JP2003275854A - High performance shock absorber and its producing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high performance shock absorber composed of a structure continuing pseudo-hollow metallic spheres having high ratio of voids and excellent deforming performance and high strength and this laminated structure, and its producing method. <P>SOLUTION: In this producing method for shock absorber having drastically high strength and high shock energy absorbing performance, this shock absorber is produced, with which a metallic plate materials are specially formed with a low pressure casting method or a die casting method by using a die for casting having a special shape and further, these are combined in the mutually reverse direction to produce the laminated structure continuing the pseudo-hollow metallic spheres and successively, these are laminated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metallic shock absorbing porous element structure, and more specifically,
In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing a hollow pseudo sphere that is applied when producing a porous element structure having a high porosity and exhibits suitable shock absorption properties, and a shock absorbing porous element structure. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful for realizing the production and use of a shock absorbing material having a hollow pseudo metal sphere having high deformability and high strength as an element.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a structure used for absorbing shock is generally designed so that a predetermined space is filled with a hollow element and the shock energy is absorbed by the deformation characteristic of the structure. Many. For example, a metal structure such as a honeycomb panel is a good example. However, in such a structure, although a large impact absorption characteristic is obtained in a specific direction, if the direction is slightly deviated, only a very small impact absorption characteristic is obtained.

On the other hand, when it is desired to ensure shock absorption at a light weight and at a low cost under the condition that a large force is not applied, for example, a soft resin or a foaming resin is often used for this purpose. However, when this kind of material is used, there is a drawback that sufficient impact energy absorption is not performed due to the small deformability peculiar to the resin and the low deformation stress.

Therefore, in order to improve the problems of these materials, it is conceivable to use this kind of shock absorbing material as a metallic porous element structure. That is, this structure has a structure in which a predetermined space is filled with metal constituent elements such as hollow spheres, columnar materials, prismatic materials, laminated materials, and hollow box materials. At that time, it has been found that hollow spheres or pseudo spheres are most preferable for these components in terms of the filling factor of the elements and the strength thereof. As described above, when the shock absorbing material is a metal porous element structure composed of a hollow sphere or a pseudo sphere, the optimum deformation stress of the metal material and the large deformability derived from its toughness are obtained. Therefore, extremely large impact energy absorption performance can be realized. Further, by using such a porous element structure as the shock absorbing material, it is possible to realize an extremely light weight while using a metal material.

As described above, various advantages can be obtained by using the metal porous element structure as a shock absorbing material. However, this kind of metal porous element structure is derived from its porous structure. It can be used for various purposes such as the following. That is, this type of porous structure has a low thermal conductivity due to its porous structure, and therefore, as a material for applications requiring low thermal conductivity, or due to its porous structure. Since the elastic modulus is reduced, it can be suitably used as a material for applications where vibration suppression is required, and the like.

By the way, as a method for producing this kind of metal porous element, that is, a hollow metal sphere or a pseudo metal sphere, the following methods are conventionally known. The first method is to sprinkle a metal slurry around a flammable spherical polymeric material such as polyurethane foam, and after drying, burn out the polymeric material and at the same time sinter the metal to produce a spherical hollow metal. Is the way.

The second method is to form a metal film around a flammable spherical polymeric material such as polyurethane foam by plating or spraying a molten metal, and then burn out the polymeric material. This is a method for producing a spherical hollow metal. The third method is to form a hemispherical metal from a plate material by a press or a die casting method or a low pressure casting method, and join the two hemispheres by welding, brazing, or caulking. The method is a hollow metal sphere.

However, in the case of the above-mentioned first method, that is, the method of using the metal slurry, it is necessary for the combustion gas of the polymer material to pass through the formed metal film, and the sintering is performed from the metal slurry. However, there is a problem that the metal film becomes extremely porous, and only a film having extremely low strength can be produced. Moreover, this method complicates the process and makes the manufacturing cost significantly higher.

On the other hand, in the case of the second method, that is, the method using plating or spraying, there is a problem that the hollow metal structure which can be produced is limited to nickel or a low melting point metal and the productivity is low. . Further, in this method, similarly to the first method, since it is necessary to discharge the combustion gas of the polymer material to the outside through the formed metal film, a hole through which the gas has permeated is locally generated in the metal film, It is difficult to obtain a uniform metal film.

Further, in the case of the third method, that is, the method of manufacturing each sphere by machining, a dense and high-strength coating can be formed, but the productivity is extremely low, and this method is used for shock absorbing materials. It is unsuitable when it is necessary to produce a large number of inexpensive spheres or pseudo spheres used as.

[0011]

Under these circumstances, the present inventor has, in view of the above-mentioned prior art, a new shock absorbing metal capable of drastically solving the problems of the above-mentioned prior art. In the process of earnestly researching with the aim of developing a simple and low-cost method for producing a porous element structure, pseudo hollow spheres with a specific structure produced by low pressure casting or die casting were lined up. The inventors have found that the intended purpose can be achieved by using a planar structure element, and have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a metal porous element structure for impact absorption, which has large deformation performance and high strength. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the above-mentioned metal porous element structure, which enables the above-mentioned metal porous element structure to be produced simply and at low cost and with high efficiency.

[0012]

The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises the following technical means. (1) Using a low pressure casting method or a die casting method, a metal plate material in which a large number of hemispherical dome-shaped protrusions having the same shape and a large number of hemispherical dome-shaped depressions having the same shape are formed continuously and alternately A method for forming a plate material having a large amount of impact deformation, which is characterized by being manufactured. (2) The method for forming a plate material according to (1), wherein the adjacent hemispherical dome-shaped projections and depressions occupy diagonal positions of a square, and the projections and depressions are in contact with each other. (3) A hemispherical dome-shaped depression occupies a position that is determined by forming two adjacent protrusions as the vertices of an equilateral triangle with respect to hemispherical dome-shaped protrusions that are arranged in contact with each other on a straight line. 1) The method for forming a plate material as described above. (4) A hemispherical dome of a plate material separately produced is covered on the depression of the plate material formed by the method according to any one of (1) to (3) above by using the low pressure casting method or the die cast casting method. A method of manufacturing a structural element which absorbs impact deformation in which a large number of pseudo metal balls are arranged on a plane. (5) A method of manufacturing a shock absorber, characterized in that the pseudo metal spheres of the following constituents are placed directly above the pseudo metal spheres of the structural element described in (4) above. (6) The method for manufacturing an impact absorber according to (5), wherein the pseudo metal spheres of the following constituents are placed in a valley formed by three or four pseudo metal spheres of the structural element. (7) The metal plate material is aluminum, magnesium,
The shock absorber manufacturing method according to (5) above, which is a simple substance or an alloy of any of titanium, iron, nickel, and copper. (8) The diameter of the formed pseudo metal sphere is 1 mm to 5
The method for producing an impact absorber according to (5) above, which is in the range of 0 mm. (9) The method for manufacturing an impact absorber according to the above (5), wherein the thickness of the formed pseudo metal sphere is in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm. (10) A shock absorber manufactured by the method according to any one of (5) to (9).

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described in more detail. According to the method of the present invention, first, a component having pseudo hollow metal spheres arranged on a plane is produced, and by further stacking the components effectively, a metal porous element component having high impact energy absorption performance is realized. To do. That is, first, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1A, the molten metal is first injected from the periphery I of the mold having the hemispherical dome, and then from the central opening O. The mold is sufficiently filled with the molten metal so that a part of the molten metal overflows, and hemispherical projections are continuously formed. At this time, it is important and effective to consider the cooling rate so that the walls forming the dome have substantially the same thickness and exhibit the same strength. These methods are not particularly limited, and an appropriate method can be used.

The projections and depressions formed by the low-pressure casting method or the die-cast casting method are arranged in a square shape as schematically shown in FIG. 2 (a) or as shown in FIG. 2 (a). An equilateral triangular arrangement as shown in is desirable. Here, T is a protrusion and D is a depression. However, it is not limited to these. Next, a hemisphere having the same shape as the projections and depressions produced by the above method is separately produced by low-pressure casting or die-cast casting using the formed material, and the hemispheres are placed on the depressions, as shown in FIG. The components of the shock absorber as shown in FIG.

An example of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
Shown in. The above-mentioned constituent elements of the present invention greatly vary depending on the site where they are used, load stress, load energy supply rate, amount of energy to be absorbed, and the like. Therefore, the illustrated example is a simplified and easy-to-understand example, and does not directly reflect the actual shape.

That is, the size, shape, and
The number of spheres can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, conditions of use, and the like. The same applies to the method of laminating the above-mentioned constituent elements. As an example of the present invention,
A method for producing a shock absorber by laminating the components of the shock absorber thus produced will be specifically described below.

When the shock absorbing spheres are arranged in a square shape on a plane, as shown in FIG.
Immediately above each pseudo metal sphere, the pseudo metal spheres of the following components are placed in a simple cube shape, or as shown in FIG.
It is desirable to arrange the following constituent pseudo metal balls in a body-centered cubic shape in a valley formed by four pseudo metal balls.
However, it is not limited to these.

On the other hand, in the case where two adjacent protrusions are arranged in a regular triangle on a plane, as shown in FIG. 4A, the pseudo metal spheres of the following constituents are immediately above each pseudo metal sphere. It may be placed or placed in a face-centered cubic or close-packed hexagonal shape where the pseudo metal spheres of the next component are placed in a valley formed by three pseudo metal spheres, as shown in FIG. desirable. However, it is not limited to these.

By the method of the present invention, a hollow metal sphere-filled type metallic porous structure is produced. This structure has a uniform shape of the hollow spheres as compared with a hollow metal sphere-filled metallic porous material produced by another method, and since the filling method can be controlled extremely well, the deformability is high. Since it is large and the strength can be increased, and the manufacturing cost can be remarkably reduced, it can be used as a particularly suitable material for impact absorption.

In the present invention, as the material of the metal plate material, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, iron,
Either nickel or copper alone or an alloy can be preferably used. However, the material is not limited to these, and an appropriate material can be used according to the purpose of use. In particular, when used as a shock absorbing material, an aluminum plate material is preferably used in terms of its light weight and material cost.

Further, in the present invention, it is possible to preferably use a pseudo metal ball having a diameter in the range of 1 mm to 50 mm. Further, in the present invention, the pseudo metal spheres formed as described above having a thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm can be preferably used. However, it is not limited to these.

[0022]

According to the method of manufacturing the shock absorber of the present invention, the pseudo metal spheres of the following constituents are placed directly above the respective pseudo metal spheres of the structural element in which the pseudo hollow spheres formed by combining two plate materials are arranged. As described above, the above-mentioned constituent elements are laminated. That is, in the method of the present invention, first, a constituent element in which pseudo hollow metal spheres are arranged is prepared, and further, by optimizing the constituent element and effectively stacking the constituent element, a metal porous element constituent element having high impact energy absorption performance is obtained. Create. The present invention is
By arbitrarily adjusting the size, shape, number of spheres, filling method and arrangement method of the above-mentioned constituent pseudo-metal balls, various deformation performances and strengths corresponding to the purpose of use, conditions of use, etc. can be obtained. It is possible to arbitrarily manufacture various types of shock absorbers. As a result, in the present invention, it is possible to highly efficiently produce, as the shock absorbing material, a metal porous element constituent having any shock absorbing characteristic and any form, and the present invention is simple and low cost. As a method of producing a shock absorber and a product thereof, it can be used in various fields in a wide variety of technical fields.

[0023]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Example (1) Manufacture of shock absorber SKD steel gap thickness 0.5 m having a square type arrangement in which five recesses and five protrusions are alternately arranged in both vertical and horizontal directions.
AC4A by die casting method in m space
A corresponding cast alloy was injected at about 750 ° C. to produce a structure as shown in FIG. The outer shape of the depression is about 1
It was set to 0 mm. The molded body obtained by this die-cast casting has a plate thickness of 0.5 mm, which is also produced by die-cast casting.
The AC4A equivalent cast alloy hemispherical dome was manufactured, and the dome was covered with the dome to form a shock absorber.

Further, 10 sets of these constituent elements were produced, and 10 layers were laminated in a structure in which the sphere was located on the sphere, and the inner diameter was 100 mm × 100 mm, the wall thickness was 1 mm, and the height was 120 mm.
It was housed in a rectangular cross-section container to be used as a shock absorber.

(2) Impact absorption characteristics When impact energy is applied to this impact absorber at a speed of 20 m / sec until it is deformed by 50%, about 7 MJ /
Energy absorption of m ³ was realized. This is extremely large as compared with the impact energy absorption amount which can be obtained by a usual hollow body-filled impact energy absorber, which is 2 to ³ MJ / m ³ . As described above, according to the present invention, a high-strength and high-absorption-energy-impact absorber can be obtained as compared with the conventional method. As described above, one example of the present invention was shown. Further, when a shock absorber was manufactured by the low pressure casting method in the same manner as the above method, the same result was obtained.

[0026]

As described above in detail, the present invention relates to a high-performance shock absorber and a method for manufacturing the same, and the present invention has the following special effects. (1) It is possible to manufacture a shock absorber made of a metal hollow pseudosphere by a simple method and at low cost. (2) An impact absorber having high strength and high absorbed energy performance can be obtained as compared with the conventional method. (3) It is useful as an impact absorbing material having high deformability and high strength. (4) Light weight and low price can be realized. (5) It is possible to provide a method of producing a hollow hollow sphere made of metal with high efficiency. (6) Impact energy from all directions can be efficiently absorbed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a casting method of the present invention and an explanatory view showing a partial structure of a pseudo hollow metal sphere.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between protrusions and depressions.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which pseudo hollow metal spheres are continuous in a plate shape.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a method of stacking shock absorbing elements.

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Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A metal formed by a low pressure casting method or a die casting method, wherein a large number of hemispherical dome-shaped projections having the same shape and a plurality of hemispherical dome-shaped depressions having the same shape are continuously and alternately formed. A method for forming a plate material having a large impact deformation amount, which comprises manufacturing a plate material. 2. The method for forming a plate material according to claim 1, wherein adjacent hemispherical dome-shaped projections and depressions occupy diagonal positions of a square, and the projections and depressions are in contact with each other. 3. A hemispherical dome-shaped depression occupies a position determined by forming two adjacent protrusions as the vertices of an equilateral triangle with respect to hemispherical dome-shaped protrusions arranged in contact with each other on a straight line. The method for forming a plate material according to claim 1. 4. A hemispherical dome of a plate material separately produced by using the low-pressure casting method or the die-cast casting method on the depression of the plate material formed by the method according to claim 1. And a method for manufacturing a structural element that absorbs impact deformation in which a large number of pseudo metal balls are arranged on a plane. 5. A method of manufacturing a shock absorber, wherein the pseudo metal spheres of the following constituents are placed directly on the pseudo metal spheres of the structural element according to claim 4. 6. The method of manufacturing a shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein a pseudo metal sphere of the next component is placed in a valley formed by three or four pseudo metal spheres of the structural element. . 7. The method for manufacturing a shock absorber according to claim 5, wherein the metal plate material is a simple substance or an alloy of any of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, iron, nickel and copper. 8. The diameter of the pseudo metal sphere formed is 1 mm.
The method for manufacturing an impact absorber according to claim 5, wherein the impact absorber is in the range of 50 mm to 50 mm. 9. The thickness of the pseudo metal sphere formed is 0.1.
The method for manufacturing an impact absorber according to claim 5, which is in the range of mm to 1 mm. 10. A shock absorber produced by the method according to any one of claims 5 to 9.