JP2003272594A - Battery using bag-shaped separator, bag-shaped separator for battery, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the manufacture of a battery, to reduce a production cost of the battery, and to facilitate recycling of the battery. <P>SOLUTION: A positive active material 10 is filled in a bag-shaped separator 16 in which at least one side is opened and a negative active material 12 is filled in a bag-shaped separator 16 in which at least one side is opened, the bag-shaped separators 16 filled with the positive active material 10 and the bag-shaped separators 16 filled with the negative active material 12 are alternately piled up between a positive current collector 18 and a negative current collector 20 faced to a battery cell, so that an opening part of the bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the positive active material 10 is positioned on the positive current collector 18 side and an opening part of the bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the negative active material 12 is positioned on the negative current collector 20 side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can be easily assembled into a battery by alternately stacking a bag-shaped separator filled with a positive electrode active material and a bag-shaped separator filled with a negative electrode active material. The present invention relates to a battery using a bag-shaped separator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent No. 3051401 discloses a so-called three-dimensional battery in which an active material is formed into powder or particles. A patent application has already been filed for a stacked three-dimensional battery (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-30).
9627). The present applicant has also applied for a patent for a three-dimensional battery in which a fixed layer is filled with a particulate active material (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2000-332281 and 2000-332).
503).

On the other hand, in a battery having a conventional structure, nickel hydroxide, which is a positive electrode of a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, has no electrical conductivity. Therefore, after coating the surface of nickel hydroxide with an electrically conductive cobalt compound, This is applied to a foam nickel sheet for the purpose of shape support and electrical conduction.Because the foam nickel sheet and nickel hydroxide cannot be bonded in an alkaline electrolyte, it is necessary to prevent peeling by physical pressure from the outside. There is. Further, in order to reduce the electric resistance between the nickel foam sheet and the nickel hydroxide, it is necessary to make the nickel foam sheet thin. The sheet is compacted to about 0.6 mm. Also, to smooth the ion diffusion,
Since the positive and negative electrodes need to be as close as possible,
The battery structure of positive electrode + separator + negative electrode is designed to be 2 mm or less.

[0004]

In order to increase the size of the nickel-hydrogen secondary battery having the conventional structure while satisfying the above-mentioned requirements, the foamed nickel sheet should have the same thickness, and the areas of the positive electrode and the negative electrode should be the same. Since there is no choice but to increase the size and there is a limit to increase the area per sheet, the method is adopted in which the number of foamed nickel sheets is increased and connected. In this case, as a connection method, a conductive wire (a nickel plate or the like) is welded and connected, but the electric resistance increases, so that the performance of the large-sized battery deteriorates.

Further, in the structure of the conventional dry battery, a thin and compact flat active material sheet is loaded into the battery cell in a roll shape with the separator interposed therebetween. For example, in a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, the outermost planar active material that is in direct contact with the battery cell (in the case of a nickel-hydrogen battery, a sheet coated with a negative hydrogen-absorbing alloy) is a current collector (battery cell). Has a large contact area with the negative electrode current collector), but the sheet coated with the positive electrode active material (nickel hydroxide) is welded to a minute conductor (such as a nickel plate) and then to an external terminal. There is. The problem here is that there are two welded parts and that the conductor (such as a nickel plate) connecting the active material and the external terminal has a small cross-sectional area. That is, the presence of the welded portion causes an increase in electrical resistance, an increase in manufacturing cost, and an increase in manufacturing time. In addition, since the conductor wire (such as a nickel plate) connecting the active material and the external terminal has a small cross-sectional area, it is unavoidable that the electric resistance and the amount of heat generated are large when a large current is applied.

Further, in the structure of a conventional industrial battery, for example, in a nickel-cadmium secondary battery, a thin and compact planar active material sheet is laminated as positive electrode + separator + negative electrode + separator + positive electrode + ... Weld a minute conductor (such as a nickel plate) to each flat active material sheet,
The positive electrodes are combined with each other, and the negative electrodes are combined with each other, and are welded to the external terminals. The problem here is that a plurality of flat active material sheets are welded and connected to each other, which causes an increase in electric resistance, a manufacturing cost, and a manufacturing time.

Although the single type dry battery has good performance, when a large capacity battery is required, if a plurality of single type batteries are connected in parallel / series, the voltage will be increased due to the contact resistance of the external terminals. You can get only the ones that descend and have deteriorated performance.
In addition, when a large battery such as an industrial battery is used from the beginning, as described above, there is a basic structural problem that there are many welding connection points, so a high-performance battery cannot be obtained.

The present applicant has also applied for a patent for a battery in which a separator is formed into a bellows shape, and a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are alternately stacked at the folds (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-596).
001-284491), it is difficult to assemble a long separator into a bellows shape, and it is impossible to continuously manufacture a battery at low cost. Further, when a battery using a bellows-shaped separator is disassembled, it is difficult to separate the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material, and it takes time to recycle.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to alternately stack a positive electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator and a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a battery using a bag-shaped separator that can be easily assembled into a battery, has good workability, can reduce the manufacturing cost, and can be easily recycled.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a battery using the bag-shaped separator of the present invention is provided between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided facing a battery cell. A positive electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator having at least one side opened and a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator having at least one side opened with a positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector side. The bag-shaped separator filled with the electrolytic solution is alternately stacked so that the opening of the filled bag-shaped separator is located and the opening of the bag-shaped separator filled with the negative electrode active material is located on the negative electrode current collector side.

In the above structure, a unit unit constituted by alternately stacking a positive electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator and a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator is used as a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode collector. Higher output can be achieved by incorporating the cells in parallel with the cells formed between the electric bodies. Further, the above battery in which the positive electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator and the negative electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator are alternately stacked is stacked in series through the partition wall to obtain a high voltage. be able to. In addition, batteries in which the above unit units are installed in parallel can be stacked in series via a partition wall to obtain a high voltage.

In the above structure, the unit unit constituted by alternately stacking the positive electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator and the negative electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator is compressed and compressed. Can be incorporated into a battery cell. In this case, it is possible to use those in which the unit unit is bound and squeezed with a band-shaped body, a string-shaped body or the like made of a porous or non-porous insulator. In addition, it is possible to use a unit in which the unit is tied with a band-shaped body, a string-shaped body, or the like made of a meltable or non-meltable insulator to be in a compacted state.

Further, in the above structure, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material may be in the form of powder, granules, plates, blocks, rods, powders or pastes. If you want to make a paste,
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or the like can be used as a solvent for dispersing the powder or the like. Also, secondary particles obtained by secondary molding of primary particles into a plate shape, a block shape, a rod shape, a granular shape, a pleated shape or the like are used. Further, the surface of these active materials can be coated with metal powder, metal-plated powder, flakes or threads, or metal-plated for use.

Further, in the above structure, it is preferable that an arbitrary surface of the positive electrode active material and / or the negative electrode active material is covered with an ion passage type current collector. In this case, it is possible to use the one in which the surface of the active material is covered with an ion passage type current collector and integrally molded. As an ion passing type current collector,
For example, foamed nickel metal, nickel metal mesh, metal such as nickel-plated punching metal, expanded metal, foamed resin such as nickel-plated urethane, nickel-plated polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, cotton, porous material such as carbon fiber, Inorganic fibers such as silica and alumina plated with nickel, organic fibers plated with nickel, felt coated with nickel, and inorganic foil such as mica coated with nickel can be used.

The bag-shaped separator for batteries of the present invention is characterized in that it has a bag-like shape with at least one side opened so that the active material can be filled therein. As a separator,
For example, a woven or non-woven fabric such as Teflon, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, or a membrane filter can be used.

In the method of manufacturing the bag-shaped separator for a battery of the present invention, the planar separator is folded in two, and one side is fused or sewn into a bag shape with two sides closed, or two sides are closed. It is characterized in that it is fused or sewn into a bag shape with three sides closed. In addition, the method for manufacturing a bag-shaped separator for a battery according to the present invention is such that two planar separators are stacked and adjacent to each other.
Fusion or stitching the sides to make a bag with two sides closed,
Alternatively, it is characterized in that the three sides are fused or sewn to form a bag shape with the three sides closed. The method of closing the separator is not limited to any method, such as fusion by heat or ultrasonic waves, or stitching with an insulating thread.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented. . FIG. 1 shows an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where a battery is composed of only basic units. As the active material, a material obtained by adding an electrically conductive filler and a resin to an active material that causes a battery reaction and curing it can be used. As the active material material that causes the battery reaction, it is possible to use all active material materials regardless of the type of battery, positive electrode, and negative electrode. In the case of nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, nickel hydroxide powder is used as an example. 2000g and EVA resin 20
After mixing 0 g and 300 g of the conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber) and press-molding at a pressure of 0.1 MPa, a plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10 of 100 mm × 30 mm × 3 mmT can be prepared. Similarly, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, as an example, the hydrogen storage alloy powder 600
0.1M after mixing 0g, 200g EVA resin and 300g conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber)
A negative electrode active material 12 having a plate shape of 100 mm × 30 mm × 2 mmT can be produced by pressure molding with a pressure of Pa.

The surfaces of the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 are covered with an ion passage type current collector 14. For example, in the case of the plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12, any one of the 1st to 6th surfaces can be covered with the ion passage type current collector 14. In the molding process of the active material described above, it is also possible to cover the active material with the ion passage type current collector and integrally mold it. Further, when the active material is used in the form of powder or paste, the active material may be filled in a bag-shaped ion-passing current collector. In the present embodiment, as an example, a plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10 and negative electrode active material 12
4 surfaces are covered with the ion passage type current collector 14 (foamed nickel sheet).

Next, the bag-shaped separator 16 is filled with the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 coated with the ion-passing current collector 14. The bag-shaped separator 16 is formed by folding a planar separator in two and fusing or stitching one side to form a bag having two sides closed, or fusing or stitching two sides to close three sides. It can also be manufactured by a bag-like method, and two planar separators are overlapped and adjacent two sides are fused or sewn to form a bag with two sides closed, or three sides are fused or sewn. It can also be manufactured by a method of forming a bag shape with three sides closed, and the way to close the separator is fusion by heat or ultrasonic waves,
Any method such as stitching with an insulating thread may be used. In the present embodiment, as an example, a bag-shaped separator 1 in which a planar separator is folded in two, two sides are heat-sealed, and three sides are closed
6 is produced. In FIG. 1, the bag-shaped separator 1
Although the shape of No. 6 is schematically illustrated, in actuality, it has a bag shape in which two or three sides that can be filled with the above-mentioned plate-like active material and the like are closed.

The positive electrode active material 10 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 and the negative electrode active material 12 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 are assembled alternately in a battery cell. Specifically, the positive electrode active material 10 is provided on the positive electrode current collector 18 side.
Are stacked alternately so that the opening of the bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the is positioned and the opening of the bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the negative electrode active material 12 is positioned on the negative electrode current collector 20 side. Furthermore, the electrolyte (KOH, NaO
H, LiOH, etc.) solution to fill the battery. As the positive electrode current collector 18 and the negative electrode current collector 20, it is possible to use a nickel metal plate, a nickel metal foil, carbon, nickel-plated iron, stainless steel, or the like, or carbon-nickel-plated carbon. In this embodiment, only the basic unit is loaded, but the number of active materials contained in the basic unit is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. It is possible to appropriately select and manufacture from a minimum unit of one set of active material to an arbitrary number of sets. Further, when the contact between the bag-shaped separator and the current collector is excessively compacted and short-circuited, the separator itself is fused by heat or ultrasonic waves, or the separator side is coated with a resin of an insulator, Alternatively, a short circuit is prevented by applying an insulating resin to the active material.

As the above-mentioned conductive filler,
Carbon fiber, carbon fiber plated with nickel, carbon particles, carbon particles plated with nickel, organic fiber plated with nickel, silica, alumina or other inorganic fibers plated with nickel, mica or other inorganic foil with nickel Plated, fibrous nickel, nickel particles,
The nickel foils can be used alone or in combination. The resin added to the active material has a softening temperature of 12
Thermoplastic resin up to 0 ℃, curing temperature from room temperature to 120 ℃
Up to 120 ° C., a resin soluble in a solvent having an evaporation temperature of 120 ° C. or lower, a resin soluble in a water-soluble solvent, or a resin soluble in an alcohol-soluble solvent can be used. For example, when nickel hydroxide is used as the active material, 1
Since the activity is lost at 30 ° C or higher, it is necessary to perform various treatments at a temperature lower than 130 ° C. In addition, since the active material is used in the alkaline electrolyte, alkali resistance is required. As the thermoplastic resin, polyethylene, polypropylene,
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or the like can be used. As the resin having a curing temperature from room temperature to 120 ° C., a reaction curable resin (epoxy resin, urethane resin, unsaturated polyester resin, etc.), a thermosetting resin (phenol resin, etc.) can be used. As the resin that dissolves in a solvent having a low evaporation temperature, the above thermoplastic resin can be used. The solvent-soluble resin is used by a method of dissolving it in a solvent, adding it to the active material, and removing the solvent by evaporation, extraction, or the like. As the resin soluble in water and soluble in the extractable solvent, polyether sulfone (PES) resin, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyimide or the like can be used. Further, as the resin which is soluble in alcohol and soluble in the extractable solvent, cellulose acetate, oxide phenylene ether (PPO) or the like can be used.

Next, the charging and discharging of the battery of this embodiment will be described in detail. (Charging) A voltage is applied to the battery, and electrons are supplied to the negative electrode current collector 20 from a power generation means (not shown). Electron is the negative electrode current collector 2
It moves from 0 to the negative electrode active material 12 and reacts. The ions generated by the reaction pass through the separator 16 and react with the positive electrode active material 10 to emit electrons. The electrons move to the positive electrode current collector 18 and are sent to the power generation means. Electrons are supplied from the (discharge) load to the positive electrode current collector 18.
The electrons move from the positive electrode current collector 18 to the positive electrode active material 10 and react. Ions generated by the reaction pass through the separator 16 and react with the negative electrode active material 12 to emit electrons. The electrons move to the negative electrode current collector 20 and are sent to the load.

By alternately stacking the positive electrode active material 10 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 and the negative electrode active material 12 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16, a battery can be easily assembled. Further, the thickness of the separator 16 can be arbitrarily changed, and a plurality of types of separators 16 can be incorporated in the same battery, which allows flexible battery design. Further, when the battery is disassembled, the current collectors 18, 20 and the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 are immediately separated, so that they can be easily reused. Further, since the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 are close to each other, the movement distance of electrons is shortened to obtain a high output, and the diffusion distance of ions is shortened to obtain good ion diffusion. At the same time, when gas is generated from the active material due to overcharging or the like, the gas moves to the opposite electrode and is easily consumed, and sealing is easy. In addition, by using the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 covered with the ion-passing current collector 14 such as porous nickel, the distance between the active material and the current collector is reduced, and the movement of electrons is reduced. At the same time as the distance is shortened, the area for collecting electricity is increased and the high-performance battery has a small electric resistance. Further, since the separator 16 and the ion-passing type current collector 14 are relatively present in the battery cell, the positive electrode active material 1 per unit volume is
0, the filling amount of the negative electrode active material 12 is small, it is possible to secure a large amount of electrolytic solution in the cell, and a dry-out phenomenon occurs in which the electrolytic solution is depleted and solid-liquid reaction (battery reaction) does not occur. Hateful.

2 and 3 show an example of a battery using the bag-shaped separator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment is a case where a battery is composed of only the basic unit, and the basic unit is compacted and incorporated into a battery cell. For example, in the case of nickel-hydrogen secondary battery,
As an example, after mixing 2000 g of nickel hydroxide powder, 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber), pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to obtain a plate shape of 100 mm × 30 mm × 3 mmT. A positive electrode active material 10 is prepared. Similarly, as an example, after mixing 6000 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder, 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber), pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to obtain 100 mm.
A plate-shaped negative electrode active material 12 of × 30 mm × 2 mmT is prepared. As in the case of the first embodiment, the positive electrode active material 10,
The surface (four surfaces as an example) of the negative electrode active material 12 is covered with an ion passage type current collector 14 (foamed nickel sheet as an example).

Next, the positive electrode active material 10 and the negative electrode active material 12 coated with the ion passage type current collector 14 are filled in the bag-shaped separator 16, respectively. As the bag-shaped separator 16,
As an example, it is possible to use a bag-shaped separator in which a planar separator is folded in two, two sides are heat-sealed, and three sides are closed. The positive electrode active material 10 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 and the negative electrode active material 12 filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 were alternately stacked and tightly bound with a polypropylene band 21 to consolidate as shown in FIG. , Block shape. The basic unit can be made into a consolidated state by binding with a porous or non-porous insulator or a meltable or non-meltable insulator. For example, as a porous insulator, a non-woven fabric, a non-porous and non-porous insulator is used. The above-mentioned polypropylene and polyethylene can be used as the meltable insulator, and polyvinyl alcohol can be used as the meltable insulator. Note that, in FIG. 2, the separator and the ion passage type current collector are not shown.

Then, the block-consolidated basic unit 22 is incorporated into the battery cell. In FIG. 3, the polypropylene band is not shown. Note that this embodiment is a case where only the basic unit is loaded, but the number of active materials contained in the basic unit is not limited to the configuration including two pairs of positive electrode and negative electrode active material shown in FIG. It is possible to appropriately select and manufacture from one set of the minimum unit of the negative electrode active material to an arbitrary number of sets. Further, when the contact between the bag-shaped separator and the current collector is excessively compacted and short-circuited, the separator itself is fused by heat or ultrasonic waves, or the separator side is coated with a resin of an insulator, Alternatively, a short circuit is prevented by applying an insulating resin to the active material. As in the present embodiment, the basic unit is compressed to form a porous or non-porous insulator,
Alternatively, the workability can be further improved by using a melted or non-meltable insulator that is bound and compressed. Other configurations, operations and the like are similar to those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a plurality of basic units (four in FIG. 4 as an example) are installed in parallel to form a battery.
As the basic unit 22, a unit unit as described in the first or second embodiment is manufactured. Four sets of the basic units 22 are installed in parallel between the positive electrode current collector 18 and the negative electrode current collector 20 in the battery cell to form a battery.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a battery using the bag-shaped separator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a battery is formed by stacking a plurality of basic units (four in FIG. 5 as an example) installed in parallel to form a plurality of layers (four in FIG. 5 as an example). As the basic unit 22, a unit unit as described in the first or second embodiment is manufactured. Four sets of the basic units 22 are loaded in parallel to the battery cells, and four layers are stacked through the partition walls 24 to form a battery. A high voltage battery is obtained by stacking cells in series. As the partition wall 24, a nickel metal plate, a nickel metal foil, carbon, nickel or iron or stainless steel plated with nickel, carbon plated with nickel, or the like can be used.

As in the third and fourth embodiments described above, the battery cells in which the positive electrode active material is filled in the bag-shaped separator and the negative electrode active material in the bag-shaped separator are alternately stacked. By mounting a plurality of basic units, the size can be easily increased, and since there are no welding points that increase the electric resistance, performance deterioration due to the size increase does not occur. In addition, workability is improved and manufacturing cost and manufacturing time can be reduced.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a battery using the bag-shaped separator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where a battery is configured by only the basic unit, and is a battery having a large volume energy density by increasing the thickness of the active material as compared with the case of the first embodiment. For example, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, as an example, 2000 g of nickel hydroxide powder and 200 g of EVA resin
And conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber)
After mixing 300 g, pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to form a plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10a of 100 mm × 30 mm × 12 mmT. Similarly, as an example, after mixing 6000 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder, 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber), pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa, and 100 mm x 3
A 0 mm × 8 mm T plate-shaped negative electrode active material 12a is prepared. As in the case of the first embodiment, the positive electrode active material 10
a, the surface (for example, four surfaces) of the negative electrode active material 12a is covered with the ion passage type current collector 14, and then the bag-shaped separator 1
6 was filled with the positive electrode active material 10a and the negative electrode active material 12a, respectively, and the positive electrode active material 10a filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 and the negative electrode active material 12a filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 were alternately stacked. Install in a battery cell.

As described above, by increasing the thickness of the active material, the ratio of the separator 16 to the ion-passing type current collector 14 is relatively decreased, so that the output per volume of the battery is reduced, but the volume energy is reduced. A battery having a high density can be obtained. On the other hand, when high output is required as the battery performance, the volume ratio of the separator 16 and the ion passage type current collector 14 is relatively increased by reducing the thickness of the active material in the above-described embodiment. Although the density decreases, a high output battery can be obtained. As described above, the battery specifications can be arbitrarily changed only by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the active material, and the desired battery specifications can be easily obtained. Other configurations, operations and the like are similar to those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a case where a battery is composed of only basic units and is a type of battery in which a thin active material and a thick active material are mixed. For example, in the case of a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, as an example, 2000 g of nickel hydroxide powder and 200 g of EVA resin
And conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber)
After mixing 300 g, pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to form a plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10 of 100 mm × 30 mm × 3 mmT and a plate-shaped positive electrode active material 10 a of 100 mm × 30 mm × 12 mmT. Similarly, as an example, after mixing 6000 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder, 200 g of EVA resin and 300 g of conductive filler (carbon black and carbon fiber), pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to obtain 100 m.
a plate-shaped negative electrode active material 12 of m × 30 mm × 2 mmT,
100 mm x 30 mm x 8 mm T plate-shaped negative electrode active material 1
Make 2a. As in the case of the first and fifth embodiments,
After covering the surfaces of the positive electrode active materials 10 and 10a and the negative electrode active materials 12 and 12a (four surfaces as an example) with the ion passage type current collector 14, the bag-shaped separator 16 is coated with the positive electrode active materials 10 and 10a.
a and the negative electrode active materials 12 and 12a, respectively. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the positive electrode active material 10, a bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the negative electrode active material 12, and a bag-shaped separator 16 filled with the positive electrode active material 10a. The negative electrode active material 12a filled in the bag-shaped separator 16 is alternately stacked and incorporated into a battery cell. Other configurations, operations, and the like are similar to those of the first and fifth embodiments.

[0033]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. (1) By alternately stacking the positive electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator and the negative electrode active material filled in the bag-shaped separator, a battery can be easily assembled. Further, the thickness of the separator can be arbitrarily changed and a plurality of types of separators can be incorporated in the same battery, which allows flexible battery design. (2) A battery cell can be easily enlarged by loading a plurality of basic units in which a bag-shaped separator filled with a positive electrode active material and a bag-shaped separator filled with a negative electrode active material are alternately stacked in a battery cell. Since there is no welded spot that increases the electric resistance, the performance does not deteriorate due to the increase in size. In addition, workability is improved and manufacturing cost and manufacturing time can be reduced. (3) When the battery is disassembled, the current collector, the positive electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material are immediately separated, so that the battery can be easily reused. (4) The workability can be further improved by compressing the unit unit and using a porous or non-porous insulator or a meltable or non-meltable insulator bound and consolidated. (5) Since the distance between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material is short, the electron migration distance is short and high output is obtained, and the ion diffusion distance is short, and good ion diffusion is obtained. Further, when gas is generated from the active material due to overcharge or the like, the gas easily moves to the opposite electrode and is consumed, so that the sealing is easy. (6) By using the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material each covered with an ion-passing current collector such as porous nickel, the distance between the active material and the current collector is reduced, and the electron migration distance is reduced. At the same time as it is shortened, the area for collecting electricity is increased, and the battery becomes a high-performance battery with low electric resistance. (7) Since a separator and an ion passage type current collector are relatively large in the battery cell, the amount of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material filled per unit volume is small, and a large amount of the electrolytic solution is secured in the cell. It is possible to prevent the dry-out phenomenon in which the solid-liquid reaction (battery reaction) does not occur due to exhaustion of the electrolytic solution. (8) When high output is required for battery performance, the thickness of the active material is reduced to relatively increase the ratio of the separator and the ion passage type current collector, and the volume energy density is reduced, but the high output is used. Can be obtained. (9) When high output is not required for battery performance, the thickness of the active material is increased to relatively reduce the ratio of the separator and the ion-passage-type current collector, so that a battery having a large volume energy density can be obtained. it can. (10) The battery specifications can be arbitrarily changed only by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the active material, and the desired battery specifications can be easily obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example (only a basic unit) of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a block-consolidated basic unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery using the bag-shaped separator according to the second embodiment of the present invention (when compacted only by the basic unit).

FIG. 4 is an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to a third embodiment of the present invention (four basic units are loaded in parallel).
It is a schematic diagram which shows.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention (four basic units are loaded in parallel,
It is a schematic diagram showing (4 layers laminated in series).

FIG. 6 is an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention (only basic unit, thick active material).
It is a schematic diagram which shows.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a battery using a bag-shaped separator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention (only basic unit, thin and thick active material mixed type).

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 10a Positive electrode active material 12, 12a Negative electrode active material 14 Ion passage type current collector 16 bag separator 18 Positive electrode current collector 20 Negative electrode current collector 21 polypropylene band 22 Basic units 24 partitions

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) // H01M 10/30 H01M 10/30 Z (72) Inventor Kazuya Nishimura 1st Kawasaki-cho, Akashi-shi, Hyogo No. 1 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Akashi Plant (72) Inventor Susumu Mitsuda 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka F-Term (Reference) 5H017 AA02 AS02 BB08 CC01 CC03 CC05 CC28 EE01 EE04 EE07 EE09 5H021 BB04 BB11 BB15 CC18 EE04 EE07 EE10 5H028 AA05 BB03 BB04 CC21 EE01 EE06

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A bag-shaped separator having a positive electrode active material filled in at least one side between a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector provided facing a battery cell, and a negative electrode active material. A bag-shaped separator in which at least one side is open means that the opening of the bag-shaped separator in which the positive electrode current collector side is filled with the positive electrode active material is located and the negative electrode current collector side is filled with the negative electrode active material. A battery using a bag-shaped separator, characterized in that the separators are alternately stacked so that the openings of the separators are located and loaded together with an electrolytic solution. 2. A unit unit constituted by alternately stacking a positive electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator and a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator is a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector. The battery using the bag-shaped separator according to claim 1, which is incorporated in parallel with the cells formed therebetween. 3. A battery using a bag-shaped separator, wherein the battery according to claim 1 or 2 is laminated in series with a partition wall interposed therebetween. 4. A unit unit constituted by alternately stacking a positive electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator and a negative electrode active material filled in a bag-shaped separator is assembled into a battery cell in a compressed and compressed state. A battery using the bag-shaped separator according to claim 1. 5. The battery using the bag-shaped separator according to claim 4, wherein the unit unit is bound and squeezed with a band-shaped body or a string-shaped body made of a porous or non-porous insulator. 6. A battery using the bag-shaped separator according to claim 4, wherein the unit unit is bound and bound in a band-like body or a string-like body made of a meltable or non-meltable insulator to be in a compacted state. 7. The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are in the form of powder, particles, plates, blocks, rods or pastes, or particles in the form of plates, blocks, rods, particles or pleats. A battery using the bag-shaped separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is molded. 8. The bag according to claim 7, wherein the surface of the positive electrode active material and / or the negative electrode active material is coated with metal powder, metal-plated powder, flakes or threads, or metal-plated. Batteries that use separators. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein any surface of the positive electrode active material and / or the negative electrode active material is coated with an ion-passing current collector.
9. A battery using the bag-shaped separator according to any one of 8. 10. The ion-passing current collector comprises foamed nickel metal, nickel metal net, metal such as nickel-plated punching metal, expanded metal, etc., foamed resin such as nickel-plated urethane, nickel-plated polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon. , Porous materials such as cotton and carbon fibers, nickel-plated inorganic fibers such as silica and alumina, nickel-plated organic fibers, nickel-plated felt, and nickel-plated inorganic foil such as mica A battery using the bag-shaped separator according to claim 9, which is at least one of them. 11. A bag-shaped separator for a battery, which is a bag-shaped separator having at least one side opened so that an active material can be filled therein. 12. The battery bag-like separator according to claim 11, wherein the separator is a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or a membrane filter made of at least one of Teflon (registered trademark), polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon. 13. A flat separator is folded in two and 1
Fusion or stitching the sides to make a bag with two sides closed,
Alternatively, a method for producing a bag-shaped separator for a battery is characterized in that two sides are fused or sewn together to form a bag-shaped separator with three sides closed. 14. A flat bag in which two flat separators are stacked and adjacent two sides are fused or sewn to form a bag having two sides closed, or three sides are fused or sewn to close three sides. 1. A method of manufacturing a bag-shaped separator for a battery, which is characterized by forming a bag-shaped separator. 15. The method for producing a bag-shaped separator for a battery according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the method of closing the separator is fusion by heat or ultrasonic waves, or stitching with an insulating thread.