JP2003315515A - Mask, substrate with light reflective coating, method for manufacturing light reflective coating, electrooptical device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mask for manufacturing a light reflective layer having little occurrence of interference fringes, a substrate with the light reflective coating by formed by using the mask, a method for manufacturing the light reflective coating, an electrooptical device provided with the light reflective coating having little occurrence of interference fringes, and electronic equipment provided with the light reflective coating having little occurrence of interference fringes. <P>SOLUTION: Light transparent parts or light nontransparent parts are allocated with a random function, and masks arranged randomly in a planar direction are used to produce a light reflective coating wherein a plurality of projecting parts or recessed parts formed on the substrate are arranged randomly in a planar direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mask, a substrate with a light reflecting film, a method for manufacturing the light reflecting film, an optical display device, and an electronic device. More specifically, a mask for producing a substrate with a light-reflecting film in which the occurrence of interference fringes is small, a substrate with a light-reflecting film using the same, a method for producing a light-reflecting film,
The present invention also relates to an optical display device provided with a light reflection film with less occurrence of interference fringes, and an electronic device provided with a light reflection film with less occurrence of interference fringes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, liquid crystal display devices are widely used as display devices in various electronic devices because of their thinness and power saving. Such a liquid crystal display device generally has a configuration in which liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of glass substrates or the like and the periphery thereof is adhered by a sealing material. Then, in order to protect the liquid crystal display device from an external impact, an electronic device equipped with such a liquid crystal display device has an observation side of the liquid crystal display device, that is,
A structure in which a protective plate is arranged on the side of an observer who visually recognizes the display is adopted. Such a protective plate is usually a plate-shaped member made of a light-transmissive material such as transparent plastic.

However, it is difficult to make the surface of such a protective plate facing the liquid crystal display device a perfectly smooth surface, and in many cases fine irregularities are present. And when such a protective plate is arranged in a liquid crystal display device,
There is a problem that the display quality is remarkably deteriorated due to the fine irregularities on the surface. One of the causes of such deterioration in display quality is that the distance between the viewing-side substrate and the protective plate in the liquid crystal display device varies depending on the unevenness present on the surface of the protective plate. That is, in response to such variations in the spacing, interference occurs when the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device passes through the protective plate, and as a result, interference fringes occur. Then, it is estimated that the generated interference fringes overlap with the display image, which causes deterioration of display quality.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-27481 discloses that
As shown in FIG. 27, a reflection type liquid crystal display device 400 is disclosed, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-281972 discloses a liquid crystal display device 400.
As shown in FIG. 2, a reflection / transmission dual-use mold 500 is disclosed, and a plurality of uneven structures 404a and 404b (504a and 504b) having different heights are provided in order to reduce the generation of interference fringes, and a polymer resin is provided thereon. A film 405 (505) is formed, and a continuous wavy reflection electrode 409 is further formed thereon.
(509) is formed. Further, a manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device having such a reflective electrode is disclosed, for example, it is disclosed in FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 29A, a resist film 602 is entirely formed on a glass substrate 600, and then, as shown in FIG. 29B, a pattern 604 composed of a plurality of circles having different diameters is formed. Through,
Expose. After that, development is performed as shown in FIG.
Plural angled convex portions or concave portions 606a, 606a, 6 having different heights
29b, and further, as shown in FIG. 29D, heating is performed to soften the corners of the protrusions or recesses to form the protrusions or recesses 608a, 608b having the corners dropped. And
As shown in FIG. 29E, the space 610
After filling a predetermined amount of the polymer resin 620 into a continuous layer having a wavy surface, a continuous wavy reflection electrode 624 is further formed on the polymer resin film 620 by a laminating means such as a sputtering method. To do.

[0005]

However, in the reflective liquid crystal display device and the reflective / transmissive liquid crystal display device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-27481, a plurality of circles having different diameters are regularly or Although it is intended to provide a plurality of uneven structures with different heights by using ultraviolet exposure and development using a partially irregularly arranged mask pattern, there are variations in coating thickness, etc. It was difficult to strictly adjust the height so that the above can be effectively prevented.
In addition, since the reflective electrode is formed on a plurality of uneven structures having different heights, problems such as disconnection and easy short-circuiting have been observed. Further, the disclosed method for producing a light-reflecting film has many manufacturing steps and many management items, which is a problem in production. Therefore, JP-A-6-2748
The light-reflecting film disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1 is difficult to effectively prevent the generation of interference fringes, and it is difficult to manufacture such a light-reflecting film stably and efficiently. there were.

Therefore, a mask pattern in which light transmitting portions or light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged is formed, a light reflecting film is formed using the mask pattern, and a reflection type liquid crystal display device having such a light reflecting film is formed. Although it is possible to manufacture a liquid crystal display device of the dual-purpose type, a reflective / transmissive type, it was thought that the following problems would occur. The design of the random pattern in the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is complicated, and the mask pattern is not easily designed. The extent of the preferable random arrangement of the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the mask pattern is unknown. The reproducibility of the reflection characteristics of the mask pattern when iteratively designed is lacking. On the other hand, in recent years, display devices such as liquid crystal display devices have become larger in screen size, and mass-produced products having a display area of 30 to 40 inches are being developed. A 60-inch wall-mounted display device is also being developed. In the case of such a large-sized display device, while a light-reflecting film with less occurrence of interference fringes is required, the ease and speed of designing a mask pattern for producing it are also required. There are situations.

[0007] Therefore, as a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the inventors of the present invention use a mask pattern in which a light transmitting portion or a light non-transmitting portion is allocated by a random function, and the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is randomly arranged in the plane direction. It has been found that, in addition to facilitating the design of the mask pattern, a light reflecting film with less generation of interference fringes can be easily obtained when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. That is, the present invention is a mask that is easy to design and obtains a substrate with a light-reflecting film that causes less interference fringes when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing such a light reflecting film, an optical display device provided with such a light reflecting film, and an electronic device having such a light reflecting film.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a mask for producing a substrate with a light reflecting film, wherein the positions of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion are assigned by a random function.
A mask is provided which is characterized in that the light transmissive portions or the light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction, and the above-mentioned problems can be solved. That is, since the positions of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion are assigned by a random function, the mask can be easily designed in a short time even when the mask has a complicated random pattern or the like.
The random function to be used may be a function that mathematically stochastically generates an arbitrary number, and as will be described later, for example, an arbitrary number of 0 to 1 is generated corresponding to RGB dots. It suffices that a predetermined mask pattern can be made to correspond based on the number. Further, according to the mask of the present invention, when the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is positioned by a random function and then randomly arranged in the plane direction, it is possible to manufacture a substrate with a light reflecting film. In addition, the excellent light scattering effect is exhibited with good reproducibility, and the generation of interference fringes can be effectively prevented. The reason for controlling the planar shape of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is that the photosensitive resin constituting the substrate with a light reflecting film is photolyzed at the location where the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion is irradiated, This is because there are a positive type which is solubilized in the developer and a negative type which is insoluble in the developer because a portion irradiated with light transmitted through the light transmitting portion is exposed.

Further, in constructing the mask of the present invention, an arbitrary number of 0 to 1 is generated by a random function, and 1 to n (n is 2 to 1000) for all dots based on the number. In addition to distributing numbers of arbitrary natural numbers), n kinds of random patterns created in advance are
It is preferable that the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction by corresponding to the distributed numbers. Since the allocation is performed by such a simple random function, it is possible to easily and quickly design a mask having desirable reflection characteristics. Also, although it is necessary to create n kinds of random patterns in advance,
Compared with the case where the random function is not used, the design of the random pattern having a small area is sufficient, so that the design itself can be performed easily and in a short time. Further, by appropriately changing the n kinds of random patterns, it is possible to easily search for a random pattern having a preferable reflection characteristic in a short time.

In constructing the mask of the present invention, the RGB dots 100 to 2,000 or the entire screen,
That is, it is preferable to randomly arrange the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the plane direction with the entire substrate with a reflective film formed using a mask as one unit. When the light transmissive portions or the light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction and the obtained light reflective film is used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, an irregular stain pattern may appear. With a random pattern in which the number is one unit, it is possible to effectively reduce the development of such an irregular stain pattern.

Further, in constructing the mask of the present invention, a light-transmitting portion or a light-impermeable portion is formed into a strip-shaped random pattern in the horizontal single row direction or the vertical single row direction, and the strip-shaped random pattern is repeated in a plurality of rows. Is preferred. With this configuration, it is possible to easily and quickly design a random pattern having a preferable reflection characteristic as a whole with a small amount of information. Further, since the random pattern of a predetermined unit is repeated in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, it is possible to obtain a random pattern having preferable reflective properties as a whole with good reproducibility.

In forming the mask of the present invention, it is preferable that the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is set to a value within the range of 3 to 15 μm. With this configuration, it is possible to efficiently manufacture the light reflection film with less occurrence of interference fringes. That is, when the light-reflecting film is manufactured, if the projections or recesses have such a diameter, the planar shape and arrangement pattern thereof can be accurately controlled by using an exposure process. Therefore, the light can be stably scattered in the obtained light reflection film, so that the generation of interference fringes can be effectively prevented.

Further, in constructing the mask of the present invention, the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is made different, and 2 to 10 are used.
It is preferable to provide a light transmitting portion or a light non-transmitting portion.
With such a configuration, it is possible to more efficiently manufacture the light reflection film with less occurrence of interference fringes. That is, when the light reflecting film is manufactured, the plurality of convex portions or concave portions having different diameters are present, so that the arrangement of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions becomes more dispersed. Therefore, the light can be appropriately scattered in the obtained light reflection film, so that the generation of interference fringes can be more effectively prevented. When the diameters of the light transmitting portion and the light non-transmitting portion are made different, it is preferable that at least one diameter is set to a value of 5 μm or more. On the other hand, when each of them is a circle or a polygon of less than 5 μm, light is often scattered excessively when the light reflecting film is manufactured, and the amount of light reflected by the light reflecting film may be significantly reduced. is there.

Another aspect of the present invention is a substrate with a light-reflecting film including a base material and a reflective layer, wherein the positions of a plurality of protrusions or recesses formed on the surface of the base material are random. It is a substrate with a light-reflecting film, wherein the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction by allocating by a function. By randomly arranging the plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the planar direction in this manner, it is possible to effectively prevent the generation of interference fringes when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. Further, since the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are allocated by the random function, the planar shape and arrangement pattern of the convex portions or concave portions can be accurately controlled by the exposure process.

In forming the light reflecting film of the present invention, a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are formed as RGB dots (one pixel) 1.
It is preferable to randomly arrange in the plane direction from 00 to 2,000 or the entire screen as one unit. When a light reflecting film having a random pattern is used in a liquid crystal display device,
An irregular stain pattern may appear, but such a light reflecting film having a random pattern with a plurality of RGB dots as one unit can effectively reduce the occurrence of such irregular stain pattern. You can

Further, in forming the substrate with a light reflecting film of the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in the horizontal single row direction or the vertical single row direction, and the plural rows are repeated. With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain a substrate with a light-reflecting film having a preferable reflection characteristic as a whole with a small amount of information. Also, in the horizontal or vertical direction, because a random pattern of a predetermined unit is repeated,
A random pattern having favorable reflection characteristics as a whole can be obtained with good reproducibility.

Further, in forming the substrate with a light reflecting film of the present invention, it is preferable that the diameter of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions is set to a value within the range of 3 to 15 μm. With such a configuration, the planar shape and the arrangement pattern of the convex portions or the concave portions can be accurately controlled by using the exposure process, and the light can be appropriately scattered,
It is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of interference fringes.

Further, in constructing the substrate with a light reflecting film of the present invention, the diameters of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are made different, and
It is preferable to provide ten types of protrusions or recesses. With such a configuration, when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, the arrangement of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions is more dispersed,
Since light can be scattered appropriately, the generation of interference fringes can be prevented more effectively.

Further, in constituting the substrate with a light reflecting film of the present invention, the base material sequentially includes a first base material and a second base material from below, and a plurality of the first base material is provided. It is preferable that the convex portion or the concave portion is provided and the reflective layer is provided on the second base material which is a continuous layer. With this configuration, the reflective layer can be formed into a comparatively gentle curved surface with few flat portions through the second base material that is a continuous layer. Therefore, when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, The generation of interference fringes can be prevented more effectively.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a light reflecting film including a base material and a reflecting layer, wherein the positions of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion are assigned by a random function, and the light transmitting portion is arranged. Alternatively, using a mask in which light-impermeable parts are randomly arranged in the plane direction, the photosensitive resin applied is randomly arranged in the plane direction by an exposure process and has a plurality of convex portions or concave portions. A step of forming a first base material, a photosensitive resin is applied to the surface of the first base material, and a second base material having a plurality of continuous convex portions or concave portions is formed by an exposure process. A method of manufacturing a light-reflecting film, comprising: a step; and a step of forming a reflective layer on the surface of the second base material. By carrying out in this way, the reflective layer can be made into a comparatively gentle curved surface through the first base material composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions and the second base material which is a continuous layer thereon. . Therefore, it is possible to easily provide a light reflecting film which is easy to manufacture and has less generation of interference fringes when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like.

Still another aspect of the present invention is an optical display comprising an optical element sandwiched between substrates, and a light reflection film provided on a substrate opposite to the observation side of the optical element. In the device, the light-reflecting film is composed of a base material and a reflective layer, and the positions of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the base material are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are arranged in a plane direction. It is an optical display device characterized by being randomly arranged. With such a configuration, the light reflecting film causes light scattering to an appropriate degree, and it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of interference fringes in the optical display device. Further, in the case of an optical display device including such a light reflection film, it is possible to improve the appearance even when the surface is relatively flat and a light scattering film and a protective plate are further combined. it can.

In constructing the optical display device of the present invention, it is preferable that a light-scattering film is provided on the substrate on the observation side of the optical element. When a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the light reflecting film are randomly arranged in the plane direction, an irregular spot pattern may be visible. Use the light reflecting film in combination with the light scattering film in this way. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the sight of such an irregular stain pattern.

In constructing the optical display device of the present invention, it is preferable that a protective plate is provided on the observation side of the optical display device. With this configuration, the mechanical strength of the optical display device can be increased and the appearance of the optical display device can be improved.

Still another aspect of the present invention is an electronic apparatus including an optical display device having a light reflecting film, wherein the light reflecting film includes a base material and a reflective layer, and is formed on the base material. Further, the electronic device is characterized in that the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. With such a configuration, the light reflecting film appropriately scatters the light, and it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of interference fringes in the electronic device. In addition, if the electronic device is provided with such a light reflection film, the appearance can be improved even if the surface is relatively flat and a light scattering film and a protective plate are further combined. .

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Needless to say,
The embodiments described below show one aspect of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention at all, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

[First Embodiment] In the first embodiment, for example, a mask 20 for manufacturing a light reflecting film as shown in FIG. The mask is characterized in that the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions 22 are randomly arranged in a plane direction by allocating by a function.

1. Light Transmission Portion or Light Non-Transmission Portion (1) The light transmission portion or light non-transmission portion of the shape mask is an independent circle (including an ellipse. The same applies hereinafter) as shown in FIG.
And a polygon, or one of them, or as shown in FIG. 1 (b), overlapping circles (including ellipses. The same applies hereinafter) and overlapping polygons, or either one. It is preferable to have a flat shape. The reason for this is that by making the plane shape of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion into such a circle or a polygon, when the exposure process is carried out to manufacture the light reflecting film, the uneven arrangement of the resin becomes complicated. This is because it can be done. Also,
This is because such a circle or polygon is a basic figure, so that the mask itself can be easily manufactured. In addition, preferable polygons include quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon and the like.

(2) Diameter and spacing The diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion in the mask is 3
It is preferable to set the value within the range of ˜15 μm. The reason for this is that if the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is less than 3 μm, even if an exposure process is used in manufacturing the light reflecting film, the planar shape and arrangement pattern of the convex portions or concave portions can be accurately determined. This is because it may be difficult to control. Further, if the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is less than 3 μm, it may be difficult to manufacture the mask itself. On the other hand, when the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion exceeds 15 μm, it becomes difficult to appropriately scatter the light in the obtained light reflecting film light, and the scattering characteristic deteriorates to cause dark reflection. Because there is. Therefore, the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion of the mask is more preferably set to a value within the range of 5 to 13 μm, and further preferably set to a value within the range of 6 to 12 μm.

It is preferable that at least one of the light transmitting portion and the light non-transmitting portion of the mask has a diameter of 5 μm or more. That is, when there is a light transmitting portion or a light non-transmitting portion having a different diameter, the diameter of at least one light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is set to a value of 5 μm or more, and other light having a different diameter is used. The diameter of the transmissive portion or the light non-transmissive portion may be less than 5 μm. The reason for this is that if the planar shape of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is a circle or a polygon of less than 5 μm, the obtained light reflecting film will often scatter light excessively, resulting in dark reflection. This is because there are cases where However, if the diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion becomes excessively large, the specular reflectance may increase, but dark reflection may occur.

Further, when the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion in the mask is independently present, it is preferable to set the interval (pitch) to a value within the range of 3.5 to 30 μm.
The reason for this is that if the distance between the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions is less than 3.5 μm, the independence of the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions may decrease. On the other hand, if the distance between the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions exceeds 30 μm, the random disposition property of the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions may deteriorate. Therefore, the interval (pitch) between the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the mask is 5 to 20 μm.
It is more preferable to set the value within the range of m, and the interval (pitch) between the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the mask is 7 to 1
It is more preferable to set the value within the range of 5 μm. The interval between the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions is the distance from the center to the center of the adjacent light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions, and is an average value of 10 or more places. When the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions of the mask are made to overlap with each other, the value is set to be a few μm lower than the above numerical value.

(3) Types It is preferable to provide 2 to 10 types of light transmitting portions or light non-transmitting portions with different diameters of the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the mask. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, light transmitting portions or light non-transmitting portions having different diameters are provided in one random pattern. The reason for this is that the presence of such light transmitting portions or light non-transmitting portions having different diameters makes it possible to more efficiently manufacture the light reflecting film with less occurrence of interference fringes. That is, when the light reflecting film is manufactured using such a mask, the resulting array of convex portions or concave portions is more dispersed, and light can be scattered appropriately. Therefore, when such a light reflection film is used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, it is possible to more effectively prevent the occurrence of interference fringes.

As a combination of patterns consisting of light transmitting portions or light non-transmitting portions having different diameters in the mask,
The following examples can be given. 1) Combination of 7.5 μm hexagonal pattern and 9 μm hexagonal pattern 2) Combination of 5 μm hexagonal pattern, 7.5 μm hexagonal pattern and 9 μm hexagonal pattern 3) 4.5 μm The combination of the square pattern of 5 μm, the square pattern of 5 μm, the hexagonal pattern of 7.5 μm, the hexagonal pattern of 9 μm, and the hexagonal pattern of 11 μm is preferable.

(4) Area ratio Further, the area ratio of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion of the mask is
The value is preferably within the range of 10 to 60% with respect to the entire area. The reason is that the area ratio is 10%
This is because when the value is less than 1, the area occupied by the plurality of convex portions or concave portions becomes small when the light reflecting film is manufactured, the flat portion increases, and the light scattering effect may significantly decrease. On the other hand, even if the area ratio exceeds 60%, the flat portion may increase and the light scattering effect may be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the area ratio of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion of the mask to a value within the range of 15 to 50% with respect to the entire area, and a value within the range of 20 to 40%. Is more preferable. As the photosensitive resin constituting the base material, when a positive type is used, the portion irradiated with the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion is photolyzed and solubilized in the developer, The area ratio of the light opaque part of the mask becomes a problem, and when a negative type is used,
The area irradiated by the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion is photo-cured and becomes insoluble in the developer, so that the area ratio of the light transmitting portion of the mask becomes a problem.

2. Random Array (1) Random Array 1 In the first embodiment, for example, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 5, the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions in the mask are randomly arranged in the plane direction by assigning a random function. That is, the following advantages can be obtained by using a mask that is not completely arbitrary by the allocation of such random functions. Since the random array is designed to some extent automatically, the mask pattern can be designed easily and in a short time. It is easy to search the degree of a preferable random arrangement in the mask pattern. Since the random array design is not arbitrary, the reproducibility of the reflection characteristics of the mask pattern when iteratively designed is excellent. Note that the random arrangement simply means that the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged, but more accurately, the mask is cut into unit areas and the masks are stacked. In this case, it means that the patterns are completely different from each other or partially overlapped with each other, but not completely matched.

(2) Random array 2 When allocating the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion in the mask by a random function, an arbitrary number of 0 to 1 is generated by the random function, and based on the number. It is possible to distribute numbers 1 to n (n is an arbitrary natural number of 2 to 1000) to all dots and to associate n kinds of random patterns created in advance with the distributed numbers. preferable. By designing in this manner, it is possible to generate a random number of 0 to 1 and use a simple random function to easily and quickly design a mask pattern having a non-arbitrary and preferable reflection characteristic. is there. Further, when designed in this way, although it is necessary to create n kinds of random patterns in advance,
This is because, compared to the case where a random function is not used, a random pattern having a small area can be designed, so that the mask pattern itself can be designed easily and in a short time. For example, even if it is a mask for a 17-inch LCD panel, it is sufficient to create about 12 kinds of random patterns in advance when using a random function. Furthermore, by appropriately changing the n kinds of random patterns created in advance, it is possible to easily search for a random pattern having preferable reflection characteristics in a short time. For example, even with a 17-inch LCD panel mask, a random pattern having preferable reflection characteristics can be created by appropriately changing about 12 kinds of random patterns.

(3) Random array 3 Further, when allocating the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion in the mask by the random function, the pixel electrode in the liquid crystal display device or the like in which the light reflecting film to be formed is used, that is, RGB The dots are preferably arranged randomly in the plane direction. That is, the RGB dots 100 to 100 in the liquid crystal display device or the like using the light reflecting film
It is preferable to repeat 2,000 units as one unit and arrange them randomly in the plane direction. For example, in FIG.
~ As shown in FIG. 4, 1 pixel (RGB: 3 dots), 2
Pixels (RGB: 6 dots) or 4 pixels (RGB: 12
Although it is also preferable to make one unit as a dot, it is more preferable to repeat a random pattern consisting of a light transmitting portion or a light non-transmitting portion with 324 pixels (RGB: 972 dots) as one unit as shown in FIG. preferable. The reason for this is that in the case of a mask in which some groups of such RGB dots are used as a basic unit, a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the light reflecting film obtained from this will appropriately scatter light and cause interference fringes. This is because the occurrence can be effectively prevented.
In addition, when a light reflection film having a simple random pattern is used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, an irregular spot pattern may appear, but such a light reflection film having a random pattern with one pixel as a unit is used. This is because the presence of the irregular stain pattern can be effectively reduced.
Furthermore, since the pattern is formed by using some groups of RGB dots as a basic unit, the information amount of the pattern can be reduced.

(4) Random array 4 In allocating the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion in the mask by a random function, as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to randomly arrange the light transmissive portions or the light non-transmissive portions in the horizontal single row direction or the vertical single row direction. With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the interference fringes caused by the light reflecting film only by arranging the random pattern in the horizontal single-row direction or the vertical single-row direction, while the small amount of information results in a preferable reflection as a whole. This is because a random pattern having characteristics can be designed easily and in a short time. For example, a mask for a 17-inch LCD panel is evenly divided in the horizontal direction into 1 / n (n is a natural number in the range of 2 to 1000), and in the mask pattern in the horizontal single row direction, a light transmitting portion or a light is used. It is sufficient to allocate the opaque part by a random function and repeat it n times. Further, by repeating the random pattern of the predetermined unit in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction in this way, it is possible to obtain a random pattern having a preferable reflection characteristic as a whole with good reproducibility.

[Second Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 8, the second embodiment shows a case where a negative photosensitive resin is used as an example, but it includes a base material 77 and a reflective layer 72. In the substrate 70 with a light reflection film, the positions of the plurality of convex portions 76 formed on the base material 77 are assigned by a random function,
It is a substrate 70 with a light reflecting film, which is characterized by being randomly arranged in the plane direction.

1. As the configuration of the base material, as shown in FIG. 8, a first base material 76 and a second base material 79 are sequentially included from below, and the first base material 76 is independent or partially overlaps. It is preferable that the second base material 79 is composed of a plurality of convex portions and the second base material 79 is a continuous layer. With this configuration, the reflective layer 7 formed on the second base material 79, which is a continuous layer, is formed on the second base material 79.
Since 2 can be a comparatively gentle curved surface with few flat portions, it is possible to effectively prevent the generation of interference fringes when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. Further, in the case of a plurality of protrusions or depressions formed in the base material, when the base material includes the first base material and the second base material,
Usually, it means a plurality of convex portions or concave portions constituting the first base material. Hereinafter, as a preferable example, as shown in FIG. 8, a case where the base material 77 is composed of a first base material 76 and a second base material 79 from below will be described as an example.

(1) First Base Material It is preferable that the height of the plurality of protrusions or the depth of the plurality of recesses in the first base material is set to a value within the range of 0.5 to 5 μm. The reason for this is that the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is 0.5 μm.
This is because if the value is less than m, it may be difficult to provide the reflective layer having an appropriate curved surface via the second base material. On the other hand, the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is 5
This is because if the thickness exceeds μm, the unevenness of the reflective layer becomes large, which may cause excessive scattering of light or easy disconnection. Therefore, it is more preferable to set the height of the plurality of protrusions or the depth of the plurality of recesses in the first substrate to a value within the range of 0.8 to 4 μm, and preferably a value within the range of 1 to 3 μm. More preferable.

(2) Second Substrate It is preferable that the height of the continuous convex portion or the depth of the concave portion in the second substrate is set to a value within the range of 0.1 to 3 μm.
This is because the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is 0.1.
This is because if the value is less than μm, it may be difficult to provide a reflective layer having an appropriate curved surface thereon. On the other hand, if the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion exceeds 3 μm, the irregularities of the reflecting layer formed thereon may become large, and light may be excessively scattered or easily broken. This is because. Therefore, the height of the plurality of protrusions or the depth of the recesses in the second base material is set to 0.1 to 2 μm.
It is more preferable to set the value within the range of m, and it is 0.3 to 2
It is more preferable to set the value within the range of μm.

(3) Plural Convex or Recessed Planes of Convex or Recessed Concerning the planar shapes of the plurality of convex or concave formed on the substrate, independent circles and polygons, or overlapping circles and It is preferably polygonal or any one of the planar shapes thereof. The reason for this is that the independent circles and polygons, the overlapping circles and / or polygons, or the planar shape of any one of them are used to form the planar shape or the arrangement pattern of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions by using the exposure process. , Because it can be controlled accurately. Further, it is because such a plane-shaped convex portion or concave portion can scatter light and effectively prevent the generation of interference fringes.

As a preferred example of the planar shape of the convex portion, an offset elliptical shape (droplet shape) as shown in FIG. 9A or an offset quadrangular shape (pyramid type) as shown in FIG. 9B. ), Or as a preferred example of the planar shape of the concave portion, an elliptical dome shape and an oval dome shape shown in FIGS. The reason for this is that by setting the planar shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions to be such a planar shape, in combination with the slope in the height direction, a predetermined light scattering property is maintained. This is because the light directivity is improved as it is. In FIG. 10, the dashed line a indicates the amount of light that is visible when the ellipse is offset as shown in FIG. 9A, and the solid line b is the amount of light that is seen when the circle is a uniform circle that is not offset. Is shown. Therefore,
With such a planar shape, when viewed from a certain direction, for example, a large amount of light enters the eye at a position where the angle is + 15 °, and a bright image can be recognized at that position.

Diameter of convex portion or concave portion Further, regarding a plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the substrate,
It is preferable to set the diameter of the convex portion or the concave portion to a value within the range of 3 to 15 μm. The reason for this is that if there are a plurality of protrusions or recesses having a diameter in such a range, the planar shape and arrangement pattern can be accurately controlled using the exposure process, and light can be scattered appropriately to cause interference. This is because the occurrence of stripes can be effectively prevented. In addition, if there are a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having a diameter in such a range, an irregular spot pattern is less likely to be observed. Therefore, it is more preferable that the diameters of the plurality of protrusions or recesses be within the range of 5 to 13 μm, and even more preferably within the range of 6 to 12 μm. Further, it is preferable that the plurality of convex portions or concave portions have different diameters, and, for example, 2 to 10 types of convex portions or concave portions are provided. This is because such a configuration enables complicated light reflection that cannot be obtained by one type of convex portion or concave portion, and allows light to be dispersed and scattered. Therefore, by providing a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having different diameters, it is possible to more effectively prevent the occurrence of interference fringes.

Height of convex portion or depth of concave portion With respect to the plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the substrate,
The height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is preferably set to a value within the range of 0.1 to 10 μm. The reason for this is that if the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is a value less than 0.1 μm, the unevenness may be reduced and the scattering characteristics may be deteriorated even if an exposure process is used. On the other hand, when the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion exceeds 10 μm, the irregularities of the reflective layer become large, and light may be excessively scattered or easily broken. Therefore, the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is more preferably set to a value within the range of 0.2 to 3 μm, and further preferably set to a value within the range of 0.3 to 2 μm.

Random Arrangement 1 The positions of a plurality of protrusions or recesses formed on the surface of the base material, particularly the positions of a plurality of protrusions or recesses forming the first base material, are assigned by a random function and arranged randomly in the plane direction. It is characterized by The reason for this is that, conversely, when a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are regularly arranged, interference fringes occur when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, and the image quality is significantly deteriorated. Further, the random arrangement by the random function makes the arrangement of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions automatically designed to some extent, facilitates the search for the degree of a preferable random arrangement, and further, even in the case of repeated design, This is because the reproducibility of characteristics is excellent. Further, it is preferable that the heights of the plurality of convex portions or the depths of the concave portions are substantially equal. The reason for this is, on the contrary, as described in JP-A-6-27481 and JP-A-11-281972, if the heights of the plurality of protrusions or the depths of the recesses are made different, the manufacturing becomes difficult. Therefore, it is impossible to stably suppress the generation of interference fringes.

Random Arrangement 2 In randomly arranging a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the planar direction, the RGB dots 100 to 2,000 in a liquid crystal display device or the like in which a light reflecting film is used are regarded as one unit and are randomly arranged. Preferably. The reason is R
This is because even with a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having some of the GB dots as a unit, the plurality of convex portions or concave portions can appropriately scatter light and effectively prevent the generation of interference fringes. . Further, when a light reflection film having a simple random pattern is used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, an irregular stain pattern may appear, but such a light reflection film having a random pattern with one pixel as a unit is used. This is because the presence of the irregular stain pattern can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, since the patterning is performed using RGB dots as a unit, the amount of information of the pattern can be reduced, and the alignment of the pattern when manufacturing the light reflecting film becomes easy.

Random arrangement 3 In order to randomly arrange a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the plane direction, a plurality of convex portions or concave portions may be randomly arranged in a horizontal single row direction or a vertical single row direction, and this may be repeated. preferable. With such a configuration, it is possible to easily and quickly design a random pattern composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having a preferable reflection characteristic with a small amount of information. For example, a 17-inch LCD light-reflecting film is evenly divided in the lateral direction into 1 / n (n is a natural number in the range of 2 to 1000), and in the light-reflecting film in the lateral single-row direction,
It is sufficient to allocate a random pattern composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions by a random function and repeat it n times. Further, by repeating the random pattern composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction in this manner, it is possible to obtain a light reflecting film having a preferable reflection characteristic as a whole with good reproducibility.

(4) Opening It is preferable that the light reflecting film is provided with an opening for partially passing light. With this configuration, it can be used in a reflective / transmissive liquid crystal display device and the like. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, by providing the opening 102 in a part of the light reflection film 100, the light reflection film 100 can efficiently reflect the light from the outside, and the light emitted from the inside. Light can also be effectively emitted to the outside through the opening 102. The size of the opening is not particularly limited and is preferably determined depending on the application of the light reflecting film. For example, when the total area of the light reflecting film is 100%, it is 5 to 80. The value is preferably in the range of%, more preferably in the range of 10 to 70%, and even more preferably in the range of 20 to 60%.

2. Reflective Layer (1) Thickness The thickness of the reflective layer in the light reflective film is preferably set to a value within the range of 0.05 to 5 μm. The reason for this is that if the thickness of the reflective layer is less than 0.05 μm, the reflective effect may be significantly poor. On the other hand, if the thickness of the reflective layer exceeds 5 μm, the flexibility of the obtained light reflective film may be deteriorated or the manufacturing time may be excessively long. Therefore, the thickness of the reflective layer is more preferably set to a value within the range of 0.07 to 1 μm, and further preferably set to a value within the range of 0.1 to 0.3 μm.

(2) Type The constituent material of the reflective layer is not particularly limited,
For example, aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), copper (C
u), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), tantalum (W), nickel (Ni), and the like are preferably metal materials having excellent conductivity and light reflectivity. It is also preferable to use a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium oxide, or tin oxide on the reflective layer. However, when such a metal material or a transparent conductive material is used, if there is melting into the liquid crystal, an electric insulating film may be provided on the surface of the reflective film made of the metal material, or the like, together with the metal material, It is also preferable to sputter an electric insulator.

(3) Underlayer Further, in forming the reflective layer on the second substrate, in order to improve the adhesion and to form the reflective layer into a gently curved surface, the thickness is 0.01 to 2 μm. It is preferable to provide an underlayer. In addition, as a constituent material of such an underlayer, a silane coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, an aluminum-magnesium alloy, an aluminum-silane alloy, an aluminum-copper alloy, an aluminum-manganese alloy, an aluminum-gold. The alloys may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

(4) Specular reflectance Further, it is preferable to set the specular reflectance of the reflective layer to a value within the range of 5 to 50%. The reason for this is that if the specular reflectance is less than 5%, the brightness of the obtained display image may be significantly reduced when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like. On the other hand, the specular reflectance is 50
If it exceeds%, the scattering property will decrease and the background reflection and
This is because the external light may be excessively specularly reflected. Therefore, the specular reflectance of the reflective layer is more preferably set to a value within the range of 10 to 40%, further preferably set to a value within the range of 15 to 30%.

3. Combination with other constituent members The above-described light reflecting film is used for other constituent members, for example, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a color filter 150, a light shielding layer 151, an overcoat layer 157, a plurality of transparent electrodes 15.
4 is preferably combined with an alignment film or the like. By combining in this way, the occurrence of interference fringes is small,
It is possible to efficiently provide members such as a color liquid crystal display device. For example, by combining the color filters 150 such as a stripe array, a mosaic array, or a delta array configured by three color elements of RGB (red, blue, green), colorization can be easily achieved, and the light shielding layer 151 can be further provided. By combining with, it is possible to obtain an image with excellent contrast. Further, although the light reflecting film can be used as a reflecting electrode, by providing another electrode, for example, the transparent electrode 154, the influence of the reflecting film composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions is eliminated while preventing light absorption. can do. Further, it is also preferable that the color filter is composed of three color elements of YMC (yellow, magenta, cyan), which is excellent in light transmission characteristics and obtains a brighter display when used as a reflective liquid crystal display device. You can

[Third Embodiment] The third embodiment is a method for manufacturing a light-reflecting film including a base material and a reflecting layer, in which the positions of the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are assigned by a random function.
By using a mask in which the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction by a random function, the photosensitive resin applied is exposed to a plurality of randomly arranged plane directions by an exposure process. A step of forming a first base material having a convex portion or a concave portion, and a second step having a plurality of continuous convex portions or concave portions by applying a photosensitive resin on the surface of the first base material and performing an exposure process. And a step of forming a reflective layer on the surface of the second base material, the method for producing a light reflecting film. Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 12 and 13 as appropriate, the first
The method for manufacturing the light reflecting film (the substrate with the light reflecting film) will be specifically described by taking as an example the case where the recess is formed on the surface of the base material. Note that FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the manufacturing process of the light reflecting film, and FIG. 13 is a flowchart thereof.

1. A plurality of convex portions or concave portions randomly and independently arranged in the plane direction of the step of forming the first base material are formed from a photosensitive resin by an exposure process by using the mask described in the first embodiment. It is preferably formed. That is, the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is formed into a plane shape of an independent or partially overlapping circle and / or a polygon, and a mask arranged in a plane direction by a random function is used. It is preferable that the plurality of convex portions or concave portions arranged at random are formed of a photosensitive resin, for example, a positive photosensitive resin, by an exposure process.

(1) Photosensitive resin The type of the photosensitive resin constituting the first base material is not particularly limited, but for example, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, Examples of the oxetane resin include one kind alone or a combination of two or more kinds. In addition, silica particles, in the photosensitive resin, can be accurately formed into a predetermined circle or polygon.
It is also preferable to add an inorganic filler such as titanium oxide, zirconia oxide, or aluminum oxide. As described above, the photosensitive resin forming the first base material is a positive type resin in which a portion irradiated with the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion is photodegraded and solubilized in the developer. There is a negative type in which a part irradiated with light transmitted through the light transmitting part is hardened and becomes insoluble in a developer, but any of them can be preferably used.

(2) Exposure Process As shown in step P31 of FIG. 12A and FIG. 13, in forming the first base 112, a spin coater or the like is used to form the first base. It is preferable that the first resin layer 110 is formed by uniformly coating a photosensitive resin on the support 114. In that case, as the spin coater condition, for example, at a rotation speed of 600 to 2,000 rpm, 5
It is preferably set to -20 seconds. Then, in order to improve the resolution, as shown in step P32 of FIG.
It is preferred to pre-bake layer 110. In that case,
For example, using a hot plate, 80-120 ℃, 1
It is preferable to set heating conditions for 10 minutes.

Next, step P in FIG. 12B and FIG.
As shown in 33, the first layer 11 made of a photosensitive resin uniformly applied using the mask 119 of the first embodiment.
It is preferable to expose the i-line and the like after placing the mask 119 of the first embodiment on 0. In that case, it is preferable to set the exposure amount of the i-line or the like to a value within a range of 50 to 300 mJ / cm ² , for example.

Then, step P in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 34, by the developing solution, for example, the mask 1
By positively developing the part of the light-transmitting part 117 that has passed through the light-transmitting part 117, the first base material 112 which is randomly arranged in the plane direction and has a plurality of convex parts or concave parts which are independent or partially overlap each other is formed. You can The second base material 11
Before forming No. 3, as shown in process P35 of FIG. 13 and FIG. 36, for example, after post-exposure over the entire surface so that the exposure amount is 300 mJ / cm ² , 220 ° C., 50
Post bake by heating under the condition of minutes, the first
It is also preferable to further strengthen the base material 112.

2. Step of forming the second base material In the step of forming the second base material, a continuous layer is formed on the first base material, that is, on the plurality of concave portions randomly arranged in the planar direction by resin coating or the like. Is a step of forming the second base material.

(1) Photosensitive resin The type of the photosensitive resin constituting the second base material is not particularly limited, but for example, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, etc. Is mentioned. Further, since the adhesion between the first base material and the second base material is improved, the photosensitive resin forming the second base material,
It is preferable that the same kind as the photosensitive resin that constitutes the first base material. Since the adhesion between the first base material and the second base material is improved, the surface of the first base material is preferably treated with a silane coupling agent or the like.

(2) Exposure step As shown in steps P37 to P40 of FIG. 12D and FIG. 13, in forming the second base material 113, the second step is performed.
After applying the photosensitive resin that constitutes the base material 113, it is preferable to remove the resin layer by exposing the mounting area around the panel display area with an i-line or the like. Also in this case, the first base material 11
Similarly to the case of exposing 2, the exposure amount of the i-line or the like is set to, for example, 5
The value is preferably in the range of 0 to 300 mJ / cm ² .

Further, as shown in steps P41 to P42 of FIG. 13, after forming the second base material 113, as an example, after the entire surface is post-exposed so that the exposure amount is 300 mJ / cm ² , It is also preferable that the first base material 112 and the second base material 113 are further strengthened by being post-baked by heating at 220 ° C. for 50 minutes.

3. Step of forming the reflective layer In the step of forming the reflective layer, as shown in Steps P43 to P44 of FIG. 12 (e) and FIG. This is a step of forming the reflective layer 116 having a smooth curved surface.

(1) Reflective Layer Material As the reflective layer material, as described in the second embodiment, it is preferable to use a metal material having excellent light reflectivity such as aluminum (Al) and silver (Ag). .

(2) Forming Method It is preferable to form the reflecting layer by using a technique such as sputtering. In addition, the reflective layer material other than the desired portion,
It can be removed by a technique such as photoetching. Further, since the surface of the second base material has irregularities, the reflective layer material may not be laminated to have a uniform thickness. In such a case, it is preferable to employ the rotary evaporation method or the rotary sputtering method. Furthermore, while forming a reflection layer, the reflection layer is formed by a TFT (Thin Film Transistor),
It is preferable to electrically connect to a terminal such as MIM (Metal Insulating Metal).

[Fourth Embodiment] In the fourth embodiment, as an active element, a two-terminal active element TFD (Thin
A liquid crystal display device of an active matrix system using a film diode, comprising a liquid crystal element sandwiched between substrates,
A substrate with a light reflection film provided on a substrate on the side opposite to the observation side of the liquid crystal element, wherein the substrate with the light reflection film comprises a base material and a reflection layer, and is formed on the base material. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction. Hereinafter, a specific description will be given with reference to FIGS. 24 to 26. A semi-transmissive reflective liquid crystal device of a system capable of selectively performing reflective display using external light and transmissive display using an illuminating device. Take for example.

First, also in this embodiment, the liquid crystal device 23
As shown in FIG. 24, 0 indicates that the first substrate 231a and the second substrate 231b are bonded to each other with a sealing material (not shown), and further, a gap surrounded by the first substrate 231a, the second substrate 231b and the sealing material. That is, it is formed by enclosing the liquid crystal in the cell gap. A liquid crystal driving IC (not shown) is provided on the surface of one substrate 231b.
However, it is preferable to be directly mounted by, for example, a COG (Chip on glass) method. And in FIG.
In FIG. 25, some of the plurality of display dots forming the display area of the liquid crystal device 230 are shown in an enlarged scale, and FIG. 25 shows the sectional structure of one display dot portion.

Here, as shown in FIG. 24, the second substrate 2
A plurality of pixel electrodes are formed in a dot matrix arrangement in the row direction XX and the column direction YY in the inner region surrounded by the seal material 31b. In addition, the first substrate 2
A striped electrode is formed in the inner region surrounded by the sealing material 31a, and the striped electrode is the second electrode.
It is arranged so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes on the substrate 231b side. Further, a portion where the liquid crystal is sandwiched between the stripe-shaped electrode on the first substrate 231a and one pixel electrode on the second substrate 231b forms one display dot, and a plurality of the display dots are surrounded by the sealant. A display area is formed by arranging in a dot matrix shape in the internal area. Further, the liquid crystal driving IC selectively controls the orientation of the liquid crystal for each display dot by selectively applying the scanning signal and the data signal between the counter electrodes in the plurality of display dots. That is, the light passing through the liquid crystal is modulated by controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal, and characters are displayed in the display area.
Images such as numbers are displayed.

Further, in FIG. 25, the first substrate 231a
Is a base material 2 formed of glass, plastic, or the like.
36a, a light reflection film 231 formed on the inner surface of the base material 236a, a color filter 242 formed on the light reflection film 231, and a transparent stripe shape formed on the color filter 242. An electrode 243. The alignment film 24 is formed on the striped electrode 243.
1a is formed. A rubbing process as an alignment process is performed on the alignment film 241a. The striped electrodes 243 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). In addition, the first substrate 231a
The second substrate 231b facing the substrate 236b and the substrate 236b formed of glass, plastic, or the like, and the substrate 236b.
b as an active element that functions as a switching element formed on the inner surface of b.
e) 247 and a pixel electrode 239 connected to this TFD 247. An alignment film 241b is formed on the TFD 247 and the pixel electrode 239, and the alignment film 241 is formed.
A rubbing process as an alignment process is performed on b.
The pixel electrode 239 is, for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide)
And the like are formed of a transparent conductive material. In addition, the color filters 242 belonging to the first substrate 231a are
R (red) at a position facing the pixel electrode 239 on the 31b side,
G (green), B (blue) or Y (yellow), M (magenta), C (cyan), or any other color filter element 242a of each color is provided, and a black mask 242b is provided at a position not facing the pixel electrode 239. It is preferable to have

Further, as shown in FIG. 25, the first substrate 23
The space between 1a and the second substrate 231b, that is, the cell gap, is maintained in size by the spherical spacers 304 dispersed on the surface of one of the substrates, and the liquid crystal is sealed in the cell gap. Here, TFD247 is
As shown in FIG. 25, a first metal layer 244, an insulating layer 246 formed on the surface of the first metal layer 244, and a second metal layer 248 formed on the insulating layer 246 are formed. ing. As described above, the TFD 247 has a laminated structure including the first metal layer / insulating layer / second metal layer, that is, a so-called MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) structure. The first metal layer 244 is formed of, for example, a tantalum simple substance, a tantalum alloy, or the like. When a tantalum alloy is used as the first metal layer 244, tantalum as a main component is added to groups 6 to 8 in the periodic table such as tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, rhenium, yttrium, lanthanum, and disprolium. The element to which it belongs is added.

The first metal layer 244 is the line wiring 24.
9 of the first layer 249a is integrally formed. The line wiring 249 is formed in a stripe shape with the pixel electrode 239 interposed therebetween, and functions as a scanning line for supplying a scanning signal to the pixel electrode 239 or a data line for supplying a data signal to the pixel electrode 239. In addition, the insulating layer 246 is formed of, for example, tantalum oxide (Ta) formed by oxidizing the surface of the first metal layer 244 by an anodic oxidation method.
₂ O ₅ ). When the first metal layer 244 is anodized, the first layer 24 of the line wiring 249 is
The surface of 9a is also oxidized at the same time to form a second layer 249b also made of tantalum oxide. The second metal layer 248 is formed of a conductive material such as Cr. Part of the pixel electrode 239 is the second metal layer 248.
Is formed on the surface of the base material 236b so as to overlap the tip of the base material 236b. The first metal layer 244 is formed on the surface of the base material 236b.
In addition, before forming the first layer 249a of the line wiring, a base layer may be formed of tantalum oxide or the like. This is to prevent the first metal layer 244 from being separated from the base by heat treatment after the deposition of the second metal layer 248,
This is to prevent impurities from diffusing into the first metal layer 244.

The light-reflecting film 231 formed on the first substrate 231a is formed of a light-reflecting metal such as aluminum, and is located at a position corresponding to each pixel electrode 239 belonging to the second substrate 231b. An opening 241 for transmitting light is formed at a position corresponding to the display dot. Further, on the liquid crystal side surface of the light reflection film 231, for example,
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 19 to 23, the oval and dome-shaped troughs or peaks 80, 84, 180, 190, 20.
It is preferable that 0, 210 and 220 are formed. That is, such valleys or peaks 80, 84, 180, 19
It is preferable that 0, 200, 210, and 220 are arranged such that the X-axis direction, which is the extending direction of the line wiring, has a long axis and the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction has a short axis. In addition, valleys or mountains 80, 84, 180, 190, 20
The major axis X of 0, 210, 220 is set parallel to the edge of the base material extending in the XX direction, and the minor axis Y is set parallel to the edge of the base material extending in the YY direction. Preferably.

Since the liquid crystal display device 230 of the fourth embodiment is configured as described above, the liquid crystal display device 230 concerned.
When performing the reflective display, the liquid crystal display device 230 is viewed from the viewer side, that is, the second substrate 231b side in FIG.
Light that has entered the inside of the light passes through the liquid crystal and is reflected by the light reflection film 23.
1 is reached, reflected by the reflective film 231, and supplied again to the liquid crystal (see arrow F1 in FIG. 25). The orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled for each display dot by the voltage applied between the pixel electrode 239 and the stripe-shaped counter electrode 243, that is, the scanning signal and the data signal, whereby the reflected light supplied to the liquid crystal is displayed. It is modulated for each dot, so that an image such as letters and numbers is displayed on the observer side. On the other hand, when the liquid crystal display device 230 performs transmissive display,
A lighting device (not shown) arranged outside the first substrate 231a, a so-called backlight emits light, and the emitted light emits light through the polarizing plate 233a, the retardation film 232a, the base material 236a, the opening 241 of the light reflection film 231, and the color. Filter 242, electrode 2
After passing through 43 and the alignment film 241a, the liquid crystal is supplied to the liquid crystal (see arrow F2 in FIG. 25). After that, the display is performed in the same manner as in the case of the reflective display.

In the fourth embodiment, the positions of the projections or recesses are assigned by a random function on the base material of the substrate with the light reflection film, and the projections or recesses are randomly arranged in the plane direction. Therefore, the occurrence of interference fringes can be reduced. Further, in the fourth embodiment, as described above, when the three-dimensional shape along the X-axis and the three-dimensional shape along the Y-axis in the plurality of protrusions or recesses are different from each other, a constant viewing angle direction is obtained. It is possible to increase the amount of reflected light in another specific viewing angle direction while suppressing the amount of reflected light to be low. As a result, the observer can observe the image displayed in the display area of the liquid crystal display device as a very bright display in a specific viewing angle direction during the reflective display performed using the light reflecting film.

[Fifth Embodiment] A fifth embodiment is a liquid crystal including a liquid crystal element sandwiched between substrates and a light-reflecting film provided on a substrate opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal element. In the display device, the light reflecting film is composed of a base material and a reflective layer, and the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the base material are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are formed. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being randomly arranged in a plane direction. Hereinafter, the passive-matrix reflective liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 15 as appropriate. In each drawing shown below, the scale may be different for each layer and each member in order to make each layer and each member recognizable in the drawing.

1. Configuration As shown in FIG. 15, in the liquid crystal display device 140, a first substrate 141 and a second substrate 142 facing each other are bonded together via a sealing material 158, and the liquid crystal 14 is provided between both substrates.
4 is enclosed. Further, on the observation side of the liquid crystal display device 141, the protective plate 1 having a light transmitting property is provided.
45 are provided. The protection plate 145 is a plate-like member for protecting the liquid crystal display device 140 from an impact given from the outside, and is provided, for example, in a housing of an electronic device in which the liquid crystal display device 140 is mounted. Also, the protective plate 1
Reference numeral 45 denotes a first substrate 141 in the liquid crystal display device 140.
It is arranged so as to be close to the substrate surface of the (observation side substrate). In addition, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the protective plate 145 made of plastic is brought into contact with the surface of the polarizing plate 146 located closest to the observation side among the constituent elements of the first substrate 141. When the protective plate 145 is made of plastic as described above, it has advantages that it is easy to mold and can be manufactured at low cost, but on the other hand, fine irregularities are easily formed.

On the other hand, the first substrate 14 of the liquid crystal display device 140.
The first and second substrates 142 are light-transmissive plate-shaped members made of glass, quartz, plastic, or the like. Among these, a plurality of transparent electrodes 143 extending in a predetermined direction are formed on the inner surface (on the liquid crystal 144 side) of the first substrate 141 located on the observation side. Each transparent electrode 143 is made of ITO (Indium).
It is a strip-shaped electrode made of a transparent conductive material such as tin oxide. Further, the surface of the first substrate 141 on which these transparent electrodes 143 are formed is covered with an alignment film (not shown). This alignment film is an organic thin film of polyimide or the like, and is subjected to rubbing treatment for defining the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 144 when no voltage is applied.

2. Outside the light-scattering film first substrate 141 (on the side opposite to the liquid crystal 144),
A polarizing plate 146 that polarizes incident light in a predetermined direction, and a scattering layer 147 that is interposed between the first substrate 141 and the polarizing plate 146.
And are provided. The scattering layer 147 is the scattering layer 14
Polarizing plate 1 is a layer for scattering the light passing through 7.
Adhesive 148a for attaching 46 to the first substrate 141
And a large number of fine particles 1 dispersed in the adhesive 148a.
And 48b. As the scattering layer 147, for example, an acrylic or epoxy adhesive 148a in which fine particles 148b made of silica are dispersed can be used. The refractive index of the adhesive 148a and the refractive index of the fine particles 148b are different, and the scattering layer 147
The light incident on is refracted at the boundary between the adhesive 148a and the fine particles 148b. As a result, the incident light on the scattering layer 147 can be emitted while being appropriately scattered.

Furthermore, the scattering layer 14 in the fifth embodiment.
For No. 7, the number of fine particles 148b dispersed in the adhesive 148a, the refractive index of both of them, and the like are selected so that the haze value (cloudiness value) H is within the range of 10 to 60%.
Here, the haze value H is a value that represents the degree to which light incident on a member is scattered when passing through the member, and is defined by the following formula. Haze value (cloudiness value) H = (Td / Tt) × 100 (%)

Here, Tt is the total light transmittance (%), and Td is the scattered light transmittance (%). Total light transmittance T
t is a value representing the ratio of the amount of light transmitted through the sample to the amount of light incident on the sample for which the haze value H is measured. On the other hand, the scattered light transmittance Td is the ratio of the amount of light emitted in a direction other than the predetermined direction (that is, the scattered light amount) to the amount of light transmitted through the sample when the sample is irradiated with light from the predetermined direction. It is a value to represent. That is, when the ratio of the amount of light emitted from the sample in the direction parallel to the incident light is taken as the parallel light transmittance Tp (%), the scattered light transmittance Td is obtained.
Is represented by the difference (Td = Tt−Tp) between the total light transmittance Tt and the parallel light transmittance Tp. As is clear from the above, when the haze value H is high, the degree of scattering is large (that is, the proportion of the scattered light amount in the transmitted light amount is large), and conversely, when the haze value H is low, the degree of scattering is small (that is, the transmitted light amount). The proportion of the scattered light amount in the
Can be said. Regarding the haze value (haze value) H, JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) K6714
-1977.

3. Reflecting Layer (Light Reflecting Film) On the other hand, a reflecting layer 149 is formed on the inner surface (on the side of the liquid crystal 144) of the second substrate 142. This reflective layer 149 is
It is a layer for reflecting the light incident on the liquid crystal display device 140 from the observation side, and is formed of a metal having a light reflectivity such as aluminum or silver. Here, as shown in FIG. 15, a region of the inner surface of the second substrate 142, which is covered by the reflective layer 149, is a rough surface on which a large number of fine protrusions and depressions are formed. More specifically, a light reflection film including a base material and a reflective layer, the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the surface of the base material are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or It is a reflection layer 149 in which concave portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. Therefore, the surface of the reflective layer 149 is a rough surface that reflects the protrusions and depressions on the surface of the second substrate 142. That is, the reflective layer 1
49 has a scattering structure for appropriately scattering the reflected light on the surface to realize a wide viewing angle. More specifically, the reflective layer 149 is formed on a base material composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the base material are assigned by a random function, This is a structure in which the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction.

4. Other Configurations Further, on the surface of the reflective layer 149 covering the second substrate 142, the color filter 150, the light shielding layer 151, and the overcoat for flattening the unevenness formed by the color filter 150 and the light shielding layer 151. A layer 157, a plurality of transparent electrodes 154, and an alignment film (not shown) are formed. Each transparent electrode 154 is a strip-shaped electrode extending in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the transparent electrode 143 on the first substrate 141 (left-right direction on the paper surface in FIG. 15).
Like 43, it is made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO. Under such a configuration, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 144 changes according to the voltage applied between the transparent electrode 143 and the transparent electrode 154. That is, the area where the transparent electrode 143 and the transparent electrode 154 intersect functions as a pixel (sub-pixel). The color filter 150 is a resin layer provided corresponding to each of these pixels, and is colored R, G, or B with a dye or a pigment. In addition, the light shielding layer 151 is a lattice-shaped layer for shielding the gap between the pixels from light, and is formed of, for example, a black resin material in which carbon black is dispersed.

5. Operation The reflective display is realized by the configuration described above. That is, outside light such as sunlight or indoor illumination light is protected by the protective plate 145.
And then enters the liquid crystal display device 140, and the reflective layer 149
Reflected on the surface of. This reflected light is transmitted to the liquid crystal 144 and the first
The liquid crystal display device 140 is transmitted through the substrate 141, is appropriately scattered in the scattering layer 147, and then is transmitted through the polarizing plate 146.
To the observation side. Then, the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140 passes through the protective plate 145 and is visually recognized by an observer.

Here, as described above, when plastic is used as the material of the protective plate 145, it is difficult to make the surface of the protective plate 145 completely flat, and a plurality of fine irregularities are likely to be formed. When the protective plate 145 having such fine irregularities is arranged close to the first substrate 141 of the liquid crystal display device 140, when the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140 passes through the protective plate 145. As a result, the interference fringes corresponding to the unevenness may overlap the display image, resulting in deterioration of display quality. However, as a result of the test by the present inventor, as shown in the above embodiment, the liquid crystal 14
In the case where the light that passes through 4 and reaches the protective plate 145 is scattered by the scattering layer 147, high-quality display can be realized.

Further, in the structure of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 15, it is desirable that the haze value H of the scattering layer 147 is high, that is, the degree of scattering is high, from the viewpoint of suppressing the generation of interference fringes. However, when the haze value H is set to a too high value (for example, a value of 70% or more),
The light from the liquid crystal display device 140 to the protective plate 145 may be scattered too much, which may cause a new problem that the contrast of the display image is lowered, that is, the display image is blurred. on the other hand,
When the haze value H of the scattering layer 147 is set to a value that is too low, for example, a value of 10% or less, spots due to the unevenness are easily visible.

As a result of the test by the present inventor, when the pattern formed by the convex portions or the concave portions is irregularly arranged within one unit defined by 1 dot or 2 dots, the scattering layer 147 is Haze value H of 40% to 60
It is preferable to set the value within the range of%, and it is possible to prevent the contrast of the display image from being remarkably deteriorated, and the protective plate 1
It was found that it is possible to effectively suppress the deterioration of the display quality due to the unevenness of the surface of 45, and to secure a good display quality. When the patterns formed by the convex portions or the concave portions are irregularly arranged within one unit defined by 3 dots or more, the haze value H of the scattering layer 147 is in the range of 10% to 40%. The contrast could be set high by setting the value within.

As shown in the fifth embodiment, the scattering layer 14 in which the fine particles 148b are dispersed in the adhesive 148a.
7 is used, for example, the addition amount (number) of the fine particles 148b
The haze value H can be arbitrarily selected by adjusting. That is, if the amount of the fine particles 148b dispersed in the adhesive 148a is increased, the scattering layer 147 is increased.
Since the incident light on the light is further scattered, the haze value H of the scattering layer 147 can be increased, and conversely, the haze value H of the scattering layer 147 can be decreased by reducing the addition amount of the fine particles. And so on.

According to the fifth embodiment, there is an advantage that the degree of scattering of light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140 can be easily selected over a wide range. That is, in a liquid crystal display device that does not have the scattering layer 147, in order to adjust the degree of scattering of light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140, the shape of the surface of the reflective layer 149, for example, the height of the convex portion or the depth of the concave portion is adjusted. It is necessary to adjust the distance between adjacent convex portions (or concave portions) or the like. However, it is not always easy to accurately form the surface of the reflective layer 149 into a desired shape in consideration of the circumstances of the manufacturing technique for forming the desired unevenness on the second substrate 142. Further, only by adjusting the shape of the surface of the reflective layer 149, the width in which the degree of scattering of light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140 can be adjusted is limited to an extremely narrow range.
On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, even if the shape of the surface of the reflective layer 149 is not significantly changed, by changing the haze value H of the scattering layer 147, for example, the fine particles 148b dispersed in the adhesive 148a. There is an advantage that the degree of scattering of the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 140 can be easily adjusted over a wide range by appropriately adjusting the addition amount of the.

[Sixth Embodiment] The sixth embodiment is a liquid crystal including a liquid crystal element sandwiched between substrates and a light reflecting film provided on a substrate opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal element. In the display device, the light-reflecting film is composed of a base material and a reflecting layer, the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction. It is a passive matrix type transflective liquid crystal display device. Therefore, referring to FIG.
The passive matrix type transflective liquid crystal display device of the sixth embodiment will be specifically described.

1. Basic Configuration As shown in FIG. 16, in the sixth embodiment, a backlight unit 153 is arranged on the back side (the side opposite to the observation side) of the liquid crystal display device 160. The backlight unit 153 includes a plurality of LEDs 15 functioning as a light source.
(Only one LED 15 is shown in FIG. 16), a light guide plate 152 for guiding the light from the LED 15 incident on the side end face to the entire surface of the second substrate 142 in the liquid crystal display device 160, and the light guide plate 152. The diffuser plate 155 that uniformly diffuses the light guided by the liquid crystal display device 160, and the reflector plate that reflects the light emitted from the light guide plate 152 to the side opposite to the liquid crystal display device 160 to the liquid crystal display device 160 side. 156 and. Here, the LED 15 is not always lit, and when used in an environment where there is almost no external light, it illuminates according to an instruction from the user or a detection signal from the sensor.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device 160 according to the sixth embodiment, the opening 159 is formed in the region corresponding to the vicinity of the central portion of each pixel in the reflective layer 149.
The outside of the second substrate 142 (the side opposite to the liquid crystal 144)
Another pair of polarizing plates are attached to the sheet, but the polarizing plate is not shown in FIG.

2. According to the liquid crystal display device 160 having such a configuration, a transmissive display can be realized in addition to the reflective display shown in the fifth embodiment. That is, the light emitted from the backlight unit 153 to the liquid crystal display device 160 is
It passes through the opening 159 of the reflective layer 149. This light passes through the liquid crystal 144 and the first substrate 141, is scattered by the scattering layer 147, then passes through the polarizing plate 146, and is emitted to the observation side of the liquid crystal display device 160. Then, the emitted light passes through the protective plate 145 and is emitted to the observing side, whereby a transmissive display is realized. Therefore, also in the present embodiment, as in the fifth embodiment described above, the liquid crystal display device 16 is provided with the protective plate 145 having fine irregularities formed on its surface.
Even when it is provided close to 0, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the display quality due to the unevenness.

[Seventh Embodiment] A seventh embodiment is a liquid crystal including a liquid crystal element sandwiched between substrates and a light-reflecting film provided on the substrate opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal element. In the display device, the light reflection film is composed of a base material and a reflection layer, the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. It is a modification of a certain liquid crystal display device.

(1) Modified Example 1 In each of the above embodiments, the scattering layer 147 is provided on the first substrate 1.
Although the structure is provided between 41 and the polarizing plate 146, the position of the scattering layer 147 is not limited to this. For example, when a retardation plate for compensating the interference color is provided between the polarizing plate 146 and the first substrate 141, the scattering layer 147 may be interposed between the retardation plate and the first substrate 141. Or a scattering layer 147 between the retardation plate and the polarizing plate 146.
May be inserted. In short, the scattering layer 147 is the liquid crystal 144.
On the other hand, the structure provided on the side of the protective plate 145 is sufficient.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the scattering layer 147 having a structure in which a large number of fine particles 148b are dispersed in the adhesive 148a is used, but the structure of the scattering layer 147 is not limited to this, and is incident. Any structure may be used as long as it can scatter light. However, when the scattering layer 147 including the adhesive 148a is used, the members sandwiching the scattering layer 147 (for example, the first substrate 141 and the polarizing plates 146 in each of the above embodiments may be bonded by the adhesive 148a). Therefore, as compared with the case where the scattering layer 147 not containing the adhesive 148a is used, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

(2) Modified Example 2 In the fifth embodiment, the reflective liquid crystal display device and the transflective liquid crystal display device in the sixth embodiment are exemplified, but the reflective layer 149 is not provided and the transmissive liquid crystal display device is used. The present invention can be applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display device that performs only display. That is, in the transmissive liquid crystal display device, the transflective liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 16 may be configured without the reflective layer 149. In addition, in the fourth embodiment,
Although both the reflective display and the transmissive display are realized by the reflective layer 149 having the opening 159, instead of the reflective layer 149, a part of the irradiated light is transmitted and the other one is transmitted. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a semi-transmissive reflection type liquid crystal display device using a so-called half mirror that reflects a portion.

(3) Modified Example 3 In each of the above embodiments, the case where a plastic plate member is used as the protective plate 145 has been illustrated. Since irregularities are likely to be formed on the surface of the protective plate 145, the application of the present invention can exert a particularly remarkable effect. However, the material of the protective plate 145 is not limited to this, and plate members made of various other materials may be used as the protective plate 145.
Can be used as

(4) Modification 4 In each of the above embodiments, the color filter 15 is used.
0 and the light shielding layer 151 are formed on the second substrate 142, the liquid crystal display device in which these elements are formed on the first substrate 141, the color filter 150 or the light shielding layer 151 is provided. It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to liquid crystal display devices that do not. in this way,
The present invention can be applied to the liquid crystal display device 160 having the configuration in which the protective plate 145 is disposed close to the observation side regardless of the aspect of other elements.

(5) Modified Example 5 In the fourth embodiment described above, 2 active elements are used.
Although an active matrix type liquid crystal display device using a TFD which is a terminal type active element has been exemplified, as shown in FIG. 13, an active matrix type liquid crystal using a TFT which is a three terminal type active element as an active element. It may be a display device. In this case, it is preferable to provide a TFT element in the light shielding area as shown in FIG.

[Eighth Embodiment] The eighth embodiment is an electronic apparatus including a liquid crystal display device provided with a light reflection film, wherein the light reflection film includes a base material and a reflection layer, and the plurality of projections. The electronic device is characterized in that parts or recesses are randomly arranged in a plane direction by a random function.

(1) Mobile Computer First, an example in which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied to the display portion of a portable personal computer (so-called notebook personal computer) will be described. FIG. 17
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of this personal computer. As shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a main body portion 163 having a keyboard 162, and a display portion 164 using a liquid crystal display device (not shown) according to the present invention.
It has and. The display unit 164 has a housing 166 in which a plastic protective plate 145 is arranged corresponding to the window 165.
In addition, the liquid crystal display device 160 according to the present invention is housed. More specifically, the liquid crystal display device 160 is
So that the substrate surface on the observation side is close to the protective plate 145,
It is housed in a housing 166. In addition, in the personal computer 161, the backlight unit 153 is provided on the back side as shown in the sixth embodiment in order to secure the visibility of the display even in the situation where the outside light is not sufficiently present. It is desirable to use the provided transflective liquid crystal display device.

(2) Mobile Phone Next, an example in which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is applied to the display portion of a mobile phone will be described. FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the configuration of this mobile phone. As shown in the figure,
The mobile phone 170 has a plurality of operation buttons 171 as well as
An earpiece 172, a mouthpiece 173, and a display unit 174 using the liquid crystal display device (not shown) according to the present invention are provided. In this mobile phone 170, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is housed in a housing 176 in which a plastic protection plate 175 is arranged corresponding to the window 174b. In the mobile phone 170 as well, like the personal computer, the liquid crystal display device is housed in the housing 176 such that the substrate surface on the observation side is close to the protective plate 175.

As the electronic equipment to which the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention can be applied, in addition to the personal computer shown in FIG. 17 and the mobile phone shown in FIG. 18, a liquid crystal television, a viewfinder type monitor, etc. Direct-view video tape recorder, car navigation system, pager,
Examples include electronic notebooks, calculators, word processors, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, devices equipped with a touch panel, and the like. As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, even when the protective plate having fine irregularities on the surface is arranged in proximity to the substrate surface of the liquid crystal display device, the irregularities are It is possible to suppress the deterioration of display quality due to. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the thickness or size of the electronic device by disposing the protective plate close to the liquid crystal display device without degrading the display quality.

[0106]

As described above, the mask of the present invention and the light-reflecting film obtained therefrom can be easily manufactured by using a random function, respectively, and as a result,
A smooth reflective layer is provided on a base material having a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and when used in a liquid crystal display device or the like, it has become possible to effectively suppress the generation of interference fringes. Further, according to the mask of the present invention, it is possible to easily and quickly form a mask pattern that can obtain a light reflecting film with less occurrence of interference fringes not only in a small liquid crystal display device or the like but also in a large liquid crystal display device or the like. You can now design. Further, according to the liquid crystal display device provided with the light reflection film and the electronic device having the light reflection film of the present invention, the occurrence of interference fringes is reduced, and the design and manufacturing are facilitated. Further, according to the liquid crystal display device provided with the light reflection film and the electronic device having the light reflection film of the present invention, a plurality of light reflection films in the light reflection film can be obtained by combining with the light scattering film or by performing a specific design arrangement. It has also become possible to effectively suppress an irregular spot pattern that occurs when the convex portions or the concave portions are formed in a random pattern. Further, according to the liquid crystal display device provided with the light reflecting film of the present invention, and the electronic device having the light reflecting film, even when the protective plate having fine irregularities on the surface is arranged in proximity, It has become possible to suppress deterioration of display quality due to unevenness. The substrate with a light-reflecting film, the electro-optical device, and the electronic device of the present invention can be suitably applied to a display device using electrophoresis as well as the liquid crystal display device described in the embodiments. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask in which one pixel (RGB: 3 dots) is one unit and light transmissive portions or light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in a planar direction.

FIG. 3 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask in which light transmissive portions or light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction with two pixels (RGB: 6 dots) as one unit.

FIG. 4 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask in which light transmissive portions or light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction with three pixels (RGB: 12 dots) as one unit.

FIG. 5 is a plan view used for explaining a mask in which 324 pixels (RGB: 972 dots) are set as one unit and light transmissive portions or light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in a planar direction.

FIG. 6 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask in which light transmissive portions or light non-transmissive portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction with one horizontal row as one unit.

FIG. 7 is a plan view provided for explaining a mask in which a light transmitting portion or a light non-transmitting portion has different diameters.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a light reflecting film including a first substrate and a second substrate.

9A and 9B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a light reflecting film including an asymmetrical substantially tear-shaped convex portion.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between a visually sensed light amount and a visually recognized angle.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a light reflecting film having an opening.

FIG. 12 is a manufacturing process diagram of a light reflecting film.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a manufacturing process of a light reflecting film.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view provided for explaining a light reflecting film electrically connected to a TFT element.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a passive matrix type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of another liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a personal computer which is an example of an electronic device.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile phone which is an example of an electronic device.

19A and 19B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a substrate with a light-reflecting film which is substantially a conical recess.

FIG. 20 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a substrate with a light-reflecting film, which is composed of an asymmetrical substantially tear-shaped concave portion.

FIG. 21 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a substrate with a light-reflecting film, which is composed of an asymmetrical substantially pyramidal recess.

22A and 22B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a substrate with a light-reflecting film whose substantially horizontal section is a parabola having a small radius of curvature and whose vertical section is a parabola having a larger radius of curvature.

23A and 23B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a substrate with a light-reflecting film, which has a substantially rectangular horizontal cross section and is formed of a pyramidal recess in the vertical direction.

FIG. 24 is an exploded view of a TFD type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional view of a TFD liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 26 is a partial perspective view of a TFD type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the conventional liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 29 is a manufacturing process diagram of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 230, 24
0: Mask 70, 100: Light reflection film 72, 116: Reflection layer 76, 112: First base material 79, 113: Second base material 102: Opening 140: Liquid crystal display device 141: First substrate (observation Substrate) 142: second substrate 143: transparent electrode 144: liquid crystal 145: protective plate 146: polarizing plate 147: scattering layer 148a: adhesive 148b: fine particles 149: reflective layer 150: color filter 151: light-shielding layer 152: conductive Light plate 153: Backlight unit 154: Transparent electrode 155: Diffusion plate 156: Reflection plate 157: Overcoat layer 158: Seal material 159: Opening 160: Liquid crystal display device 161: Personal computer (electronic device) 170: Mobile phone (electronic Equipment) 230: Liquid crystal display device 247: TFD

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Tadashi Tsuzuki             Seiko, 3-3-3 Yamato, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture             -In Epson Corporation F-term (reference) 2H042 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA05 DA11                       DA15 DA18 DC08 DD10 DE00                 2H091 FA15Y FA16Y FA41Z FC26                       FD04 LA16 LA19 LA21                 2H095 BB02 BB36 BC09

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A mask for manufacturing a substrate with a light-reflecting film, wherein positions of light-transmitting parts or light-impermeable parts are assigned by a random function, and the light-transmitting parts or light-impermeable parts are randomly arranged in a plane direction. A mask characterized by being arranged in. 2. An arbitrary number of 0 to 1 is generated by the random function, and a number of 1 to n (n is an arbitrary natural number of 2 to 1000) is distributed to all dots based on the number. At the same time, the n kinds of random patterns created in advance are made to correspond to the distributed numbers, whereby the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. The mask according to Item 1. 3. The mask according to claim 1, wherein 100 to 2,000 dots or the entire screen is set as one unit, and the light transmitting portions or the light non-transmitting portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. 4. A band-shaped random pattern is formed in the light transmissive portion or the light non-transmissive portion in a horizontal single row direction or a vertical single row direction,
The mask according to claim 1, wherein the strip-shaped random pattern is repeated in a plurality of columns. 5. The diameter of the light transmitting portion or the light non-transmitting portion is 3 to
A value within a range of 15 μm is set.
The mask according to any one of 4 to 4. 6. The light transmissive portion or the light non-transmissive portion is made to have different diameters, and 2 to 10 kinds of the light transmissive portions or the light non-transmissive portions are provided. Mask described in. 7. A substrate with a light-reflecting film including a base material and a reflective layer, wherein the positions of a plurality of protrusions or recesses formed on the surface of the base material are assigned by a random function, and the light-transmitting portion is provided. Alternatively, a substrate with a light-reflecting film, characterized in that light-impermeable parts are randomly arranged in a plane direction. 8. The plurality of convex portions or concave portions are 100 to
8. The substrate with a light reflection film according to claim 7, wherein the substrate is randomly arranged in the plane direction with 2,000 dots or the entire screen as one unit. 9. The strip-shaped random pattern is formed by arranging the plurality of convex portions or recesses in a horizontal single row direction or a vertical single row direction, and the strip-shaped random pattern is repeated in a plurality of rows. Or the substrate with a light reflecting film according to item 8. 10. The diameter of the plurality of protrusions or recesses is 3 to 1.
The value within the range of 5 μm is set.
9. The substrate with a light reflecting film according to any one of 9 above. 11. The light-reflecting film according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of protrusions or recesses have different diameters, and 2 to 10 types of protrusions or recesses are provided. Substrate with. 12. The base material sequentially includes a first base material and a second base material from below, and the first base material is composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and a second base material. The substrate with a light reflection film according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the substrate is composed of a plurality of continuous convex portions or concave portions. 13. A method of manufacturing a light-reflecting film including a substrate and a reflecting layer, wherein the positions of the light-transmitting portion or the light-impermeable portion are assigned by a random function, and the light-transmitting portion or the light-impermeable portion is arranged in a plane direction. Forming a first base material having a plurality of convex portions or concave portions which are randomly arranged in a plane direction on the applied photosensitive resin by an exposure process using a mask which is randomly arranged And a step of applying a photosensitive resin to the surface of the first base material to form a second base material having a plurality of continuous convex portions or concave portions by an exposure process, and And a step of forming a reflective layer on the surface of the base material. 14. An optical display device comprising an optical element sandwiched between substrates, and a light reflection film provided on a substrate opposite to an observation side of the optical element, the light reflection film. Is composed of a base material and a reflective layer, the positions of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions formed on the base material are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in the plane direction. An optical display device characterized by. 15. The optical display device according to claim 14, wherein a light-scattering film is provided on a substrate on the observation side of the optical display device. 16. The optical display device according to claim 14, wherein a protective plate is provided on the observation side of the optical display device. 17. An electronic apparatus including an optical display device having a light reflecting film, wherein the light reflecting film includes a base material and a reflective layer, and comprises a plurality of protrusions or recesses formed on the base material. An electronic device, wherein positions are assigned by a random function, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are randomly arranged in a plane direction.