall, the block cannot be pulled upward from the inner mold. Therefore, it is necessary to change the manufacturing method itself, resulting in a very high cost.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned free slope side groove in which the lower side of the block is opened in the inverted U-shape has no problem in strength, and the inner mold can be pulled upward when the block is turned upside down. Since there is no problem in manufacturing. Therefore, the above-described gutter block 10 according to the present invention can be easily manufactured. In addition, after manufacturing the block for the free-slope gutter with the bottom being opened by pulling out the inner formwork upward during manufacturing, beams and partial walls are added to the bottom of the block for the purpose of strengthening the strength etc. It may be formed.

Furthermore, since the gutter block 10 of this example can be manufactured with the same width as the conventional inverted U-shaped free slope gutter having no retaining wall, these can be combined to freely design and construct a road crossing portion and the like. It is possible. In addition, the performance of the flow path does not change, and labor such as recalculation of the flow rate can be omitted. Therefore, it can be constructed with the same feeling as a conventional inverted U-shaped free slope gutter, and at the same time, a retaining wall serving as a land boundary can be constructed.

In the above description, the present invention has been described by way of an example of a gutter block having a relatively large number of locations where the width W of the main body is 500 mm and the width of a water channel or a channel is 300 mm, but these dimensions are merely examples. The present invention is not limited to a block having a main body width W of 500 mm, and the present invention can be applied to a wider gutter block or a narrow gutter block.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the block for gutters concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the land boundary was constructed using the block for gutters shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which constructed the land boundary. It is a figure for explaining sequentially the block for gutters suitable for the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a gutter block suitable for the present invention, following FIG. 4. It is a figure showing some examples of a block for gutters. It is a figure which shows the structure of the open channel part of the block for gutters shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the mode that the boundary of the private land of different levels was constructed using the block for gutters shown in FIG. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state where the land boundary illustrated in FIG. 8 is constructed, FIG. 9A illustrates a place where the field side is higher than the road side, and FIG. FIG. 9C is a diagram showing a place where the field side is lower than the road side. It is the figure which expanded and showed a part of earth retaining wall of the block for gutters. It is a figure which shows the example of a different example of the block for gutters, and shows the block for gutters from which the upper surface of a block is inclined substantially uniformly from the other edge which forms a level | step difference to one edge, and the earth retaining wall is formed. It is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the example of a different example of the block for gutters, and is a figure which expands and shows a part of block for gutters with which the unevenness | corrugation of a non-slip was processed in the surface. It is a figure which shows the different example of the block for gutters, and is a perspective view which shows the outline of the block for gutters provided with the footing in the side which opposes a retaining wall. It is sectional drawing which shows the block for gutters provided with the footing shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a different example of the block for gutters, and is the block for gutters with the wide side wall facing a retaining wall, FIG.15 (a) is a side view, FIG.15 (b) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the different example of a block for gutters, and the upper surface of a block is the same height as the upper surface of a retaining wall, and the upper surface of the opposing side wall part is inclined toward the retaining wall from the side wall portion. It is sectional drawing which shows the block for side gutters which exist. It is a figure which shows the example from which a block for gutters differs, FIG.17 (a) of a block for gutters which has a slit-shaped opening is a top view, FIG.17 (b) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the different example of the block for gutters, and is the sectional view which shows the block for gutters which the upper surface of the block for gutters inclines toward an opening. It is a figure which shows the different example of the block for gutters, and is the sectional view which shows the block for gutters which the upper surface of the block for gutters inclines toward an opening. It is a figure which shows the example from which a block for gutters differs, a flow path is a round box shape, FIG.20 (a) is a top view, FIG.20 (b) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the different example of a block for gutters, and is sectional drawing which shows the block for U-shaped gutters. It is a figure which shows the different example of a block for gutters, and is sectional drawing which shows the block for U-shaped gutters provided with footing.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gutter 2 Private land 3 Road 5 Land boundary 9 Other gutter block which is not provided with a retaining wall used for a road crossing section 10 Gutter block 11 Block main body 12 Channel (water channel)
13 Upper surface of block 14 Opening of block 15 Opening section 16 Side wall 17 constituting flow passage 17 Structural wall 18 forming upper surface of block 18 Opening section below block 20 Retaining wall 21 Slope 22 Retaining surface 23 Top surface 24 Corner 25 Non-slip pattern (uneven part)
27 Footing part 30, 33, 34, 35, 36 Lid 32 Notch 51 for drainage Lid receiver (Lifting)
52 Inner surface 55 of opening 55 Projected portion to support lid receiver 56 Projected portion to support retaining wall 61 Foundation concrete, 62 Invert concrete 68 Drainage 69 Wheels 71, 73, 74, 75, 76 Gutter block 72 Rise (including those that function as retaining walls)
92 ～ 100 Side groove block

Claims (1)

A side groove block having a main body that forms a flow path in the longitudinal direction, and at least a part of the upper surface of the main body is an opening,
One edge of the upper surface of the main body in the longitudinal direction becomes a retaining wall higher than the other edge sandwiching the opening, and at least an outer edge of the retaining wall projects from a side wall forming a flow path of the main body. ,further,
A gutter block having a base extending substantially horizontally from a lower portion of the main body to a side opposite to the earth retaining wall.

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