JP2003518642A - Projector for simulating background images with directed beam light, especially for visibility from aircraft or ships - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] The present invention relates to a projector for simulating a background image by means of a directed beam light, particularly for a view from an aircraft, wherein a signal for the background image of a control device connected to a modulator of the projector is provided. And a signal for generating a signal for the directed light beam. The projector (100) has two light sources (10, 10 '), each of which is controlled by the signals (A, B) from the controller (60) with respect to the other signal. At a fixed time ratio, luminance-modulated and color-modulated collinear RGB light beams (Ф _A (t) and Ф _B (t)) are generated, and the first light source (10) generates a first RGB light beam (Ф _A The modulator (2) is controlled by the first signal (A) so that (t)) includes the optical information for the background image (17) and the optical information for the directed light beam, and the second light source (10 ′). )), The modulator (2 ′) is controlled by the second signal (B) so that the second RGB light flux Ф _B (t) includes only the optical information for the directed light beam, and the projector (100) beam combining means (20) is further provided, the first RGB light flux and the second RGB light flux (.PHI _a (t) and .PHI _B (t)) Emitted from the beam combining means so as to spatially coupled (20), the first RGB light flux and the second RGB light flux (.PHI _A (t) and .PHI _B (t)) are two of the RGB light beams (.PHI _A ( t) and Ф _B (t)) each have a separate deflection device (11,12; 18) acting on two axes, such that the directed beam light is superimposed on intensity in the image point to be displayed. ) Is simultaneously projected onto the projection surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a projector for simulating background images with a directed beam of light, especially with respect to the field of view from an aircraft.

In addition to day and night scene and sky-like imaging, simulations of the pilot's field of view from the aircraft achieve, among other things, life-like representations of up to 10,000 additional concentrating objects. There must be. The light generated by the lighting equipment at the airport (lighting at the landing area, lighting at the entry area and entrance of the airport, runway direction signs and taxiway signs), and aircraft position and direction lights are Also known as directed beam light. Such light must be shown in the front view of the landscape and / or the sky as dots or lines of various sizes and colors that are clearly defined. This display must be done during a simulated night flight and under simulated daylight conditions. Simulating the visibility from an aircraft during twilight after sunset or before sunrise and in the case of rain or fog is particularly problematic. The requirements for this kind of flight training equipment are
desanzeiger (Part II-93 / 98), "Notice of guidance lines for requirements for trained personnel in simulated flight training devices in airplanes and flight training devices in airplanes (Notice of guidance lines conc.
erning the requirements for simulate
d flight training devices for airpla
nes and training person in flight
training devices in airplanes) ", 109
Pages 2-1103 and the “Joint Flight Requirements (Joint Av.
EQUATION REQUIREMENT) "JAR-STi. According to JAR step D, the field-of-view depiction system produces a 75 degree horizontal field of view and a 30 degree vertical field of view for all pilots and is relevant for daytime, twilight and nighttime conditions. It is necessary to provide a realistic background image with a directed beam of light.

To date, the directed beam of light in the background image has been shown by a particular CRT projector in which the electron beam is overdriven at the image point indicating the directed beam of light. Overdriving the electron beam dramatically reduces the life of the picture tube due to its strong effect on the screen phosphor. As a result, the picture tube must be changed after a relatively short period of use. Moreover, picture tubes specially manufactured for this purpose have a considerably higher cost in the future.

The present invention provides a background image of a background image with a directed beam of light, in particular a view from an aircraft or a ship, in which a control device connected to a modulator of the projector produces a signal for the background image and a signal for the directed beam of light. Related to a projector for simulation.

According to the present invention, a projector is provided with two light sources, each of which has a fixed time ratio with respect to the other light source, and a collinear line R which is luminance-modulated and color-modulated by a signal from a control device.
A GB light flux is generated, and in the first light source, the modulator uses the first signal so that the first collinear RGB light flux has optical information for the background image and optical information for the directed beam light. Controlled, at the second light source, the modulator is controlled by the second signal so that the second collinear RGB light bundle has only optical information for the directed light beam, and the projector has a first RGB light bundle. Means are provided for spatially combining the first and second RGB light fluxes and the second RGB light fluxes, the first and second RGB light fluxes and the second RGB light flux at the image point where the directed beam light is displayed. The first RGB light flux and the second RGB light flux are simultaneously projected onto the projection surface by separate deflection devices operating in two axes, so that the two RGB light fluxes of the RGB light flux are superposed in terms of intensity. It is characterized by

As described above, the background image by the directed light beam is shown by the first RGB light flux, and only the directed light beam is shown by the second light flux. In that case, the first RGB light flux is displayed. The directed beam light generated by and the directed beam light generated by the second RGB light flux are accurately superimposed by the individual deflection devices.

In the state of the art, the light source is a laser, since sufficient collinear light flux of suitable intensity could only be produced previously by the laser. However, other light sources that emit low-divergence beam bundles (eg super-emitting radiators)
Also works in principle.

According to the present invention, as a spatial beam combining means, two light beams are superposed on the same straight line, arranged adjacent to each other in parallel, or radiated at a constant angle with a low loss under a constant condition, Includes any optical device. As illustrated by the examples referred to below, "spatial combined" means that two RGB light bundles are one.
It is meant to be separated by a constant number n of image points and / or a fixed number m of lines. In this connection, n and m can also be equal to 0. Ie 2
The two RGB rays are combined on the projection surface to form one collinear ray.

The time ratio and the duration for the intensity modulation of the light flux and of the deflection device acting on the two axes are chosen such that this intensity modulation is carried out synchronously, so that the technical development costs are minimized. It Modular RGB light source and projection housing 2
It is particularly desirable to form the spatial beam-coupling means as a light-transmitting fiber connection between one deflection device acting on one axis.

In a first example, the spatial beam combining means comprises a first RGB light and a second RGB light.
Individual collinear RGB light fluxes are generated from the light fluxes. This individual collinear RGB bundle is deflected two-dimensionally from its original point by a deflection device acting on two axes. The controller produces a first signal and a second signal that control the modulator. These signals correspond to optical information for the same image point on the same line at a given time.

The spatial beam combining means can be, for example, mirror devices, fiber couplers or strip waveguide couplers, or optical connecting splitters in the form of splitter prisms.

In a second example, the spatial beam combining means comprises a first RGB ray bundle and a second R ray bundle.
Keeping the GB beams split, but spatially combining them at a constant distance and a constant angle. As a result, the beam deflection of the two RGB bundles is carried out simultaneously, proceeding from one plane by means of separate deflection devices operating along the two axes. The controller produces a first signal and a second signal for controlling the modulator at the same time. However, the optical information thus generated is associated with different image points in the image. In this case, the first signal corresponds to the optical information for the image point indicated by the first RGB light flux, and the second signal corresponds to the optical information for the image point indicated by the second RGB light flux. . Therefore, the video information transmitted by the first signal and the video information transmitted by the second signal are such that the time shift Δt ₀ corresponds to the distance a ′ maintained by the two RGB light bundles on the projection surface. And, they are behind each other in time. This distance is defined by the integer n of the image points and / or the integer m of the lines and depends on the clock rate of the image points and / or lines determined by the video standard to be displayed. An exact description of the processing of the incoming signal for writing the image with the adjacent luminous flux is provided in German Patent (C1) 197 26 860.

Optical waveguides in the form of mirror devices or double fibers or coupled strip waveguide couplers can be used, for example, as spatial beam-coupling means. Two optical transmission fibers are firmly connected to each other at one end and can be modulated at the other end R
The use of a double fiber connected to one of the GB laser sources has advantages in terms of cost and light transmission efficiency.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a projector 100 for displaying background images and directed beam light. Light consisting of two light sources 10 and 10 'with an intensity of Φ _A (t) + Φ _B (t) is projected onto the projection surface 17 to be coaxially superimposed. A control computer 60, which either stores the video sequence or the video information is sent by an input signal E from an external source, is used to generate the background video and the directed beam of light. The control computer 60 generates the video signal A for the first light source 10. The video signal A includes a control signal for luminance modulation and color modulation corresponding to optical information for a background video together with the directed beam light. Further, the control computer 60 generates the video signal B for the second light source 10 '. The video signal B includes control signals for luminance modulation and color modulation, which correspond to optical information only for the directed light beam.

Further, the control computer 60 gives a signal for controlling the line mirror 11 (polygon mirror) 11 and the picture mirror 12 (tilt mirror) to the instantaneous angular positions σ and β of the picture mirror 11 and the line mirror 12, respectively. Signals are received from their subassemblies for synchronizing the modulation of the light sources 10 and 10 '.
As shown by a plurality of circles in FIG. 1, the luminous flux modulated and the color modulated by the intensity function Φ _A (t) (t = time) are linearly polarized. The luminous flux that is brightness-modulated and color-modulated by the intensity function Φ _B (t) is the same as Φ _A , as indicated by the dot (dash) in FIG.
It is linearly polarized orthogonal to (t).

The two light bundles are sent to a device 20 for combining the beams. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the device 20 is a polarizing prism which arranges light beams which are linearly polarized perpendicular to each other coaxially or collinearly.

Therefore, one individual collinear light beam collides with the line mirror 11 and is deflected in the line direction,
It collides with the picture mirror 12 and is deflected in the frame or picture direction. Converting optical lens 13 to increase the deflection angle, intensity projected to _{Ф A (t) + Ф B} (t) projected surface 17 to separate the luminance modulation and color modulated light beam is. Within a period T including the duration for writing a line, image information consisting of a line is written as an intensity distribution Φ _c {T} along the path of the line. This intensity distribution within the line is detected by the human eye. In this case, vision combines all the lines of the image plane described by such lines to form the impression of the image on its own.

FIG. 2 shows four functions that are related to each other and therefore have one function directly below another. The diagram σ (t) shows the deflection of the mirror surface of the line mirror within the line writing period T = (0 to 64 microseconds). The time shown is CCIR
It corresponds to the standards B and G. The optical information contained in the line is transmitted between 0 and 52 microseconds. The time from 52 microseconds to 64 microseconds is
It is the so-called dead time between jumping from one mirror surface to another for polygon mirrors or the recovery time for tilt mirrors.

As can be understood from the diagrams Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t), for example, Φ _A (t
Intensity-modifiable and color-modulatable RGB light source 10 as a function of time t
And R and R that can be modulated as a function of time t with respect to Φ _B (t)
The optical signal is transmitted only during the time interval from 0 microseconds to 52 microseconds, as illustrated by the white area representing the intensity of light with the GB light source 10 '.

The diagram Φ _C {T} shows the light intensity shown within the period T of the line perceived by the human eye as described above within the duration of the total image change. In this case, the white area again shows the intensity. It can be clearly seen that, for example, at time t ₁ , the intensity Φ _A (t ₁ ) is equal to 100%, the intensity Φ _B (t ₁ ) is equal to 100%, and these intensities are within the image period T at time t ₁ . Are superposed so that Φ _C (t ₁ ) = 200%.

Therefore, 200% of the maximum possible intensity of 100% in the actual image is at a certain image point of the line. Due to the non-linear and relative perception of intensity differences by the human eye, a very bright glowing spot, ie a directed beam of light, appears at this location in the image. In this case, the intensities Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t) of each light show the same image point n on the m-th line at the same time T. That is, the delay of the signal controlling the modulator is Δt _0.
Is equal to 0 microseconds.

However, at the image point where the directed beam of light is shown, the intensity does not necessarily have to be 200%. Any value between 100% and 200% can be accommodated, as shown at time t ₂ .

FIG. 3 shows another projector, which works with four spatially separated subassemblies for the simulation of background images and directed beam light. The four subassemblies include a control computer 60, two brightness modulation and color modulation R
Refers to the GB light sources 10, 10 'and the projection head 14. In this example, the projection head 14 includes a deflection system acting on two axes, a swivel mirror 18 mounted on a universal joint. Furthermore, a conversion optical lens 13 is provided which increases the deflection angle. The connection between the projection head 14 and the two light sources 10 and 10 'is made optically by means of the photoconductive fibers 5 and 5', and electrically and / or controlled by the supply and signal lines 9 and the data lines 6 and 6 '. Is done about. At the input position of the fiber plug connector 7, the respective photoconductive fibers 5 and 5'are provided.
Two sub-assemblies, RGB light sources 10, spatially independent of each other,
A simple, quick and adjustable connection between the 10 'and the projection head 14 is thus achieved. Electronic circuit units 8'and 8 are installed in each of the RGB light sources 10 and 10 '. The electronic circuit unit 8 includes an input module 3 for converting the video signal associated with this channel into a digital RGB video signal adapted to the device system.
0, a control circuit 50 for controlling the swivel mirror 18 for image point and line scanning, and a video operation unit 40 for controlling the modulator 2 executed in synchronization with beam deflection in two axes. . The electronic circuit unit 8'of the RGB light source 10 'has the same configuration.

The electronic circuit units 8 ′ and 8 are controlled by a computer 60 which delivers the image information E coming in or stored in the two RGB light sources 10 and 10 ′. Two
The two photoconductive fibers 5, 5'are spatially coupled in the projector 14 in the same way as they emit a light beam which exits in a given direction on a deflection system acting in two axes. Furthermore, the photoconductive fibers 5 and 5'are fixed to the carrier 20 so that they are oriented parallel to one another at a distance and form a so-called double fiber. In this example, the plane determined by the carrier 20 and fixing the ends of the photoconductive fibers 5, 5'corresponds to the direction of the lines in the image. Therefore, different image points are written at a temporal point within a line. The distance between two such image points on the projection surface 17 is defined by a'and corresponds to the distance of the integer n image points of the mth line.

Furthermore, a coupling optical lens 16 is provided which corresponds to the outputs of the photoconductive fibers 5 and 5 ′ on the carrier 10. Depending on the distance between the photoconductive fibers on the carrier 10 and the image characteristics of the coupling optical lens 16, the distance a between the two light beams on the projection surface 17
'Is determined. The distance a ′ is determined by multiplying the image point integer n by the distance between the image points,
Therefore, it is independent of the conversion optical lens and the projection distance. The construction of this type of subassembly, as well as an alternative solution, is described in detail in WO 98/59500.

The double fiber is for example produced in such a way that for a deflection system operating in two axes, the two adjusted RGB light bundles on the projection surface are in line at a distance a ′ of 45 pixels from each other. Oriented. Two collinear light fluxes are simultaneously written in a row next to each other. Each light beam is modulated such that accurate optical information is produced at each image point on the projection surface. In this case, the time delay of the two signals for modulation is 2 microseconds. This is done according to the invention in the manner described below with respect to FIG.

FIG. 4 illustrates four functions essential to writing individual lines with swivel mirror 18. The background image using the directed beam of light is generated by aligning a number of lines passing through 12 to form an image.

The diagram σ (t) shows the deflection of the swivel mirror within the period T of the line. The optical information contained in the line is transmitted during a time interval of 0 microseconds to 52 microseconds, the time interval of 52 microseconds to 64 microseconds is a dead time predetermined by the video standard.

As understood from the diagrams Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t), for example, Φ _A (t
) And the RGB light source 10 ′ with respect to φ _B (t) and the RGB light source 10 ′ with luminance-modulatable and color modulation with respect to Φ _B (t). The signal is transmitted only during the time interval from 0 microseconds to 52 microseconds. In this case, in contrast to FIG. 2, the shift of intensity Φ _A (t ₁ ) with respect to intensity Φ _B (t ₃ ) is represented by the delay time Δt ₀ = t ₁ −t ₃ = 2 μs.

The diagram Φ _C {T} shows the light intensity shown within the period T of the line as perceived by the human eye within the duration of the total image change. In this case, the white area again shows the intensity. It can be clearly seen that during the period T (during writing of the line) the intensity Φ _A
(T ₁ ) and strength Φ _B (t ₃ ) are superposed. Therefore, the image point for time t ₁ appears to the observer to have an intensity of 200%.

In this regard, the modulation of the light flux with intensity Φ _A needs to be offset by Δt ₀ time with respect to the modulation of the light flux with intensity Φ _B. In this regard, the delay time Δt ₀ is such that two light fluxes emerging from the photoconductive fibers spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in parallel and colliding with each other at a certain distance collide with the projection surface at a distance a ′ to generate optical information about each image point. As such, must be selected. Therefore, the image points are written one after another at the same image point position so as to be displaced by the time Δt ₀ , but the observer has the impression that the light flux intensities are summed at a given image point. To have. Since the perception of the intensity difference by the human eye is non-linear and relative, and therefore indivisible, a very bright glowing point, the directed beam of light, appears at that position in the image.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a projector that writes a background image and a directed beam of light with separate collinear RGB fluxes.

2 shows the waveform of the signal for the projector according to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a projector for writing a background image and a directed beam of light with two collinear RGB light fluxes arranged adjacent to each other.

4 shows a signal waveform for the projector according to FIG.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme code (reference) G09B 9/32 G09B 9/32 [Continued summary] and the second RGB luminous flux (Ф _A (t) and Ф _B (t)), each of the two RGB light flux (Ф _a (t) and Ф _B (t)) is to be superimposed with respect to strength in image point directed light beam is displayed, the two It is characterized in that it is simultaneously projected onto the projection surface by means of individual deflection devices (11, 12; 18) acting on axis.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A projector for simulating a background image with a directed beam of light, particularly with respect to a field of view from an aircraft or a ship, wherein a control device connected to a modulator of the projector has a signal for the background image and the directed beam. In the projector for generating a signal for light, the projector (100) has two light sources (10, 10 ').
) Each of the collinear RGB luminous fluxes (Φ _A (t) and Φ), which are luminance-modulated and color-modulated by the signals (A, B) from the control device (60) at a constant time ratio with respect to the other signals. _B (t)) is generated, and in the first light source (10), the first RGB luminous flux (Φ _A (t)) includes optical information for the background image (17) and optical information for the directed beam light. The modulator (2) is controlled by the first signal (A) and the second light source (10 ')
The RGB light flux Φ _B (t) of the modulator (
2 ') is controlled by the second signal (B), the projector (100) is further provided with beam combining means (20), and the first RGB luminous flux and the second RGB luminous flux (Φ _A (
t) and Φ _B (t)) are emitted from the beam combining means (20) to spatially combine, and the first RGB light flux and the second RGB light flux (Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t)). Is 2
Individual deflections acting on two axes such that each of the two RGB bundles (Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t)) is superposed in terms of intensity into the image point where the directed beam of light is displayed. A projector characterized in that it is simultaneously projected onto a projection surface by a device (11, 12; 18). 2. The first signal (Φ _A (t)) and the second signal (Φ _B (t)) of the same image point (n) on the same line (m) at a certain time point (t). The spatial beam combining means (20) generates one individual collinear RGB light flux from the first RGB light flux and the second RGB light flux, and the beam polarization (1
Projector according to claim 1, characterized in that 1, 12; 18) are carried out proceeding from the original point. 3. Projector according to claim 2, characterized in that the spatial beam combining means (20) are fiber couplers or strip waveguide couplers or optical coupling splitters in the form of splitter prisms. 4. A first signal (A) and a second signal generated at a time (t)
Signal (B) corresponds to optical information for a plurality of different image points in the background image (17), and the spatial beam combining means (20) and the first RGB luminous flux Φ _A (t) and 2 R
The GB light flux Φ _B (t) is spatially combined at a predetermined distance (a) and at a predetermined angle, so that the beam deflection of the two RGB light fluxes is independent of the individual deflection devices (1
1, 12; 18) proceed from one plane and proceed at the same time, and the video information transmitted by the first signal (A) and the second signal (B) is displaced with respect to time and its time shift (Δt ₀ ) Depends on the distance (a ′) between the two RGB rays (Φ _A (t) and Φ _B (t)) on the projection surface defined by the integer n of image points and / or the integer m of lines A projector according to claim 1, characterized in that it is also dependent on the clock rate of the image points and / or lines determined by the displayed video standard. 5. The spatial beam combining means (20) is characterized in that it is a mirror device or an optical waveguide in the form of a substrate with a double fiber or two strip waveguides joined together. The projector according to claim 4. 6. The deflection device acting on two axes is a swivel mirror (18) mounted on two axes, or a polygon mirror as a line mirror (11) and a tilt as a picture mirror (12). The projector according to claim 1, wherein the projector is a mirror.