JP2003305703A - Method for drying log - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for drying a log by which while checks of a trunk of a tree are prevented from being generated, not only water content of the log of a useful wood is decreased but also water content in a heartwood part positioned at the central part of the trunk of the tree is decreased to improve quality of a lumber for construction and to decrease a manufacturing cost, and utilization of a useful wood can be thereby accelerated. <P>SOLUTION: As the method for drying the log of the useful wood, a bore 3 is provided in a standing tree 2 in a forest lot and a retarder 4 for suppressing a water absorbing power is fed into the standing tree 2 to suppress the water absorbing power from the root 2a and thereby, to accelerate natural drying of the standing tree 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for drying raw wood which is used to reduce the water content of the raw wood of useful wood and shorten the drying period of the wood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recent housing policies are shifting from securing quantity to securing quality, as can be seen from the aims of the Housing Quality Assurance Promotion Law and the New Building Standard Law. Ensuring the quality of a house means providing a house that is comfortable and comfortable to live in, with few deviations and damages, and as a precondition therefor, high-quality housing members are required.

However, among the lumber for construction, for example, cedar, cypress, or pine, which has a high moisture content of raw material, has large individual variations, and has the property that moisture is difficult to conduct. There are construction lumber that have difficulty in making the water content uniform. Therefore, the moisture content of these raw materials is high,
It is said that building lumber with a non-uniform water content distribution is difficult to use for high quality homes.

[0004] In addition, since these lumber for construction having a high water content of raw material contains a large amount of water at the stage of raw wood, the weight of the log reaches several hundred kg, which increases the transportation cost and a large amount of water. There is a problem in that the cost for manufacturing is increased, for example, a large amount of heat energy is required for drying and the drying cost is increased.

As described above, the lumber for construction having a high water content of the raw material and a non-uniform distribution of the water content causes problems of the quality of the house and the production cost, and as a result, the forestry of Japan. It was a cause of stagnation.

On the other hand, as a drying method for reducing the water content at the stage of raw wood in these construction lumbers, conventionally, a method called leaf wiping or stripping has been generally adopted in forestry.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a conventional method for drying a raw wood of useful wood called leaf wiping. Referring to the figure, a drying method called leaf wiping leaves a felled tree 21 on a forest 23 for a certain period of time with a branch 22 attached, and promotes drying of a trunk 25 by transpiration of water from a leaf 24, It is a forestry technology designed to reduce the water content of raw wood. This method of processing timber has been used for a long time in famous forestry areas throughout the country, and is also called leaf drying in some regions. The drying process varies depending on the season, location conditions, and weather conditions in the forest, but usually 30 to 4 after the start of leaf dying.
Drying progresses rapidly during day 0 and slows down thereafter. Therefore, when considering economic efficiency, the leaf withering period 40 to 5
One of the deadlines is 0 days.

Further, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a conventional method for drying a raw wood of useful wood, which is called stripping. Referring to the same figure, the method of stripping off the stand is as follows:
In this method, the bark 27 is circumferentially peeled off and the standing tree is dried. This method removes the water absorption upward from the root 28 by peeling off the bark 27 of the sapwood part 29 (the young part of the annual ring located outside the tree trunk) having a large water absorption capacity from the root 28 at the base part 26 of the tree trunk 25. Disconnect the route,
The portion above the base portion 26 of the trunk 25 is naturally dried.

[0009]

However, in the case of leaf withering in FIG. 4 described above, since the standing tree is felled and the raw wood is naturally dried, it is more drying than the method of drying in the standing tree state such as peeling. Although progressing, cut surface 2 of raw wood
5a and the trunk 25 may be dried and cracked to reduce the commercial value.

Further, in the case of stripping the bark of FIG.
In the heartwood part (old part of the annual ring located inside the tree trunk) located in the central part of the tree, water absorption from the roots 28 remains, and as a result of gradually drying, the tree trunk 25 is less likely to be cracked. However, on the other hand, there was a problem that the drying did not proceed as much as the leaves died.

The sapwood portion 2, which is the outer portion of the trunk 25, mainly has a lowering of the water content due to the peeling of the bark.
In No. 9, the heartwood portion located in the central portion of the tree trunk 25 had a problem that the decrease in water content did not progress easily.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and not only reduces the moisture content of the raw wood of useful wood while preventing the tree from cracking, but also reduces the moisture content of the heartwood part located in the central part of the tree trunk. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for drying raw wood, which can reduce the water content, improve the quality of construction lumber, reduce the manufacturing cost, and promote the utilization of useful wood.

[0013]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method for drying a raw wood of useful wood, which comprises a perforating tree in a stand in a forest to suppress water absorption from roots. Is supplied to the inside of the standing tree from the perforations to suppress water absorption from the roots and promote natural drying of the standing tree.

According to the present invention, the inhibitory substance supplied to the inside of the standing tree from the perforation suppresses the water absorption from the roots and promotes the natural drying of the standing tree in the forest, thus preventing the tree from cracking. However, the water content of the log can be reduced and the water content of the heartwood located in the central part of the tree trunk can be reduced.As a result, logs can be made lighter and forestry production costs can be reduced during logging and export. it can. Further, in processing, it is possible to reduce the processing cost by shortening the drying period and reducing the drying energy. Further, when utilizing wood, it is possible to improve the quality of the lumber for construction and reduce the manufacturing cost by, for example, making it possible to make the raw material water content and the dry finish state uniform.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is the method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the useful wood is a target tree species of cedar and cypress.

[0016] According to this preferred embodiment, since the useful wood is a method of drying raw wood using sugi and cypress as the target tree species, the improvement of the quality of the lumber for construction of these useful woods and the reduction of the manufacturing cost are It can greatly contribute to the promotion of use.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention is the method for drying raw wood according to claim 2, wherein the perforations are provided at the base of the standing wood.

According to this preferred embodiment, since the perforations for supplying the inhibitory substance for suppressing the water absorption from the roots are provided at the base of the standing tree, most of the raw wood above the base where the perforations are provided is natural. As a result of being dried, a homogeneous wood can be obtained with a good yield.

Another aspect of the present invention is that the perforations are
4. The method for drying a raw wood according to claim 1, wherein at least the core material of the standing tree in which the perforation is located is drilled.

According to this preferred embodiment, at least the core material of the standing tree in which the perforation is located is drilled, so that the inhibitory substance can be supplied to the core material where the water absorption from the root remains, and as a result, the root of the core material can be supplied. It is possible to suppress the water absorption from the core and more quickly dry the heartwood part of the raw wood naturally.

Another aspect of the present invention is that the perforations are
In order to prevent the suppressive substance from flowing out of the standing tree,
The method for drying raw wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the openings of the perforations are provided so as to be inclined so as to be high.

According to this preferred embodiment, in order to prevent the inhibiting substance from flowing out of the standing tree, the perforation is provided so that the opening of the perforation is high, so that the inhibiting substance flowing out of the standing tree is provided. As a result, the raw wood can be naturally dried more economically.

Another aspect of the present invention is that the perforations are
6. The method of drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the perforations provided at the base of the standing tree is provided from the north side or the mountain side.

According to this preferred embodiment, at least one of the perforations is provided substantially in the north direction or from the mountain side. Therefore, as a result of the perforations reliably reaching the core part located on the north side or the mountain side in the cross section of the standing tree, as a result, Water absorption from the root can be effectively suppressed, and the heartwood part of the raw wood can be naturally dried more quickly.

Another aspect of the present invention is the method for drying raw wood according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inhibitor is a herbicide.

According to this preferred embodiment, since the herbicide is used as the inhibitory substance, it is possible to use a drug that is distributed in the market at low cost, and as a result, it is possible to naturally dry the raw wood more economically.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, the suppressing substance is made of an organic polymer material.
To the method for drying raw wood according to claim 6.

According to this preferred embodiment, since the organic polymer material is used as the suppressing substance, it is possible to use the material which is distributed in the market at a low cost, and as a result, the natural wood can be naturally dried more economically. .

Another aspect of the present invention is the method for drying raw wood according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inhibitor is a wood preservative.

According to this preferred embodiment, since the wood preservative is used as the inhibiting substance, not only the water absorption from the root can be suppressed but also the base of the raw tree can be prevented from corroding in the forest. , The raw wood can be naturally dried with better yield.

[0031]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of perforations 3 of a standing tree 2 in a method for drying a raw wood according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG.

With reference to these drawings, the method for drying raw wood according to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention has a high water content of raw wood and a distribution of the water content is not uniform. In order to overcome the problems in the use of target tree species such as cypress, and to promote the use, it is to dry naturally as standing trees in the forest land, and the breast height diameter is 20-4.
Perforation of a 0 cm raw standing tree 2 at a height of about 1 m above the ground 3
And supplying the inhibitory substance 4 that suppresses the water absorption from the root 2a to the inside of the standing tree 2 through the perforations 3 to suppress the water absorption from the root 2a and promote the natural drying of the standing tree 2. Contains.

The perforations 3 are the bases 2b of the standing trees 2 in the forest in order to naturally dry most of the raw wood 1 above the position where the perforations 3 are provided to obtain a uniform wood with a good yield.
Is to be perforated in a cylindrical shape, and the perforation 3
In order to supply the inhibitory substance 4 to the core material portion 2c where the water absorbing power from the root 2a remains and to naturally dry the core material portion 2c of the raw wood 1 more quickly, at least the core material portion of the standing tree 2 where the perforations 3 are located The holes are drilled up to 2c (up to approximately the center in this embodiment).

Here, the heartwood portion 2c is a tree trunk 5 with a white line zone 2d which is a boundary line between an old part and a young part of the tree as a boundary.
Shows the old part of the annual ring, located inside the. Moreover, the young part of the annual ring located outside the tree trunk 5 with the white line zone 2d as a boundary is called a sapwood part 2e.

The perforations 3 perforated to the core material portion 2c of the standing tree 2 prevent the inhibitory substance 4 from flowing out of the standing tree 2, so that the log 1 can be naturally dried more economically. In order to do so, the opening 3a of the perforation 3 is provided so as to be inclined.

Further, four perforations 3 are provided, one in each of the north, south, east, and west directions, so that one of the perforations 3 is provided in the north direction or from the mountain side. Referring to FIG. 2, generally, in the tree trunk 5, in the radial growth of the tree, the portion 5a facing the south direction or the valley is fast and thick. On the contrary, the part 5b facing north or the mountain is slow and thin, and the center 5c of the heartwood part 2c is the center 5 of the trunk 5.
It deviates from d to the north side or the mountain side. Therefore, in order to surely reach the core material portion 2c located on the north side or the mountain side in the cross section of the standing tree 2 and effectively suppress the water absorption from the root 2a in the core material portion 2c, at least one It is preferable that the two are provided in the direction of the north or from the mountain side.

The bore 3 has an inner diameter of about 10 mm.
It is provided with a size (preferably 10 mm or more), so that sufficient suppressing substance 4 is provided from the perforation 3 to the standing tree 2
As a result of being able to supply the raw wood 1 to the inside, it is possible to surely naturally dry the log 1.

In order to ensure that the standing tree 2 can be killed and the raw wood 1 is naturally dried more economically by using a drug distributed in the market at a low cost, We use herbicides commonly used in agriculture, forestry, and others.

In addition to the above-mentioned herbicides, the inhibitor 4 is an organic polymer as a material that is available at a low cost in the market that can surely block the water absorption route of the standing tree 2 and kill the standing tree 2. It is also possible to adopt a material.

In addition, the inhibitor 4 suppresses water absorption from the roots 2a and prevents the base portion 2b of the log 1 from corroding so that the log 1 can be naturally dried with higher yield. It is also possible to adopt a wood preservative.

Next, referring to Table 1 and FIG. 3, the operation of the method for drying raw wood according to this embodiment will be described. Table 1
FIG. 3 is a table showing the results of measuring the water content of Cryptomeria log 1. Further, FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1, and shows the measurement categories of the water content in the trunk 5.

[0042]

[Table 1]

Referring to Table 1, this table shows the water content of the untreated material which has not been subjected to any drying treatment, the water content of the treated material by the drying method of the raw wood according to the present embodiment, and the stripping. This is a comparison of the water content of the material treated by the method described above with the water content of the material treated by the leaf wilting method.
In the disk portion 6 of cm (that is, a position of about 5 cm above the perforations 3 by the drying method of the raw wood according to the present embodiment), 50 days after the treatment (the moisture content of the untreated material is 0 day).
It is the measurement result of the water content of each of the sapwood portion 2e, the core material portion 2c, and the entire disc portion 6 at the time when the time passes. The value of the water content is a percentage of the weight of water with respect to the weight of the wood in a completely dry state, and shows the average value of the number of samples N = 5 for each.

In Table 1, the sap material 2e is shown in FIG.
Referring to, the young part of the annual ring (section number 1, 2, 11, 12) located outside the trunk 5 with the white line zone 2d (section number 3, 10) as a boundary is sampled, and the heartwood part 2c , The inner part of the tree ring 5 located inside the trunk 5 with the white line zone 2d as a boundary was sampled as a sample. The disk portion 6 was a sample of the entire disk portion 6 of the cross section.

As can be seen from this table, the water content of the untreated material which has not been subjected to any drying treatment is
Was 212%, the core material portion 2c was 110%, and the entire disc was 163%.

On the other hand, the water content of the material treated by the drying method of the raw wood according to this embodiment is 64 in the sapwood part 2e.
%, 72% in the core material 2c, 73 in the entire disc
%Met. This is because the moisture content of the treated material by stripping the peel (128% in the sapwood portion 2e, 9% in the core material portion 2c).
5%, 114% in the whole disk), and the water content is significantly lower in any part.
Moisture content of treated material due to leaf wiping (8 in sapwood part 2e
3%, 70% in the core material 2c, 8 in the whole disc
It can be seen that the value is equal to or lower than that of (3%).

Focusing particularly on the core material portion 2c, the water content of 72% of the treated material by the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment is
It can be seen that the water content is significantly lower than the water content of 95% obtained by the peeling method, which is almost the same as the water content of 70% obtained by the leaf wiping method.

From the above, the method of drying the raw wood according to the present embodiment is the same method of drying the standing tree 2 as the method of peeling the standing tree which can prevent the drying cracks of the raw wood 1, but the water content of the trunk 5, particularly, It can be seen that the water content in the heartwood portion 2c can be reduced to the same level as or higher than the method of leaf withering.

As described above, according to the method for drying a raw tree according to this embodiment, the inhibitory substance 4 supplied from the perforations 3 into the inside of the standing tree 2 suppresses the water absorption force from the root 2a. Since the natural drying of the trunk 5 is promoted, the moisture content of the log 1 of the useful wood is reduced while preventing the trunk 5 from being dried and the heartwood portion 2c located in the central portion of the trunk 5 is
As a result of being able to reduce the water content in the forest, there is no need for a dedicated place for drying and a drying facility for logging and carrying out, and it is possible to leave the tree as a standing tree in the forest.
Can be naturally dried to reduce the weight and reduce forestry production costs. Further, in processing, it is possible to reduce the processing cost by shortening the drying period and reducing the drying energy. Further, when utilizing wood, it is possible to make the raw material water content and the dry finish state uniform. In this way, it is possible to improve the quality of the lumber for construction and reduce the manufacturing cost.

Further, since the method for drying the raw wood according to the present embodiment is a method for drying the raw wood in which cedar and cypress are used as the target tree species as useful wood, it is possible to improve the quality of the lumber for construction of the useful wood and to reduce the manufacturing cost. The reduction of the energy consumption can greatly contribute to promotion of utilization of wood.

Further, according to the method for drying a raw tree according to the present embodiment, since the perforation 3 for supplying the suppressing substance 4 for suppressing the water absorption force from the root 2a is provided in the base 2b of the standing tree 2, the perforation is performed. As a result of being able to naturally dry most of the raw wood 1 above the base portion 2b on which the 3 is provided, it is possible to obtain homogeneous wood with good yield.

Further, according to the method for drying a raw wood according to the present embodiment, at least the core material portion 2c of the standing tree 2 where the perforation 3 is located is pierced, so that the water absorbing power from the root 2a is suppressed in the remaining core material portion 2c. As a result of being able to supply the substance 4, water absorption from the root 2a in the heartwood part 2c is suppressed,
The core material portion 2c of the log 1 can be naturally dried more quickly.

Further, according to the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment, in order to prevent the suppressive substance 4 from flowing out of the standing tree 2, the perforation 3 is inclined so that the opening 3a of the perforation 3 is high. Is provided, the amount of the suppressing substance 4 flowing out of the standing tree 2 can be reduced, and as a result, the log 1 can be naturally dried more economically.

Further, according to the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment, at least one of the perforations 3 is provided from the north or the mountain side, so that the core material 2c located on the north or mountain side in the cross section of the standing tree 2 is provided. As a result of the reliable arrival of the perforations 3, it is possible to effectively suppress the water absorption from the root 2a in the core material portion 2c, and to naturally dry the core material portion 2c of the log 1 more quickly.

In the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment, when a herbicide is used as the inhibitory substance 4, it is possible to use a drug which is distributed in the market at a low cost. It can be dried.

Further, in the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment, when an organic polymer material is used as the suppressing substance 4, it is possible to use a material that is distributed in the market at a low cost, which is more economical. The log 1 can be naturally dried.

In the method for drying raw wood according to the present embodiment, when a wood preservative is used as the inhibiting substance 4, not only the water absorption from the root 2a can be suppressed but also the base 2b of the raw wood 1 in the forest land. As a result, the raw wood 1 can be naturally dried with better yield and as a result.

The above-described embodiment is merely an example of a preferred specific example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

For example, the target tree species of the method for drying raw wood according to the embodiment of the present invention are not necessarily limited to cedar and cypress. It is applicable as long as the lumber for construction has a high water content and a non-uniform water content distribution.

Further, the chest height diameter is not limited to the standing tree 2 having a diameter of 20 to 40 cm, and a chest diameter of more or less than this is also applicable.

The perforations 3 do not necessarily have to have a cylindrical shape as shown in the drawing, and may have any shape as long as the suppressing substance 4 for suppressing the water absorption force from the roots 2a can be supplied to the inside of the standing tree 2. Various design changes are possible even with such a shape.

The perforations 3 are not limited to a height of about 1 m above the ground. In order to obtain a uniform wood with a good yield by naturally drying most of the raw wood 1, the base 2b of the standing wood 2 is obtained.
However, it is possible to provide it at any height above the ground.

Further, it is not essential that the perforations 3 be perforated up to the core material portion 2c of the standing tree 2, and it is effective to supply the suppressing substance 4 for suppressing the water absorption force from the roots 2a into the inside of the standing tree 2. If the standing tree 2 can be naturally dried, its depth is arbitrary.

Further, the number of the perforations 3 is not necessarily limited to one ground height and the number of four as shown in the drawing, and it is possible to provide an arbitrary number at any ground height. Is.

Further, the perforations 3 are preferably provided so that the inner diameter is 10 mm or more, but any size may be adopted as long as the sufficient suppressing substance 4 can be supplied from the perforations 3 into the standing tree 2. Can be provided in the size of.

Further, the suppressing substance 4 is not limited to the herbicide, the organic polymer material, and the preservative, but is supplied to the inside of the standing tree 2 through the perforations 3 to suppress the water absorption force from the roots 2a and to suppress the standing tree 2. Any substance can be adopted as long as it is a substance capable of promoting natural drying.

Needless to say, various design changes can be made within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0068]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It not only reduces the water content of the raw timber of useful timber while preventing the tree from cracking, it also reduces the water content of the heartwood located in the central part of the tree trunk, improving the quality of construction lumber and manufacturing it. There is a remarkable effect that the cost can be reduced and the utilization of useful wood can be promoted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of perforated standing trees in a method for drying raw wood according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1, showing the measurement categories of water content in the trunk.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a conventional method for drying a raw tree called leaf wiping.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a conventional method for drying a raw tree called stripping.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 standing trees 2a root 2b base 2c Heartwood part 3 perforation 3a opening 4 suppressive substances

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yoshinori Kobayashi             11-13 Suehiro-cho, Noshiro City, Akita Prefecture F term (reference) 2B230 AA15 AA27 BA01 CB00 EB40

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A method for drying raw wood of useful timber, which comprises providing perforations in a standing tree in a forest, and supplying a suppressive substance that suppresses water absorption from the roots to the inside of the standing tree from the roots. A method for drying a raw tree, which comprises suppressing the water absorption capacity of the tree to promote natural drying of the standing tree. 2. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the useful wood is a target tree species of cedar and cypress. 3. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 2, wherein the perforations are provided in the base of the standing wood. 4. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the perforation is performed at least up to the core material of the standing tree where the perforation is located. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the perforations are inclined so that an opening of the perforations is high in order to prevent the suppressive substance from flowing out of the standing tree. How to dry raw wood. 6. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the perforations provided at the base of the standing tree is provided from a substantially north direction or a mountain side. 7. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the inhibitor is a herbicide. 8. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the inhibitor is made of an organic polymer material. 9. The method for drying raw wood according to claim 1, wherein the inhibiting substance is a wood preservative.