JP2003291107A - Sleeve for mounting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sleeve for mounting a tool which does not lower a critical number of revolution, even when a saw is of a thin type and realizes the assembly of a lubrication or cooling medium supply mechanism in itself. <P>SOLUTION: In the sleeve 10 for mounting a cutting tool 12 on a main rotary shaft 14 of a cutting machine, the outer peripheral part of the sleeve 10 is radially expanded in a non-circular shape, by providing a plurality of closed chambers 34 extending in the axial direction of the sleeve 10 at a required interval of a center angle on the thick wall of the sleeve 10 in the circumferential direction, and injecting a required fluid into each of the closed chambers 34 under pressure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool mounting sleeve used for mounting a cutting tool such as a circular saw on a cutting machine, and more particularly to the center of a cutting tool mounted on a rotary spindle. The present invention relates to a tool mounting sleeve for applying a pressing force in a radial direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a circular saw in which a large number of saw teeth are planted on the outer periphery of a disk-shaped base metal and a center hole is provided at the center of the base metal is
Used by being attached to the rotating spindle of various cutting equipment. That is, the circular saw is generally attached to the rotary spindle by strongly clamping the base metal of the circular saw from both sides by a pair of flanges provided on the spindle. However, the circular saw base metal does not expand in the radial direction due to frictional heat when cutting wood or non-ferrous metal, etc., and a large centrifugal force acting on the outer peripheral portion of the circular saw due to high-speed rotation, although it is a slight order in the radial direction. Tends to expand. However, since the circular saw is sandwiched between the rotary main shafts by the flanges, the expansion in the radial direction of the base metal is actually restrained by the flanges. Note that the effect of firmly clamping the circular saw by the flange extends not only to the donut-shaped part where the flange is in contact with the base metal, but also to the outer peripheral side beyond the contact part, and therefore the outer peripheral side. Expansion at is also constrained.

[0003]

In the field of gang ripping, in which a plurality of circular saws are attached to a single rotary spindle at required intervals, and a plate material or the like is divided into small pieces by the plurality of circular saws, a cutting width after passing through the circular saws. It is strongly desired that the yield be improved by making the amount as small as possible, and at the same time, the discharge amount of sawdust is reduced and the resources are effectively used. It is also desired to reduce the electric power of the motor that drives the circular saw cutting device and to reduce the noise during the cutting process, but these can be achieved by reducing the thickness of the circular saw.

However, when the thin saw is promoted, the rigidity of the base metal relatively starts to significantly decrease, and therefore the wall of the critical rotation speed, which will be described later, is hit, and the rotation speed of the circular saw is limited to a low rotation speed. There are difficulties. Further, as the thickness of the base metal is reduced, friction during cutting increases the temperature of the outer periphery of the base metal to decrease the critical rotation speed, and the base metal is likely to buckle. For this reason, it is generally difficult to further reduce the thickness of the current circular saw, which is technically reaching the limit. As described above, when the circular saw rotates at a high speed, the outer peripheral portion of the base metal tends to extend in the circumferential direction due to centrifugal force, but since the inner peripheral region of the base metal is strongly sandwiched by the flange, Radial scaling is constrained. However, as the number of revolutions of the circular saw increases, the expansion of the outer periphery of the circular saw also increases,
At a certain number of rotations, the lateral rigidity of the base metal is minimized at a certain vibration mode unique to the base metal, which causes a so-called buckling phenomenon. The rotation speed at this limit value is the "critical rotation speed", and when it reaches a rotation speed higher than this, the base metal meanders (buckles) left and right during cutting, causing problems such as defective cutting surface and damage to the circular saw. Occurs.

Further, even when a circular saw is used at a critical rotational speed or less, frictional heat generated during cutting and an increase in frictional heat due to sawdust accumulated between the cutting surface of the material to be cut and the base metal, etc. Often, the temperature rise at the outer periphery of the circular saw body is significantly greater than at the inner periphery. When the temperature of the outer peripheral portion of the main body rises in this way, the outer peripheral portion expands in the circumferential direction with respect to the inner peripheral portion of the main body, which lowers the critical rotational speed of the circular saw, and finally the seat of the meander or the like. Leads to a buckling phenomenon.

As described above, the circular saw has a critical rotation speed that depends on various factors such as the diameter and thickness of the base metal, the Young's modulus of the constituent material, and the flange diameter. Actually, it is used at a rotation speed of 85% or less. Therefore, in order to increase the critical speed, it is possible to change each of the above elements, but in reality, the material of the circular saw is tool steel with a high Young's modulus, and the diameter and flange diameter of the circular saw are Since the optimum material is selected according to the thickness of the material to be cut, it can be said that these factors are actually constant. The reduction in the yield and the amount of sawdust when cutting the material to be cut depends on the thickness of the saw teeth attached to the outer peripheral region of the circular saw, and therefore the thickness of the base metal must be reduced in order to reduce the thickness of the saw teeth. I don't get it. However, if the thickness of the circular saw is reduced, as described above, the critical rotational speed of the circular saw is proportionally decreased, and the problem that the buckling phenomenon is likely to occur is highlighted.

Therefore, it has been proposed to mount the circular saw on the rotating main shaft via a sleeve, instead of sandwiching the circular saw only by the flange. That is, when mounting a circular saw on a rotary spindle such as a circular saw machine, the circular saw is mounted on a sleeve externally attached to the rotary spindle and then clamped by a flange. The sandwiching by the flange does not necessarily need to be strong. In this case, the sleeve has a structure capable of injecting a fluid such as grease into the inside of the sleeve under pressure, and the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve expands circularly in the radial direction by the press-fitting of the fluid. It is a mechanism to press in the radial direction. As a result, even if the thickness of the circular saw is reduced (thinned), the critical rotation speed is not lowered, which is an advantage.

However, the above-mentioned sleeve structure has an annular pressure chamber extending in the circumferential direction in the thick portion thereof, and by pressurizing the fluid into the pressure chamber, the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve as a whole. It expands uniformly in a circle. Therefore, even if an attempt is made to install a mechanism for supplying a medium for lubricating or cooling a circular saw from the main shaft side to the thick portion of the sleeve, it cannot be installed due to the existence of the annular pressure chamber. Pointed out.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned other drawbacks inherent in the sleeve, and is proposed in order to solve the above disadvantages. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool mounting sleeve according to a novel configuration which does not have the above and can incorporate a mechanism for supplying a lubricating or cooling medium together.

[0010]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the intended purpose, a tool mounting sleeve according to the present invention is a sleeve for mounting a cutting tool on a rotary spindle of a cutting machine. By providing a plurality of closed chambers extending in the axial direction of the sleeve in the circumferential direction in the thick portion of the sleeve with a required center angle interval, by injecting a required fluid under pressure into each of the closed chambers. The outer peripheral portion of the sleeve is configured to expand in a non-circular shape in the radial direction.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a tool mounting sleeve according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a circular saw 12, which is a rotary cutting tool, mounted coaxially at a required interval on a rotary spindle 14 via a tool mounting sleeve 10 according to an embodiment. Here, the rotary spindle 14 is provided on a circular saw machine (not shown) for cutting wood, and a plurality of circular saws 12 are arranged for gang ripping. That is, the rotary spindle 14 is integrally formed with a flange 14a at a position recessed from the open end side by a required distance in the axial direction, and the sleeve 10 (described later) having the configuration shown in FIG. Is externally inserted in the direction to abut the flange 10a with the flange 14a. As shown in FIG. 1, the two flanges 10a and 14a are positioned and fixed via an engagement pin 16.

(Sleeve) On the sleeve 10, spacers 18 and circular saws 12 made of a donut-shaped plate are alternately arranged in the axial direction. Then, after the required number of spacers 18 and circular saws 12 have been coaxially mounted, a bag-like cap 20 is provided on the open end side of the sleeve 10 (this functions as the other flange that pairs with the flange 10a).
And a hexagon nut 22 is attached to the bolt portion 14b of the rotary spindle 14 extending from the center through hole of the cap 20.
The series of circular saws 12 are mounted on the rotary spindle 14 at predetermined positions via the sleeve 10 by screwing.

In the present embodiment, a fluid such as grease is pressure-sealed in the internal structure incorporated in the sleeve 10 to expand the outer circumference of the sleeve 10 in a non-circular shape in the radial direction. The circular saws 12 are applied with radial non-uniform tension. That is, the sleeve 10 has an outer shape as shown in a partially cutaway perspective view of FIG. 2 and a side view of FIG. 3, but the sleeve 10 has a sleeve body 2 shown in a side cross section in FIG.
4 and a shell 26, which is partially shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, and which is coaxially externally inserted into the sleeve body 24 and has a thin-plate tubular shape. As shown in FIG. 7, the shell 26 is closely fitted to the sleeve body 24,
One end of the shell 26 is abutted against the inner surface of the flange 10a. The other end of the shell 26 substantially coincides with the open end of the sleeve main body 24, and after both are positioned and inserted as required, they are closely fixed by means of brazing or the like.

(Sleeve Body) In FIGS. 3 and 6, the sleeve body 24 is formed as a hollow cylindrical body made of a required iron-based metal, and the inner diameter of the hollow portion 28 is the outer diameter of the rotary spindle 14. It is slightly larger. On the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve body 24, there are formed recesses 30 having an arcuate shape in the circumferential direction at a required center angle interval in the circumferential direction and a required length in the axial direction. That is, in the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 which is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 which is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.
And form an arc with an equal center angle interval of 120 ° in the circumferential direction.
It is formed as one shallow groove. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 7, the recess 30 extends in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve body 24 from slightly inside the flange 10 a to slightly inside the open end of the sleeve body 24. There is. In other words, each of the three recesses 30 has an arcuate shape in the circumferential direction on the outer circumference of the sleeve body 24 and is recessed over the rectangular area in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve body 24. Recess 3 in this case
The depth of 0 is set to a very small size, as can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the three recesses 30 are formed in a circular arc shape in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve main body 24 and in the vicinity of the flange 10a. The communication groove 32 allows them to communicate with each other. That is, as will be described later, the shell 26 is closely fitted to the sleeve main body 24, and the contact portion of the shell 26 with respect to the sleeve main body 24 is joined by brazing or the like, so that each recess 30 is formed in the shell. The closed chamber 34 is surrounded by the inner surface 26. In the embodiment, the three chambers 34 are all communicated with each other only through the communication groove 32.

(Regarding Shell) Next, the shell 26 is
As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 which is a cross section taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 which is a cross section taken along line 9-9 of FIG. Is a required ferrous metal. Here, the outer diameter of the shell 26 allows the contact of the circular saw 12 and the spacer 18 to be substantially adhered to each other, and the inner diameter of the shell 26 has an accuracy to allow the contact of the rotary spindle 14 to be substantially adhered. It is finished. The wall thickness of the shell 26 is, as will be described later, when the fluid such as grease is enclosed under pressure in the chamber 34 defined inside by externally inserting the shell 26 into the sleeve body 24. The pressure applied to the fluid sets it to a size that allows it to bulge radially outward in a non-circular shape (see the arrow in FIG. 8).

(Nipple) In FIG. 1, a bottomed stepped hole 36 is formed in the outer periphery of the flange 10a of the sleeve 10 at a required depth in the radial direction. A nipple 38 with a valve that allows only the inflow to is screwed. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 1, the flange 10a has a bottomed hole 4 of a required length in the axial direction.
0 is bored, and this bottomed hole 40 communicates with the stepped hole 36 in the middle thereof. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a through hole 42 is formed in a predetermined portion of the recess 30 in the vicinity of the flange 10a.
As shown in FIG.
The opening of the bottomed hole 40 on the end face of the flange 10a is closed by a ball valve 44 as shown in FIG. 1, and the ball valve 44 is pressed and fixed by screwing a small-diameter bolt 46. The stepped hole 36, the bottomed hole 40, and the through hole 42 are provided corresponding to each of the recesses 30. Therefore, in the embodiment, three stepped holes 36 are formed, but one stepped hole 3 among them is formed.
The valve-equipped nipple 38 is screwed only in 6, and the relief valve (not shown) is screwed in the other two stepped holes 36.

(Regarding Lubrication or Cooling Mechanism) Since the tool mounting sleeve 10 according to the embodiment is provided with a medium supply mechanism for lubricating or cooling the circular saw 12,
This will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary main shaft 14 is provided with a central bottomed hole 52 in the central axis direction thereof, which allows the supply of a medium containing a mist such as oil for lubricating or cooling the circular saw 12, The central bottomed hole 52 communicates with a medium pressure source (not shown). Further, the rotary main shaft 14 is provided with a radial communication hole 54, one end of which communicates with the bottomed hole 52 and the other end of which opens to the outer periphery of the main shaft 14. The communication holes 54 are formed in the radial direction centering on the central bottomed hole 52, for example, four (cross-shaped), and two sets are provided in the longitudinal direction along the bottomed hole 52. The number and the number of groups are not limited.

In the cylindrical hollow portion 28 of the sleeve body 24, as shown in the cross section of FIG. 6, the inner peripheral surface is chamfered over a region of a required length in the axial direction, and a stepped thin wall is formed. The portion 56 is formed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the sleeve main body 24 is externally attached to the rotary spindle 14,
Each of the communication holes 54 includes the thin portion 56 and the rotary spindle 14.
Will communicate with an annular space defined between the outer peripheral surface of the and. As shown in FIGS. 1, 6 and 5, first through holes 58 are formed in the thin portion 56 of the sleeve body 24 in the radial direction at a central angle of 120 °. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, a plurality of the first through holes 58 are provided in the axial direction so as to be aligned at required intervals.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 8 and 10,
Second through holes 60 are also formed in the shell 26 in the radial direction at a central angle of 120 °. A plurality of the second through holes 60 are also provided in the axial direction so as to be aligned with each other in the same size as the first through holes 58. And the first through hole 58 and the second
The through hole 60 is formed on the sleeve body 24 by the shell 2 as described later.
When the 6 is extrapolated, the positions of both through holes 58 and 60 are set so as to communicate with each other as shown in FIG. Therefore, when a medium containing a mist such as oil and having a lubricating or cooling function is pressure-supplied to the bottomed hole 52 of the rotary main shaft 14 shown in FIG. 1, the medium is radially extended to the communication hole 54 and the thin wall. It reaches the first communicating hole 58 via the portion 56, and further flows out to the outer peripheral surface of (the shell 26 of) the sleeve 10 via the second communicating hole 60 communicating with the first communicating hole 58.

The mist-like medium for lubrication or cooling that has flowed out to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 10 in this manner passes through the path of the arrow shown in FIG. 11 (enlarged view of the portion surrounded by the broken line A in FIG. 1) and is circular saw. It is supplied to 12 base metal parts. An L-shaped introduction groove 62 is formed in one end surface of the spacer 18 made of the donut-shaped plate material shown in FIG. Therefore, the mist-like medium flowing out to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 10 through the second communication hole 60 reaches the base metal portion of the circular saw 12 through the L-shaped introduction groove 62, and the circular saw 12 rotates. It is diffused in the radial direction by centrifugal force, and the work material and circular saw 1 are efficiently
It is possible to achieve a lubrication effect between the two or the effect of cooling against frictional heat. Instead of forming the L-shaped introduction groove 62 on the end face of the spacer 18 as described above, an introduction groove or slit is provided on the circular saw 12 side, or the second groove is formed on the shell 26 side. You may make it provide the introduction groove which overlaps with the alignment direction of the through-hole 60.

(Operation of Embodiment) Next, the operation of the tool mounting sleeve having such a configuration will be described. The description of the operation of the above-mentioned lubrication or cooling medium supply mechanism will be omitted. The sleeve body 24 described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 6.
Then, the sleeve 10 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained by extrapolating the shell 26 described in FIG. 2 coaxially. As described above, the inner diameter of the shell 26 is the sleeve body 24.
Since the outer diameter of the shell 26 is set to be substantially the same,
8 and FIG.
As shown in FIG.
Each chamber 34 is surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the chamber. Since the shell 26 is joined to the sleeve body 24 by a method such as brazing, the chambers 34 are in a completely liquid (air) sealed state. The three chambers 34 provided in the present embodiment communicate with each other inside the sleeve via the communication groove 32, as described above.
Further, any one of the chambers 34 communicates with the stepped hole 36 for attaching the nipple through the bottomed hole 40 and the through hole 42, as described with reference to FIG.

Under this condition, a grease gun (not shown) is connected to the nipple 38 to apply grease to the sleeve 10.
It is pressure-supplied to the chamber 34. At this time, 2
By opening each of the two relief valves, the air in the chamber escapes to the outside through the relief valve when the grease is pressed. That is, the grease is supplied from the nipple 38 to the corresponding chamber 34 via the bottomed hole 40 and the through hole 42, and is also supplied to the two adjacent chambers 34 via the communication groove 32. When the grease filled in all the chambers 34 starts to escape from the relief valves and it is confirmed that no bubbles remain in the grease filled in each chamber 34, the relief valves are closed. And nipple 38
Stop supplying grease from.

With each chamber 34 thus filled with grease, the tool mounting sleeve 10 is handed to the user. After the required number of the spacers 18 and the circular saws 12 are externally fitted to the tool mounting sleeve 10 according to the embodiment, the user connects a grease gun to the nipple 38 and supplies grease under pressure. At this time, the relief valve is closed, and each chamber 34 is already filled with grease. Therefore, the shell 26 surrounding each chamber 34 with the grease press-fitted.
8, the portions corresponding to the three chambers 34 are slightly expanded in the radial direction, as shown by the arrows in FIG.
0 is deformed so as to project into a non-circular shape in a cross section intersecting the axial direction. That is, the circular saws 12 fitted on the sleeve 10 are fixed to the sleeves 10 by applying non-uniform tension in the radial direction at the base metal portion.

Then, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, the sleeve 10 is fitted onto the main spindle 14 by the bag cap 20 and the nut 22 after being externally fitted to the rotary main spindle 14. By mounting the circular saw 12 via the sleeve 10 having the configuration according to the embodiment as described above,
As described above, even if the base metal thickness of the circular saw is reduced, the critical rotation speed is not reduced. Moreover, in the embodiment, since the three chambers 34 are provided in the thick portion of the sleeve 10 at the required center angle intervals, the above-mentioned lubrication or cooling medium supply mechanism is provided in each chamber 34 in the thick portion of the sleeve 10. There is an advantage that it can be arranged between the two. As the cutting machine, a gang ripping circular saw machine using a plurality of circular saws is shown in the embodiment, but a circular saw machine using only one circular saw may be used. In this case, the spacer is unnecessary, and the sleeve whose length is correspondingly adjusted is used.

[0026]

As described above, according to the tool mounting sleeve according to the present invention, for example, when a circular saw is mounted on a rotary spindle through the sleeve, the predetermined central angle position of the shaft hole of the circular saw is set. By applying pressure from the center side in the radial direction, non-uniform tension can be applied in the circumferential direction of the circular saw, and the centering function can be suitably performed. Further, the tension applied to the circular saw can be adjusted by adjusting the press-fitting degree of the pressure fluid supplied to the sleeve. That is, the natural frequencies of the circular saw in the specific mode can be separated, and buckling can be made difficult. Furthermore, since the center hole of the base metal of the circular saw is deformed into a non-circular shape, a rotation preventing effect is also obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a rotary cutting tool is coaxially mounted on a rotary spindle via a tool mounting sleeve according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a tool mounting sleeve according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the tool mounting sleeve according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a sleeve body.

FIG. 7 is a partial cutaway sectional view of a tool mounting sleeve including a sleeve body and a tubular shell according to an embodiment.

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG.

9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG.

10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.

11 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line A in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Tool mounting sleeve 10a flange 12 circular saw 14 rotating spindle 14a flange 14b bolt part 16 engagement pin 18 zaza 20 bag caps 22 Hexagon nut 24 Sleeve body 26 shell 28 Hollow part (of sleeve body) 30 recess 32 communication groove 34 chamber 36 stepped holes 38 nipples 40 bottomed hole 42 through holes 44 ball valve 46 small diameter bolt 52 Centered bottomed hole 54 communication holes 56 Thin part 58 First through hole 60 Second through hole 62 introduction groove

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Satoru Nishio             1-1, Nakakochi, Oguchi-cho, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture             Kanbo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Owaki             1-1, Nakakochi, Oguchi-cho, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture             Kanbo Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cutting tool (1) is attached to a rotary spindle (14) of a cutting machine.
In the sleeve (10) for mounting the (2), a closed chamber (3) extending in the axial direction of the sleeve (10) is provided.
4) is provided in the thick portion of the sleeve (10) in the circumferential direction at a required center angle interval in the circumferential direction, and by injecting a required fluid into each of the closed chambers (34) under pressure, the sleeve A tool mounting sleeve, wherein the outer peripheral portion of (10) is configured to expand in a non-circular shape in the radial direction. 2. A radial communication hole (58, 60) at a portion that extends axially between the closed chambers (34) that are circumferentially adjacent to each other in the thick portion of the sleeve (10). 2. The tool mounting sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the medium is supplied from the inside to the outside of the sleeve (10) through the communication holes (58, 60).