JP2003305444A - Treatment method of food-related waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method of food-related waste which allows the perfect degradation even for the hardly degradable food-related waste such as bean-curd refuse, bran and rice bran and produces almost no discharge (secondary waste). <P>SOLUTION: In a wet state formed by adding water to one kind or more of bean-curd refuse, bran and rice bran or to the food-related waste containing the same, a high-temperature bacteria flora which produces a heat-resistant enzyme group is cultured and the food-related waste is degraded therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating food-related waste.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Okara, wheat bran, rice bran, apple dregs, potato dregs and the like are some of the food-related industrial wastes that are produced in vast amounts during the food manufacturing process.
Some of these industrial wastes are used as fertilizer and feed. However, most of it is treated as industrial waste.

The reason for this is that, for example, in the case of okara, since it is rich in nutrients, it easily rots and is difficult to store. In addition, bran, rice bran, etc. have a biased nutritional content because they are residues, and only these are feeds. It can be said that cheap cereals that can not be used as food are coming in from abroad as a large amount of feed, but the biggest reason why they can not be used is that aerobic microorganisms that can recycle these food-related wastes It has not been found yet.

Under these circumstances, the inventor of the present application filed a patent application for an invention of a waste treatment method using a novel mesophilic bacterium that produces a thermostable enzyme group artificially isolated from panda feces. We are doing (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-16711)
1).

[0005] However, five of these novel bacterial strains for which patents have already been filed, Bacillus amylolyticus (Bacil
lus amyloliquenfaciens) 148 (FERM P-18
349) and the like have a growth temperature range of 20 ° C. to 50 ° C. and an optimum growth temperature of about 45 ° C. and cannot completely decompose okara, wheat bran, potato meal and the like.

For this reason, there is a limit to the object (component) that can be decomposed. Therefore, it has been strongly desired to realize a new measure capable of completely decomposing food-related waste that is difficult to decompose.

The invention of this application was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to collect food-related wastes such as okara, bran, rice bran, potato meal and apple meal which are hardly decomposed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating food-related waste by microorganisms, which can be completely decomposed and can be utilized by recycling.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The invention of this application is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems. First, a heat-resistant enzyme group is added in a wet state in which water is added to a plant-based food-related waste. Provided is a method for treating food-related waste, which comprises culturing a thermophilic bacterial flora to be produced and decomposing and treating the food-related waste. Thirdly, the treatment method is characterized in that the treated bacterium is cultivated and bred at a temperature exceeding the optimum growth temperature, and thirdly, the thermophilic bacterial flora is cultivated and cultivated by repeating the culturing operation a plurality of times. Fourthly, the present invention provides a treatment method characterized in that the thermophilic bacterial flora is cultured and bred by adding rice bran as a culture promoting material.

The fifth aspect of the invention of the present application is that the thermophilic bacterial flora is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) 148 (FERM P-
18349), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bac
illus amyloliquefaciens) 2414 (FERM P-1
8347), Bacillus lichenifolmis (Bacillus lic)
heniformis) 136 (FERM P-18346), Bacillus subtilis 237 (FE
RM P-18350) and Bacillus licheniformis 2530 (FERM P
No. 18348), and a treatment method characterized by being cultivated and cultivated from at least one of the five strains.

[0010] Sixth, culture of thermophilic bacterial flora for decomposition treatment of food-related waste is aerobically carried out at 50 ° C to 8 ° C.
Seventhly, a treatment method characterized in that it is carried out in a temperature range of 5 ° C. is used. In the seventh step, the food-related waste is one or more kinds of okara, bran and nuca A treatment method characterized by being one or more kinds of vegetable garbage, and eighthly, for culturing for decomposition treatment of food-related waste, rice bran is used as a culture accelerator. Provided is a treatment method characterized by adding.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention of this application has the characteristics as described above, and the embodiments thereof will be described below.

Above all, what is important in the invention of this application is that microorganisms applied to the high temperature required for the decomposition of food-related wastes which are difficult to decompose are almost completely decomposed. The purpose is to cultivate and breed the flora and utilize its biological activity. These thermophilic flora are essential to the invention of this application.

Such thermophilic bacterial flora may be derived from various bacteria capable of decomposing organic substances as long as they produce a thermostable enzyme group. In the invention of this application, these bacterial flora are organic substances. That the decomposing bacterium of No. 1 was cultured and bred at a temperature exceeding the optimal growth temperature, that it was cultivated and bred by repeating the culturing operation multiple times, and further, rice bran was used as a culture material. It is explained as a more specific feature that it is added and cultivated.

The formation of thermophilic bacterial flora by such culture breeding has not been known so far.

The following microorganisms already proposed by the inventor of this application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-167111) are considered as microorganisms for forming such thermophilic bacterial flora.

<1> A novel microorganism artificially isolated from panda feces, which has a growth temperature range of 20 to 50 ° C. and an optimum growth temperature of about 45 ° C., and is aerobic. It is a spore-forming bacterium and can grow without the presence of oxygen.It shows a positive egg yolk reaction, and when it contains a lot of oxygen, it decomposes to produce carbon dioxide from organic materials, and it also produces raw starch, gelatin, casein and lecithin. A microorganism which is characterized by being decomposed and further strongly positive for amylase reaction, protease reaction, and lipase reaction, and the strain belongs to the genus Bacillus.

<2> A novel microorganism artificially isolated from panda feces, which has a growth temperature range of 20 ° C to 50 ° C.
C., the optimum growth temperature is about 45.degree. C., it is an aerobic spore bacillus and can grow even in the absence of oxygen. It decomposes raw starch, gelatin, casein and lecithin, and further amylase. A microorganism characterized in that the reaction, the protease reaction, and the lipase reaction are strongly positive, respectively, and the strain belongs to the genus Bacillus.

<3> A novel microorganism artificially separated from panda feces, which has a growth temperature range of 20 ° C to 50 ° C.
And the optimum growth temperature is about 45 ° C, it is an aerobic spore-forming bacterium and can grow even in the absence of oxygen, and it shows a positive yolk reaction and raw starch,
Decomposes gelatin, casein and lecithin, and further shows strong positive amylase reaction and protease reaction, respectively.
A microorganism characterized by a positive lipase reaction and a strain belonging to the genus Bacillus.

<4> A novel microorganism artificially isolated from panda feces, which has a growth temperature range of 20 ° C to 55 ° C.
The optimum temperature for growth is about 55 ° C., it is an aerobic spore-forming bacterium, and it can grow even in the absence of oxygen. It shows a positive yolk reaction and produces lecithinase, protease and urease. , An amylase reaction and a protease reaction are positive, a lipase reaction is strongly positive, and the strain belongs to the genus Bacillus.

<5> A novel microorganism artificially separated from panda feces, which has a growth temperature range of 20 ° C to 60 ° C.
In addition, the optimum growth temperature is about 55 ° C., it is an aerobic spore bacillus, and it can grow even in the absence of oxygen, and it forms extremely strong heat-resistant spores,
A microorganism characterized by decomposing casein and lecithin, strongly positive for amylase reaction and protease reaction, positive for lipase reaction, and belonging to the genus Bacillus.

<6> Any one of the above-mentioned microorganisms, characterized in that xylose and methyl cellulose are added to grow a new bacterial phase, whereby artificial separation is achieved.

Among them, a suitable thermophilic flora is Bacillus
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
148 (FERM P-18349), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 24
14 (FERM P-18347), Bacillus licheniformis 136 (FERM
P-18346), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus
subtilis) 237 (FERM P-18350) and Bacillus licheniformis
2530 (FERM P-18348), which has been propagated and bred from at least one of the five strains.

In culture breeding for the formation of thermophilic bacterial flora, it is generally considered that the culture is carried out at a temperature of about 50 ° C. to 80 ° C., which is higher than the optimum growth temperature of the microorganism as described above. It It is preferable to carry out the culturing a plurality of times, and it is considered that the culturing temperature is gradually raised as the number of times increases.

It is considered that the culture breeding is carried out as a culture using food waste related to food waste.

The culture-bred thermophilic flora adapts even under high temperature conditions where the original bacteria cannot grow, and exhibits the activity of degrading food-related waste. In the operation for this decomposition, water is added to one or more kinds of okara, bran and nuka, or one or more kinds of animal garbage or vegetable garbage and food-related waste. In addition, incubate at high temperature in a moist state.

The high temperature condition at this time is, for example, 50 ° C. to 8 ° C.
A temperature range of 0 ° C. is considered. At this temperature, hardly decomposable plant food-related wastes such as okara, bran, and nuka are decomposed. The usefulness of rice bran is emphasized here. This is because rice bran is extremely good as a culture promoting material.

Therefore, an embodiment will be shown below and further detailed description will be given. Of course, the invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0028]

[Examples] <Cultivation and breeding of thermophilic bacterial flora> Five novel bacterial strains, Bacillus amyloliquenfaciens, 14 as described above provided by the inventor 14
8 (FERM P-18349) etc. are individually GA
20 mm of M broth was inoculated and cultured in a furan vessel at 55 ° C. for two nights. This operation was repeated 5 times, and the subculture at 60 ° C. was repeated 5 times to amplify the bacteria growing at high temperature. Finally, incubate each with 200 mm GAM broth,
A total of 1 liter of bacterial solution was added to 3 kg of the bacterial bed of the garbage processor (1.2 kg of the attached biomaterial and 1.6 kg of chaff) and then sterilized and prepared.
20 g of sugar and 20 g of xylose and 100 g of rice bran (which has a large oil content as food-related waste) were added. The household garbage processor (made by Takubo Seisakusho) was turned on to start stirring and heating. During the daytime, the bacterial bed was thoroughly agitated by hand at intervals of about 2 hours to supply a sufficient amount of air.

The addition of rice bran is due to the fact that it is a culture material that is preferred by the five new bacterial strains and that it is a fermentation promoting material that is characterized by generating high temperatures from its decomposition.

From the next day, 100 g of rice bran, GAM
50 grams of broth powder (manufactured by Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 20 grams each of sugar and xylose, and 500 milliliters of water were continuously added every day, and the garbage disposal was operated. The temperature in the treatment machine in the first week was about 50 ° C, but from around the second week, the temperature due to fermentation gradually increased to more than 70 ° C.

Therefore, 100 grams of fish scraps and 200 tap water
A mixture of 100 g of Milli, Okara and 100 g of Bran was added to the fungal bed to give water evenly, and 100 g of Nuka was further added from the top of the fungal bed to operate the processor. The weight of the bacterial bed and the temperature inside the processor were measured daily. By repeating such an operation for several weeks, the breeding of a novel thermophilic flora adapted to the initial purpose of keeping the in-machine temperature above 60 ° C. and above 70 ° C. at noon and in the evening was successful. In this state, an experiment was conducted on the decomposition treatment of okara and bran. <Decomposition treatment of food-related waste> FERM P-18
The case of using a thermophilic bacterial flora cultured and bred from 349 bacteria will be described as an example. Similar results are obtained with other novel bacteria.

Example of Okara Treatment When only Okara is added, the water content is insufficient and the bacterial bed is dried, so that the decomposition does not proceed sufficiently. When vegetable waste or tap water was added, the fungus bed was given proper humidity and the fermentation temperature could be raised sufficiently. When tap water was added too much, the fungal bed became dango-like and the supply of oxygen was insufficient, resulting in incomplete decomposition. In that case, when Nuka was added as a fermentation accelerator, the high temperature was obtained, the diffusion of water was promoted, and the bacterial bed could be returned to its original good condition.

500 g of Okara as raw garbage and 100 of fish scraps
1 kg of vegetables and 400 g of tap water was continuously put into the garbage processor every day (except Sunday) for 5 weeks (30 days). The temperature inside the garbage disposal was measured three times a day, and the weight of the bacterial bed was measured every morning to examine the quality of fermentation.

A total of 5 kg of fish scraps, okara and tap water
As a result of the weekly feeding, the increase in the weight of the bacterial bed in 30 days was 0.
It was only 75 km. A decomposition rate of 97.5% could be achieved. The average temperature of the fungal bed in the processing machine for 30 days was 6 around noon.
The temperature was 6.1 ° C and the evening temperature was 70.9 ° C.

Example of bran treatment 500 g bran, 100 g of fish scraps and 4 tap water as raw garbage
A total of 1 kg of 00 g was continuously put into the garbage processor every day (except Sunday) for 5 weeks (30 days). The temperature inside the garbage disposal was measured three times a day, and the weight of the bacterial bed was measured every morning to examine the quality of fermentation.

A total of 30 kg of bran, fish chips and tap water
As a result of the weekly addition, the increase in the weight of the bacterial bed in 30 days was 1.
It was 40 kilometers. 95.33% of the cumulative input weight was decomposed. The average temperature of the bacterial bed was 66.0 ° C. around noon and 72.5 ° C. in the evening.

Example of Okara / Fusuma Mixing 200 g of okara, 300 g of bran, fish scraps 2 as raw garbage
A total of 1 kg of 00 g and 300 g of tap water was continuously put into the garbage processing machine every day (except Sunday) for 5 weeks (30 days). Measure the temperature inside the garbage processor three times a day,
Furthermore, the weight of the bacterial bed was measured every morning to examine the quality of the fermentation state.

A total of 30 kg of okara, bran, fish scraps and tap water were added for 5 weeks, and as a result, the weight increase of the bacterial bed in 30 days was only 0.55 kg. Cumulative input weight of 98.
17% decomposed and disappeared. The average temperature of the fungal bed was 67.6 ° C at noon and 71.6 ° C in the evening.

[0039]

As described in detail above, according to the invention of this application, okara, bran, nuka or / and animal and plant wastes are used as a culture medium for microorganisms bred so as to actively grow even at high temperatures. Can be almost completely decomposed. A method of treating garbage that produces almost no emissions (secondary waste) is realized.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C12R 1:07) B09B 3/00 ZABD (C12N 1/20 A C12R 1:10) (C12N 1/20 C12R (125) (72) Inventor Yasunori Sugai, 2-29-2, Kita 2-jo Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido UENO Building 5F, H2 Japan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor, Yasuhiro Kudo, Atsube, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 1-2-1, Shimo-no-Poro Techno Park, F-Term in Dentsu Co., Ltd. (reference) 4B065 AA15X AA19X AC01 BA22 CA55 4D004 AA03 AA04 CA15 CA18 CA22 CB04 CB21 CB31 CC07 CC08

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A food-related waste characterized by culturing a thermophilic bacterial flora that produces a thermostable enzyme group in a wet state obtained by adding water to a plant-based food-related waste to decompose the food-related waste. Waste treatment method. 2. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the thermophilic bacterial flora is obtained by culturing and breeding an organic substance-degrading bacterium at a temperature exceeding the optimum growth temperature. 3. The treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the thermophilic bacterial flora has been cultivated and cultivated by repeating the culturing operation a plurality of times. 4. The treatment method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the thermophilic bacterial flora is obtained by culturing and breeding with rice bran added as a culture promoting material. 5. The thermophilic bacterial flora is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 148 (FE
RM P-18349), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 2414 (FER
MP-18347), Bacillus lichenifolmis (B
acillus licheniformis) 136 (FERM P-183
46), Bacillus subtilis 2
37 (FERM P-18350) and Bacillus licheniformis 2530 (F
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is cultivated and cultivated from at least one of the five strains of ERM P-18348). 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the culturing of the high temperature bacterial flora for the decomposition treatment of food-related waste is carried out aerobically in a temperature range of 50 ° C. to 85 ° C. Processing method. 7. The food-related waste is one or more kinds of okara, bran and nuka, or one or more kinds of it and animal garbage and vegetable garbage. 7. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein: 8. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein rice bran is added as a culture promoting agent to the culture for the decomposition treatment of the food-related waste.