JP2003340726A - Grinding tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grinding tool of directional abrasive grains and high uniformity and dispersibility for easily controlling the physical properties of the grinding tool. <P>SOLUTION: This grinding tool 30 comprises a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 with a plurality of abrasive grains 12 disposed in a substantially series manner to a grinding tool applying surface. The columnar abrasive grain units 10 are disposed continuously in a predetermined direction while a plurality of abrasive grains 12 are tightly brought close to each other. The grinding tool 30 formed by coupling the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 with each other has a predetermined directionality in the abrasive grain distribution, and the abrasive grains are distributed in this direction at high density. In addition, the physical properties of the grinding tool include adequate anisotropy according to the working direction and the loading direction by setting the directionality of the abrasive grain distribution to be substantially perpendicular to the grinding tool applying surface interfered with the working surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grindstone, and more particularly to a grindstone formed by fixing abrasive grains with a binder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a grindstone used for grinding an object to be processed has been manufactured by mixing hard abrasive grains and a powdery binder, and firing or bonding the mixture.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional grindstone, the distribution of the abrasive grains inside the grindstone is a probabilistic one that depends on the mixed state of the abrasive grains and the binder, the firing / bonding conditions, and the like. Therefore, the adjustment was very difficult. Therefore, there is a problem in that the grain distribution cannot be given a predetermined directionality. Therefore, it was not possible to improve the processing performance of the grindstone by giving the distribution of the abrasive grains directivity according to the processing direction and the load direction.

Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to disperse the abrasive grains substantially uniformly in the grindstone. As a result, the distribution of the abrasive grains becomes uneven, which causes a reduction in the accuracy of the grindstone. Further, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the physical properties of the grindstone such as the degree of concentration, the porosity and the density ratio.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of conventional grindstones, and an object of the present invention is to have a directional distribution of abrasive grains, high uniformity and dispersibility, and physical properties of the grindstone. It is to provide a new and improved grindstone capable of easily controlling the grinding wheel.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of columnar abrasive grains in which a plurality of abrasive grains are arranged substantially in series with a grindstone working surface. A grindstone is provided, which is characterized by comprising a unit.

With this structure, the columnar abrasive grain unit is
It is possible to arrange a plurality of abrasive grains side by side in a predetermined direction while closely contacting each other. Therefore, inside the grindstone formed by combining a plurality of such columnar abrasive grain units, it is possible to give the abrasive grain distribution a predetermined directionality and distribute the abrasive grains in a high density state in this direction. . Furthermore, it is preferable that the direction of the distribution of the abrasive grains be substantially perpendicular to the working surface of the grindstone that interferes with the processed surface. As a result, the physical property value of the grindstone with respect to the load applied in the direction substantially perpendicular to the working surface becomes a high value close to the physical property value of the abrasive grains themselves, so that the ease of cutting the abrasive grains into the processed surface can be improved. On the other hand, the physical property value of the grindstone under the load in the direction substantially horizontal to the working surface is a low physical property value that depends on the strength of the bonding layer and the adhesive force between the abrasive grains, so the abrasive grains are easily separated and The action is enhanced.

If the columnar abrasive grain unit is composed of the outer thin tube and a plurality of abrasive grains packed in the outer thin tube together with the fixing material, the outer thin tube is made of the abrasive grain and the fixing material. The abrasive grains can be suitably fixed by coating from the periphery. Therefore, the columnar abrasive grain unit can stably maintain the directionality of the abrasive grain distribution. Further, the fixing material functions as a binder, a filler, etc., and can fill the gap between the outer capillary and the abrasive grains or the gap between the abrasive grains to fix the abrasive grains.

Further, if the outer thin tube contains a binder, a binder is produced by melting the outer thin tube, and the columnar abrasive grain units adjacent to each other can be bonded by using this binder. Therefore, when a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units are connected to each other to form a grindstone, it is possible to save or eliminate the use of a new binder.

Further, if the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units are configured to be inserted and connected to the segments, the segment functions as a base for fixing the inserted columnar abrasive grain units. Therefore, by inserting and fixing a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units in such a segment, the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units are indirectly connected through the segments, so that a grindstone having a direction of abrasive grain distribution can be obtained. It can be easily formed.

Further, the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units are
If the columnar abrasive grain units are arranged in the segment at substantially equal intervals, the columnar abrasive grain units are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the segment, so that the uniformity and dispersibility of the abrasive grain distribution in the entire grindstone can be obtained.

Further, if the columnar abrasive grain unit is configured to be inserted and fixed in the through hole formed in the segment, the columnar abrasive grain unit can be easily fixed to the segment only by inserting it into the through hole. it can. Furthermore, by forming a plurality of through holes in a direction perpendicular to the working surface, it becomes easy to align and fix a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units in substantially the same vertical direction.

Further, if the through hole is formed by firing the segment in which a plurality of rods are embedded and burning out the rods, the through hole can be easily and suitably formed.

If the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units and the plurality of columnar grain units are combined together, the columnar abrasive grain units mainly form an abrasive grain layer in the grindstone. The columnar unit is mainly composed of a binder and does not contain abrasive grains, and forms a bonding layer in the grindstone. Therefore, the density of the abrasive grains in the grindstone, that is, the degree of concentration can be easily controlled by adjusting the ratio of the columnar abrasive grain units forming the grindstone to the columnar units. Further, the distribution mode of the abrasive grains in the grindstone can be easily controlled by adjusting the arrangement of the columnar abrasive grain units and the columnar units.

If the plurality of columnar units are hollow thin tubes, the grindstone can contain a plurality of voids inside. Therefore, since the grindstone can be provided with pores on the working surface, it is possible to improve the discharging property of the chips generated during processing. Further, by adjusting the ratio of the columnar units included in the grindstone, the porosity of the grindstone can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the voids in the grindstone.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Referring to the accompanying drawings,
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In the present specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

(First Embodiment) A grindstone according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

First, the structure of the grindstone according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of the grindstone 30 according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, a grindstone 30 is composed of a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 which are abrasive grain layers and a segment (base) 20 which is a bonding layer.

The columnar abrasive grain unit 10 has, for example, a plurality of abrasive grains 12 arranged in a substantially serial arrangement and fixed therein so that the distribution of the abrasive grains 12 has, for example, a substantially rod-like shape.
It is a substantially acicular or fibrous abrasive layer. This columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is a major feature of this embodiment,
Details will be described later.

The segment 20 is a bonding layer made of a binder or the like, and has a function as a base for fixing the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10. The binder that constitutes this segment 20 is, for example, phenol resin,
Resin bond made of thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin and polyimide resin, metal bond made of metal powder such as Cu and Ni, metal resin bond combining both, vitrified bond made of soluble viscosity, or natural or synthetic For example, a rubber bond made of rubber or the like. The segment 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a portion of the entire grindstone 30 having, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the segment 20 is not limited to such a shape and size.

The segment 20 has a plurality of through holes 22 formed in a predetermined direction, for example.
The columnar abrasive grain unit 10 inserted in 2 can be held and fixed. The diameter of the through hole 22 is adjusted according to the diameter and shape of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 so that the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 can be fitted and fixed appropriately.

Further, it is preferable that the through hole 22 is formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the machined surface of the workpiece (that is, the working surface of the grindstone 30 that interferes with the machined surface). . With such a configuration, the segment 20 can fix the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 in a direction in which the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially perpendicular to the processing surface. For this reason,
A plurality of abrasive grains 12 can be distributed in the grindstone 30 with a directionality substantially perpendicular to the processed surface.

Here, the through hole 22 is formed into the segment 2
An example of the method of forming the film 0 will be described. First, a plurality of rods (not shown) made of carbon or the like having a shape corresponding to the target through hole 22 are embedded in the segment 20, and then the segment 20 is fired, for example, by firing the segment 20. As a result, the portion where the rod is embedded becomes hollow, and the through hole 22 can be formed in the segment 20.

Next, based on FIGS. 1 and 2, the columnar abrasive grain unit, which is a feature of this embodiment, will be described in detail. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 includes, for example, a plurality of abrasive grains 12 and a fixing material 1.
4 and an outer thin tube 16.

The abrasive grains 12 are, for example, silicon carbide (C, G
C), alumina (A, WA, PA, HAAE, AZ, S
G) and other general abrasive grains, diamond (D, SD), cubic boron nitride (CBN) and other superabrasive grains, and the like. The grain size of the abrasive grains 12 may be any grain size, regardless of whether it is a coarse grain or a fine grain.

The fixing material 14 is a filler packed in the inside of the outer thin tube 16 together with the abrasive grains 12, and by filling the gap between the abrasive grains 12 or the gap between the abrasive grains 12 and the outer thin tube 16, the above-mentioned abrasive grains It has a function of fixing 12.
This fixing material 16 is, for example, various binders, solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, auxiliary materials used for coating,
It is composed of a single substance or a mixture of powders or solids made of a filler such as carbon, zirconia, silica or alumina.

The outer thin tube 16 is, for example, a tubular member having a fine diameter, and has the abrasive grains 12 and the fixing material 14 filled therein.
It has a function of covering and holding. This outer thin tube 16
The cross-sectional shape in the lateral direction is, for example, a substantially circular shape as shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited to this example, and may be any shape such as a substantially square shape, a substantially polygonal shape, or a substantially elliptical shape. The outer thin tube 16 can be made of any material such as glass, various resins, metals, or various binders, and the adhesion strength with the abrasive grains 12, the wettability with respect to the abrasive grains 12, and the binder. It is preferably determined in consideration of the adhesiveness with and the like.

As the material of the outer thin tube 16 and / or the fixing material 14 (hereinafter referred to as the outer thin tube 16 etc.), SD, CBN etc. are coated (coated) and coated abrasive grains such as SDC, CBNC etc. A coating material (for example, nickel, copper, etc.) used for the above may be applied. As a result, the outer thin tube 16 etc.
It can also function as a coating agent for increasing the holding power of the abrasive grains 12.

The columnar abrasive grain unit 1 having the above structure
No. 0 has a structure in which a plurality of abrasive grains 12 are densely arranged in contact with each other and the group of abrasive grains 12 is covered and held by the fixing material 14 and the outer capillary tube 16 from the surroundings. With such a structure, the plurality of abrasive grains 12 are arranged in, for example, one direction (that is, the longitudinal direction of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10) substantially in series. Therefore, by connecting a plurality of such columnar abrasive grain units 10 to form the grindstone 30, it is possible to give directionality to the distribution of the abrasive grains 12 inside the grindstone 30.

When manufacturing such a columnar abrasive grain unit 10, for example, first, a hollow tube (not shown) having a certain inner diameter is filled with the abrasive grains 12 and the fixing material 14. Next, this hollow tube is stretched to the thickness of the outer thin tube 16 as described above to form, for example, a fine rod-shaped or substantially fibrous continuous structure. Further, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is obtained by cutting this structure into an arbitrary length.

During such manufacturing, the abrasive grains 1 to be packed
2, the mixing ratio of the fixing material 14, the shape of the hollow tube (outer diameter and inner diameter, etc.) or the drawing ratio when the hollow tube is stretched (that is, the diameter of the hollow tube and the diameter of the outer thin tube 16). It is preferable to adjust the ratio). This makes it possible to control the thickness or shape of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10, the proportion of the abrasive grains 12 included, the array state or the covering state, etc., according to the diameter of the abrasive grains 12 or the like.

Next, the features of the grindstone constituted by the columnar abrasive grain unit and the segment according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing the working surface of the grindstone 30 according to the present embodiment (the surface that interferes with the workpiece and grinds the processed surface, for example).

As shown in FIG. 3, the grindstone 30 is fixed by inserting a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 into the segment 20 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the working surface (ie, in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 3). ing. Since each of the columnar abrasive grain units 10 has the internal abrasive grains 12 arranged with a predetermined directionality as described above, the distribution of the abrasive grains 12 as a whole of the grindstone 30 has a predetermined directionality (for example, Can have a directionality substantially perpendicular to the processed surface).

Further, the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 are, for example, evenly arranged at a predetermined interval from each other.
A segment 20 not containing the abrasive grains 12 exists between them. In this way, by arranging the columnar abrasive grain units 10 at, for example, substantially equal intervals, the abrasive grains 12 for performing the grinding process can be dispersed, for example, substantially evenly within the working surface of the grindstone 30. That is, the grindstone 30 has sufficient uniformity and dispersibility of the abrasive grains 12 in a direction substantially parallel to the working surface, for example. Therefore, unlike the conventional grindstone, the amount of grinding does not vary due to the position of the surface to be processed due to the difference in the density of the abrasive grain distribution, and the entire surface can be ground substantially uniformly.

Furthermore, since the interval between the columnar abrasive grain units 10 can be adjusted by the position where the through hole 22 is formed, the existence ratio of the abrasive grain layer and the bonding layer on the working surface can be easily adjusted. Further, as described above, the ratio of the abrasive grains 12 contained in the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 can be increased or decreased depending on the mixing ratio of the abrasive grains 12 and the fixing material 14.
By these, the ratio of the abrasive grains 12 in the whole grindstone 30,
That is, the degree of concentration can be controlled. Therefore, the grindstone 3
The density of the abrasive grains 12 exposed on the zero working surface can be adjusted, and the processing performance of the grindstone 30 can be changed.

Further, the adhesion strength with the abrasive grains 12, the wettability with respect to the abrasive grains 12, the adhesiveness between the segments 20 and the abrasive grains 12, etc. can be controlled by suitably selecting the material of the outer thin tube 16 or the like. You can also For example, as described above, by forming the outer thin tube 16 and the like with a coating material and coating the abrasive grains 12, the adhesiveness between the segment 20 and the abrasive grains 12 can be enhanced. As a result, the abrasive grains 12
The holding power of the grindstone is further strengthened, and the heat resistance and heat dissipation of the grindstone 30 can be improved.

As described above, the grindstone 30 has the segment 20
By including the outer thin tube 16 and the like, the abrasive grains 12
Besides, for example, it may have two or more material layers. Therefore, the physical properties of the outer thin tube 16 and the segment 20 can be added separately from the retention of the abrasive grains 12.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the operation of the columnar abrasive grain unit during the grinding process using the grindstone according to the present embodiment will be described. Note that FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing a stress relationship in the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 when a vertical load is applied, and FIG. 4B is a columnar abrasive grain unit when a horizontal load is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the stress relationship in 10. Further, in FIG. 4, the thick arrow indicates the columnar abrasive grain unit 1
0 represents the direction of the load acting on 0, and the thin arrow represents the direction of the stress acting in the columnar abrasive grain unit 10.

As shown in FIG. 4A, when a vertical load (longitudinal load) acts on the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 whose one end is in contact with the workpiece 40, the columnar abrasive grain unit 1
Inside 0, compressive stress acts in the longitudinal direction. In this case, since the abrasive grains 12 are in contact with each other or are extremely close to each other and are arranged in a substantially serial shape in the load direction, the physical property value of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 with respect to the compressive stress is possessed by the material itself constituting the abrasive grains 12. It will be close to the physical property value.

For example, the Young's modulus as an example of the physical property value will be described. The Young's modulus of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 as a whole is as follows. Is about 1000 GPa, for example. Further, even when general abrasive grains are used as the abrasive grains 12, for example, several hundreds
About GPa can be secured. The value of Young's modulus is
This is a very high value as compared with the general Young's modulus of a binder such as glass or metal (for example, about several tens of GPa) and Young's modulus of resin bond (for example, about several GPa). Therefore, it can be said that the compressive strength in the longitudinal direction of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is much higher than the compressive strength of the conventional grindstone.

As described above, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is extremely hard against a vertical load. Therefore, the grindstone 30 configured by the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 has an improved resistance to the indentation deformation into the workpiece 40, and as a result, the cutting performance of the abrasive grain 12 with respect to the machined surface can be improved. it can.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), when a horizontal load (a load in the lateral direction) acts on, for example, the lower end of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10, it is Shear stress acts in the lateral direction. Such shear stress acts, for example, to peel off the lowermost abrasive grain 12 from the fixing material 14 and the outer capillary tube 16, or to crush the fixing material 14 and the outer capillary tube 16. In this case, the physical property value of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is the physical property value of the fixing material 14 and the outer capillary tube 16 itself, or the fixing material 14
It depends on the adhesion force and the like at the interface between the abrasive grains 12 and the abrasive grains 12, and can take a completely different physical property value, for example, which is completely different from the case of the vertical load.

Therefore, the fixing material 14 and the outer thin tube 1
If, for example, a material having excellent crushability or a material having low adhesion strength with the abrasive grains 12 is used as the abrasive 6, the abrasive grains 1
2 easily falls off and the blade action becomes active. further,
Since the plurality of abrasive grains 12 are closely arranged, even if the abrasive grains 12 at the lower end fall off, the next abrasive grain 12 can be immediately exposed on the working surface, and the blade cutting action is further improved. Due to the excellent blade cutting action of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 as described above, the processing performance and processing accuracy of the grindstone 30 are improved.

As described above, since the grindstone 30 using the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 has a directional distribution of the abrasive grains 12, it is possible to realize different physical property values depending on the load direction.
That is, the physical properties of the grindstone 30 have anisotropy. Therefore, for example, by appropriately adjusting the anisotropy of the physical properties of the grindstone 30 according to the processing mode, the processing direction, the type and finish shape of the workpiece, the grindstone 30 efficiently and effectively removes the abrasive grains 12. It can be arranged effectively and the processing performance can be improved.

Next, a concrete example of a grindstone to which the columnar abrasive grain unit according to the present embodiment is applied will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that FIG. 5A shows a grinder grindstone 30a to which the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 according to the present embodiment is applied.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the above and an enlarged view of the cutting edge portion,
FIG. 5B shows the columnar abrasive grain unit 1 according to this embodiment.
It is the front view which shows the blade 30b to which 0 was applied, and the explanatory view which expanded the edge part.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a grinder grinding wheel (grinding wheel) 30a is, for example, a substantially cylindrical polishing or grinding grindstone provided in a surface grinder or the like, and has a cutting edge portion. A plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 are provided. The plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 are arranged, for example, at substantially equal intervals in substantially the same direction such that the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially perpendicular to the workpiece 40.

With such a structure, the grindstone 3 for the grinder
As a whole, the abrasive grains 12 contained therein can have a directionality in a direction substantially perpendicular to the processed surface, and the uniformity and dispersibility of the abrasive grains 12 are excellent. Therefore, the grinder grindstone 30a can suitably grind and polish the workpiece 40.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the blade 30b is, for example, a substantially ring-shaped grinding or cutting grindstone provided in a dicing device or the like, and has a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 at the cutting edge. Equipped with. The plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 have, for example, a substantially uniform center angle in a direction in which their longitudinal directions are substantially perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the blade 30b (that is, a normal direction of the ring shape). It is arranged for each. Therefore, the blade 30b
As a whole, the abrasive grains 12 contained in the cutting edge portion are distributed with a directionality that spreads substantially radially toward the outer peripheral surface.

With this configuration, when the blade 30b is rotated at a high speed to cut the workpiece 40, the abrasive grains 12 reaching the processing point have the same principle as that described with reference to FIG. On the other hand, it is possible to cut into the work piece 40, while the work piece 40 is easily removed by a tangential load. Therefore, since the abrasive grains 12 on the outer peripheral surface can effectively scrape off the workpiece 40, the blade 30b can suitably cut the workpiece 40.

(Second Embodiment) Next, the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The grindstone 30 according to the embodiment will be described. The grindstone 30 according to the second embodiment is different from the grindstone 30 according to the first embodiment in that an aspect in which a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 are combined is different and in that a columnar unit is used. Since the other functional configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

First, the structure of the grindstone according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the structure of the grindstone 30 according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, the grindstone 30 comprises a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 having substantially the same construction as the first embodiment.
And a plurality of columnar units 50, which is a feature of this embodiment.

The columnar unit 50 is, for example, a hollow thin tube having substantially the same shape and size as the outer thin tube 16, and has, for example, a void inside. The cross-sectional shape of the columnar unit 50 is, for example, substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the outer thin tube 16 described above, for example, a substantially circular shape (donut shape) as shown in FIG. The inner / outer diameter difference of the cross section of the columnar unit 50 is determined according to the size of the required pores, but may be substantially the same as the inner / outer diameter difference of the outer thin tube 16, for example.

The columnar unit 50 can be made of any material such as glass, various resins, metals or various binders like the outer thin tube 16,
It is preferable to contain a binder. The columnar unit 50, unlike the columnar abrasive grain unit 10, does not contain the abrasive grains 12 therein.

The columnar unit 50 functions as a bonding layer for bonding the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 to each other by the added binder or the binder produced by melting itself. Further, since the columnar unit 50 is, for example, hollow, it is possible to provide a void inside the grindstone 30 to form the pore 52.

A plurality of columnar units 5 having the above structure
The grindstone 30 is formed by bundling 0 and a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 with their respective longitudinal directions aligned and connecting them to each other by, for example, an added binder. At the time of such connection, instead of adding a binder, the surfaces of the outer thin tube 16 and the columnar unit 50 of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 are melted, and the columnar units 50 adjacent to each other are melted by the binder contained in both of them, for example. Alternatively, the columnar abrasive grain units 10 may be joined together. This saves binder and reduces the time and effort of adding binder between both units,
The manufacturing of the grindstone 30 becomes easy and efficient.

Further, the grindstone 30 is the columnar abrasive grain unit 10
Further, it is preferable to set the direction of the working surface so that the longitudinal direction of the columnar unit 50 is substantially perpendicular to the processing surface. As a result, the abrasive grains 12 arranged in a substantially series shape inside the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 can have a directivity that is substantially perpendicular to the machined surface. Such physical anisotropy of the grindstone 30 can be realized, and the processing performance is improved.

Next, the characteristics of the grindstone 30 according to the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view showing the working surface of the grindstone 30 according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7, on the working surface of the grindstone 30, the cross sections of the columnar abrasive grain units 10 and the columnar units 50 are alternately arranged, for example, in substantially the same pattern. Therefore, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10, which is an abrasive grain layer,
It is not unevenly distributed in the grindstone 30 and is distributed, for example, substantially evenly over the entire working surface. Therefore, the abrasive grains 12 that interfere with the workpiece 40 can have uniformity and dispersibility on the working surface.

By adjusting the number of columnar abrasive grain units 10 and columnar units 50 to be mixed, the density of the abrasive grains 12 on the working surface can be adjusted. That is, if the ratio of the columnar unit 50 to the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 (hereinafter, referred to as the mixing ratio of the columnar unit 50) is increased, the density of the abrasive grains 12 is lowered, while the mixing ratio of the columnar unit 50 is reduced. If it is decreased, the density of the abrasive grains 12 becomes higher. The degree of concentration of the grindstone 30 can be controlled by combining the adjustment of the mixing ratio of the columnar unit 50 and the adjustment of the mixing ratio of the abrasive grains 12 and the fixing material 14 as described above.

Further, since the columnar unit 50 is hollow, it is possible to form pores 52 as voids between the abrasive grain layer and the bonding layer in the grindstone 30. For this reason, during machining with the grindstone 30, the pores 52 exposed on the working surface function as, for example, chip pockets, and the dischargeability of chips generated by grinding can be improved (the chips can escape). Further, the porosity, which is the existing density of the pores 52, can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the mixing ratio of the columnar units 50 and the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter. The distribution of the pores 52 can also be controlled by adjusting the arrangement of the columnar units 50.

As described above, the grindstone 3 according to the present embodiment
0 is similar to the grindstone 30 according to the first embodiment,
The distribution of the abrasive grains 30 can be made directional, the abrasive grains 12 can be uniformly dispersed on the working surface, and effective processing can be realized by the anisotropy of the physical properties of the grindstone 30. Further, the grindstone 3 according to the present embodiment
With 0, the pores 52 can be preferably formed in the grindstone 30, and the physical properties of the grindstone 30 such as the porosity and the degree of concentration can be easily controlled.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and naturally, these are also within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that it belongs.

For example, in the above-described first embodiment, an example of the segment 20 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape (shown in FIG. 1) has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
For example, the segment 20 may have any shape such as a substantially flat plate shape, a curved shape, or a shape having a partial cutout, depending on the application of the grindstone 30. Further, the through holes 22 of the segment 20 do not necessarily need to be formed at substantially equal intervals, and the direction of the through holes 22 may be any direction. Further, the method of forming the through hole 22 is not limited to the above method. The holes formed in the segment 20 are not limited to the through holes 22 and may be non-through holes.

Further, in the first embodiment, when the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is joined to the segment 20, the method of inserting the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 into the through hole 22 and fixing it is used. It is not limited to such an example. For example,
After forming the relatively soft segment 20 in which the through hole 22 is not formed, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is pushed into the segment 20 and then fired to form the columnar abrasive grain unit 10. A method of connecting the segments 20 may be used.

Although the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is fixed by using the segment 20 in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, a plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 are arranged at a predetermined interval, for example, and then a binder or the like is filled between the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units 10 and fired to form the columnar abrasive grains. The unit 10 may be fixed in the bonding layer.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the columnar abrasive grain units 10 are evenly arranged on the whole grindstone 30 to obtain the uniformity / dispersion of the distribution of the abrasive grains 12, but the present invention is not limited to this example. . For example, in the grindstone 30, the columnar abrasive grain units 10 are densely arranged in a certain part, while the columnar abrasive grain units 10 are roughly arranged in another part so that the abrasive grains 12 contained in the grindstone 30 are You may dare make a difference in distribution density.

Further, in the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 according to the above-described embodiment, the plurality of abrasive grains 12 are arranged in the outer thin tube 16 in, for example, one row in a substantially series, but the present invention is limited to such an example. Not done. For example, as shown in FIG.
The abrasive grains 12 may be arranged in the outer thin tube 16 in a plurality of rows, such as two rows, three rows, etc., in a substantially serial form. With such a configuration, the distribution of the abrasive grains 12 can be given, for example, a directivity in a predetermined direction in the grindstone 30 as a whole.

In the above embodiment, the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 has the fixing material 14 and the outer capillary tube 16, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The columnar abrasive grain unit 10 may be any one in which a plurality of abrasive grains 12 are arranged and fixed in a substantially series form, and for example, as shown in FIG. Abrasive grains 12 are enclosed so that they are arranged in a substantially series form, for example, rod-shaped,
It may have a needle-like or fibrous structure.

A method of manufacturing the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 in such another mode (FIG. 9) will be described with a specific example. The columnar abrasive grain unit 10 of the above-described another embodiment uses, for example, two kinds of resin solutions A and B capable of producing a bonding layer, suspends the abrasive grains 12 in the resin solution A, and then, in the other resin solution B. Then, the resin solution A can be extruded from the nozzle to be manufactured.
Further, for example, an unpolymerized resin solution C in which abrasive grains 12 are suspended
Can also be produced by polymerizing while drawing out from the nozzle into the air. The resin solution is, for example, a solution containing a thermosetting synthetic resin such as a two-liquid type epoxy resin or polyimide as a main raw material. In this manufacturing method,
By changing the mixing concentration of the resin solution, it is possible to control the ratio, arrangement, and coating state of the abrasive grains 12 contained in the columnar abrasive grain unit 10, and the shape of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the extrusion nozzle diameter. Can be controlled according to the diameter of the abrasive grains 12 or the like.

In the above embodiment, the grindstone 30a and the blade 30b are described as an example of the grindstone 30 to which the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 is applied, but the present invention is not limited to such an example. For example, grinding, polishing,
Various grindstones 30 having an arbitrary shape, size, and application may be used as long as they are capable of cutting or cutting. In addition, the grinder stone 30a and the blade 3
The installation direction and the installation position of the columnar abrasive grain unit 10 provided at 0b are not limited to the example shown in FIG.

The cross-sectional shape of the columnar unit 50 in the lateral direction is not limited to the substantially circular shape as shown in FIG.
It may have any shape such as a substantially polygonal shape or a substantially elliptical shape. Also,
The void inside the columnar unit 50 may also have any shape and diameter, and one columnar unit 50 may have a plurality of voids formed therein, for example. Further, the columnar unit 50 may be formed entirely of a porous material, instead of forming voids therein, so that the porosity of the grindstone 30 can be adjusted.

[0075]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to give directionality to the distribution of abrasive grains in the grindstone. Since the abrasive grain distribution has a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the machined surface, the physical properties of the grindstone have a suitable anisotropy according to the machined state. Improves the blade cutting action. Further, the abrasive grains can be uniformly dispersed in the grindstone, and a substantially uniform pore distribution can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to easily control the physical properties of the grindstone such as concentration and porosity. From the above,
The abrasive grains can be efficiently and effectively arranged, and the processing performance and processing quality of the grindstone are improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a grindstone according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a columnar abrasive grain unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a working surface of the grindstone according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing a stress relationship in a columnar abrasive grain unit when a vertical load is applied. Figure 4
(B) is an explanatory view showing a stress relationship in the columnar abrasive grain unit when a horizontal load is applied.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a grindstone for a grinder to which the columnar abrasive grain unit according to the first embodiment is applied, and an explanatory view in which a cutting edge portion is enlarged. Figure 5 (b)
FIG. 4A is a front view showing a blade to which the columnar abrasive grain unit according to the first embodiment is applied, and an explanatory view in which a blade tip portion is enlarged.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a structure of a grindstone according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view showing a working surface of the grindstone according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a columnar abrasive grain unit according to another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a columnar abrasive grain unit according to still another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Columnar abrasive grain unit 12: Abrasive grain 14: Fixing material 16: Capillary tube 20: Segment 22: Through hole 30: Whetstone 30a: Grinding wheel for grinder 30b: blade 40: Workpiece 50: Columnar unit 52: Pore

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A grindstone comprising a plurality of columnar grain units in which a plurality of abrasive grains are arranged substantially in series with a grindstone working surface. 2. The columnar abrasive grain unit includes an outer thin tube,
2. The plurality of abrasive grains packed together with a fixing material inside the outer thin tube,
The whetstone described in. 3. The grindstone according to claim 2, wherein the outer capillary tube contains a binder. 4. The grindstone according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units are inserted into a segment and coupled to each other. 5. The grindstone according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of columnar abrasive grain units and the plurality of columnar units are combined with each other. 6. The grindstone according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of columnar units are hollow thin tubes.