JP2003340462A - Cleaning apparatus for cloudy water of river produced in sand discharge of dam - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To clean the sludge water flowing out of a sand discharge gate of a dam lake by inpouring a flocculating material for separating contaminants and water into the sludge water flowing out of the sand discharge gate and sufficiently agitating both by the turbulence produced behind agitating columns built in a river. <P>SOLUTION: The subject apparatus is provided with a feeding section for inpouring the flocculating material making floc which is the lump of the contaminants into the sludge water flowing out of the sand discharge gate of the dam lake and is provided with the agitating columns for agitating the sludge water and the flocculating agent in the river. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for purifying muddy water in a river, which is generated when sand is discharged from a dam, for purifying turbidity of water generated when a sediment of a dam is discharged from a sand discharge gate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various things flow from upstream in a dam lake. Not to mention mud and sand, rocks and stones flow during heavy rain, and broken trees flow during typhoons. In autumn, dead leaves flow and these sink to the bottom of the dam lake. After many years,
The sediments make the dam lake shallower and cannot serve as a dam lake for storing water.

For this reason, there is a dam provided with a sand discharging gate near the bottom of the dam's embankment, which allows the sediment deposited at the bottom of the dam lake to flow downstream. FIG. 6 shows a dam lake in which the sand discharging gate 10 is provided on the embankment 1. In this dam lake, two-thirds of the water storage capacity is filled with sediment 6. When the valve 11 provided in the sand discharging gate 10 is opened here, the sediment 6 accumulated at the bottom of the dam lake is flowed to the downstream side, so that it can play the original role of the dam for storing a large amount of water.

[0004]

However, when the valve 11 of the sand discharging gate 10 for causing the sediment 6 to flow downstream is opened, sand and stones are caused to flow downstream together with the blackened sludge water. At the bottom of the dam lake, organic matter such as dead leaves undergoes anaerobic fermentation to generate hydrogen sulfide, which is harmful to living organisms, and the water containing this is discharged downstream. I saw on TV when I opened the sand removal gate on the Kurobe River, but the blackened sludge water was black not only on the river but also on the sea. Perhaps the fish, shrimp, and other living creatures that had inhabited downstream from the dam were all destroyed. This damage affects the sea, and flounders and anglers are unfished from the day when the sand removal gate 10 is opened. It is presumed that the sand will not recover unless the sand removal gate 10 is opened for more than 10 years. Although fishermen in rivers and seas are compensated for fishing, they cannot compensate for the nature of destroyed rivers and seas.

If dredging the sludge accumulated on the bottom of the dam lake, it is not necessary to drain the sludge downstream, but it is not possible to dredge all the sludge. In addition, there is no place to put dredged malodorous sludge, and it takes a great deal of money to treat it as harmless. Dredging is only more beneficial than not doing it.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. The sand discharging gate 10 is opened and sludge-forming sediments 6 accumulated at the bottom of a dam lake are downstream. Even if it is to be flushed, the purpose is to separate the sludge and the water that have sludged by the action of the flocculant, and to purify the purified water to the downstream side, and to minimize the adverse effects of flushing the sludge. I am trying.

For the above-mentioned purpose, in the present invention, as the first part thereof, a coagulant charging section for coagulating pollutants in water mixed with sludge water discharged from a sand discharging gate of a dam, and a coagulant charging step into a river. It is assumed that a large number of agitation columns for agitating the flocculant and sludge water are provided, and as a second aspect, agglomeration for aggregating pollutants in the water mixed in the sludge water discharged from the sand discharge gate of the dam. An agent input section, a large number of agitation columns that agitate the flocculant and sludge water that are thrown into the river, and a separator that separates flocs, which are lumps of pollutants created by the action of the flocculant, and water. And that the separator used here is a centrifuge, and that the stirring column that stands in the river is a triangular prism, and that the fifth is that of the river. The stirring column inside is facing the direction of water flow. And that there is a obliquely arranged,
As No. 6, it is assumed that the agitation columns in the river are arranged in a “V” shape that spreads downwards in the river.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. In Fig. 1, a sand discharge gate 10 provided on the embankment 1 of the dam lake is opened, and the water of this dam lake and the sediment accumulated at the bottom simultaneously pass through the sand discharge gate 10 and flow downstream. A side view of the embankment 1 is shown, and FIG. 2 shows the bank 1 viewed from the downstream side at this time. This dam is provided with two outlets 9 through which the normal water 5 flows downstream. Since the sand discharge gate 10 is open, the water level of the dam lake is lowered, and no water is discharged from the discharge port 9. Below the center of the embankment 1 of this dam, there are sediments 6 deposited in the dam lake.
A sand removal gate 10 is provided for flowing the water downstream. A warehouse 2 for storing a flocculant for mixing the flocculant into the sludge water discharged from the sand flush gate 10 is provided on the sand flush gate 10, and a hopper for feeding the flocculate into the warehouse 2. Is provided. Below the warehouse 2, a guiding pipe 3 is provided for the flocculating agent to the sand discharging gate 10. Many stirring columns 8 stand in the river under the embankment 1.

At the bottom of the dam lake shown in FIG.
Compared to the bottom of the dam lake indicated by
Is decreasing. This is because the sand discharge gate 10 provided below the embankment 1 was opened, and the sediment was discharged downstream together with the stored water. Organic substances such as leaves are anaerobically decomposed in the precipitate 6, and sludge is formed as described above.

Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the sludge-like sediment 6 discharged from the sand discharge gate 10 provided in the embankment 1 is internally mixed so that a coagulant for coagulating pollutants is mixed therein. There is provided a warehouse 2 containing a coagulant, which is provided with a hopper, and a pipe 3 for guiding the coagulant to the drainage gate 10. When the flocculant is put into the hopper in the warehouse 2, the flocculant is carried to the top of the sand discharge gate 10 through the pipe 3 and mixed with the earth and sand discharged from here.

Various coagulants have been developed today.
Mainly developed for aggregating heavy metals, mainly agglomerated for organic substances have been developed. There are also artificially made polymer flocculants and natural shell fossil powder flocculants. These are the results developed to clear the industrial wastewater because it was regulated. The flocculant used in this example is natural, does not contain harmful substances such as heavy metals, and does not adversely affect animals such as fish and plants such as aquatic plants even when flowing into a river. Moreover, it has an immediate effect, and when it is mixed with sludge, the pollutants settle immediately.

When the aggregating material falls through the pipe 3, the aggregating agent is mixed with the water and the sediment 6 discharged from the sand discharging gate 10. However, with this alone, the aggregating material is not sufficiently mixed with the water or the sediment 6 flowing out from the sand discharging gate 10. Therefore, many agitation pillars 8 are provided in the river downstream of the embankment 1.
Was built. In FIGS. 3 and 4, many stirring columns 7 and 8 are shown.
Time is shown flowing between. Compared with the case where the stirring column 8 is not provided here, more turbulent flow is generated in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the degree of stirring of the precipitate 6 and the coagulant is increased. If the degree of agitation increases, the action of the coagulant becomes more effective, a large amount of flocs, which are a mass of pollutants, are formed, and the flowing water is purified.

In FIG. 3, the stirring column 8 built in the river is a column, but the stirring column shown in FIG. 4 is a triangular column 9. The sand discharging gate 10 is connected to the vicinity of the bottom of the dam lake, and the pressure of the sediment discharged from here may be very high. If the stirring column 9 that receives this pressure is a triangular column 9,
Can withstand high pressure.

In FIG. 3, the stirring columns 8 are arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of the water flowing in the river. The sediment 6 discharged from the sand discharge gate 10 may contain large stones. If such a large stone is flowed downstream with a high pressure, it may destroy a bridge or the like. Therefore, if the agitation columns 8 are arranged as shown in FIG. 4, the large stones that have flowed cannot flow straight downstream, and many stones collide with the agitation columns 8 and gradually move downward in the riverbank of FIG. Will approach. By arranging the stirring columns 8 in this way, it is possible to prevent large stones from flowing downstream.

In FIG. 5, several rows of stirring columns 7 are arranged so as to spread in a V-shape from the dam 1 toward the downstream side. When the stirring columns 7 are arranged in this way, many large stones flow in the direction of both river banks and are not discharged downstream.

When the sludge-like precipitate 6 flows between the stirring columns 7 and 8, a turbulent flow is generated on the downstream side of the stirring columns 7 and 8 and is sufficiently stirred with the coagulant to form a lump of pollutants. Some flock is formed. Because this floc is heavier than water, it flows toward the bottom of the river. Even if left as it is, dissolved oxygen is abundant in the water flowing through the river, and aerobic microorganisms decompose pollutants into water and carbon dioxide. However, no matter how much natural coagulant is, it is originally not found in the river under construction, and it is desirable to remove it from the river if possible. The flocculant used in the examples is excellent in hydrophobicity, and flocs can be removed from river water by a commonly used separator. FIG. 5 shows the principle of a centrifuge with a backwash function. If this is used, it is not necessary to stop the separator even when backwashing, so that it is efficient. The cylinder 15 is made of a filter material, and its outer and inner surfaces are covered with a wire mesh so as to be mechanically strong. The inner surface sandwiched between the metal nets plays a role of filtering, and non-woven fabrics, chemical fibers, etc. which form a normal filter are used. On the inner surface of the cylinder 15, there is a spiral projection, which serves as a flock guide 16. Water containing flocs is poured into the left side of the cylinder 15. The poured water is the first dispenser 1.
7, the flow changes and flows near the inner surface of the cylinder 15. Although not shown in the drawing, the cylinder 15 is rotated by a known means. When the cylinder 15 rotates, the centrifugal force is also transmitted to the water, and the water receives a force from the inner surface to the outer surface of the cylinder 15. At this time, water can pass, but large objects such as flocs cannot pass through the filter. These flocs move from the left to the right in the drawing according to the guide 16, and are finally pushed out from the right end of the cylinder 15. If this is captured with a bag made of fine mesh cloth, flocs can be removed from the river. A major feature of this centrifuge is that, when it is operated for a long time and clogging occurs, the water or air sent through the pipe 18 is blown from the nozzle 19 at high pressure. By increasing this pressure, the clogging is eliminated. Continuous operation is possible. Since a large amount of water flows into the river when sand is discharged from the embankment 1, a large number of this centrifugal separator may be prepared to collect the flocs.

[0017]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, by constructing as shown in the above embodiments, when sludge made of sludge is flowed downstream from the sand discharging gate, the turbidity of the water in the river is purified in a short period of time, and therefore the environment is improved. It is possible to minimize the adverse effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side view of the dam lake with the sand removal gate open. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a front view seen from the downstream side of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the stirring columns arranged obliquely and the turbulent flow of water generated at this time. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where triangular columns, which are stirring columns, are arranged in a “V” shape, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the principle of the centrifuge. FIG. 6 is a view showing a side surface of a dam lake in which a large amount of sediment is accumulated.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Embankment 2 ... Warehouse 3 ... Pipe 5 ... Water 6
・ ・ Sediment 9 ・ ・ Drainage gate 10 ・ ・ Sand discharge gate 16 ・ ・ Guide 17 ・ ・ Distributor 19 ・ ・ Nozzle

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A coagulant charging unit for coagulating pollutants in water mixed with sludge water discharged from a sand discharging gate of a dam, and aggregating coagulant and sludge water charged into a river. A device for purifying muddy water in a river generated when sand is discharged from a dam, which is provided with a large number of stirring columns. 2. An aggregating unit for aggregating a contaminant in water mixed with sludge water discharged from a sand discharge gate of a dam, and aggregating the aggregating agent and sludge water introduced into a river. A large number of agitating columns and a separator for separating flocs, which are lumps of pollutants created by the action of flocculants, from water are provided, and the river becomes cloudy when sand is discharged. Water purification device. 3. A device for purifying turbid water of a river generated when sand is discharged from a dam according to claim 2, wherein the separator for separating flocs and water is a centrifuge. 4. A purification device for muddy water in a river generated when sand is discharged from a dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stirring column is a triangular column. 5. A device for purifying muddy water of a river generated when sand is discharged from a dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stirring columns are arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of water flow. 6. The purification of muddy water in a river generated when sand is discharged from the dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the agitation columns are arranged in a V shape extending from the dam in a downstream direction. apparatus.