JP2003317795A - Battery provided with pressure absorbing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the durability of a battery. <P>SOLUTION: The durability of the battery can be improved by providing a pressure absorbing characteristic in a collector, a battery cell, a separator or the like of the battery. For example, a dimpled plate, a corrugated plate or a pleated plate is inserted between an active material and the collector or a barrier plate. A member having a space or a plate spring like object in an interior like an air spring, a honeycomb structure like member having a multiplicity of sealed chambers, a member filled with one type or a plurality of types of substances with elasticity in an interior, a member filled with air and one type or a plurality of types of substances with elasticity in an interior, a member that is a substance with elasticity itself, a member formed by a fibrous or foam like object, a member formed by a hollow yarn like object or the like can be used as the collector, the barrier plate, the battery cell, the separator or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a pressure-absorbing structure in which the durability of a battery is improved by providing a battery constituent member such as a current collector, a partition wall, a battery cell, and a separator with a property of absorbing pressure. It relates to a battery provided.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent No. 3051401 discloses a so-called three-dimensional battery in which a battery active material is formed into powder or particles. Also, a patent application has already been filed for stacked three-dimensional batteries (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-
309627). The present applicant has also applied for a patent for a three-dimensional battery in which a particulate active material is filled to form a fixed layer (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2000-332281 and 2000-3).
32503). Further, a battery active material (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-280847) obtained by adding a conductive filler to an active material powder and molding the resin into particles or the like, or a primary material obtained by adding a conductive filler to the active material powder and curing the resin. A battery active material obtained by secondary molding of a molded body into a plate shape (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-2
The present applicant has also applied for a patent for 80848). Furthermore, a battery using a bellows-shaped separator (Japanese Patent Application No. 20
01-284491), a battery using a bag-shaped separator (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-67976), and a battery using a pleated separator (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-67977) have also applied for patents.

[0003]

In a rechargeable battery that can be charged and discharged, the battery active material expands / contracts as the battery is charged / discharged, so that the contact resistance between the active material and the current collector or partition wall is reduced. It changes and battery performance deteriorates in the long run. In this case, by making the battery active material thin and disposing the positive electrode and the negative electrode in a short distance, expansion / contraction can be absorbed to some extent, but the battery performance deteriorates in the long term. In addition, even if the battery is designed by experimentally obtaining the expansion / contraction ratio in advance, or by calculating it, in the type in which the cells are stacked, the balance of each battery may be lost and Deteriorates.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery constituent member such as a current collector, a partition wall, a battery cell, and a separator with a characteristic of absorbing a pressure, so that a battery can be obtained. Equipped with a pressure-absorbing structure that absorbs expansion / contraction of the active material with a pressure absorber, keeps the active material in contact with the current collector and the partition in good condition for a long time, and delays deterioration of battery performance. To provide a good battery.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure of the present invention is provided between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided opposite to a battery cell. To
The positive electrode current collector side is filled with particles or a molded body of the positive electrode active material with the separator interposed therebetween, the negative electrode current collector side is filled with particles or a molded body of the negative electrode active material, and the battery cell is filled with an electrolytic solution. In addition, a part or all of the battery constituent members such as the current collector, the battery cell, and the separator are configured to be pressure absorbing members having a characteristic of absorbing pressure (FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 10, see FIG. 11).

Further, in the battery of the present invention, a bellows-shaped separator is alternately arranged between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector provided facing the battery cell so as to be close to both current collectors. The space defined by the bellows-shaped separator and the positive electrode current collector is filled with the positive electrode active material, and the space defined by the bellows-shaped separator and the negative electrode current collector is filled with the negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are alternately inserted with the separator interposed therebetween, and the battery cell is filled with the electrolytic solution.
Part or all of the battery constituent members such as the current collector, the battery cell, and the separator are pressure absorbing members having a characteristic of absorbing pressure (see FIGS. 6 and 7).

Further, the battery of the present invention is one in which a positive electrode active material is filled in a bag-shaped separator having at least one side opened between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided opposite to a battery cell. And a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator having at least one side opened, in which the opening of the bag-shaped separator filled with the positive electrode active material is located on the positive electrode current collector side, and the negative electrode active material is closed on the negative electrode current collector side. A bag-shaped separator filled with a substance is alternately stacked so that the openings are positioned so as to be positioned, and is configured by filling a battery cell with an electrolytic solution. A battery component such as a current collector, a battery cell, or a separator. Is partly or wholly a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

Further, the battery of the present invention is a pleated separator having a shape in which the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector are provided so as to face the battery cell and are alternately adjacent to both current collectors. The positive electrode active material is filled from one side, the negative electrode active material is filled from the other side, and the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are alternately arranged in the space formed by the folds of the separator. The surface filled with the active material is located so that the surface filled with the negative electrode active material on the side of the negative electrode current collector is located, and the battery cell is filled with the electrolytic solution. A part or all of the battery constituent members such as battery cells and separators are pressure absorbing members having a characteristic of absorbing pressure (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 3). In the above structure, it is possible to coat any surface of the battery active material with the ion-passing current collector, and in that case, the ion-passing current collector may have a property of absorbing pressure. .

Further, in the battery of the present invention, a fibrous substance having an electron conductivity whose surface is coated with a positive electrode active material is provided between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector provided facing the battery cell. The fibrous substance used as the positive electrode and the fibrous substance used as the negative electrode so that the fibrous substance having electron conductivity which is in contact with the positive electrode current collector and whose surface is coated with the negative electrode active material is brought into contact with the negative electrode current collector. And are placed side by side with a separator in between or laminated as a woven fabric, or the outer surface of the fibrous substance used as the positive electrode is coated with a substance having no electron conductivity but ion conductivity, and a fibrous substance used as the negative electrode. The outer surface of the substance is lined or laminated with a substance coated with a substance having no electron conductivity and ion conductivity, or laminated as a woven fabric, and the battery cell is filled with an electrolytic solution. Cell, separator Some or all of any battery components that is characterized by a pressure absorbing member which gave a characteristic of absorbing the pressure (refer to FIG. 12, FIG. 13). In these configurations, the unit cells are stacked with the partition walls separated to form a high voltage battery, and in this case, the partition walls can have a characteristic of absorbing pressure (FIG. 2). , See FIG. 3).

As the pressure absorbing member, a member having a space inside such as an air spring or a member having a leaf spring shape can be used (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Further, a member having a honeycomb structure having a large number of closed chambers can be used (Fig. 4,
(See FIG. 5). Further, a member in which one or more kinds of elastic substances are filled can be used. Further, a member having one kind or a plurality of kinds filled with air and an elastic material can be used (see FIGS. 6 and 7). Further, a member which is itself an elastic material can be used (see FIGS. 12 and 1).
3). Further, a member formed by molding a fibrous or foamed material can be used (see FIGS. 8 and 9). Further, a hollow fiber-shaped member can be used (FIGS. 10 and 11).
reference). These members may be used by charging them between the active material and the current collector, between the active material and the partition wall, between the active material and the battery cell, between the active material and the separator, or the like. The body, partition walls, battery cells, and separator itself may be the above members.

As the pressure absorbing member, a plate whose surface is dimple-processed, a corrugated plate, a pleated plate or the like can be used (see FIG. 1). These members can be used by being inserted between the active material and the current collector, between the active material and the partition wall, between the active material and the battery cell, between the active material and the separator, and the like. Incidentally, the current collector and the partition wall, the battery cell, the separator itself is dimple processed, molded into a corrugated plate shape,
Pleating may be performed. The current collector and the partition wall may be made of any substance that has electronic conductivity and no ionic conductivity, such as injection-molded products such as plastic or press-molded products that are metal-plated, or nickel-metal thin plates that are press-molded. Also, it is possible to manufacture at low cost, such as a metal thin plate press-molded and metal-plated.

The battery cell may be a substance having neither electron conductivity nor ion conductivity. For example, an injection molded product such as plastic or a press molded product, or a metal plate made of a resin having neither electron conductivity nor ion conductivity. It can be manufactured at a low cost, such as a coated product or a product having ion conductivity such as nonwoven fabric, foamed plastic or foamed metal coated with a resin having no electron conductivity or ion conductivity. The separator may be a substance that has no electronic conductivity but ionic conductivity, and can be manufactured at low cost, for example, nonwoven fabric or foamed plastic. The ion passing current collector is
Any substance having both electron conductivity and ion conductivity may be used, and, for example, a foamed nickel metal, a nonwoven fabric or a foamed plastic plated with nickel, or the like can be manufactured at low cost.

As described above, the surface of the pressure-absorbing member such as the current collector, the partition wall, the ion passage type current collector, the member inserted between the current collector or the partition wall and the active material is resistant to alkali. It can be used by applying metal plating (nickel, titanium, etc.). In addition, the surface of a battery cell that is a pressure absorbing member or a member that is inserted between a battery cell and an active material can be coated with an alkali-resistant and non-conductive resin before use. Further, the surface of the pressure absorbing member, which is a separator or a member inserted between the separator and the active material, may be coated with an alkali-resistant and non-conductive porous resin for use.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented. . FIG. 1 shows an example of a battery including a pressure absorbing structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, as an example, a battery is configured only with a basic unit using a pleated separator, and a corrugated plate pressure absorbing plate is inserted between an active material and a current collector. As the active material, for example, an active material that causes a battery reaction to which a conductive filler and a resin are added can be used. As the active material material, it is possible to use all active material materials, regardless of the type of battery, positive electrode, and negative electrode. In the case of a nickel hydrogen battery, as an example, nickel hydroxide powder 200
The positive electrode active material 10 can be prepared by mixing 0 g, EVA resin 200 g, and conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber) 300 g. Similarly, in the case of a nickel hydrogen battery, as an example, 6000 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder and E
The negative electrode active material 12 can be prepared by mixing 200 g of the VA resin and 300 g of the conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber).

Next, as an example, an ion-passing current collector, a separator, and an ion-passing current collector are stacked in this order to produce a laminated sheet, and this sheet is pressed and bent with a patch plate having a thickness of 1 mm from the right angle direction. . Leave a gap of 5mm from the opposite side and press it with a 1mm thick contact plate to bend it. These steps are repeated and sequentially bent to form the pleated separator 14. Any method of pleating can be used, and the width, length, thickness, etc. of the pleats can be arbitrarily selected. From one side of the pleated separator 14 to the positive electrode active material 1
Fill with 0 and hit a plate etc. so as not to spill. Then, the negative electrode active material 12 is filled from the other side, and a plate or the like is applied so as not to spill. A pleated separator 14 filled with the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 is appropriately compacted from above, below, left and right to form a basic unit.

Then, as an example, a nickel plate is pressed to form a corrugated plate pressure absorbing plate 1 having a groove depth of 2 mm and a groove interval of 2 mm.
Make 6. The positive electrode current collector 18 and the positive electrode active material 1 are sandwiched between the corrugated plate pressure absorbing plates 16 and the basic unit.
0 and the negative electrode current collector 20 and the negative electrode active material 12 so that the corrugated plate-shaped pressure absorption plate 16 is arranged.
8. The battery cell 22 equipped with the negative electrode current collector 20 is loaded and further filled with an electrolyte (KOH, NaOH, LiOH, etc.) solution to assemble a battery. In the present embodiment, in addition to the corrugated plate-shaped pressure absorption plate, a dimple-processed pressure absorption plate, a pleated pressure absorption plate, or the like can be used. Since the expansion / contraction of the battery active material is absorbed by the pressure absorbing member, the good contact between the active material and the current collector can be maintained for a long time, and the deterioration of the battery performance can be delayed.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a plurality of basic units using pleated separators (three in FIG. 2 as an example) are installed in parallel and a plurality of layers (three as an example in FIG. 2) are laminated in series. In the case of constructing a battery, an air spring type pressure absorption type partition wall is inserted between each layer. The manufacturing method of the basic unit 24 is the same as that of the first embodiment. As an example, as shown in FIG. 3, an air spring type pressure absorption partition wall 26 having a thickness of 2 mm having an outer surface made of nickel (thickness 0.2 mm) and having a sealed space containing air therein is used. Three basic units 24 are loaded in parallel in the battery cells 22, and three of the basic units 24 are connected in series via the air spring type pressure absorption partition walls 26 to assemble a battery. In the present embodiment, a leaf spring-shaped member or the like can be used in addition to the air spring type member.
Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment. Since the expansion / contraction of the battery active material is absorbed by the pressure absorbing member, the good contact between the active material and the partition walls or the current collector can be maintained for a long time, and the deterioration of the battery performance can be delayed.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a battery having a pressure absorbing structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where a battery is configured only by a basic unit using a bag-shaped separator, and a honeycomb-shaped pressure absorption current collector is loaded. As an example, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen battery, 2000 g of nickel hydroxide powder and 200 g of EVA resin
And conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber)
After mixing 300 g, the plate-shaped positive electrode active material 28 of 100 mm × 30 mm × 3 mmT can be formed by pressure molding at a pressure of 0.1 MPa. Similarly, 6000 g of hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder, 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber) were mixed, and then pressure-molded at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to obtain 100 mm × 30 m.
A plate-shaped negative electrode active material 30 of m × 2 mmT can be prepared. Plate-shaped positive electrode active material 28, negative electrode active material 3
An arbitrary surface (for example, four surfaces) of the surface of 0 is covered with the ion passage type current collector 32 (foamed nickel sheet). The positive electrode active material 28 and the negative electrode active material 30 are filled in the bag-shaped separator 34, respectively. The bag-shaped separator 34 is formed by folding a planar separator in two or stacking two flat separators.
The sides are fused or sewn to form a bag shape with two or three sides closed, and the closing method is arbitrary.

A bag-shaped separator 34 filled with the positive electrode active material 28 and a bag-shaped separator 34 filled with the negative electrode active material 30 are alternately stacked to form a basic unit. The number of active materials contained in the basic unit is arbitrary. And, as an example, as shown in FIG. 5, a large number of closed small rooms (internal space: 2 mm □) filled with air.
A honeycomb pressure absorbing current collector 36 having a thickness of 2 mm, which is made of iron and has an outer surface of which is nickel-plated, is used. The honeycomb-shaped pressure absorption current collector 36 is arranged on each of the positive electrode current collector 18 and the negative electrode current collector 20, and the battery cell 22 is loaded with the above-mentioned basic unit to assemble it as a battery. In the case where the contact between the bag-shaped separator and the collector is excessively compacted and short-circuited, the separator itself is fused by heat or ultrasonic waves, or the separator side is coated with a resin of an insulator, Alternatively, a short circuit is prevented by applying an insulating resin to the active material. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a battery having a pressure absorbing structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a battery is composed of only a basic unit using a bellows-shaped separator, and a pressure absorption current collector filled with air and a substance having elasticity is loaded inside. The method for producing the positive electrode active material 28 and the negative electrode active material 30 coated with the ion-passing current collector 32 is the same as in the case of the third embodiment. The positive electrode active material 28 and the negative electrode active material 30 are alternately incorporated with the bellows-shaped separator 38 interposed therebetween. And as an example,
As shown in Fig. 7, the outer surface is made of nickel and the inner diameter is 2 mm.
2 mm thick pressure-absorbing current collector 40 having a rubber ball and a closed space containing air is used. As the elastic substance, not only rubber but any substance can be used. The pressure absorption current collector 40 can be made by filling the inside of the air spring type nickel member described above with a rubber ball or the like. The pressure absorption current collector 40 is used as the positive electrode current collector 18 and the negative electrode current collector 2
0, and the battery cells 22 are filled with the above-mentioned basic unit to assemble as a battery. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first and third embodiments.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a battery is composed of only a basic unit using a plate-shaped active material, and a fibrous pressure absorption current collector is loaded. As an example, in the case of a nickel hydrogen battery,
2000 g of nickel hydroxide powder, 200 g of EVA resin and conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber) 30
After mixing 0g, press-mold at a pressure of 0.1MPa,
A plate-shaped positive electrode active material 42 of 00 mm □ × 3 mmT can be produced. Similarly, hydrogen storage alloy powder 6000g
0.1 MPa after mixing with 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber)
It is possible to form a plate-shaped negative electrode active material 44 of 100 mm □ × 2 mmT by pressure molding under the pressure of. Then, as an example, as shown in FIG. 9, a fibrous pressure-absorbing current collector 46 having a thickness of 2 mm, which is a non-woven sheet made of nickel fiber having a diameter of 0.1 mm, is used. The fibrous pressure absorption current collector (nickel fiber non-woven fabric sheet) 46 is connected to the positive electrode current collector 18,
The battery cell 22 is placed on each of the negative electrode current collectors 20 and the above-described positive electrode active material 42 and negative electrode active material 44 are filled in the battery cell 22 with the separator 48 sandwiched therebetween to assemble a battery. In the present embodiment, in addition to the fibrous pressure absorbing member, a foamed pressure absorbing member (foamed nickel sheet or the like) can be used. Other configurations and actions are similar to those of the first, third and fourth embodiments.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a battery having a pressure absorbing structure according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where a battery is constituted only by a basic unit using a granulated particulate active material, and a pressure absorption current collector formed by molding a hollow fiber is loaded. As an example, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen battery, a Henschel mixer with an internal volume of 10 liters is charged with particulate graphite (acetylene black,
150 g of Ketjen black) was put in the mixture and stirred at 1000 rpm for about 3 minutes to sufficiently disperse the particulate graphite. to this,
Add 1000g of nickel hydroxide powder for battery and 100g of carbon fiber (Brand name: Dona S-247), for about 3 minutes 1
Mix at 000 rpm. Separately, add 15 g of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer to 1000 g of xylene heated to 60 ° C.
Add 0 g and dissolve. A resin dissolved in heated xylene is added to the mixture of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the conductive filler heated to 60 ° C., and the mixture is stirred with a Henschel mixer while being heated and maintained at 60 ° C. Next, the Henschel mixer is cooled with stirring, and the kneaded product is cooled and ground to give a powder. This powder is put into a high speed mixer, and the particle size of the granulated particles is adjusted with a chopper while stirring the whole powder with an agitator. The high speed mixer has a capacity of 2 liters, the rotation speed of the agitator is 600 rpm, and the rotation speed of the chopper is 1500 rpm. While stirring under these conditions,
The temperature of the powder is raised from room temperature to 50 ° C. After the granulated particles are generated, stirring is stopped while cooling. Since the particles contain xylene, put them in a vacuum dryer and
Remove to xylene by heating to ° C. After the particles are cooled, they are sieved with a 2.88 mm sieve and a 1 mm sieve, 1-2.
88 mm particles are used as the positive electrode active material 50.

150 g of particulate graphite (acetylene black, Ketjen black) was placed in a Henschel mixer having an internal volume of 10 liters, and stirred at 1000 rpm for about 3 minutes to sufficiently disperse the particulate graphite. To this, 2500 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder for batteries, carbon fiber (trade name: Dona S-24
Add 100 g of 7) and mix for about 3 minutes at 1000 rpm. Separately, 150 g of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is added to 1000 g of xylene heated to 60 ° C. and dissolved. A resin dissolved in heated xylene is added to the mixture of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the conductive filler heated to 60 ° C., and the mixture is stirred with a Henschel mixer while being heated and maintained at 60 ° C. Next, the Henschel mixer is cooled with stirring, and the kneaded product is cooled and ground to give a powder. This powder is put into a high speed mixer, and the particle size of the granulated particles is adjusted with a chopper while stirring the whole powder with an agitator.
The high speed mixer has a capacity of 2 liters, the agitator speed is 600 rpm, and the chopper speed is 150.
The temperature of the powder is raised from room temperature to 50 ° C. while stirring at 0 rpm under these conditions. After the granulated particles are generated, stirring is stopped while cooling. Since the particles contain xylene,
The particles are placed in a vacuum dryer and heated to 50 ° C. to remove xylene. After the particles are cooled, they are sieved through a 2.88 mm sieve and a 1 mm sieve, and the particles of 1 to 2.88 mm are used as the negative electrode active material 52.

As an example, a hollow fiber pressure absorbing current collector 54 having a thickness of 2 mm, which is a nonwoven fabric sheet obtained by nickel-plating hollow fibers as shown in FIG. 11, is used. The hollow fiber pressure absorbing current collector 54 is replaced with the positive electrode current collector 1
8 and the negative electrode current collector 20 respectively, and the separator 48
The battery cell 22 is filled with the above-mentioned positive electrode active material 50 and negative electrode active material 52 with sandwiching therebetween, and assembled as a battery. Other configurations and actions are similar to those of the first, third and fourth embodiments.

12 and 13 show an example of a battery having a pressure absorbing structure according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where the battery is constituted only by the basic unit such as bundling one in which the battery active material is attached to the surface of the fibrous substance having electronic conductivity, and the rubber pressure absorbing material is provided inside the battery cell. It is loaded. As an example, in the case of a nickel hydrogen battery, 150 g of particulate graphite (acetylene black, Ketjen black) is placed in a Henschel mixer having an internal volume of 10 liters, and the particulate graphite is sufficiently dispersed by stirring at 1000 rpm for about 3 minutes. To this, add 1000g of nickel hydroxide powder for battery, and apply for 10 minutes for 10 minutes.
Mix at 00 rpm. Separately, 300 g of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is added to 2000 g of xylene heated to 60 ° C.
Add and dissolve. A resin dissolved in heated xylene is added to the mixture of the particulate graphite and the nickel hydroxide powder heated to 60 ° C., and the mixture is stirred and dispersed with a Henschel mixer while being heated and maintained at 60 ° C. The carbon fiber is dipped in this and pulled up. And 5 by the vacuum heating furnace
Vacuum dry at 0 ° C. to evaporate xylene. Next, P
The carbon fiber is immersed in a resin solution prepared by dissolving ES in DMSO and pulled up. Dip this in water, D
MSO is extracted with water and PES is solidified to form a porous film. A carbon fiber whose surface is coated with this nickel / nickel hydroxide and whose outside is coated with a porous film is used as a positive electrode.

150 g of particulate graphite (acetylene black, Ketjen black) was put into a Henschel mixer having an internal volume of 10 liters, and stirred at 1000 rpm for about 3 minutes to sufficiently disperse the particulate graphite. To this, 1000 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder for a battery is added and mixed at 1000 rpm for about 3 minutes. Separately, 300 g of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer is added to 2000 g of xylene heated to 60 ° C. and dissolved. A resin dissolved in heated xylene was added to the mixture of the particulate graphite and the hydrogen storage alloy heated to 60 ° C.,
While heating and holding at 60 ° C., the mixture is stirred and dispersed by a Henschel mixer. The carbon fiber is dipped in this and pulled up. Then, it is vacuum dried at 50 ° C. in a vacuum heating furnace to vaporize xylene. Next, PES to DMSO
The above-mentioned carbon fiber is immersed in the resin solution dissolved in and pulled up. This is immersed in water, DMSO is extracted with water, and PES is solidified to form a porous film. A carbon fiber whose surface is coated with this hydrogen storage alloy and whose outside is coated with a porous film is used as a negative electrode.

The carbon fiber 56 whose surface is coated with a positive electrode active material and whose outer side is coated with a porous film is aligned so that one end whose exposed section is exposed is the positive electrode current collector side.
The other porous film 58 is arranged so that the end covered with the porous film 58 is on the negative electrode current collector side. The carbon fiber 60 coated with the negative electrode active material on the surface and further coated with the porous film on the outer side is aligned so that one end having an exposed cross section is positioned as the negative electrode current collector side and the other end coated with the porous film 58 is Arrange them so that they are on the positive electrode current collector side. The positive electrode and the negative electrode may be arranged at random, but if they are arranged alternately, a higher performance battery is obtained. Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be laminated as a woven fabric. The rubber-made pressure absorbing material 62 is previously charged inside the battery cell 22, and the above-mentioned layered carbon fiber is attached to the battery cell 2
2, and the positive electrode current collector 18 is pressed from the direction perpendicular to the layered carbon fiber (vertical direction) to the cross section side of the carbon fiber 56 used as the positive electrode. After injecting the electrolyte solution with the positive electrode current collector 18 side being the bottom surface, the negative electrode current collector 20 is pressed against the opposite side, that is, the cross section side of the carbon fiber 60 used as the negative electrode, to complete the battery. . In FIG. 13, the illustration of the negative electrode current collector on the front side is omitted. As a method of attaching the battery active material to the surface of the fibrous material, not only a method of fixing with a resin but also an electrolytic deposition method by electrolysis, a method of hot dipping, a method of sintering and the like can be used. In the present embodiment, as the pressure absorbing material, not only rubber but also electronic conductivity,
An elastic material having neither ionic conductivity can be used. Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first to sixth embodiments.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and all types of batteries described in the first to seventh embodiments are described in each of the first to seventh embodiments. It is possible to arbitrarily apply the pressure absorbing member of.

[0029]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) By providing a battery constituent member such as a current collector, a partition wall, a battery cell, and a separator with a property of absorbing pressure, deterioration of the battery due to repeated expansion and contraction of the battery active material can be prevented. The battery performance is stable and the battery durability is improved. (2) Current collectors or partition walls that have the property of absorbing pressure,
Since battery cells, separators, etc. can be manufactured at low cost, the battery manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery including a pressure absorbing structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of an air spring type pressure absorption partition in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery including a pressure absorbing structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a honeycomb-shaped pressure absorption current collector in a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a pressure absorption current collector filled with rubber balls and air according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery including a pressure absorbing structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fibrous pressure absorption current collector according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery including a pressure absorbing structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an example of a hollow fiber-shaped pressure absorption current collector according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the longitudinal direction of the fiber.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an example of a battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the cross-sectional direction of the fiber.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 28, 42, 50 Positive electrode active material 12, 30, 44, 52 Negative electrode active material 14 Pleated separator 16 Corrugated plate pressure absorbing plate 18 Positive electrode current collector 20 Negative electrode current collector 22 Battery cell 24 Basic unit 26 Air spring Type pressure absorption partition wall 32 Ion passage type current collector 34 Bag-shaped separator 36 Honeycomb pressure absorption current collector 38 Bellows-shaped separator 40 Pressure absorption current collector 46 Fibrous pressure absorption current collector 48 Separator 54 Hollow fiber pressure absorption current collector Body 56 Carbon fiber whose surface is coated with a positive electrode active material and whose outer side is coated with a porous film 58 Porous film 60 Carbon fiber whose surface is coated with a negative electrode active material and whose outer side is coated with a porous film 62 Rubber pressure absorption Material

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kazuya Nishimura             1-1 Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Akashi Factory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Susumu Mitsuda             4-1-2 Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka             Gas Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5H011 AA01 AA04 AA13 CC02 DD05                       DD11 KK01                 5H021 AA02 AA06 CC11 CC19 HH10                 5H028 AA08 CC07 CC08 CC10 CC22                       EE06 FF04

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided opposite to a battery cell are sandwiched with a separator, and the positive electrode current collector side is filled with particles or a molded product of a positive electrode active material. Particles or molded body of the negative electrode active material is filled on the side of the current collector, which is configured by filling the battery cell with the electrolytic solution, and a part or all of the battery constituent member of at least one of the current collector, the battery cell and the separator. Is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure, wherein the battery has a pressure absorbing structure. 2. A bellows-shaped separator is disposed between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, which are provided so as to face a battery cell, so that bellows-shaped separators are alternately arranged close to both current collectors. And a space defined by the positive electrode current collector is filled with the positive electrode active material, and a space defined by the bellows-shaped separator and the negative electrode current collector is filled with the negative electrode active material, so that the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are The separators are alternately assembled with each other, and the battery cells are filled with an electrolytic solution. A part or all of the battery constituent members of the current collector, the battery cells, and the separator absorb pressure. A battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure, which is a pressure absorbing member having characteristics. 3. A bag-shaped separator having a positive electrode active material filled in at least one side between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided facing a battery cell, and a negative electrode active material. A bag-shaped separator in which at least one side is open means that the opening of the bag-shaped separator in which the positive electrode current collector side is filled with the positive electrode active material is located and the negative electrode current collector side is filled with the negative electrode active material. The separators are alternately superposed so that the openings are positioned and filled, and the battery cells are filled with an electrolytic solution. The current collector, the battery cells, and a part of at least one of the battery constituent members of the separator. Or all
A battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure, which is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure. 4. A positive electrode active material is provided from one side of a pleated separator having a shape such that the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, which are provided so as to face the battery cell, are alternately adjacent to both current collectors. Filled, filled with the negative electrode active material from the other, alternately arranged the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material in the space formed by the folds of the separator, the positive electrode current collector side was filled with the positive electrode active material The surface is located, the negative electrode current collector side is filled so that the surface filled with the negative electrode active material is located, is configured by filling the battery cell with the electrolytic solution, at least the current collector, the battery cell and the separator. A battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure, wherein a part or all of any one of the battery constituent members is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure. 5. The positive electrode active material and / or the negative electrode active material is coated on an arbitrary surface with an ion-passing current collector,
Part or all of the battery constituent member of at least one of the ion-passing current collector, the battery cell, and the separator is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure.
A battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to any one of 4 above. 6. A fibrous substance having an electron conductivity, the surface of which is coated with a positive electrode active material, contacts the positive electrode current collector between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector provided facing the battery cell. Then, sandwich the separator between the fibrous material used as the positive electrode and the fibrous material used as the negative electrode so that the electron conductive fibrous material whose surface is coated with the negative electrode active material comes into contact with the negative electrode current collector. The fibrous substance used as the positive electrode is lined or laminated as a woven fabric, or the outer surface of the fibrous substance used as the positive electrode is coated with a substance having no electron conductivity and ion conductivity, and It is configured by arranging or laminating a non-conductive material coated with an ion conductive material or laminating it as a woven fabric, and filling a battery cell with an electrolytic solution, and at least one of a current collector, a battery cell and a separator. Or Some or all of the battery components of
A battery provided with a pressure absorbing structure, which is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure. 7. A single cell composed of the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is separated by a partition wall and stacked to obtain a high voltage. The current collector, the partition wall, the battery cell and the separator. A battery having a pressure absorbing structure, wherein at least one of the battery constituent members is a pressure absorbing member having a characteristic of absorbing pressure. 8. The battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is an air spring type or leaf spring-shaped member having a space inside. 9. The battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is a member having a honeycomb structure having a large number of closed chambers. 10. The pressure absorbing member is a member having at least one elastic substance filled therein.
A battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to any one of 1. 11. The battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is a member having at least one kind of air and an elastic substance filled therein. 12. The battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is a member made of an elastic material. 13. The battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is a member formed by molding a fibrous, foamed or hollow fiber material. 14. The pressure absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure absorbing member is any one of a member whose surface is dimple-processed, a corrugated plate-shaped member and a member having a pleat-shaped surface. Battery equipped. 15. A pressure absorbing member is provided at least at any position between the active material and the current collector, between the active material and the partition wall, between the active material and the battery cell, and between the active material and the separator. A battery provided with the pressure absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the battery constituent member has a characteristic of absorbing pressure. 16. Alkali resistance is provided on at least one surface of a current collector that is a pressure absorbing member, a partition wall, an ion passage type current collector, and a member inserted between the current collector or partition wall and the active material. A battery provided with the pressure-absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the metal plating is applied. 17. The surface of the battery cell, which is a pressure absorbing member, or the member inserted between the battery cell and the active material, is coated with an alkali-resistant and non-conductive resin.
A battery comprising the pressure absorbing structure according to any one of 15. 18. The alkali-resisting, non-conductive porous resin is coated on the surface of the separator, which is a pressure absorbing member, or the member inserted between the separator and the active material. A battery provided with the pressure absorption structure according to.