JP2003304735A - Functional board, board for plant cultivation and draining ventilator using the same board - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a functional board utilizable as a board for plant cultivation suitable for rooftop greening, etc., and readily constructing a draining ventilator. <P>SOLUTION: The functional board is obtained by forming a plurality of first grooves 2 on the right and back surfaces of a sheet 1A and a plurality of second grooves 3 intersecting the first grooves 2 at nearly right angles. Broad units L1 and L2 provided with the three first grooves 2 are formed on both surfaces of the sheet 1A, respectively with a marking 7B for cutting sandwiched therebetween on the left side of a marking 7A for cutting. On the right side, narrow units S1 and S2 provided with the two first grooves 2, respectively are formed on both surfaces of the sheet 1A with a marking C for cutting sandwiched therebetween. Furthermore, water storage parts 6 (only a part thereof are shown) are provided in a flat part on the sheet surface. The resultant sheet 1A is intactly laid and utilized as the board for plant cultivation or the narrow units S1 and S2 are separated from two sites of the markings 7A and 7C for cutting. The mutual surfaces of the resultant two units S1 and S2 are brought into close contact to mutually associate the first grooves 2 with the second grooves 3. Thereby, the resultant unit is utilized as the draining ventilator required for landscape architecture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a functional board, more specifically, a board for plant cultivation, drainage,
The present invention relates to a functional board that can be used as a ventilation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, especially in large cities, the number of high-rise buildings has increased due to artificial overcrowding, and the temperature of cities has risen. In addition, the increase in the number of automobiles and the increase in the size of freight vehicles may cause a deterioration of the urban environment caused by the exhaust gas. Including these heat island phenomenon,
As one of the preventive measures against the deterioration of the environment such as the decrease of greenery and an artificial and scenic landscape, a greening movement to plant plants on the roof of a building such as a building has been strongly demanded.

By the way, since the roof of a building or the like is not originally considered as a space for greening,
It is devised how to construct the function of natural soil in fields and gardens as an artificial medium on the roof of concrete or the like.

A technique of this kind is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 96969/1986.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 19 discloses a vegetation characterized in that a water reservoir is provided at the bottom, and one or more air layers are provided inside the upper vegetation portion of the water reservoir to vegetate the surface of the vegetation. A method is disclosed. In this method, a watertight concrete or plastic container-like outer frame that holds the entire garden is provided, and a plastic frame that forms the water storage part is placed from the bottom of this, and gravel and soil are placed on this frame. It is characterized by placing a frame with a net and forming an air layer between them so that plants can be vegetated.

[0005]

However, in order to carry out the above-mentioned conventional vegetation method, the outer frame of the container is formed with water-resistant concrete or the like, and the plastic frame is sequentially laminated in the outer frame to construct the container. The structure is complicated, and the type and number of construction members are large, which is inevitably large, and the cost is extremely high, and the installation is not easy.

The present invention solves the above conventional problems and can be used as a board for plant cultivation having an inexpensive and simple structure, and at the same time, a functional board which can easily construct a drainage / aeration device using this board. The purpose is to provide.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention comprises a foamed synthetic resin sheet, wherein at least one surface of the sheet is provided with a first groove, and further,
A functional board is characterized in that at least two units each having a second groove substantially orthogonal to the first groove are provided at appropriate intervals (claim 1).

A second aspect of the invention is a functional board according to the first aspect in which a water storage portion is provided in a flat portion.

A third aspect of the present invention is the functional board according to the first or second aspect, in which the width of each unit is different for every two units.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a functional board according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a marking for cutting is provided on a boundary between the units.

In a preferred embodiment, the foamed synthetic resin sheet is made of expanded polystyrene resin.
It is a functional board given in any 1 paragraph of ~ 4.

A second aspect of the present invention includes a plant cultivation board comprising the functional board according to any one of claims 1 to 5 (claim 6).

[0013] A seventh aspect of the present invention is the plant cultivation board according to the sixth aspect, wherein a water-permeable sheet is provided on the surface of the board.

In a third aspect of the present invention, the functional board according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is cut at a boundary between units, and the surfaces of the obtained two units are brought into close contact with each other. A drainage / ventilation unit formed by associating the first grooves with each other and the second grooves with each other to form the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively. Drainage characterized by arranging the closed side facing down, above
It has a ventilation device (claim 8).

[0015] Claim 9 as a preferred embodiment, drainage ·
The drainage / ventilation device according to claim 8, wherein the ventilation unit is covered with a water-permeable sheet.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the drainage / ventilation device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the drainage / ventilation unit and the drainage / ventilation unit are joined by a water-permeable sheet.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.

Example 1 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a functional board 1 of this example is made of a foam synthetic resin sheet 1A, and a first groove 2 is provided on the upper surface of the sheet 1A. A first unit 4 having a second groove 3 substantially orthogonal to the first groove 2 and a second unit 5 having the same structure are connected in series. Further, a concave water storage portion 6 is provided in a flat portion adjacent to the first groove 2 and the second groove 3 of the functional board 1, and the first center is provided on the surface of the functional board 1.
Parallel to the groove 2 of the first unit 4 and the second unit 5
A marking 7 for cutting is attached to indicate the boundary between and. The water storage unit 6 stores water that permeates and drips in the soil layer, and is appropriately dispersed and arranged in a flat portion other than the grooves 2 and 3.

Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, as a basic form of the present invention, the number of each unit provided on the functional board 1 is 2, and the first groove 2 and the second groove provided in each unit. Although the number of three rows is shown as one row, the number of units is related to the size of the foamed synthetic resin sheet 1A and the number of grooves, but it is sufficient if there are two or more, and the first groove 2 and the first groove 2 The number of grooves of the groove 3 of 2 is appropriately determined according to the situation of use. The upper limit of the number of units depends on the size of the foam synthetic resin sheet 1A and the size of the unit, but considering the size of the foam synthetic resin sheet 1A and the unit shown below, about 15 is preferable, and about 10 is about 10. More preferable.

As the material of the foamed synthetic resin sheet 1A,
For example, foamed polystyrene resin, foamed vinyl chloride resin, foamed polyethylene, foamed polyolefin resin such as foamed polypropylene, foamed polyurethane resin and the like,
Expanded polystyrene resin is preferable because it has appropriate rigidity and is excellent in heat insulating property, water resistance and buffering property. Of course, a resin obtained by recycling these used resins is also suitably used.

The size of the foamed synthetic resin sheet 1A is not particularly limited, but a rectangular shape having a side length of about 1 to 2 m is preferable and a thickness of 3 in view of easiness of production and handling.
It is preferably about 0 to 200 mm. The grooves 2 and 3 preferably have a width of 20 to 15 mm and a depth of 10 to 100 mm. The size of the water storage portion 6 is not particularly limited, may be appropriately determined depending on the number of the water storage portions 6 provided, and the depth may be selected from about 10 to 100 mm.

The cross-sectional shape of the first groove 2 and the second groove 3 is shown as a rectangular shape in FIG. 1, but the shape is not limited to this and may be a semicircular shape, a V-shape, or a semi-elliptical shape. I wish I had it.

Although the details will be described later, in the case where the state as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used, that is, it is laid and used as it is on the roof of a building or the like without being cut along the cutting marking 7, , Used as a board for plant cultivation. In this case, it is preferable to place a water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric or a woven fabric on the surface of the board in order to prevent the soil from penetrating into the through holes 9 and 8 to be blocked.

Embodiment 2 Next, a case where the functional board of the present invention is cut along the cutting marking 7 and used will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. 3 and 4 are two separated boards obtained by cutting the functional board 1 described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 along a cutting marking 7 indicating a boundary between the first unit and the second unit. From the drainage / ventilation unit 10 in which the surfaces of the units are brought into close contact with each other to associate the first grooves with each other and the second grooves with each other to form the first through holes 8 and the second through holes 9, respectively. The drainage / ventilation device 12 in which the opening side of the second through hole 9 is arranged upward and the closing side is arranged downward.
Is shown.

By arranging the drainage / ventilation device 12 in such a state, the water permeating and dripping from the upper soil layer enters the device through the second through hole 9 and then the first water.
If the drainage / ventilation device 12 is arranged so as to be inclined, the water flows toward the downstream side in the first through-hole 8 like the conventional PVC pipe. In addition to functioning as a water distribution pipe, it also functions as a ventilation pipe, supplying oxygen to plants and preventing root rot. Moreover, since the material of the functional board uses a foaming resin, it can be easily cut and processed at the construction site to easily form a drainage / ventilation device, so that it has excellent workability.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 5 shows a case where the drainage / ventilation unit 10 is covered with a water-permeable sheet 11 to form a drainage / ventilation device 12. In this way, the water permeable sheet 1 is formed so that at least all the second through holes 9 are covered around the drainage / ventilation unit 10.
When forming the artificial medium for planting, the drainage / ventilation device 12 covered by 1 prevents the through holes 9 and the through holes 8 from clogging by the soil by the water permeable sheet 11. After the surfaces are brought into close contact with each other and the first grooves are brought into contact with each other, and the second grooves are brought into contact with each other, occurrence of positional deviation or the like is prevented, and durability and reliability of the water distribution / ventilation device 12 are improved. It should be noted that other means may be used in combination in order to prevent positional displacement and separation of the units 4 and 5. As such means, for example, after the surfaces of the units 4 and 5 are brought into close contact with each other, a rod-shaped body is penetrated through the units 4 and 5, and both ends are bent or fastened with nuts so that the units 4 and 5 are displaced. The units 4 and 5 are integrated so as not to separate from each other, or the units 4 and 5 are integrated with a string, a tape, a wire, or the like.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 6 shows a drainage / ventilation apparatus in a state in which the drainage / ventilation units 10 covered with the water-permeable sheet 11 shown in FIG. 12 is shown.

Embodiment 5 Next, another form of the groove provided in the foamed synthetic resin sheet 1A will be described with reference to FIGS. In the functional board shown in the first embodiment, the first unit 2 as shown in FIGS.
Although an example in which the state of the plan view of No. 2 is formed side by side as it is in the lateral direction is shown, as shown in FIG. Are formed to face each other on the cutting marking 7 or to be line-symmetrical to the cutting marking 7.

FIG. 8 is a central cross-sectional view of the second groove 3 shown in FIG. 7, but the depth of the groove is set to the root of each of the second grooves 3 of both units 4 and 5 (contacting the groove 2). If a recess is provided in the central part by forming an appropriate gradient from the part) and making it deeper toward the central part, this part is a kind of built-in board when used as a plant cultivation board. It becomes the water storage unit 14 and functions in the same manner as the water storage unit 6 described in the first embodiment.

In the case of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the second groove 3 of both units 4 and 5 is formed with an appropriate slope from the root to the center so that the second groove is formed.
Since the entrance of the through hole 9 of the above is widened, it is possible to capture a larger amount of water that permeates and drips from the upper soil layer, and improvement of water retention can be expected. In addition, although the water storage section 6 shown in the first embodiment is not provided in this embodiment, it is needless to say that the water storage section may be provided in the flat portion as in the first embodiment, if necessary.

Sixth Embodiment In the first to sixth embodiments described above, the first groove and the second groove are provided only on one of the front and back surfaces of the functional board 1, but as shown in FIG. It is also possible to symmetrically form these grooves on the front and back surfaces of the board 1. In this embodiment, a space portion 15 is formed between the board 1 and the surface on which the board 1 is installed (such as a rooftop concrete surface of a building), and a through hole 16 is formed at the tip of the second groove 3 as needed. For example, there is an advantage that the through hole 16 has a drainage function and that air can be taken in more efficiently from the lower portion of the through hole 16.

Embodiment 7 Next, based on FIG. 11, a plurality of first grooves 2 are provided on the front and back of the sheet 1A, and a plurality of second grooves 3 are also provided substantially orthogonal to the first grooves 2. A functional board having a configuration in which the width of the unit is different for each two units will be described.

The form of the groove provided in the sheet includes the form shown in the first embodiment and the form shown in the fifth embodiment, and in this embodiment, as shown in L1 and L2 and S1 and S2. In the figure, two types of forms are shown formed on one sheet 1A, but only one of the forms is used for the functional board 1
Of course, it may be formed.

As shown in FIG. 11, on the left side of the cutting marking 7A, the first groove 2 is sandwiched between the cutting markings 7B, and the wide unit L1 in which three grooves are provided on both sides of the sheet 1A. L2 is provided, and the first groove 2 is provided on both sides of the sheet on the right side with the cutting marking 7C interposed therebetween.
Narrow-width units S1 and S2, which are provided in a row, are provided. In addition, the water storage section 6 is provided on the flat portion of the surface of the sheet 1A.
(Only a part of the figure is shown).

When this is used as a board for plant cultivation, a water-permeable sheet is placed on the board so that artificial soil or natural soil does not enter the grooves. Further, the larger the number of the first and second grooves 2 and 3 provided in the sheet 1A, the larger the space becomes, so that the drainage property and the air permeability are improved. On the other hand, the water storage part 6 provided in the flat part is It has a relationship of becoming smaller. Therefore, it may be appropriately determined in consideration of drainage property, air permeability and water storage property.

In the case of using as a drainage / ventilation device, for example, when it is desired to form the first through hole 8 in two stages, the unit S having a narrow width from two places of the markings 7A and 7C for cutting.
1 and S2 are separated, and the surfaces of the obtained two units are brought into close contact with each other so that the first grooves and the second grooves are associated with each other to form the first through hole 8 and the second through hole, respectively. 9 is formed and used as a drainage / ventilation device (shown in FIG. 12). Then, the remaining wide units L1 and L2 may be used as they are as a board for plant cultivation, or may be used as a large drainage / ventilation device having three first through holes 8. That is, the units S1 and S2 can be utilized as a plant cultivation board to separate the portions L1 and L2 to construct a drainage / ventilation device having the first through holes 8 in three stages in the vertical direction.

Example 8 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a rooftop greening using the functional board of the present invention as a board for plant cultivation. That is,
After the plant cultivation board 18 is laid on the surface of the concrete 17 on the roof of the building, the water permeable sheet 11 is arranged thereon. Subsequently, the lightweight soil 19 is filled up and desired plants 20 are planted to complete rooftop greening. At this time, if it is necessary to adjust the degree of drainage / ventilation according to the layout of the rooftop garden or the nature of the plant planned for planting, it is desired from the marking for cutting the board as described above. Two units may be cut out and a drainage / ventilation device may be appropriately constructed and used. By doing so, it becomes possible to easily construct the drainage / ventilation device on site without separately procuring a commonly used piping member such as a PVC pipe.

Example 9 FIG. 14 shows an example in which the functional board of the present invention is used as a drainage / ventilation device for a park embankment. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, embankment blocks 21 made of expanded polystyrene are stacked, and the drainage / ventilation device 12 covered with a water-permeable sheet is arranged on one side or both sides of the laminated body, and then, on top of them. The embankment 22 is applied and the plant 20 is planted. With such a configuration, rainwater and the like that have penetrated the embankment 22 enter the drainage / ventilation device 12 and are guided to a predetermined place by the device 12, and the embankment 2 is also provided by the device 12.
Air is blown into the plant and oxygen is sent to the plants, and at the same time root rot is prevented.

[0039]

As described above, the functional board of the present invention,
A plant cultivation board and a drainage / ventilation device using the board have many advantages and characteristics as described below.

According to the present invention, a functional board which can be used as a board for plant cultivation or which can easily construct a drainage / aeration device from the same board can be manufactured by one mold. Is extremely economical,
It is useful for rooftop greening and greening of embankments.

Further, since the functional board of the present invention is made of a foaming resin material, it has excellent water resistance, is lightweight, and is easy to handle, so that not only the workability is further improved, but also by utilizing this, plant cultivation can be performed. The use of the board and / or the drainage / ventilation device makes it possible to easily and inexpensively construct an artificial medium having requirements necessary for plant cultivation such as water retention, drainage, and air permeability.

Further, the drainage / ventilation device indispensable for greening and landscaping can be obtained immediately by cutting and assembling it from the same functional board, and the boards are formed so that the width of each unit is different for every two units. If this is done, drainage / notification devices of various sizes can be obtained according to the actual conditions of on-site construction, which is extremely useful.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a trihedral view of a functional board according to a first embodiment of the present invention as seen from a plane, front, and side.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the functional board.

3A and 3B are a front view and a side view showing a drainage / ventilation device including a drainage / ventilation unit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the drainage / ventilation device.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a drainage / ventilation device covered with a water-permeable sheet in Example 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state in which the drainage / ventilation device in Example 4 of the present invention is joined with a water-permeable sheet.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another form of the functional board according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a built-in water storage portion provided in a second groove in FIG. 7 of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing that the entrance width of the second through hole is enlarged by the built-in water storage section.

FIG. 10 is a plan view and a side sectional view showing a functional board according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which grooves are provided on both surfaces of the board and a through hole is provided at the center of the second groove.

FIG. 11 is a plan view and a side view of a functional board according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of grooves are provided on both surfaces of the board.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a drainage / ventilation device formed from the functional board.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a state where the functional board is used as a board for plant cultivation in Example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 shows a state in which the drainage / ventilation device constructed from a functional board is used as a drainage / ventilation device for a park embankment in Example 9 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Functional board 1A foamed rigid resin sheet 2 first groove 3 second groove 4 First unit 5 Second unit 6 water storage 7 Cutting marking 7A, 7B, 7C Cutting marking 8 First through hole 9 Second through hole 10 Drainage / ventilation unit 11 Water-permeable sheet 12 Drainage / ventilation equipment 13 Tip 14 Built-in water storage 15 Space section 16 through holes 17 concrete 18 Plant cultivation board 19 Light soil 20 plants 21 Block for embankment 22 Embankment

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A foamed synthetic resin sheet, wherein a first groove is provided on at least one surface of the sheet, and the first groove is further provided.
2. A functional board, characterized in that at least two units each having a second groove substantially orthogonal to the groove are provided at appropriate intervals. 2. The functional board according to claim 1, wherein a water storage portion is provided on the flat portion. 3. The functional board according to claim 1, wherein the width of each unit is different for every two units. 4. The functional board according to claim 1, wherein a cutting mark is provided on a boundary between the units. 5. The functional board according to claim 1, wherein the expanded synthetic resin sheet is made of expanded polystyrene resin. 6. A plant cultivation board comprising the functional board according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The board for plant cultivation according to claim 6, wherein a water-permeable sheet is provided on the surface of the board. 8. The first groove is formed by cutting the functional board according to any one of claims 1 to 5 at a boundary between units, and bringing the surfaces of the obtained two units into close contact with each other. A drainage / ventilation unit in which the first through hole and the second through hole are formed by associating the first groove and the second groove with each other, and the opening side of the second through hole is directed upward and the closing side is closed. The drainage / ventilation device is characterized in that it is arranged so as to face downward. 9. The drainage / ventilation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the drainage / ventilation unit is covered with a water-permeable sheet. 10. An adjacent drainage / ventilation unit and drainage
The drainage / ventilation device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the ventilation unit is joined by a water-permeable sheet.