JP2004001614A - Axle spring damper for truck - Google Patents

Axle spring damper for truck Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004001614A
JP2004001614A JP2002159381A JP2002159381A JP2004001614A JP 2004001614 A JP2004001614 A JP 2004001614A JP 2002159381 A JP2002159381 A JP 2002159381A JP 2002159381 A JP2002159381 A JP 2002159381A JP 2004001614 A JP2004001614 A JP 2004001614A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vibration
liquid
fluid
bogie
spring damper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002159381A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuo Aso
麻生 和夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokyu Car Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyu Car Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyu Car Corp filed Critical Tokyu Car Corp
Priority to JP2002159381A priority Critical patent/JP2004001614A/en
Publication of JP2004001614A publication Critical patent/JP2004001614A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve riding comfort by effectively damping vibrations and oscillation at a specified frequency of a truck generated during driving rolling stock. <P>SOLUTION: An axle spring damper 14 fixes a vibration-proof rubber part 16 to the lower surface of a metallic lower side seating part 15. While fluid chambers 19, 20 are formed in the lower side seating part 15 and the vibration-proof rubber part 16 respectively, communicating between the respective fluid chambers 19, 20 with a fluid channel 22 having an orifice 21. When the vibration-proof rubber part 16 is pressed under load, the fluid sealed in the fluid chamber 20 provided in the vibration-proof rubber part 16 is forced to the fluid chamber 19 provided in the lower side seating part 15 through the fluid channel 22 to dampen the vibrations. Changing the setting of the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel 20, its length and the cross-sectional area of the orifice 21 or the like generates fluid resonance at a specified frequency, enabling the vibrations at the specified frequency to be effectively damped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鉄道車両の運転中に発生する台車の特定周波数の振動、動揺を、効果的に減衰させるための技術に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、鉄道車両の乗り心地を向上させるために、走行時に発生する台車枠の上下、ピッチング等の振動を減衰させる技術が考案されている。図3には、従来の鉄道車両の台車の一部を模式的に示している。図3に示す台車は、軸はり式と呼ばれる軸箱支持装置をもつ台車であり、台車枠1に軸支された軸はり2によって、軸箱3を支持し、台車枠1と軸箱3との間に軸ばね4を配置したものである。
【0003】
図4には、軸ばね4の拡大断面図を示している。軸ばね4は、図示のコイルバネ5の上下端部を、金属製の上側座部6と下側座部7とで挟持する構造を有する。そして、下側座部7の下面に防振ゴム部8を固定し、軸ばねダンパ9を構成している。また、下側座部7の中心部には、コイルバネ5の伸縮方向へと延びる柱状部10を設け、柱状部10の上端部にネジ穴11を形成している。一方、上側座部6の中心部には貫通穴12を形成し、通常は貫通穴12をキャップ13で塞いでいる。このネジ穴11および貫通穴12は、台車整備の際に、オネジをネジ穴11に捩じ込むことにより、コイルバネ5を意図的に縮めるために用いられるものである。なお、コイルバネ5に代えて円錐積層ゴムを用いた例もある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、下側座部7の下面に固定した防振ゴム部8は、車両運転中に発生する車軸または台車の振動、動揺を減衰するための所定のばね定数を持つように、寸法、硬度等が決定されている。しかしながら、様々な周波数の振動の中から、特定周波数の振動、例えば台車枠の上下、ピッチング等の振動に係る15Hz前後の振動のみを効果的に低減する場合に、防振ゴム部8のチューニングに多くの時間を割いても、特定周波数のみ効果的に低減することは困難であった。
なお、かかる課題は、図3に例示した軸ばり式台車に限らず、軸ばね4を持つ他の形式の台車にも共通するものである。
【0005】
本発明は上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、鉄道車両の運転中に発生する台車の特定周波数の振動、動揺を、効果的に減衰させることを可能とし、乗り心地の向上を図ることにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための、本発明の請求項1に係る台車の軸ばねダンパは、軸ばねの一端を受け止める剛体座部に弾性部を一体に固定した台車の軸ばねダンパにおいて、前記剛体座部と前記弾性部との夫々に液室を形成し、各液室間を、オリフィスを有する液体通路で連通させたことを特徴とするものである。
本発明によれば、前記弾性部に設けた液室に液体を封入し、前記弾性部が荷重を受けて圧縮される際に、前記液室内の液体を前記液体通路を介して前記剛体座部に設けた液室へと送り出すことで、振動の減衰を図るものである。しかも、前記液体通路の断面積、長さ、前記オリフィスの断面積等の設定を変更することで、特定周波数において液体共振を発生させ、特定周波数の振動を効果的に減衰させることが可能となる。
【0007】
また、本発明の請求項2に係る台車の軸ばねダンパは、請求項1記載の台車の軸ばねダンパにおいて、前記剛体座部に、軸ばねの伸縮方向へと延び、前記液室と前記液体通路と台車整備用のネジ穴とを備える柱状部を設けたものである。
本発明によれば、前記剛体座部に柱状部を設けて、当該柱状部に前記液室と前記液体通路と台車整備用のネジ穴とを設けることで、前記液室と前記液体通路との設置場所を確保しつつ、台車整備の際の作業性も確保することができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。なお、従来技術と同一部分若しくは相当する部分については、同一符号を付して、説明を省略する。
【0009】
図1には、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14を示している。軸ばねダンパ14は、図4の軸ばねダンパ9に置換えて用いることが可能なものであり、金属製の下側座部15の下面に、防振ゴム部16を固定したものである。また、下側座部15は、コイルバネ5の伸縮方向へと延びる柱状部17を備え、柱状部17の先端にはネジ穴18を設けている。
【0010】
さらに、下側座部15と防振ゴム部16との夫々に液室19、20を形成し、各液室19、20間を、オリフィス21を有する液体通路22で連通させている。液室19、20および液体通路22には液体を封入するが、液室19、20および液体通路22の全てに液体を満たして用いる場合には、液室19に液体のリザーバタンク(図示省略)を設けることとする。また、液室20および液体通路22には液体を満たし、液室19は完全に液体で満たさず空気層を設ける場合には、当該空気層の空気を外部に対し出し入れするための気抜き穴(図示省略)を、液室20に設けることとする。
【0011】
なお、下側座部15は、コイルバネ5の一端を受止め得るだけの剛性を有する剛体座部であれば、金属製に限定されることなく他の材料を用いることとしても良い。また、防振ゴム部16についても、所定の弾性を発揮するものであれば、ゴム以外の材料からなる弾性部として構成することが可能である。さらに、コイルバネ5についても、円錐積層ゴム等、他の弾性部材に置換えて用いることが可能である。
【0012】
上記構成をなす本発明の実施の形態によれば、以下のような作用効果を得ることができる。まず、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14は、防振ゴム部16が荷重を受けて圧縮される際に、防振ゴム部16に設けた液室20に封入された液体を、液体通路22を介して下側座部15に設けた液室19へと送り出すことで、振動の減衰を図ることができる。しかも、液体通路20の断面積、長さ、オリフィス21の断面積等の設定を変更することで、特定周波数において液体共振を発生させ、特定周波数の振動を効果的に減衰させることが可能となる。
【0013】
図2には、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14を用いた場合と、従来の軸ばねダンパ9を用いた場合の、軸ばねの動ばね定数を比較している。図2からも明らかなように、従来の軸ばねダンパ9を用いた場合の動ばね定数Sが、振動周波数の増加に比例しているのに対し、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14を用いた場合の軸ばねの動ばね定数S14は、特定周波数Fにおける値を減少させることが可能である。従って、鉄道車両の運転中に発生する台車の特定周波数の振動、動揺を、効果的に減衰させることが可能であり、例えば台車枠の上下、ピッチング等の振動に係る15Hz前後の振動のみを効果的に低減することにより、乗り心地の向上を図ることが可能となる。
【0014】
また、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14は、下側座部15に柱状部17を設けて、柱状部17に液室19と、液体通路22と、台車整備用のネジ穴18とを設けることで、液室19と液体通路22との設置場所を確保しつつ、ネジ穴18にオネジを捩じ込むことで、コイルバネ5を意図的に縮めることが可能であり、台車整備の際の作業性も確保することができる。柱状部17は、コイルバネ5に干渉しないものであれば、液室19および液体通路22を設置するための自由なレイアウトを取ることが可能であり、よって、特定周波数において液体共振を発生させ、特定周波数の振動を効果的に減衰させるための液室19および液体通路22を形成することが可能である。
【0015】
なお、液室19、20の形状や数は、図示の例に限定されるものではなく、たとえば、環状に多重の液室を設けることも、また、円周方向に分離した複数の液室を設けることも可能である。さらに、液体通路22の設置場所、通路形状、オリフィス21の形状、設置場所等も、特定周波数の振動を効果的に減衰させ得るものであれば、自由に設定することができる。さらに、図4に示す上側座部6に防振ゴムを固定して、当該防振ゴムと上側座部6の双方に液室を形成し、当該液室間をオリフィスを有する液体通路で連通することによっても、同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
また、本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ14は、防振ゴムを供えない既存の台車の、軸ばね座と交換して用いることで、既存の鉄道車両の乗り心地を向上させることも可能である。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明はこのように構成したので、鉄道車両の運転中に発生する台車の特定周波数の振動、動揺を効果的に減衰させ、鉄道車両の台車枠の上下、ピッチング等を改善し、乗り心地の向上を図ることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパ。
【図2】本発明の実施の形態に係る軸ばねダンパを用いた場合と、従来の軸ばねダンパを用いた場合の、軸ばねの動ばね定数を比較したグラフである。
【図3】従来の鉄道車両の台車の一部を示す模式図である。
【図4】図3に示す台車の軸ばねの拡大断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 台車枠
4 軸ばね
5 コイルバネ
6 上側座部
14 軸ばねダンパ
15 下側座部
16 防振ゴム部
17 柱状部
18 ネジ穴
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technology for effectively attenuating vibration and sway of a bogie of a specific frequency generated during operation of a railway vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to improve the riding comfort of a railway vehicle, a technology has been devised for attenuating vibration such as vertical movement, pitching, and the like of a bogie frame generated during traveling. FIG. 3 schematically shows a part of a bogie of a conventional railway vehicle. The bogie shown in FIG. 3 is a bogie having an axle box supporting device called an axle beam type. The axle box 3 is supported by an axle beam 2 supported by a bogie frame 1. The shaft spring 4 is disposed between the two.
[0003]
FIG. 4 shows an enlarged sectional view of the shaft spring 4. The shaft spring 4 has a structure in which the upper and lower ends of the illustrated coil spring 5 are sandwiched between a metal upper seat 6 and a lower seat 7. Then, a vibration isolating rubber portion 8 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower seat portion 7 to form a shaft spring damper 9. A column 10 extending in the direction of expansion and contraction of the coil spring 5 is provided at the center of the lower seat 7, and a screw hole 11 is formed at the upper end of the column 10. On the other hand, a through hole 12 is formed in the center of the upper seat 6, and the through hole 12 is usually closed with a cap 13. The screw hole 11 and the through hole 12 are used for intentionally contracting the coil spring 5 by screwing a male screw into the screw hole 11 during maintenance of the bogie. In some cases, a conical laminated rubber is used instead of the coil spring 5.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the anti-vibration rubber portion 8 fixed to the lower surface of the lower seat portion 7 has dimensions, hardness, etc. so as to have a predetermined spring constant for attenuating vibration and sway of the axle or bogie generated during driving of the vehicle. Has been determined. However, when effectively reducing only the vibration of a specific frequency, for example, the vibration of about 15 Hz related to the vibration of the bogie frame up and down, pitching, etc., from the vibrations of various frequencies, the tuning of the vibration isolating rubber portion 8 is performed. Even if a lot of time is spent, it is difficult to effectively reduce only a specific frequency.
The problem is not limited to the axle beam type bogie illustrated in FIG. 3 but is common to other types of bogies having the shaft spring 4.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to effectively attenuate vibrations and sway of a specific frequency of a bogie generated during the operation of a railway vehicle, and to effectively attenuate the vehicle. The goal is to improve comfort.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an axial spring damper for a bogie, wherein the elastic portion is integrally fixed to a rigid seat portion for receiving one end of the axial spring. A liquid chamber is formed in each of the part and the elastic part, and the liquid chambers are communicated with each other by a liquid passage having an orifice.
According to the present invention, the liquid is sealed in the liquid chamber provided in the elastic portion, and when the elastic portion is compressed by receiving a load, the liquid in the liquid chamber is passed through the liquid passage to the rigid seat portion. The vibration is attenuated by sending the liquid to the liquid chamber provided in the liquid crystal panel. Moreover, by changing settings such as the cross-sectional area and length of the liquid passage and the cross-sectional area of the orifice, it is possible to generate liquid resonance at a specific frequency and effectively attenuate vibration at a specific frequency. .
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bogie shaft spring damper according to the first aspect, wherein the rigid body seat portion extends in a direction in which a shaft spring expands and contracts, and the liquid chamber and the liquid A pillar-shaped portion provided with a passage and a screw hole for bogie maintenance is provided.
According to the present invention, a columnar portion is provided in the rigid body seat portion, and the liquid chamber, the liquid passage, and a screw hole for bogie maintenance are provided in the columnar portion. Workability during bogie maintenance can be ensured while securing the installation location.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same or corresponding parts as in the related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0009]
FIG. 1 shows a shaft spring damper 14 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The shaft spring damper 14 can be used in place of the shaft spring damper 9 in FIG. 4, and has a vibration-proof rubber portion 16 fixed to the lower surface of a lower metal seat portion 15. Further, the lower seat portion 15 includes a columnar portion 17 extending in the direction of expansion and contraction of the coil spring 5, and a screw hole 18 is provided at a tip of the columnar portion 17.
[0010]
Further, liquid chambers 19 and 20 are formed in the lower seat portion 15 and the vibration isolating rubber portion 16, respectively, and the liquid chambers 19 and 20 are communicated with each other by a liquid passage 22 having an orifice 21. A liquid is sealed in the liquid chambers 19, 20 and the liquid passage 22, but when all of the liquid chambers 19, 20 and the liquid passage 22 are filled with liquid, the liquid chamber 19 is provided with a liquid reservoir tank (not shown). Shall be provided. In the case where the liquid chamber 20 and the liquid passage 22 are filled with liquid and the liquid chamber 19 is not completely filled with liquid and an air layer is provided, a vent hole for taking air in and out of the air layer to the outside. (Not shown) is provided in the liquid chamber 20.
[0011]
The lower seat portion 15 is not limited to metal and may be made of another material as long as the lower seat portion 15 is a rigid seat portion having sufficient rigidity to receive one end of the coil spring 5. Also, the vibration-proof rubber portion 16 can be configured as an elastic portion made of a material other than rubber as long as it exhibits a predetermined elasticity. Further, the coil spring 5 can be used by replacing it with another elastic member such as conical laminated rubber.
[0012]
According to the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration, the following operation and effect can be obtained. First, the shaft spring damper 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the anti-vibration rubber portion 16 is compressed by receiving a load, the liquid sealed in the liquid chamber 20 provided in the anti-vibration rubber portion 16, By sending the liquid to the liquid chamber 19 provided in the lower seat portion 15 through the liquid passage 22, the vibration can be damped. In addition, by changing settings such as the cross-sectional area and length of the liquid passage 20 and the cross-sectional area of the orifice 21, liquid resonance is generated at a specific frequency, and vibration at a specific frequency can be effectively attenuated. .
[0013]
FIG. 2 compares the dynamic spring constants of the shaft spring when the shaft spring damper 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention is used and when the conventional shaft spring damper 9 is used. As is clear from FIG. 2, while the dynamic spring constant S 9 in the case of using a conventional axial spring damper 9 is proportional to the increase of the oscillation frequency, the axial spring according to the embodiment of the present invention the dynamic spring constant S 14 of the shaft spring in the case of using the damper 14, it is possible to reduce the value in the specific frequency F. Therefore, it is possible to effectively attenuate the vibration and the sway of the specific frequency of the bogie generated during the operation of the railway vehicle. For example, only the vibration of about 15 Hz related to the vibration of the bogie frame up and down, pitching and the like is effective. It is possible to improve the riding comfort by reducing the total.
[0014]
In addition, the shaft spring damper 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a columnar portion 17 in the lower seat portion 15, and the columnar portion 17 has a liquid chamber 19, a liquid passage 22, and a screw hole 18 for bogie maintenance. Is provided, the male spring is screwed into the screw hole 18 while securing the installation location of the liquid chamber 19 and the liquid passage 22, so that the coil spring 5 can be intentionally contracted, and Workability at the time can also be ensured. As long as the columnar portion 17 does not interfere with the coil spring 5, it is possible to take a free layout for installing the liquid chamber 19 and the liquid passage 22. Therefore, liquid resonance is generated at a specific frequency, It is possible to form a liquid chamber 19 and a liquid passage 22 for effectively attenuating frequency vibrations.
[0015]
The shape and number of the liquid chambers 19 and 20 are not limited to the illustrated example. For example, a plurality of liquid chambers may be provided in an annular shape, or a plurality of liquid chambers separated in the circumferential direction. It is also possible to provide. Further, the installation location, the passage shape, the shape of the orifice 21, and the installation location of the liquid passage 22 can be freely set as long as the vibration of the specific frequency can be effectively attenuated. Further, a vibration damping rubber is fixed to the upper seat portion 6 shown in FIG. 4, and a liquid chamber is formed in both the vibration damping rubber and the upper seat portion 6, and the liquid chambers communicate with each other through a liquid passage having an orifice. With this, the same operation and effect can be obtained.
In addition, the shaft spring damper 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention can also improve the ride comfort of an existing railway vehicle by replacing the shaft spring seat of an existing bogie that is not provided with vibration isolating rubber. It is possible.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, vibration of a specific frequency of the bogie, which is generated during operation of the railroad vehicle, is effectively attenuated, and the bogie frame of the railroad vehicle is improved up and down, pitching, etc., and ride comfort is improved. Improvement can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a shaft spring damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing a dynamic spring constant of a shaft spring when a shaft spring damper according to an embodiment of the present invention is used and when a conventional shaft spring damper is used.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a part of a bogie of a conventional railway vehicle.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a shaft spring of the bogie shown in FIG. 3;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bogie frame 4 Shaft spring 5 Coil spring 6 Upper seat 14 Shaft spring damper 15 Lower seat 16 Anti-vibration rubber portion 17 Columnar portion 18 Screw hole

Claims (2)

軸ばねの一端を受け止める剛体座部に弾性部を一体に固定した台車の軸ばねダンパにおいて、前記剛体座部と前記弾性部との夫々に液室を形成し、各液室間を、オリフィスを有する液体通路で連通させたことを特徴とする台車の軸ばねダンパ。In a bogie shaft spring damper in which an elastic portion is integrally fixed to a rigid body portion that receives one end of a shaft spring, a liquid chamber is formed in each of the rigid body portion and the elastic portion, and an orifice is formed between the liquid chambers. A shaft spring damper for a bogie, wherein the shaft spring damper communicates with a liquid passage having the same. 前記剛体座部に、軸ばねの伸縮方向へと延び、前記液室と前記液体通路と台車整備用のネジ穴とを備える柱状部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の台車の軸ばねダンパ。2. The bogie shaft according to claim 1, wherein the rigid seat portion is provided with a columnar portion extending in a direction of expansion and contraction of a shaft spring, the column portion including the liquid chamber, the liquid passage, and a screw hole for bogie maintenance. Spring damper.
JP2002159381A 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Axle spring damper for truck Pending JP2004001614A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP2002159381A JP2004001614A (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Axle spring damper for truck

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JP2002159381A JP2004001614A (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 Axle spring damper for truck

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007223398A (en) * 2006-02-22 2007-09-06 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd Elastic body for supporting axle box and axle box supporting structure
WO2014024315A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-13 株式会社 日立製作所 Bogie for railway vehicle
JP2016138625A (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Anti-vibration device
DE102016104497A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. Axle spring with refractory sheath

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007223398A (en) * 2006-02-22 2007-09-06 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd Elastic body for supporting axle box and axle box supporting structure
WO2014024315A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-13 株式会社 日立製作所 Bogie for railway vehicle
GB2524138A (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-09-16 Hitachi Ltd Bogie for railway vehicle
JPWO2014024315A1 (en) * 2012-08-10 2016-07-21 株式会社日立製作所 Railcar bogie
GB2524138B (en) * 2012-08-10 2019-12-04 Hitachi Ltd Bogie for railway vehicle
JP2016138625A (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Anti-vibration device
DE102016104497A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd. Axle spring with refractory sheath
DE102016104497B4 (en) 2015-03-17 2023-12-07 Nitta Chemical Industrial Products Co., Ltd. Axle spring with fireproof cover

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