JP2003301694A - Shield machine and method for replacing its bit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine, and provide a method for replacing its bit, which allow the easy and inexpensive replacement of a bit without complicating a structure of the shield machine or making the length of the machine longer. <P>SOLUTION: An inner barrel 3 is retreated with respect to an outer barrel 2 by retracting an extension/contraction part 28 of a cutter spoke 27 which is formed in a cutter disc 7 of the shield machine 1. A fish-tail assembly 8 is advanced from a use position to a retractive position; pressurized air is fed to an air bag 11, which is housed in a state of being folded by a pressurized air feeding mechanism, so that the air bag 11 can be developed in a disc-like shape on the front of the cutter disc 7; and the air bag 11 is removed after a cut-off wall W is formed by discharging a cut-off wall forming agent to the front of the developed air bag 11 by means of a cut-off wall feeding mechanism. Additionally, an operator enters a bit replacing room R which is formed after the removal of the air bag 11, and replaces a cutter bit 29 and a fish-tail bit 31. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine during tunnel excavation and a method for exchanging bits thereof, and in particular, at the time of exchanging bits, a water blocking wall is formed in the ground and the airbag is removed. Regarding the thing that entered the space and made bit exchange possible.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shield excavators are used for excavating shield tunnels (tunnels) such as subways and water and sewer systems. Ordinary shield excavators are used to rotate the outer shell, inner shell, cutter disk, and cutter disk. It is equipped with a drive mechanism, multiple shield jacks, earth removal equipment, and an erector for lining the segment on the inner surface of the excavated tunnel. This shield excavator drives a cutter disk to rotate to excavate the natural ground, takes the reaction force of the shield jack into the lined segment, and proceeds with the propulsive force of the shield jack. However, the bit of the cutter disk of the shield machine is damaged or worn by rocks and earth and sand in the ground during tunneling. Therefore, the excavation distance is about 1 without exchanging the cutter bit and fish tail bit. It is about 2 km. Therefore, some mechanisms and methods for making the bits of the cutter disk exchangeable during the tunnel excavation are disclosed.

In the shield machine of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-145377, after the reduced diameter cutter spokes are housed in the bit exchanging work chamber provided in the bulk head part, and the front part of the bit exchanging chamber is closed by a shutter. , A method in which a worker enters a bit exchanging chamber to exchange a cutter bit is disclosed. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-291381, a cutter head is composed of six fan-shaped cutter heads, and twelve fan-shaped opening / closing doors are arranged in the vicinity of the rear of the cutter head in the radial direction of the tunnel and in the axial direction of the tunnel. When the bit is replaced, the cutter head is retracted to the cutter head storage section behind the opening / closing door in the body member,
After rotating the 12 open / close doors to close the front end of the shield machine with the open / close door, a worker enters the cutter storage section to replace the cutter bit.

In the shield machine of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-323781, near the front end of the shield machine,
A blade partition wall with a slit that allows the front end of the cutter to pass through and is located behind the cutter disk during tunneling.This cutting wall partition is provided so that it can move back and forth with respect to the partition wall at the rear end of the chamber. Occasionally, the cutter disk is moved backwards from the Y-shaped disk passage hole of the face partition, the slit of the face partition is closed with a blocking plate, and a gel filler is filled on the ground side in front of the face partition. Then, the worker enters the working space between the face partition and the cutter disk to replace the cutter bit.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-184278, at the time of exchanging a bit of a shield machine, a low-strength mortar is injected after a solidifying material is injected into a front end chamber, and a high-strength mortar is placed on the front side of a cutter disk. Then, a technique is disclosed in which the cutter disc is retracted together with the inner barrel and the partition wall to form a bit exchange space and the cutter bit is exchanged.

In the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-30885, a cutting face holding device is provided in a central portion of a cutter disk so as to project forward, and a folded pressure-resistant holding bag is stored inside the cutting face holding device. When exchanging bits, the chamber is filled with a stabilizing solution such as high-concentration mud, and the cutter disk is retracted together with the inner shell and partition wall to provide a space in front of the cutter disk, and a pressure holding bag is provided from the face holding device to this space. By expanding with water or air, the front surface of the cutter disk is stopped, the stabilizing liquid in the chamber is discharged, and then a worker enters the chamber to replace the bit from behind the cutter disk.

[0007]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
0-145377, JP-A-2000-291381.
In the device disclosed in the publication, since the exchange room for exchanging the cutter bit is required inside the shield machine, the length of the shield machine becomes long. Further, a mechanism for driving a shutter for opening and closing the front surface of the bit exchanging chamber and a mechanism for moving the cutter back and forth are required, which complicates the structure of the shield machine.

The apparatus disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-323781 requires a mechanism for moving the cutter disk back and forth, a mechanism for moving the face partition, and the like, which complicates the structure of the shield machine. If the number of cutter spokes is increased, the structure of the face partition wall becomes complicated, and the number of cutter spokes is restricted. In the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-184278, since mortar adheres to the surface of the cutter disk, it takes a lot of labor to remove the mortar after exchanging the bit.

In the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-30885, when exchanging bits, a working space cannot be formed in front of the cutter disk and the cutter bits are exchanged from the rear of the cutter, so the bit exchanging work is not easy. It takes a lot of effort. Therefore, it cannot be applied to a shield machine in which the cutter bit can be replaced only from the front of the cutter. Bit provided on the front of the face holder
The (fish tail bit) cannot be replaced, and the cape of the shield machine is long because the face holding device is projected from the cutter disk.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield machine and a method for exchanging the bit, which makes it possible to easily and inexpensively replace a bit without complicating the structure of the shield machine and increasing the length of the machine. Is.

[0011]

A shield machine according to claim 1 is fixed to an outer case, an inner case movably fitted in the outer case in a tunnel axial direction, and a front end portion of the inner case. In a shield machine having a partition for partitioning the rear end of the chamber and a cutter disk rotatably supported by the partition, a core ring portion provided in the central portion of the cutter disk and the inside of the core ring portion. An airbag storage portion formed in the airbag, an airbag that is stored in the airbag storage portion in a folded state and can be deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk, and an air supply means that can supply pressurized air to the airbag. A water blocking wall forming agent supply means for discharging a water blocking wall forming agent made of mortar or a synthetic resin foaming agent to the front side of the airbag when the airbag is deployed,
It is characterized in that a water blocking wall forming agent supply means having a discharge port is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the front end portion of the outer body.

[0012] In this shield machine, during tunneling, when the air bag is stored in the air bag storage portion inside the coring portion in a folded state and the bit is worn and the bit needs to be replaced. In addition, the inner body is retracted into the outer body together with the partition wall, and the airbag stored in the airbag storage portion of the coring portion in a folded state is inflated by the pressurized air supplied from the air supply means, so that the cutter disc Deploy to the front.

Next, the water blocking wall forming agent is supplied to the front surface of the airbag in the deployed state to form the water blocking wall by the water blocking wall forming agent supply means, and then the airbag is removed. A worker enters the space and replaces the cutter bit and fish tail bit from the front of the cutter disk. Therefore, the bits can be easily and efficiently exchanged. Further, after this bit replacement, a new airbag can be stored if necessary. Since the air bag is deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk, the water blocking wall forming agent such as mortar does not directly adhere to the cutter disk, and therefore the removal work is not necessary. The airbag can be made of woven or non-woven fabric which is excellent in flexibility, airtightness and strength.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the shield machine of the first aspect, the fishtail set includes a fishtail board that closes the front surface of the air bag storage portion, and a fishtail bit fixed to the fishtail board. A three-dimensional structure is provided, and the fish tail assembly is configured to be switchable between a use position for excavating a tunnel and a retreat position for exchanging bits, which is moved a predetermined distance forward from the use position.

From the use position of the fish tail assembly,
Since the position can be switched to the retracted position, the fishtail assembly protects the airbag when excavating the tunnel, and when deploying the airbag, the airbag can be deployed simply by switching the position of the fishtail assembly to the retracted position. It has a simple structure.

According to another aspect of the shield machine of the present invention, the outer barrel, the inner barrel fitted to the outer barrel so as to be movable in the tunnel axial direction, and the rear end of the chamber fixed to the front end of the inner barrel. In a shield machine having a partition wall and a cutter disk rotatably supported by the partition wall, a plurality of airbag storage sections respectively formed in a plurality of cutter spokes of the cutter disk, and these airbag storage sections. A plurality of airbags each of which is stored in a folded state and can be deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk; and an air supply means capable of supplying pressurized air to the plurality of airbags.
Water-stop wall forming agent supply means for discharging a water-stop wall forming agent made of mortar or synthetic resin foaming agent to the front of the airbag when the air bag is deployed, and a discharge port at the inner peripheral portion of the outer body front end portion. And a water blocking wall forming agent supply means having a.

Since the operation of this shield machine is almost the same as that of the shield machine of claim 1, only different points will be described. Multiple airbags are provided,
During the tunnel excavation, these airbags are stored in a plurality of airbag storage portions respectively formed in the plurality of cutter spokes of the cutter disk. When the compressed air is supplied to a plurality of airbags when exchanging the bits of the cutter discs, the airbags are deployed so as to cover the front face of the cutter discs.

Next, a water blocking wall forming agent such as mortar is discharged on the front side of the cutter disk by a water blocking wall forming agent supplying means to form a water blocking wall. After that, the cutter disk is retracted to the outside together with the partition wall and the inner case to form a space on the front side of the cutter disk, the plurality of airbags in a deployed state are removed, and the bit is replaced. In this shield machine, an airbag storage portion is formed in a plurality of cutter spokes, and the airbag is stored therein. Therefore, the dead space in the cutter spokes can be effectively used to store the airbag. Moreover, since the front surfaces of the plurality of cutter spokes are covered with the plurality of relatively small airbags, the airbags can be reliably deployed.

A shield machine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the shield excavator according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein each of the plurality of cutter spokes of the cutter disk is provided with an extendable telescopic spoke portion, and the telescopic spoke portions are retracted. In this state, the cutter disk, together with the inner cylinder and the partition wall, can be retracted by a predetermined distance with respect to the outer cylinder. By retracting the telescopic spokes, the cutter disc can be retracted into the outer barrel together with the inner barrel and the partition wall, and in that state, the water blocking wall can be formed on the front side of the cutter disc.

The shield machine according to claim 5 is a shield machine according to claims 1 to 3.
In any one of the inventions of Claim 3, a plurality of flexible cord members for restricting a thickness in a tunnel axis direction in a deployed state to a predetermined thickness are provided inside the airbag. . When the airbag is deployed, it is not deployed spherically due to the restraint of the plurality of flexible cord members, but is flatly deployed so that the thickness in the axial direction of the tunnel becomes a predetermined thickness. Water can be reliably stopped by the bag.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield excavator bit exchanging method, comprising: an outer shell, an inner shell fitted to the outer shell so as to be movable in a tunnel axis direction, and a chamber fixed to a front end portion of the inner shell. In a bit exchanging method for excavating a tunnel using a shield excavator equipped with a partition wall for partitioning the rear end and a cutter disk rotatably supported by this partition wall, inside the coring portion of the cutter disk, An expandable airbag is stored in a folded state on the front surface of the cutter disk in advance, and when the bit of the cutter disk is replaced, the airbag is filled with pressurized air and the airbag of the cutter disk is stored. A bag deployment step of deploying on the front side, and a water blocking wall is formed by filling the front side of the deployed airbag with a water blocking wall forming material made of mortar or a synthetic resin foaming agent. The step of forming a water blocking wall, the step of removing the expanded airbag to form a space for exchanging the bits of the cutter disc, and the step of exchanging the bits for the cutter bit and the fish tail bit. And a bit exchanging step of exchanging.

When exchanging the bit, first, pressurized air is supplied to the airbag stored in the folded state to expand it on the front surface of the cutter disk, and then a water blocking wall forming agent is formed on the front surface of the airbag. Filling to form a water blocking wall, then removing the airbag in the deployed state to form a space for exchanging the bits of the cutter disk, and then an operator enters the space for exchanging the bits, Replace the cutter bit and fish tail bit. As described above, after expanding the airbag and stopping water on the front surface of the cutter disk,
By forming the water blocking wall and removing the airbag, the bits can be easily and efficiently replaced.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. First, the structure of the shield machine will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the shield excavator will be described assuming that the excavation direction is forward.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1 is
The outer case 2, the inner case 3 that is fitted in the outer case 2 so as to be movable in the tunnel axis direction, the partition wall 4 that is fixed to the front end portion of the inner case 3 and partitions the rear end of the chamber, and the partition wall 4 A chamber 5 formed in front of, a plurality of shield jacks 6 for generating thrust, a cutter disk 7 including a fish tail assembly 8, a cutter drive mechanism 9 for rotationally driving the cutter disk 7, and a cutter. A rotary joint 10 for supplying a hydraulic pressure or the like from a hydraulic pressure supply source to the disk 7, an airbag 11 for securing a working space when exchanging the cutter bit, and a compressed air for supplying the airbag 11 with air. Pressurized air supply means (
(Not shown), an earth discharging facility 12 for discharging the mud in the chamber 5, an erector 13, and the like.

The outer case 2 is formed in a tubular shape so as to cover the entire shield machine 1, the outer case front portion 2a is thick, and the outer case rear portion 2b is formed thinner than the outer case front portion 2a. Outer body 2
A tail seal 15 that seals the gap between the outer case 2 and the segment 14 is provided at the rear end portion.

The inner case 3 is fitted inside the front part 2a of the outer case so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, and in normal times (during tunneling), there are eight openings 16 formed in the inner case 3. The inner case 3 is fixed to the outer case 2 by welding and joining the eight fixing pieces 17 respectively arranged to the outer case 2. When exchanging the bit, the fixing piece 17 is cut to release the fixation, and the inner case 3 can move in the tunnel axis direction with respect to the outer case 2 together with the partition wall 4 and the cutter disk 7. However, the inner body 3 is located near the front end of the outer body 2.
A stopper 19 projecting to the side is formed to prohibit forward movement of the inner case 3 with respect to the outer case 2.

Ring webs 18a and 18b are formed on the inner side of the inner case 3 so as to project inward.
A plurality of shield jacks 6 are provided over 8a and 18b, and a plurality of transmission members 20 for transmitting the propulsive force from the shield jack 6 to the partition wall 4 are provided between the front end of the ring web 18a and the partition wall 4. It is provided at a position corresponding to the shield jacks 6 at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction.

A partition wall 4 orthogonal to the tunnel axis is formed at the front end of the inner case 3 to partition the rear end of the chamber 5. A main shaft 21 penetrates through the center of the partition wall 4 to rotatably support the cutter disk 7. The partition wall 4 is also formed with a manhole (not shown) that can be opened to access the chamber 5.

A plurality (for example, 12) of shield jacks 6 are arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, and each shield jack 6 is fixed through the ring web 18b so that the rod 6a extends and contracts rearward. An eccentric metal fitting 23 is connected to the rear end of the rod 6a, and a spreader 24 is pin-connected to a hemispherical convex portion of the eccentric metal fitting 23.
During tunneling, a plurality of spreaders 24 are brought into contact with the front end of the segment 14 lined on the inner surface of the tunnel to take a reaction force, and a plurality of shield jacks 6 generate a thrusting force. It is transmitted to the partition wall 4, the cutter disk 7, the inner case 3, the outer case 4 and the like via the plurality of transmission members 20.

The cutter disk 7 is supported by a main shaft 21 penetrating the partition 4, a gear case 4a is fixed to the rear surface of the partition 4, and a ring gear connected to the main shaft 21 is provided in the gear case 4a. A plurality of cutter drive motors 9 are provided in the gear case 4a, and pinions at the tips of the output shafts of the cutter drive motors 9 are meshed with the ring gears, so that the plurality of cutter drive motors 9 drive the main shaft 21 via the pinions and the ring gears. It is driven to rotate. Shaft cases 4b and 4c and a rotary joint 10 are provided at the center of the rear end of the gear case 4a. The rotary joint 10 is provided with a plurality of oil passages for supplying / discharging hydraulic pressure to / from a hydraulic cylinder of the cutter disk 7, an air passage for supplying pressurized air to the airbag 11, a grease passage, and the like.

A core ring portion 25 is provided at the center of the cutter disk 7, and an air bag storage portion 26 for storing the folded airbag 11 is formed inside the core ring portion 25. The cutter disk 7 includes a plurality of (for example, 4
Main) cutter spokes 27 are provided, and the tip end of each cutter spoke 27 is configured as an expandable / contractible portion 28 that can be expanded and contracted by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). It is possible to move backward together with the body 3 into the outer body 2. Multiple cutter spokes 2
A large number of cutter bits 29 are detachably attached to the vicinity of the front end of 7 (including the expansion / contraction portion 28).

The airbag 11 is stored in the airbag storage portion 26 of the coring portion 25 in a folded state,
When exchanging the cutter bit 29 of the cutter disk 7, when the bit is replaced, it is developed so as to cover the front surface of the cutter disk 7 with the pressurized air supplied by the air supply means.
The entire front side of the cutter disk 7 is stopped. The main body of the airbag 11 has a front cloth 11a and a rear cloth 11 having the same shape as the cutter disk 7 and a slightly larger diameter when viewed from the front.
b is a bag having an airtight structure in which an outer peripheral portion of the front cloth 11a and an outer peripheral portion of the rear cloth 11b are joined and / or sewn in an airtight manner. Is provided with a plurality of flexible cord members 11d that regulate the thickness of the airbag 11 in the direction of the tunnel axis in a deployed state to a predetermined thickness. That is, the front cloth 11a and the rear cloth 11b are connected by a plurality of string members 11d having a predetermined length.

The fabric constituting the main body of the airbag 11 is made of a synthetic resin non-woven fabric or woven fabric which is excellent in flexibility, airtightness and strength, and expands against the water pressure of the ground water ejected from the ground. This airbag 11 needs to be deployed
Has a structure that can withstand an internal pressure (air pressure) of about 2 to 3 atmospheres. For example, as the cloth constituting the airbag 11, a cloth such as cotton canvas, neoprene raw cloth, nylon raw cloth, or aramid fiber raw cloth, or a synthetic resin film material for ensuring airtightness on the inner surface of the cloth. Affixed with,
Alternatively, the inner surface of the cloth may be coated with a thin rubber film for ensuring airtightness, or the like.

The string members 11d are made of synthetic resin high-strength fiber, and each string member 11d and the front cloth 11a and the rear cloth 11 are joined together.
A reinforcing cloth is provided at the connecting portion of b. Airbag 1
Since 1 has the above-described structure, when it is filled with pressurized air and expanded, it is restricted from becoming spherical due to the restraint of the plurality of cord members 11d, and a flat circular shape having a predetermined thickness in the front-back direction (strictly To form a circular disc)
The airbag 11 is in a state of covering the front surface of the airbag 11, and the airbag 11 is in a state in which there is almost no gap between the outer peripheral fabric and the outer case 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fish tail assembly 8 includes a fish tail substrate 30 that closes the front surface of the airbag storage portion 26, and a fish tail bit 31 fixed to the fish tail substrate 30. The connecting rod 32 that connects the tail assembly 8 extends rearward through the fish tail assembly 8 and the main shaft 21, and reaches the rotary join 10. 2 and 3
As shown in FIG. 2, a threaded portion is formed at the front end portion and the rear end portion of the connecting rod 32, a nut 33 is screwed into the threaded portion at the front end portion, and the threaded portion at the rear end portion is a space of the rotary join 10. The nut 34 on the threaded portion of the rear end portion.
Are screwed together. Thus, normally, the fish tail assembly 8 includes the connecting rod 32 and the nuts 33, 34.
It is fixed to the main shaft 21 by.

The fish tail assembly 8 is constructed so that it can be switched between a use position for tunneling and a retreat position for exchanging bits, which is moved a predetermined distance forward from this use position. When the fish tail assembly 8 is in the use position during tunneling, the fish tail substrate 30 closes the opening of the airbag storage portion 26 and liquid-tightly seals it with the seal 25a to protect the airbag 11. When exchanging the bits, the rotary joint 10 is removed, the nut 34 at the rear end of the connecting rod 32 is removed, and the fish tail assembly 8 is switched to the front retracted position with a jack or the like to open the front surface of the airbag storage portion 26. The airbag 11 can be deployed.

Pressurized air supply means for supplying pressurized air to the air bag 11 when exchanging bits is a compressor, valves, pipes, air hoses, rotary provided on a rear carriage (not shown) behind the erector 13. Joint 10
The inner air passage, the air passage in the main shaft 21, and the like. In addition, a hydraulic supply source is provided on the rear carriage, and piping, a hydraulic hose, an oil passage in the rotary joint 10,
Cutter spokes 2 for extending and contracting a telescopic portion 28 at the tip of the cutter spokes 27 via an oil passage in the main shaft 21.
It is supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic cylinder in 7.

Next, as a means for supplying muddy water, a muddy water supply source for supplying highly viscous muddy water to the chamber 5 is also installed in the rear carriage, and valves, pipes, and muddy water formed in the wall of the outer body front part 2a are provided. High-viscosity muddy water can be discharged into the chamber 5 from the discharge port 35a of the cone plate 35 formed in the inner peripheral portion of the front end portion of the outer case 2 through the passage. Also,
The discharge port 35a also serves as a suction port for muddy water, and when mortar is discharged from a discharge port 36a for mortar, which will be described later, muddy water is sucked in to keep the pressure in the chamber 5 constant.

At the time of exchanging the bit, a water blocking wall forming agent supplying means for supplying a water blocking wall forming agent such as mortar is provided in front of the cutter disk 7 and the expanded airbag 7. The water blocking wall forming agent supply means includes a mortar supply unit (including a mixer, a pump, and valves) provided on the rear carriage, piping, a plurality of mortar passages formed inside the wall of the outer case 2, It is composed of a plurality of mortar discharge ports 36a opened in the cone plate 36 at the inner peripheral portion of the front end of the body 2. As the water blocking wall forming agent, other than mortar,
For example, a synthetic resin foaming agent such as urethane may be applied.

The earth discharging facility 12 discharges the mud in the chamber 5 to the outside of the tunnel by the screw conveyor 37 and the belt conveyor installed in the tunnel. The screw conveyor 37 is provided with a spiral auger which is rotationally driven by a drive motor, rotates the auger to suck up the mud in the chamber 5, opens an opening / closing gate, and discharges it to a belt conveyor extending backward in the tunnel.
The erector 13 includes an erector frame 39 rotatably supported by a support roller 38, an erector body 40, and an erector rotation drive motor 4 for rotatably driving the erector frame 39.
1, a chain 42, and a sprocket 41a.
Each time the shield machine excavates one ring, one elector
The segment for one ring is lined on the inner surface of the outer case 2 by 3.

Next, a bit exchanging method for exchanging the cutter bit during the tunnel excavation by the shield excavator 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, in the first step, as shown in FIG. 5, when a large number of cutter bits 29 and fish tail bits 31 are worn during tunnel excavation and it becomes necessary to replace the bits, the rotation of the cutter disk 7 is stopped. Stop tunneling.

At this time, the rods 6a of the plurality of shield jacks 6 installed on the inner surface side of the rear portion of the outer case 2 are stretched to the maximum extent (or about one ring of the segment 14) and the spreader 24 is covered. The state of being brought into contact with the finished segment 14 is preferable. And cutter spoke 2
The expansion / contraction part 28 of 7 is retracted into the cutter spoke 27 by a hydraulic cylinder.

Next, in the second step, in order to prevent the face from collapsing and stabilize the face, the muddy water supply means is actuated to fill the chamber 5 with high-viscosity muddy water from the discharge port 35a, and to fix the plurality of fixed faces. When the rods 6a of the plurality of shield jacks 6 are retracted while cutting and removing the piece 17 and continuing the filling of the high-viscosity muddy water, the soil water pressure in the chamber 5 is applied to the partition wall 4 as shown in FIG. As a result, the cutter disk 7, the partition wall 4, and the inner case 3 are retracted rearward into the outer case 2 by the stroke of the shield jack 6.

Next, in the third step (air bag deployment step), as shown in FIG.
, The nut 34 is removed, and the connecting rod 32 is jacked forward to advance the fish tail assembly 8 to a retracted position a predetermined distance forward from the use position. Next, the pressurized air supply means is actuated to fill the airbag 11 stored in the airbag storage portion 26 in the coring portion 25 in a folded state with pressurized air so that the airbag 11 can be attached to the cutter disk 7. Inflate and deploy to cover the front.

At this time, the front cloth and the rear cloth of the airbag 11 are connected by a plurality of cord members 11d, and the thickness in the axial direction of the tunnel is limited to a predetermined thickness. It is not expanded into a spherical shape, but is expanded into a flat circular disk shape, and is expanded so as to cover the entire front surface of the cutter disk 7. The pressure of the pressurized air supplied to the airbag 11 is set to be higher than that of the high-viscosity muddy water filled in the chamber 5. For example, if the soil water pressure near the cutter disk 7 is 2.0 kg / cm ² G, the pressure of the pressurized air is set to about ^2.5 kg / cm ² G.

Next, in the fourth step (water blocking wall forming step), as shown in FIG. 8, the water blocking wall forming agent supplying means is operated while the airbag 11 is maintained in the deployed state, and a plurality of discharge ports are formed. A water blocking wall forming agent such as mortar is filled into the front of the airbag 11 from 36a to form a water blocking wall W made of hardened mortar on the front side of the airbag 11. At this time, in order to keep the soil water pressure in front of the airbag 11 constant, the discharge port 3
It is performed while inhaling high-viscosity muddy water from 5a.

Next, in the fifth step (bag removing step), as shown in FIG. 8, after the water blocking wall forming agent is hardened to form the water blocking wall W, the chamber between the airbag 11 and the partition wall 4 is formed. The high-viscosity muddy water in the inside is discharged by the soil discharging facility 12, the airbag 11 is contracted, and the airbag 11 is appropriately divided and removed. Next, in the sixth step (bit exchange step),
As shown in FIG. 8, since a space for an operator to enter is formed on the front side of the cutter disk 7, an operator enters the bit exchange space R consisting of the space from which the airbag 11 is removed from the manhole of the partition wall 4. Then, the cutter bit 29 is replaced from the front side of the cutter disk 7.

Next, in the sixth step (airbag storage step), in the bit exchange space R, a new airbag 11 is stored in the airbag storage portion 26 of the coring portion 25 in a folded state, and the fish tail assembly is assembled. By pulling the connecting rod 32 of No. 8 with the jack, the fish tail assembly 8 is retracted to the use position (see FIG. 8), the fish tail bit 31 is replaced, and the nut 3
4 is screwed to restore the rotary joint 10 (not shown).

Next, in the seventh step, the rod 6a of the plurality of shield jacks 6 is extended and the cutter disk 7 is rotationally driven to excavate the water blocking wall W with the new cutter bit 29 and fish tail bit 31. While the cutter disk 7, the partition wall 4, and the inner case 3 are advanced with respect to the outer case 2 and are advanced to a predetermined position, the outer case 2 and the inner case 3 are integrated again by a plurality of fixing pieces 17. In the ring-shaped space in which the expansion / contraction part 28 of the cutter spoke 27 is expanded and the rod 6a of the shield jack 6 is contracted, the segment 14 for one ring is lined with the erector 13 and thereafter, as before the bit replacement, Resume tunneling.

The seed boring machine and the bit exchanging method thereof described above have the following effects. When exchanging the cutter bit 29 and the fish tail bit 31 of the shield machine 1, after deploying the airbag 11 on the front surface of the cutter disk 7, a water blocking wall forming agent such as mortar is applied to the airbag 11.
Since the water is discharged to the front surface of the water to form the water blocking wall W, the deployed airbag 11 can be removed.
By removing 1, the bit exchanging space R can be formed on the front side of the cutter disk 7, and an operator can enter the bit exchanging space R to easily and efficiently perform the bit exchanging.

Since the water blocking wall forming agent is discharged to the front side of the airbag 11 by forming the water blocking wall W in a state where the airbag 11 is deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk 7, the water blocking wall forming agent is used as the cutter disk. Since it does not adhere to 7, it is not necessary to remove the water blocking wall forming agent adhered to the cutter disk 7 and solidified. In addition, since the airbag 11 is stored in the airbag storage portion 26 in the coring portion 25 in a folded state, the length of the shield machine 1 does not increase because the airbag 11 is stored.

When the airbag 11 is expanded, the cutter disk 7 is retracted into the outer case 2 and the space before and after the cutter disk 7 is expanded with the high-viscosity mud. There is a possibility that the bag 11 will be expanded into a spherical shape, but the front cloth 1 of the airbag 11
1a and the rear cloth 11b are connected by a plurality of cord members 11d to regulate the thickness of the airbag 11 in the tunnel axis direction to a predetermined thickness, so that the airbag 11 has an excessive front-back thickness. The cutter disk 7 is expanded into a circular disk shape so as to cover the entire front surface of the cutter disk 7 without being expanded.

Since the airbag 11 has been devised in this manner, the space before and after the cutter disk 7 is filled with high-viscosity mud before the airbag 11 is deployed to promote the smooth deployment of the airbag 11. After the airbag 11 is deployed, the water blocking wall W can be formed by discharging and hardening the water blocking wall forming agent to the front side of the airbag 11. Since the water blocking wall W can be formed, the deployed airbag 11 can be removed and the bit exchange space R can be formed.

In particular, since the water blocking wall forming agent supply means has the discharge port 36a in the inner peripheral portion of the front end portion of the outer case 2, even when the front surface of the cutter disk 7 is covered with the expanded airbag 11. A water blocking wall forming agent having a water blocking function can be formed by reliably discharging the water blocking wall forming agent in front of the cutter disk 7 and the airbag 11.

Since the fish tail assembly 8 can be switched from the use position for excavating the tunnel to the retracted position for exchanging the bit, the fish tail assembly 8 protects the airbag 11 during excavation of the tunnel, and the airbag 11 is removed.
Since the airbag 11 can be deployed only by switching the position of the fish tail assembly 8 to the retracted position when the airbag is deployed, the structure can be simplified.

Since it is not necessary to provide a partition wall or a shutter for forming a bit exchanging chamber in front of the partition wall 4 inside the outer case 2, the internal structure of the shield machine 1 is not complicated and the cutter driving machine is driven. The mechanism 9 and the earth discharging facility 12 are not restricted, and can be used for a shield excavator with a small diameter.
The shield machine and the bit exchanging method of the present application can also be applied to a large-diameter shield machine.

A modification in which the above embodiment is partially modified will be described. This modified embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the structure of the air bag housing for housing the air bag and the air bag is changed. Therefore, only the different structure will be described, and the same configuration and structure will be described. Is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 14, a core ring portion 51 is provided at the center of the cutter disk 50, and four cutter spokes 52 are radially extended from the core ring portion 51, and each of the cutter spokes 52 is formed. The distal end portion is provided with a telescopic portion 53 which can be telescopically extended in the radial direction.
Is configured to be expandable and contractable by a hydraulic cylinder 54 inside the cutter spoke 52. Cutter bits 55 are provided on both edges of the front end of each cutter spoke 52 and on the front surface of the expandable portion 53.

An air bag accommodating portion 56 is formed on the front surface of the tip end side of each cutter spoke 52, and an air bag 57 is accommodated in the air bag accommodating portion 56 in a folded state. As with the airbag 11 of the above-described embodiment, pressurized air can be supplied to the airbag 57 from an air supply source inside the rear carriage. A gate member 59 that can open and close an opening 58 on the front surface of the airbag storage 56 is provided slidably in the radial direction, and a hydraulic cylinder 60 that drives the gate member 59 to open and close is also provided.
Hydraulic pressure can be supplied to and discharged from this hydraulic cylinder 60 from a hydraulic supply source of the rear carriage. During the tunnel excavation, the rod 61 of the hydraulic cylinder 60 extends and the gate member 59 closes the opening 58. When the airbag 57 is deployed, the gate member 59 is switched to the open position for opening the opening 58. A sealing member 62 for sealing the gate member 59 in the closed position is also provided.

As shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13, each of the airbags 57 is located on the front side of the cutter spoke 52.
/ 4 circle portion can be deployed so as to cover it, and when the four airbags 57 are deployed, the front surface of the cutter disk 50 is covered in a substantially liquid-tight manner by these airbags 57. Airbag 5 deployed on
Mortar is discharged onto the front surface of No. 7 to form a bit exchange chamber (see FIG. 14). Each of the airbags 57 has a front cloth 57a having a substantially quarter circle shape and a rear cloth 57b having substantially the same shape.
And the outer peripheral cloth 57c located on the outer peripheral portion are connected in a bag shape, and when the airbag 57 is in a deployed state, the thickness of the airbag 57 in the tunnel axis direction is set to a predetermined thickness. A plurality of flexible cord members 63 for regulating are provided, one end of each cord member 63 is connected to the front cloth 57a, and the other end is connected to the rear cloth 57b. The fabric forming the airbag 57 is the same as that in the above-described embodiment.

Cutter bit 55 of shield machine 1A
Since the method of replacing the cutter bit when the blade is worn is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted. In this shield machine 1A, since the four airbags 57 are stored in the airbag storage portion 56 inside the four cutter spokes 52 in a folded state, the dead spaces in the cutter spokes 52 are utilized to make use of the airbag 57. Can be stored. Further, the individual airbags 57 are downsized, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing, assembling, and deploying the airbags 57.

In addition, the shield machine 1 of the above embodiment
Although the same action and effect can be obtained, the description thereof will be omitted.
In addition, in this embodiment, the shield machine having the four cutter spokes 52 has been described as an example, but the number of the cutter spokes 52 is not limited to four and may be four or more. May be equipped with an airbag storage part and an airbag, and some of the plurality of cutter spokes may be equipped with an airbag storage part and an airbag.

The shield machine and the bit exchanging method described in the first embodiment and the modified embodiments are merely examples 1 and 2, and various modifications are made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it can be implemented in a different form.

[0064]

According to the invention (shield excavator) of claim 1, during the tunnel excavation, the airbag is stored in the airbag storage portion inside the coring portion in a folded state. It does not project to the front of the cutter disk, and the length of the shield machine does not increase. Since the water blocking wall forming agent supplying means can form the water blocking wall on the front side of the deployed airbag, the airbag can be removed, and the worker enters the space from which the airbag has been removed to exchange bits. be able to.

Since the bits can be exchanged from the space on the front side of the cutter disk, the bits can be exchanged easily and efficiently. Moreover, since the front surface of the cutter disk is covered with the airbag to form the water blocking wall,
Water blocking wall forming agent (eg mortar) on the cutter disk
Also does not adhere. In addition, since the deployed airbag forms a water blocking wall on the front side of the airbag after the water is stopped, a complicated mechanism such as a shutter mechanism is not required inside the shield machine, and the structure of the shield machine becomes complicated. There is no such thing. In particular, the water blocking wall forming agent supply means has a discharge port at the inner peripheral portion of the front end portion of the outer body, so that even when the front surface of the cutter disk is covered with the expanded airbag, the water blocking wall forming agent is provided in front of the cutter disk and the airbag. The water blocking wall forming agent can be reliably discharged to form the water blocking wall.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the fish tail assembly can be switched from the use position for excavating the tunnel to the retracted position for exchanging the bit, so that the fish tail assembly can hold the airbag during excavation in the tunnel. The structure can be simplified because the airbag can be protected by simply switching the position of the fish tail assembly to the retracted position when the airbag is deployed.

According to the invention of claim 3, substantially the same as in claim 1, since a plurality of airbags are stored in the airbag storage portion inside the cutter spokes in a folded state during tunneling, the inside of the cutter spokes is stored. The airbag can be stored by utilizing the dead space of the cutter, and the front surface of the cutter disk is covered with multiple deployed airbags, so a relatively small airbag can be reliably deployed and the deployed airbag can stop water. In this state, the water blocking wall forming agent can be injected into the front side of the cutter disk to form the water blocking wall. Further, since the airbag storage portion does not project to the front surface of the cutter disk, the length of the shield machine does not become long. Since the water blocking wall forming agent supplied from the water blocking wall forming agent supply means can form the water blocking wall on the front side of the deployed airbag, the airbag can be removed. By removing the airbag, a working space is formed on the front side of the cutter disk, and the bits can be efficiently exchanged from the front side of the cutter disk.

According to the invention of claim 4, when the telescopic spokes are retracted, the cutter disk can be retracted into the outer cylinder together with the inner cylinder and the partition wall, and in this state, the cutter disk is stopped at the front side of the cutter disk. A water wall can be formed.
According to the invention of claim 5, a plurality of flexible cord members for limiting the thickness in the axial direction of the tunnel in the deployed state to a predetermined thickness are provided inside the airbag. When deployed, due to the restraint of a plurality of flexible cord members, it does not deploy spherically, but deploys flat so that the thickness in the tunnel axis direction becomes a predetermined thickness. The water can be surely stopped. According to the invention of claim 6 (bit exchanging method), substantially the same effect as that of claim 1 can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view around the core ring portion of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a main part of a rotary joint, in which a part of the rotary joint is longitudinally illustrated.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a discharge port for discharging a water blocking wall forming agent and its vicinity.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a shield machine (preparing to replace a bit).

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a shield machine (a state in which high-viscosity muddy water is filled after the cutter disk is retracted).

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shield machine (airbag deployed state).

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a shield machine (in a state where an air bag is removed after forming a water blocking wall).

FIG. 9 is a front view of a cutter disk of the shield machine according to the modified embodiment.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9 in an airbag deployed state.

FIG. 12 is a front view of the airbag in an airbag deployed state.

FIG. 13 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 in a modified form.

FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 in a modified form.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1A shield machine 2 outer body 3 inner trunk 4 partitions 5 chambers 7,50 cutter disk 8 fish tail assembly 11,57 airbags 25 Coring part 26,56 Airbag storage 27, 52 cutter spokes 28, 53 Telescopic part 29, 55 Cutter Bit 30 fish tail substrate 36a Mortar discharge port R bit exchange room W water stop wall

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masahiko Taketomi             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory F-term (reference) 2D054 AC02 BB07

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An outer case, an inner case fitted to the outer case so as to be movable in a tunnel axial direction, a partition wall fixed to a front end portion of the inner body and partitioning a rear end of the chamber, and a partition wall rotating on the partition wall. In a shield machine having a cutter disk supported so as to be possible, a core ring portion provided in a central portion of the cutter disk, an airbag storage portion formed inside the core ring portion, and an airbag An airbag that is stored in the storage part in a folded state and that can be deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk; an air supply means that can supply pressurized air to the airbag; A water blocking wall forming agent supply means for discharging a water blocking wall forming agent made of mortar or a synthetic resin foaming agent, the water blocking wall forming agent supplying means having a discharge port at the inner peripheral portion of the outer body front end portion, A shield machine equipped with. 2. A fish tail assembly provided with a fish tail board for closing the front surface of the airbag storage portion and a fish tail bit fixed to the fish tail board, the fish tail assembly being used for tunnel excavation. 2. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the shield excavator is configured so that the position can be switched between the use position and the retracted position for bit exchange that is moved forward by a predetermined distance from the use position. 3. An outer case, an inner case fitted to the outer case so as to be movable in a tunnel axis direction, a partition wall fixed to a front end portion of the inner body and partitioning a rear end of the chamber, and rotating to the partition wall. In a shield machine having a cutter disk supported so as to be possible, a plurality of airbag storage parts formed respectively in a plurality of cutter spokes of the cutter disk, and a folded state are stored in these airbag storage parts. A plurality of airbags that can be deployed on the front surface of the cutter disk, an air supply means that can supply pressurized air to the plurality of airbags, and a mortar or a synthetic resin in front of the airbag when the airbag is deployed. A water blocking wall forming agent supply means for discharging a water blocking wall forming agent made of a foaming agent, the water blocking wall forming agent supplying means having a discharge port at the inner peripheral portion of the outer body front end portion; The shield machine and said that there were pictures. 4. An expandable telescopic spoke portion is provided at each of the tip end portions of a plurality of cutter spokes of the cutter disk, and the cutter disk is placed on the outer shell together with the inner barrel and the partition wall in a state where these telescopic spoke portions are retracted. The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shield machine is configured to be retractable by a predetermined distance. 5. The airbag, when filled with pressurized air, expands into a circular disk shape having a predetermined thickness in the tunnel axis direction, and the inside of the airbag is in the expanded state. The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of flexible cord members for restricting the thickness of the tunnel axial direction to a predetermined thickness. 6. An outer case, an inner case fitted to the outer case so as to be movable in a tunnel axis direction, a partition wall fixed to a front end portion of the inner body and partitioning a rear end of the chamber, and the partition wall being rotated by the partition wall. In a bit exchanging method when excavating a tunnel using a shield machine having a cutter disk supported so as to be possible, inside the coring portion of the cutter disk, an airbag deployable on the front surface of the cutter disk is provided. In a folded state, it is stored in advance, and at the time of exchanging the bit of the cutter disc, a bag deploying step of filling the airbag with pressurized air to deploy it on the front face of the cutter disc, and a front face of the deployed airbag. A water blocking wall forming step of forming a water blocking wall by filling a water blocking wall forming agent made of mortar or a synthetic resin foaming agent on the side, and removing the expanded airbag to remove the cap. -A shield removing machine characterized by including a bag removing step for forming a space for disc bit exchange, and a bit exchanging step for exchanging a cutter bit and a fish tail bit in the bit exchanging space. Bit exchange method.