JP2003285067A - Full automatic and energy saving deionization system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a full automatic and energy saving deionization system for performing deionization and recovery of useful resources with high efficiency using inexpensive materials and easy assemble. <P>SOLUTION: The system has five subsystems, and removes ion contaminant in various kinds of liquids with small energy consumption. Based on a charge and discharge principle of a capacitor, ions are attracted by applying a DC low voltage to an electrode, and the electrode is regenerated by discharging electricity. As a result, 30% or more treatment energy can be recovered and stored. The deionization and regeneration are simultaneously processed by different electrode modules for one minute, and the two treatment processes are instantly changed by the electrode modules for the next one minute. The prompt repeating processes are performed in synchronization and collaboration with the five subsystems such as the electrode, the electrode modules, energy management, liquid transmission and automatic control. The shortest treatment time and the energy recovery is performed at a low cost, as a result, water- saving, reduction of contaminant, resource recovery, desalination of seawater and metal extract from seawater can be realized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a deionization system for automatically and continuously removing charged species from a liquid by utilizing energy management and other automatic control systems, and more particularly to a large number of flow-through capacitors (flow condensers). through capac
capacitive deionization at itor = FTC)
onization = CDI) while removing ions,
The present invention relates to a fully automatic and energy-saving deionization device that uses a supercapacitor, an ultracapacitor, or a double-layer capacitor as a storage means when recovering electric energy during FTC regeneration.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Contaminated liquids and water contain numerous organic, inorganic or biological contaminants. There are various methods or techniques for removing wastewater filth, but none are universal. In every contaminant,
The charged species or ions are decomposed or hydrolyzed in the liquid to become ions. In any case, all of these contaminants are total dissolved solids =
Called TDS), it must meet the criteria for use or disposal, and a more complicated treatment method than filtration must be adopted. Whichever method is used, it must meet the following requirements: 1) low cost, 2) high efficiency, 3) no secondary pollution, 4) durability, 5) energy saving,
Only then can it be said that it is a liquid purification technology with competitiveness.

Ion exchange or reverse osmosi
s = RO) are two techniques commonly used to reduce TDS. The ion exchange resin must be washed with a chemical such as a strong acid or a strong alkali or high-quality pure water before it is used, and since the resin degenerates easily, the ion exchange resin must be regenerated several times. I can only do it. Therefore, in terms of consumption of chemicals and pure water, the ion exchange method wastes resources, and both pretreatment and regeneration cause secondary pollution. Unlike natural migration in which solvent penetrates, RO
In the operation, the pure solvent (for example, pure water) moves in the reverse direction, that is, moves from the high concentration side to the low concentration side through the pores of the RO thin film, but in any solution, there is an osmotic pressure, and the pressure is the concentration. It will increase in proportion to.
Only when pressure is applied to the RO thin film to overcome the osmotic pressure of the solution, RO can extract the pure solvent from the solution. Therefore, RO requires a large amount of processing energy of pressurization, and the problem is that most of the liquid is not recovered, the solvent is taken away, and the contaminant remains in the solution. That is, the degree of pollution will increase. Since the RO thin film has a small pore size of 0.5 μm,
The fouling tends to be clogged and the RO membrane requires maintenance, which is an expensive pretreatment of the equipment. Regeneration of the RO thin film also wastes chemicals and pure solvents (eg pure water) and is associated with secondary contamination.

Because of the relationship between TDS and charged species, electrochemical techniques, especially capacitive deionization (capa)
Citive deionization = CDI) is more suitable for ion exchange and reduction of ionic contaminants than RO. C
DI is a capacitor structure, more specifically, a through-flow type capacitor (flow through capacitor = FTC) is used to apply a low DC (direct current) voltage to electrodes to generate an electrostatic field. It sorbs ions in the passing solution. Controlling the removal of ions or the purification of liquids by electricity involves many tunable parameters, so that there are various uses for CDI. There are many US patents related to CDI and FTC, and typically, there are US patents of Patent Documents 1 to 9, for example, and these US patents are used as reference materials for the present invention.

[0005]

[Patent Document 1] US Pat. No. 3,515,664

[Patent Document 2] US Pat. No. 3,658,674

[Patent Document 3] US Pat. No. 5,514,269

[Patent Document 4] US Pat. No. 5,766,442

[Patent Document 5] US Pat. No. 6,022,436

[Patent Document 6] US Pat. No. 6,325,907

[Patent Document 7] US Pat. No. 6,346,187

[Patent Document 8] US Pat. No. 6,410,428

[Patent Document 9] US Pat. No. 6,413,409

[0006]

These U.S. patents disclose various methods of making electrodes and electrode modules, and various fluid flow systems, all of which are commercial methods for treating large volumes of liquids. It lacks a method of implementation. The most common drawback of them is that they forget the basic principles of capacitors: fast charging and fast discharging. In fact, the ion sorption of the CDI electrode module is the charging process of the capacitor,
The desorption of ions from the electrode module is the discharge stroke of the capacitor. Charge and discharge of the capacitor is generally
Ion sorption and ion desorption by the CDI technique should also be rapid, not needlessly delayed, as it can be completed within a few seconds and can be repeated an infinite number of times. A particular advantage is that the electrical energy invested to charge the capacitor can be obtained as energy during discharge. Therefore,
When regenerating the CDI electrode, electric energy can be recovered and used as a by-product. Unlike ion exchange and RO, CDI electrode regeneration does not consume chemicals and pure solvents, nor does it produce secondary contamination. CDI technology is a low cost and high energy production method that can be used for environmental protection, uses low processing energy for deionization, recovers electrical energy during regeneration, and completes both steps quickly can do. The present invention also provides a fully automatic CDI implementation method to desalinate seawater, recover wastewater to produce commercial pure water, reduce wastewater, or generate added value. Can be implemented.

[0007]

Ion sorption and electrode regeneration of CDI electrode modules are two fundamental physical changes in nature. Surface sorption occurs due to electrostatic attraction, and electrode regeneration is due to the disappearance of static electricity.
These two CDI processes are reversible reactions that occur rapidly by the induction of the external environment, like the charging and discharging of capacitors. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic system for producing pure water, a pure solvent, and a useful substance with high energy efficiency by utilizing the above-mentioned physical changes. In accordance with the direction of the present invention, an inexpensive material is used as an ionic active sorbent. First, the material selected must be sorbent, electrically conductive, and inert in the harsh environment of strong acids, strong alkalis, strong oxidants, and organic solvents. Of the materials that can be used, activated carbon is CD
It is an ideal group for I applications. Except when special carbon materials are synthesized to add value, inexpensive ordinary activated carbon can be sufficiently used for CDI. Ordinary activated carbon can be fixed on a metal substrate to form a CDI electrode by the conventional techniques of roller coating and addition of an adhesive. A second object of the invention is to create a CDI electrode module by simple and effective assembly.
Like all FTCs, all electrode modules must allow liquids to pass freely. In order to obtain a high sorption rate, the liquid to be treated must pass through the electric field in the module. In other words, the fluid must pass between the electrodes, no liquid can flow out without passing through an electric field, and the FTC container can also have blind spots, leaving the liquid untreated. It shouldn't be. A common and simple assembly of capacitors is spiral wrapping and parallel deposition, both of which can be used in the manufacture of FTCs and can fit exactly into the shape and container required for liquid handling systems. By further disposing the airtight package and the fluid guide in the processing unit including the FTC and its container, the required liquid flow system can be established.

After the completion of the CDI processing unit, it is necessary to control deionization and regeneration, or charging and discharging when the electrode module purifies the liquid by the energy management means. Therefore, a third object of the present invention is to provide an energy management subsystem,
It includes a DC power supply, energy storage means, and a microcontroller that can set the length of deionization or regeneration processing time required. During deionization, current is sent from the power supply to the electrode, and during regeneration, surplus energy of the electrode is sent to the energy storage means. Deionization and regeneration should be controlled to occur at the appropriate time,
There should be no unnecessary delay. Also,
The DC voltage should also only generate an ionic electrostatic attraction, not an electrochemical reaction.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an automated subsystem including a microprocessor and having an online sensor as well as a magnetic fluid valve.
When the sensor's effluent of a processing unit exceeds a preset impurity level, i.e. when the unit requires regeneration, the sensor signals the microprocessor to change the flow path of the solenoid valve. At the same time when the liquid to be introduced is changed from the liquid to be treated to the liquid for regeneration, the electrode module is synchronized and automatically changed from deionization to regeneration or charging to discharging. All on-line measurements, liquid flow path changes, and energy conversions can all be programmed with the required sequence of occurrences and the number of circulations required, without the need for human intervention to operate.

A fifth object of the present invention is to use fully automatic CDI equipment as a pretreatment for expensive and fragile liquid treatment equipment, such as ion exchange and RO equipment. CD
Since I can directly purify a high-concentration liquid such as seawater and reduce the TDS of the liquid to a proper range for ion exchange and RO, the durable life of the ion exchange and RO equipment can be extended. Due to the characteristics that the materials used are inexpensive, have low operating energy, and have no pollution, the fully automatic CDI system of the present invention can bring about a multi-item cost reduction effect against contamination of various liquids. .

A sixth object of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic CDI facility for recovering and reusing useful resources. When regenerating the CDI electrode module, the desorbed ions can be transported by the cleaning liquid, that is, the ion contaminants removed from the liquid by deionization can be transported to a predetermined storage tank, and then the useful resources can be concentrated and recovered. Not only can sludge generated by the purification process be easily treated,
It also has the effect of reducing the amount of waste liquid.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Capacitors are deeply embedded in human life, from the integrated circuits that create the digital age to the earth on which humans live. The Earth is, in effect, a giant spherical condenser.
In nature, heavy ice crystals and ice crystals rub against each other to generate electric charges and are accumulated in clouds. The accumulated charge can be charged and discharged in less than 1 second. Charging and discharging is completed in less than 1 second even with a human-made capacitor.
There are two types of capacitors: electrostatic capacitors and electrochemical capacitors. The electrochemical capacitor contains a solvent and an electrolyte solution containing soluble or decomposable salts and has a large electric capacity. When the two conductive plates of the electrochemical capacitor and both poles of the DC power supply are connected, the electrode plate of each capacitor has the same electrical property and potential as the connected power supply terminal, and at the same time, the positive electrode is energized. The prepared electrode plate sorbs the negative ions of the electrolytic solution, and the negative electrode plate of the capacitor absorbs the positive ions. When positive or negative ions or positive or negative ions are sorbed on the surface of the capacitor plate, the electric capacity of the electrochemical capacitor is formed. By applying a DC power supply to the plates of the capacitor, the process of collecting the charges occurs, and the capacitor is charged. Due to the difference in the electric capacity and internal resistance of the condenser, the charging time of the condenser is
The length is from less than 1 second to several seconds.

In FIG. 1 (a), the two electrodes of the capacitor in the figure include two parallel plates, and the sorbent is applied on the plates, which is shown as a rough surface. In order to clarify the above, each constituent element in FIGS. 1A and 1B is not attached with a numerical symbol. In FIG. 1 (a), when two conductive plates are connected to a DC power source represented by a battery symbol, the same electrical property as that of the through electrode plate is obtained at each high and low point of the rough surface, but the potential is a numerical value. Is a little lower. In other words, there are innumerable electrostatic attraction centers on each of the electrode plates that are energized with positive and negative electricity, and ions can be sorbed. Salt water
Positive ions are sorbed at the negative center and negative ions are sorbed at the positive center when they pass between the energized electrode plates. The sorption on the electrode surface is the charging of the condenser, and the process of FIG. 1 (a) is also the deionization of salt water, so that salt water can be replaced with fresh water. The method of removing the ions shown in FIG. 1A is called capacitive deionization (CDI). As known to those skilled in the art, the conductive plate used for CDI is called a substrate or current collector, and the sorbent on it is called an active substance. The main goal of CDI is deionization or desalting, and this technique requires only a low DC power supply of 0.5-3V to prevent electrolysis. Further, both the current collector plate and the active substance must have sorption properties, conductivity, and inertness in various poor environments. If seawater is desalinated by CDI, titanium (Ti) is the best choice as a current collector because of its resistance to salt corrosion and material cost. However, platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd)
Is a current collector that can be used in harsh applications such as renal hemodialysis. Activated carbon is the most convenient activator of CDI because of its sorption capacity and large surface area and low cost requirements. There are many types of activated carbon products on the market, and it takes time to select materials to be used. In addition to cost, the activated carbon selected must have a weight specific surface area of at least 1000 m ² / g, a particle size of at least 200 mesh and a ash content of 0%. Other expensive carbon materials such as C ₆₀ and carbon nanotubes can also be used in small amounts. When treating mild and neutral liquids, metal oxides such as manganese dioxide (MnO ₂ ) as well as magnetite (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) have a special sorption function and thus a special CDI It is advantageous for application. Similar to the charging speed of the capacitor, the CDI electrode surface is quickly saturated with ions, so that the CD
The operation of I must also be performed in a short time. Subject to low operating voltages and short processing times, CDI is a considerable energy saver in lowering the TDS of liquids. CDI 10 tons seawater from 35,000ppm to 2
A trial calculation of desalination into 50 ppm fresh water will consume about 1 kwh of electrical energy. The purity of the water obtained after the treatment of FIG. 1 (a) is determined by the effective surface area of activated carbon and the distance between the CDI electrodes.

When the electrode of FIG. 1 (a) is saturated, it is necessary to regenerate the electrode or desorb ions to recover its sorption capacity. As with the discharge of the electrochemical capacitor, as the ions return into the electrolyte, the saturated CDI electrode also discharges to the load to remove the ions on the surface, as shown in Figure 1 (b). You can CDI
Only when grasping the three characteristics when reproducing the electrode, the CD
I will be a commercial technology for desalination of seawater suitable for environmental protection. First, regeneration of the CDI electrode should be as fast as charging the capacitor. Second, the sorbed ions will automatically leave the CDI electrode upon discharge, so any solution can be used to transport the desorbed ions to a given storage tank and then concentrate them to recover useful resources. can do. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the electrodes can be cleaned with a small amount of pure water to reduce mutual contamination. Third, the surplus electrical energy on the saturated CDI electrode must be collected and stored for other use. At least 30% of the processing energy input during deionization can be recovered during regeneration. The amount of electricity that can be collected is usually enormous and can be profitable. For example, a desalination plant that desalinates 30,000 tons per day using the CDI technology performs deionization with electricity of 30,000 kwh, so that 9000 kwh of processing energy can be recovered. In order to recover such a huge electric energy rapidly, there is no choice but to use super capacitors, ultra capacitors, and double layer capacitors. Supercapacitors are better suited for such energy storage than batteries or inductances or flywheels. It is because the supercapacitor has a large volume energy density,
This is because even if any charging current is accepted, heat generation or a magnetic tingling phenomenon does not occur. Capacitors are generally manufactured by spiral winding or dense deposition and spacers are provided between the electrodes to electrically insulate the electrodes and prevent short circuits. The CDI electrode can be manufactured by using a general capacitor assembly to manufacture various modules of a container suitable for a liquid processing system. The CDI processing unit is formed of an electrode module and its container.
In addition to preventing leakage, the processing unit must simultaneously pass all the liquids to be processed through the electrostatic field created in the module, which mixes unprocessed liquids with purified liquids. It is not possible. Since the CDI is operated at room temperature and normal pressure, the required liquid flow pipeline can be easily established and joined, and the maintenance cost is low. However, CDI
Energy recovery during module regeneration must be done quickly and completely, with minimal cross-contamination between liquids, and at the same time the active material layer must be effective for a long time. The operating costs of CDI can be as low as the material costs offered by this invention.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 200 indicates a fully automatic CDI system formed by vertical separators of three CDI processing units in series. FIG. 2 only shows the main parts of the system, the other details are omitted for clarity. 1 perfect C
The DI automation system includes five subsystems, the electrode subsystems designated by E1, E2 and E3,
CDI processing unit subsystem indicated by C1, C2 and C3, and microcontroller (μC) and D
Energy management subsystem consisting of C power supply and super condenser (S / C), liquid flow subsystem consisting of liquid flow pipe and articulator, microcontroller μC or microprocessor (not shown)
And an on-line sensor (S1, S2, S3) and an automatic control subsystem consisting of a magnetic fluid valve (T). Although FIG. 2 shows only three CDI processing units, any number of processing units can be used if desired, and an ideal CDI liquid processing system can be constructed in series, parallel or mixed manner. can do. Further, in FIG. 2, the electrode modules E1, E2, E3 are simply illustrated as cylindrical shapes, the container of the module is rectangular, and the electrode module and the container are illustrated as a loose combination. Fully automatic CD
In the operation of the I system 200, dirty water such as seawater is pumped from the storage tank 201 by the pump 202 to the CDI processing unit C via the electromagnetic fluid valves 203, 204, 205.
1, C2, C3. When sewage enters the CDI treatment units C1, C2, C3, the microcontroller μ
C is a DC power supply and CDI processing units C1, C2, C3
In order to supply power to the electrode module, the instruction is issued synchronously and deionization is performed for a predetermined time. When the deionization process is completed, the online sensors S1, S2, S3 measure the conductivity, electric resistance, pH, and light absorption rate of the effluent, and compare it with the set standard to collect and use the effluent. Or, if further deionization is required. If the effluent has reached the purification standard based on the judgment of the sensor, the sensor notifies the micro controller μC to change to the flow paths of the electromagnetic fluid valves 206, 207, 208, and the pure water is changed to the electromagnetic fluid valve. 209, 210, 21
1 through the fluid pipes 216, 218, 220 to the pipe 222 for storage in the storage tank 212 or transportation to the local water supply system. A control valve (not shown) is further installed on the pipe 222 so that pure water is stored in the storage tank 21.
Backflow from 2 to the CDI processing units C1, C2, C3 is prevented. If the effluent is clean, the CDI treatment units C1, C2, C3 will deionize more wastewater, otherwise CDI treatment unit C1,
C2 and C3 must be regenerated. During regeneration, the inflow liquid switches from dirty water (from tank 201) to tank 213 and pump 214 to supply pure water. When entering a CDI processing unit with pure water, the CDI
At the same time as the sewage supply to the treatment unit is stopped, the microcontroller μC directs the associated magneto-hydraulic valve to pass pure water. Similar to deionization, the CDI treated electrode module is regenerated with pure water for a predetermined time. When the regeneration is completed, the effluent is separated into the pipe 21 along with the released ions.
The tank 2 enters the pipe 221 through 5, 217 and 219.
Return to 13. The useful ions are then concentrated and recovered and reused or sold as a by-product to add value to the CDI treatment.

Deionization of liquid and regeneration of CDI electrode are
It must be done simultaneously in different groups of CDI processing units for two reasons. The first reason is that industrial effluents are usually large volumes and the effluent passes through multiple arrays of CDI treatment groups, each group containing several in-line CDI treatment units,
That is to have the maximum production capacity. The second reason is that energy recovery during regeneration of the vertical CDI processing unit electrode module can be speeded up. The more units are connected in series, the greater the energy recovery rate and the degree of discharge of each electrode module. When the potential equilibrium appears, the discharge of the capacitor stops. The capacitors in series can provide a relatively large discharge range so that each capacitor can obtain a large degree of discharge. When regenerating some groups of CDI units, other groups can perform deionization. What is deionization and regeneration?
It is rapidly repeated and alternated on vertical CDI processing units in many groups. Therefore, pure water and electric energy are produced simultaneously in the fully automatic CDI system according to the invention. The deionization and regeneration of the CDI must be set to compatible operating times in order to accommodate much slower fluid velocities compared to the electronic reaction. Through the flow system of the entire CDI system, it is programmed that any liquid is made to flow into the CDI processing system of an arbitrary group, is retained for an arbitrary time, and has an arbitrary generation order.

Referring to FIG. 3, the operation flow chart 300 will be described by taking seawater as an example.
After deionization with I # 1, the effluent is 25
If it is 0 ppm or less, the effluent is stored in a pure water storage tank. If not, flush the effluent at step 303C.
Further deionization is performed with DI # 2, and it is determined in step 304 whether it is pure water or deionization. Deionization is continued until CDI # n in step 305. When a certain CDI treatment electrode module requires regeneration, pure water for regeneration enters the module from the tank 310 via the pipes RE1, RE2 and REn and also recovers energy (not shown). Each time the regeneration is completed, the sewage with the desorbed ions is sent to the tank 320 via the pipes RC1, RC2, RCn. After that, the liquid in the tank 320
Measure ppm and return it to tank 310 for regeneration, or send it to a recovery station because the concentration is too high and extract metal ions, eg Mg ²⁺ in seawater or recover other useful ions for reuse. Or decide whether to sell.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Next, in order to show the feasibility of the present invention,
Two examples will be described. Example 1 A cylindrical electrode module as shown in FIG. 2 was manufactured by using Ti foil as a current collector and commercially available activated carbon as an active material. The activated carbon used is 1050 m ² /
Weight specific surface area of g, particle size is about 300 mesh, price is 0.3
It was $ 5 / pound. The manufactured CDI electrode module having a geometric area of 1140 cm ² was attached to a standard pressure vessel of a general commercial or domestic water purifier system.
Apply 3V DC to both poles of the module and
Deionization was performed by passing 34,000 ppm seawater through the treatment layer at a fixed flow rate of liter / min. In 4 minutes of deionization, 4 liters of seawater passed through the 3V electrode module and the process current dropped from 6A to 1A. The effluent was collected for 1 minute every minute. In other words, four samples (1 liter each) were collected and their TDS was measured. Four experiments were carried out with the same electrode module, each time the module was reconfigured by energy recovery.
Table 1 below shows TDS after 34,000ppm of seawater passed through the cylindrical CDI electrode module (3V DC was applied) once.
It shows a decrease.

[0019]

[Table 1]

In FIG. 4, the relationship between TDS (expressed in ppt) and desalination rate (%) with respect to the collection time is shown. Since the flow rate is 1 liter / min, the horizontal axis also shows the effluent volume in liters. The TDS of the effluent rapidly reached the level of the influent, and the decrease in the desalination rate corresponded to the change in the TDS. As can be seen, the CDI electrode module saturates rapidly, that is, the deionization process time was very short, and the electrical energy efficiency was relatively high, perhaps up to 30 seconds. In commercial, industrial, and domestic water treatment applications, the geometric area of the electrode module and the number of CDI treatment units can be determined based on the required purity and production capacity. Applying 3V and 6A for 1 minute reduces the TDS of 1 liter of undiluted seawater by more than 40%. As mentioned above, if electric energy is stored in a super capacitor, a toy car can run for a long time. Therefore, the deionization rate or charge rate of the present invention is very fast and the energy consumption is very economical. The first embodiment also shows that the present invention can directly purify undiluted seawater without any pretreatment, and at the same time, the electrode module can be reconfigured and repeatedly used, and is not damaged. It shows that there is no. No chemicals are used in the process and no secondary pollution occurs. Among other things, the deionization apparatus of the present invention is capable of performing concentration sensitive and fragile ion exchange and RO pretreatment. If most of the ions are removed by the CDI processing unit, it becomes easy to completely remove the remaining trace contamination by ion exchange or RO.

Example 2 Under the same conditions as the CDI treatment system and operating voltage of Example 1, an aqueous solution of CuSO ₄ containing 2000 ppm Cu ^{2 +} was purified. Four effluent samples were collected in a 3 minute deionization process. The first half 2 samples were collected every 30 seconds for 30 seconds, and the second half 2 samples were collected every 1 minute for 1 minute.
It is 500 ml, and the latter two samples are 1 liter each.
Table 2 below shows a decrease in TDS after passing an aqueous CuSO ₄ solution containing 2000 ppm Cu ²⁺ at a rate of 1 liter / min through a cylindrical CDI electrode module (3 V DC is applied).

[0022]

[Table 2]

Since Cu ²⁺ is easily reduced to metallic copper on the cathode, the active surface of the CDI electrode is reduced, and the desalination ratio is
It was much lower than in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 2, it is necessary to modify the active substance used and the liquid flow system when treating the ion which is easily reduced.

As described above, the present invention has been disclosed by the preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention can be easily understood by those skilled in the art. Appropriate changes and modifications can be made within the scope, and therefore the scope of protection of the patent right should be determined based on the scope of the claims and an area equivalent thereto.

[0025]

With the above structure, the fully automatic energy-saving deionization apparatus according to the present invention uses the CDI module to achieve high energy efficiency (energy saving) for producing pure water, pure water solvent, useful resources, etc. Energy and useful resources can be recovered, and when pretreatment of ion exchange or reverse osmosis (RO) equipment is performed without causing secondary pollution, the ion exchange or reverse osmosis (RO) equipment The durable life can be extended. It is also possible to deionize using cheap materials and configure the system with a simple and effective assembly. further,
The automation subsystem allows for a fully automated system. Therefore, the industrial utility value is high.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a diagram for explaining a state in which a DC voltage is applied to a pair of coated electrode plates according to the present invention to sorb ions from flowing salt water. It is explanatory drawing which shows that it corresponds to the charge of an electrochemical capacitor, (b) shows that when an electrode plate covered with ions and a load are connected to each other, electric energy is released to the load to cause the ions to move to the pole. It is an explanatory view for explaining the detachment from the plate, which is equivalent to the detachment of ions by the discharge of the electrochemical capacitor and the regeneration of the electrode plate.

FIG. 2 Fully automatic CDI with continuous flow according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing the main configuration of the device, showing three serial CDIs.
It includes a vertical separator with a processing unit.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the fully automatic CDI apparatus according to the present invention, in which sea water is taken as an example.

FIG. 4 is a line graph showing a decrease in TDS and a change in desalination rate after deionizing seawater for 4 minutes by the CDI processing unit according to the present invention, in which the flow rate of seawater is 1 liter / min. is there.

[Explanation of symbols]

200 Fully automatic CDI system 201 tank 202 pump 203-211 Electromagnetic fluid valve 212,213 tanks 214 pump 215-220 pipe 221 and 222 pipes E1, E2, E3 electrode subsystem C1, C2, C3 CDI processing unit subsystem μC microcontroller S / C super condenser S1, S2, S3 online sensor T electromagnetic fluid valve

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Zhong Xingping             Taiwan Hsinchu County Bamboo East Zhenju Jinri 4 Zhong Zhongxing Road 4th Stage             542 (72) Inventor Xie Jin             No. 154, Jinraku-gai, 5 Minchunri, West District, Taichung City, Taiwan (72) Inventor Xie Tama             Taiwan Changhua Qinpu ▲ Township ▼ Tile North Villager Shiji Road             466 (72) Inventor Akira Ugura             Taiwan Changhua Fu Xing ▲ Township ▼ ▲ Wheat ▼ ▲ Old time ▼ Village ▲ Wheat             ▼ ▲ Old times ▼ Town 48-8 (72) Inventor ▲ Yo ▼ ▲ In ▼ Jin             Taiwan Changhua County Linlin Hepingli 6th Zhongshan Road 2nd tier 24             Street 7 F-term (reference) 4D061 DA04 DA08 DB13 DB18 DC19                       DC23 EA02 EB02 EB04 EB14                       EB17 EB19 EB28 EB29 EB30                       EB31 EB33 EB39 EB40 GC15                       GC16                 4K011 AA20 AA21 AA29 AA50 AA64                       CA05 DA11

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An electrode module which is formed by coating a conductive substrate with an active substance and which is composed of at least one anode and one cathode and which is mounted inside at least one container. A DC power source is provided to the processing unit composed of the container and the electrode module to perform a charged species removing process such as a deionization process for removing charged species in the liquid, and an electric power is supplied during regeneration of the electrode module. At least one condenser for extracting and storing energy, at least one on-line sensor and at least one magneto-hydraulic valve for controlling liquid transportation inside the processing unit, the step of removing charged species and the extraction and accumulation of electrical energy and the liquid At least one microcontroller for controlling transportation Fully automatic and energy-saving deionization device equipped with. 2. The fully automatic energy-saving deionization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the active substance is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, C ₆₀ , carbon nanotubes, MnO ₂ , and Fe ₃ O ₄ . 3. The fully automatic energy-saving deionization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the step of removing charged species is performed by applying a DC voltage to the electrode module for 30 seconds to 4 minutes.