JP2003324997A - Excitation controller of synchronous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an excitation controller of a synchronous machine exhibiting an excellent stability by providing the synchronous machine with two field windings and sustaining a constant inner phase angle even when the synchronous machine accelerates/decelerates due to a fault by controlling the angle of an excitation vector. <P>SOLUTION: The controller of synchronous machine comprises a PT 12 for detecting the output terminal voltage of the synchronous machine 11 having two field windings, an AVR 13, a δ detector 14 for detecting the phase angle of the synchronous machine, an operating unit 15 for operating the exciting amount of the synchronous machine and the angle of the excitation vector based on the detected voltage and phase angle, and exciters 16 and 18 performing excitation control of the synchronous machine based on the operation results from the operating unit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous machine excitation control device, and more particularly to a generator excitation control device for improving the stability of a synchronous machine connected to a voltage system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 shows, for example, JP-A-58-17600.
It is a block diagram which shows the excitation control apparatus of the conventional synchronous machine shown by the 0th publication. In FIG. 7, 1 is a synchronous machine, 2 is an instrument transformer (hereinafter, referred to as PT) for measuring the output terminal voltage Vt of the synchronous machine 1, and 3 is an excitation amount for controlling the output terminal voltage Vt to be constant. An automatic voltage regulator (hereinafter, referred to as AVR) 4 for performing an operation, 4 is an exciter for performing excitation control according to a command of AVR 3, 5 is a field winding of the synchronous machine 1 excited by the exciter 4, and 6 is a synchronous machine. 1 is a detector for detecting the output active power (or frequency, number of revolutions), 7 is a correction signal for suppressing power fluctuation from the output of the detector 6 of the synchronous machine 1, and outputs to AVR 3 Device (hereinafter,
It is called PSS).

Next, the operation will be described. AVR3
Detects the output terminal voltage Vt of the synchronous machine 1 via PT2. The exciter 4 is controlled so that the deviation between the output terminal voltage Vt of the synchronous machine 1 and the target voltage Vt0 is obtained and the deviation becomes zero. The exciter 4 excites the field winding 5 according to a control command from the AVR 3. The PSS 7 controls the output of the detector 6 which detects the output active power (or frequency, rotation speed) of the synchronous machine 1 to an appropriate gain and phase, and outputs the power system stabilizing signal as a correction signal for the AVR 3.

FIG. 8 shows a vector diagram of the above. In FIG. 8, 8 is the excitation vector Ef by the field winding 5, 9 is the output terminal voltage Vt of the synchronous machine 1, 10
Is the internal phase angle δ. In FIG. 8, a constant internal phase angle 10 (= δ) is set depending on the load of the normal synchronous machine 1 and the like.
The synchronous machine 1 is controlled by. The internal phase angle 10 (= δ) changes when the synchronous machine 1 is accelerated or decelerated due to an accident or the like. Therefore, the PSS 7 controls the gain and the phase so as to suppress the change in the internal phase angle 10 (= δ), and performs the control for improving the power system stability.

[0005]

By the way, since the conventional excitation control device for the synchronous machine is constructed as described above, the control when the synchronous machine is accelerated or decelerated due to an accident or the like is performed by the AVR correction signal. However, there is a limit to the acceleration / deceleration suppression of the synchronous machine.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and a synchronous machine is provided with two field windings so that even if the synchronous machine is accelerated or decelerated due to an accident or the like, an excitation vector is generated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excitation control device for a synchronous machine, which can maintain the internal phase angle constant by controlling the angle of, and improve the stability of the synchronous machine.

[0007]

An excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention comprises a voltage detecting means for detecting an output terminal voltage of a synchronous machine having two field windings, and a phase angle of the synchronous machine. Phase angle detecting means for detecting, calculating means for calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector of the synchronous machine based on the outputs of the voltage detecting means and the phase angle detecting means, and based on the calculation result of the calculating means And an exciting means for controlling the excitation of the synchronous machine.

The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention further comprises active power detecting means for detecting the output active power of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the active power detecting means is input to the computing means. The active power of the synchronous machine is controlled to be constant.

The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention further comprises a frequency detection means for detecting the frequency of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the frequency detection means is input to the arithmetic means to operate the synchronous machine. The frequency is controlled to be constant.

The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention further comprises a rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the rotation speed detecting means is input to the calculating means. The number of revolutions of the synchronous machine is controlled to be constant.

Further, the excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention comprises an acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting the acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the detecting means is inputted to the arithmetic means to make the synchronous machine. The pulse control of the acceleration and deceleration is constantly performed.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
It will be described with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1. 1 is a block diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 11 is a synchronous machine having two field windings (hereinafter referred to as a 2-axis excitation synchronous machine), 12 is a PT for detecting an output terminal voltage Vt of the 2-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, and 13 is a 2-axis. AVR 14 for controlling the output terminal voltage Vt of the excitation synchronous machine 11 to be constant
Is a δ detector as a phase angle detecting means for detecting the internal phase angle δ of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, and 15 is a calculating means for calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of the AVR 13 and the δ detector 14. Calculator, 16 is a two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11
Of 18 is a d-axis field winding 19 of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11.
It is an exciter that can excite both positive and negative. The PT 12 and the AVR 13 substantially form a voltage detecting means, and the exciters 16 and 18 form an exciting means.

FIG. 2 shows a vector diagram of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine. In FIG. 2, 20 is the excitation vector Efd by the q-axis field winding 17 of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11, and 2
1 is the excitation vector Efq by the d-axis winding 19 of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11, 22 is the composition of the excitation vectors 20 and 21, and
The excitation vector Ef of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11, 23 is the output terminal voltage Vt of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11, 24 is the angle α formed by the excitation vectors 20 and 22, 25 is the phase angle δ with reference to the q axis, 26 Is an angle δ ′ formed by the excitation vector 22 and the output terminal voltage Vt.

Next, the operation will be described. AVR13
Is the output terminal voltage Vt of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, PT1
2 through the output terminal voltage Vt and the target voltage Vt0
The excitation amount is controlled so that the deviation between and becomes zero. The δ detector 14 detects the phase angle 25 (= δ) of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11 and controls so that the internal phase angle 26 (= δ ′) becomes constant. The arithmetic unit 15 includes the AVR 13 and the δ detector 1.
4 causes the exciters 16 and 18 to perform appropriate excitation control, and the field windings 17 and 19 cause the internal phase angle 26
Field voltage 22 (= Ef) so that (= δ ′) becomes constant
To control.

In this way, in this embodiment, the internal phase angle (= δ ') becomes constant, so that the internal phase angle changes and becomes unstable even when the biaxial excitation synchronous machine is accelerated or decelerated. Therefore, there is an effect that the stability is improved as compared with the conventional synchronous machine. In addition, for the same reason, the transmission power limit is improved, and the reactive power absorption limit in the phase-advancing operation is not restricted by the stability.

Embodiment 2. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 3, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 3, 27 is a power detector that detects the output active power Pt of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, and 28 is such that the output active power value Pt detected by the power detector 27 becomes the target output active power value Pt0. A power control device for controlling, 15A is AVR13 and δ
It is a computing unit as a computing unit that computes the amount of excitation and the angle of the excitation vector from the output of the detector 14 and the amount of power fluctuation from the output of the power control device 28. The power detector 27 and the power control device 28 substantially constitute active power detecting means.

Next, the operation will be described. AV
The operation of calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of the R13 and the δ detector 14 is the same as that of the above-described calculator 15, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here. In the present embodiment, the power detector 27 detects the output active power Pt of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, and the power control device 28 controls so that the output active power value Pt becomes the target output active power value Pt0, for example. . Then, the output of the power control device 28 is also input to the calculator 15A, the power fluctuation amount is calculated here, and the power fluctuation amount is fed back to the exciters 16 and 18 to perform the excitation control.

In this way, in the present embodiment as well, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and in the present embodiment, excitation control with higher stability against power fluctuation is possible. There is an effect.

Embodiment 3. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 4, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 4, 29 is a frequency detector for detecting the frequency of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, 30 is a frequency control device for controlling the frequency detected by the frequency detector 29 to be constant, and 15B is AVR13 and δ detection. The calculation unit serves as a calculation unit that calculates the amount of excitation and the angle of the excitation vector from the output of the device 14 and calculates the amount of frequency change from the output of the frequency control device 30. The frequency detector 29 and the frequency control device 30
Substantially constitutes the frequency detecting means.

Next, the operation will be described. AV
Since the operation of calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of R13 and the δ detector 14 is the same as that of the above-mentioned calculator 15, the description thereof will be omitted here. In the present embodiment, the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11 is driven by the frequency detector 29.
Is detected, and the frequency control device 30 controls so as to suppress the fluctuation of the frequency of the biaxial excitation synchronous machine 11. The output of the frequency control device 30 is also input to the calculator 15B, the frequency change amount is calculated here, and the frequency change amount is fed back to the exciters 16 and 18 to perform excitation control.

In this way, in the present embodiment as well, the same effect as in the above-described first embodiment can be obtained, and in the present embodiment, excitation control having higher stability with respect to the frequency change amount is possible. There is an effect that.

Fourth Embodiment 5 is a block diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 5, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 5, 31 is a rotation speed detector that detects the rotation speed of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, 32 is a rotation speed control device that controls the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detector 31 to be constant, 15C Is an arithmetic unit as an arithmetic means for calculating the amount of excitation and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of the AVR 13 and the δ detector 14 and the amount of change in the rotational speed from the output of the rotational speed control device 32. The rotation speed detector 31 and the rotation speed control device 3
2 substantially constitutes a rotation speed detecting means.

Next, the operation will be described. AV
Since the operation of calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of R13 and the δ detector 14 is the same as that of the above-mentioned calculator 15, the description thereof will be omitted here. In the present embodiment, the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11 is driven by the rotation speed detector 31.
The rotation speed control device 32 controls the rotation speed of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11 so as to suppress the fluctuation of the rotation speed. Then, the output of the rotation speed control device 32 is also input to the calculator 15C, the change amount of the rotation speed is calculated here, and the change amount of the rotation speed is fed back to the exciters 16 and 18 to perform the excitation control.

In this way, in the present embodiment as well, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and in the present embodiment, the excitation control having a higher degree of stability with respect to the change amount of the rotational speed is performed. The effect is that it will be possible.

Embodiment 5. 6 is a block diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 6, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 33 is a detector as acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting acceleration / deceleration of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, that is, change in output including power, frequency, and rotation speed, and 34 is based on the output of the detector 33. A pulse control device for controlling the acceleration / deceleration of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11 by performing pulse control, 15D is an AVR 13 and a δ detector 14
It is an arithmetic unit as an arithmetic means for calculating the amount of excitation and the angle of the excitation vector from the output of 1 and the amount of acceleration / deceleration from the output of the pulse controller 34. The detector 33 and the pulse control device 34 substantially constitute acceleration / deceleration detection means.

Next, the operation will be described. AV
Since the operation of calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector from the outputs of R13 and the δ detector 14 is the same as that of the above-mentioned calculator 15, the description thereof will be omitted here. In the present embodiment, the detector 33 detects the acceleration / deceleration of the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11, and the pulse control device 34 detects the two-axis excitation synchronous machine 11.
Pulse control is performed to suppress the acceleration / deceleration of. The output of the pulse control device 34 is also input to the calculator 15D, the acceleration / deceleration amount is calculated here, and the acceleration / deceleration amount is calculated by the exciters 16 and 18.
To perform excitation control.

In this way, in the present embodiment as well, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and in the present embodiment, the phase angle (= Even if the change in δ) cannot be controlled, it is possible to control the internal phase angle (= δ ') continuously by suppressing the acceleration / deceleration by pulse control. Has the effect of improving. It goes without saying that the present embodiment may use the above-described second to fourth embodiments in combination.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the voltage detecting means for detecting the output terminal voltage of the synchronous machine having the two field windings, and the phase angle detecting for detecting the phase angle of the synchronous machine. Means, a calculating means for calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector of the synchronous machine based on the outputs of the voltage detecting means and the phase angle detecting means, and the exciting of the synchronous machine based on the calculation result of the calculating means. Since the excitation means for controlling is provided, there is an effect that the stability is improved as compared with the conventional synchronous machine, and the limitation of the transmission power and the absorption limit of the reactive power in the phase advance operation are not restricted by the stability.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided active power detecting means for detecting the output active power of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the active power detecting means is inputted to the calculating means to thereby output the active power of the synchronous machine. Is controlled to be constant, so that there is an effect that excitation control with higher stability against power fluctuation can be performed.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the frequency detecting means is inputted to the arithmetic means to control the frequency of the synchronous machine to be constant. Therefore, there is an effect that it becomes possible to perform excitation control with high stability with respect to the frequency change amount.

Also, the excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention comprises a rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the rotation speed detecting means is inputted to the calculating means. Since the number of revolutions of the synchronous machine is controlled to be constant, there is an effect that excitation control having a higher degree of stability with respect to the amount of revolution change can be performed.

Also, the excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to the present invention comprises an acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting the acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine, and the detection output of the acceleration / deceleration detecting means is inputted to the calculating means. Since the acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine is controlled by a constant pulse, even if the change in the phase angle cannot be controlled due to the sudden acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine, the acceleration / deceleration is suppressed by the pulse control to maintain the internal phase angle. Therefore, it is possible to perform constant control, and in particular, there is an effect that the transient stability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vector diagram in the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional excitation control device for a synchronous machine.

FIG. 8 is a vector diagram of a conventional synchronous machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 two-axis excitation synchronous machine, 12 instrument transformer (PT),
13 automatic voltage regulator (AVR), 14 delta detector, 1
5, 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D calculator, 16,
18 exciter, 27 power detector, 28 power control device, 29 frequency detector, 30 frequency control device, 31
Rotation speed detector, 32 rotation speed control device, 33 detector, 34 pulse control device.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masaru Shimomura             2-3 2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Inside Ryo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shresh Chand Varma             20 Kitakanzan, Otakamachi, Midori-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi             No. 1 Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. (72) Inventor Shigeaki Ogawa             20 Kitakanzan, Otakamachi, Midori-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi             No. 1 Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. (72) Inventor Teruo Takagi             20 Kitakanzan, Otakamachi, Midori-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi             No. 1 Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. F-term (reference) 5H590 AA11 AA13 AA21 BB11 CC01                       CC26 CE01 DD23 DD64 DD75                       DD77 EB02 EB04 EB07 FA06                       FB01 GA02 GA06 GA09 HA02                       HA04 HA06 HA09 HA10 HA27                       HB02 HB03

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A voltage detecting means for detecting an output terminal voltage of a synchronous machine having two field windings, a phase angle detecting means for detecting a phase angle of the synchronous machine, the voltage detecting means and the phase angle. A calculation means for calculating the excitation amount and the angle of the excitation vector of the synchronous machine based on the output of the detection means; and an excitation means for controlling the excitation of the synchronous machine based on the calculation result of the calculation means. Excitation control device for synchronous machines. 2. An active power detecting means for detecting an output active power of the synchronous machine is provided, and a detection output of the active power detecting means is inputted to the arithmetic means to control the active power of the synchronous machine to be constant. The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency of the synchronous machine is provided, and a detection output of the frequency detecting means is inputted to the arithmetic means to control the frequency of the synchronous machine to be constant. The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to claim 1. 4. A rotational speed detecting means for detecting the rotational speed of the synchronous machine is provided, and a detection output of the rotational speed detecting means is inputted to the arithmetic means to control the rotational speed of the synchronous machine to a constant value. The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein: 5. An acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine is provided, and a detection output of the acceleration / deceleration detecting means is input to the arithmetic means to pulse-control the acceleration / deceleration of the synchronous machine at a constant level. The excitation control device for a synchronous machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: