JP2003268871A - Attic space structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attic space structure which allows effective use of an attic space, and is formed of sloped beams and columns bearing the same, each of the sloped beams and the columns having the same cross section irrespective of variation in height of an upstand. <P>SOLUTION: The attic space structure is constructed by employing the plurality of sloped beams 1, 2. The structure has a plurality of bearing walls A in an attic space cross sectional direction, and each bearing wall A forms part of a wing wall 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes it possible to effectively use the space behind a cabin, and to share the members constituting the beams and columns constituting the cabin back structure. It is related to the structure of the back of the hut that makes it possible to make the roof. 2. Description of the Related Art In a residential building, a storage space and a living space have been created by effectively utilizing a back space formed inside a sloping roof. In this case, how to support the ridge of the sloped roof becomes a problem, and various solutions have been proposed and realized. As one means for constructing a sloped roof, there is a structure in which a pair of joint slope beams are arranged and joined in a substantially vertical plane, and a ridge beam is joined to an upper joint portion. With this structure, the cross-sectional shape of the space behind the hut becomes triangular, and a stable structure can be realized, but it is difficult to obtain a sufficient height. [0003] In order to realize a space behind a cabin that has a sufficient height and can be effectively used, there is a structure in which a sloped roof is supported only by rising members provided on a girder portion. In the case of constructing the space behind the hut, it is common to use a mountain-shaped frame structure such as a 3-hinge-type ramen and a 2-hinge-type ramen.
In such a mountain-shaped frame structure, it is common to use a member formed by integrating a pillar portion corresponding to a rising member and a gradient beam portion corresponding to a gradient roof. [0004] In the above-mentioned mountain-shaped frame structure, since the column portion and the gradient beam portion are integrated, they behave as one member. That is, when the mountain-shaped frame frame is started, the load acting on the gradient beam portion does not act as a force in the axial direction but acts as a bending moment on the column portion. For this reason, even when the unit load serving as a design standard is constant, when the length of the column portion changes, the value of the bending moment acting on the angled frame frame changes, and accordingly, the column portion has The cross-sectional performance also changes. Therefore, even if the span is the same, as the length of the pillar portion increases,
The required cross-sectional area of the pillar portion also increases. [0006] When designing a sloped roof frame system in which the height of the rising portion is made to be a plurality of types using the above-mentioned mountain-shaped frame structure, it is not possible to share the cross section of the members. And the problem that it is difficult to standardize the fitting with other members. [0007] Further, if the mountain frame is constituted by a pair of pillars and a pair of gradient beams, this structure has five hinges, and there is a problem that the frame must be instability. [0008] An object of the present invention is to make it possible to effectively use the space behind a hut, and to change the height of the erected roof,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cabin back structure that can share a common cross section for each of a column member and a gradient beam member. [0009] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a hut back structure according to the present invention is a hut back structure using a plurality of gradient beams, and a plurality of load-bearing walls are provided in a cross-sectional direction. At the same time, the bearing wall forms a part of the sleeve wall. In the above-mentioned cabin back structure, the cabin back space can be formed by supporting the gradient beams with columns, and the height of the cabin back space can be set to a desired height by appropriately setting the length of the columns. Can be set. By providing a plurality of load-bearing walls in the cross-sectional direction of the back space of the hut and forming a part of the sleeve wall by the load-bearing walls, the connecting portion between the gradient beam and the column is restrained, and a behavior similar to that of the 3-hinge rigid frame Can be realized. That is, a thrust acts on the joint between the gradient beam and the column due to the force acting on the gradient beam, and as a result, the column attempts to rotate outward around the lower end, and the gradient beam is not connected to the column. The ridge side tends to turn downward about the joint, but at this time, the thrust acting on the column can be supported by the load-bearing wall. Therefore, the downward rotation of the gradient beam and / or the outward rotation of the column can be restrained and stabilized by the load bearing wall. For this reason, even when the rising height of the sloped roof changes, only the vertical axial force acts on the columns, and if the area of the sloped roof is the same, the members having the same cross-sectional area are used. Can be used in common. In particular, since the bearing wall forms part or all of the sleeve wall, the central space behind the cabin can be widened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a cabin back structure according to the present invention will be described below. The attic structure according to the present invention is for effectively utilizing the attic space, and a bearing wall is provided in a sectional direction of the attic space (a direction perpendicular to the ridge), and the bearing wall is a sleeve wall. To form a part of. In particular, a plurality of gradient beams are supported by pillars so that the height of the space behind the hut can be secured, and a bearing wall is provided in the cross-sectional direction, and a part of the sleeve wall is formed by the bearing wall. By forming it, only the axial force acts on the column, so that even if the height of the column is changed, a common member can be used without changing the cross-sectional area of the column. It was done. The gradient beam is detachably joined to a pillar whose lower end is raised from the girder beam by bolts or the like. This joining method is a so-called pin joining that allows mutual rotation, and is not a rigid joining. In addition, the sloped roof has a pair of members in which the sloped beam and the column are pin-joined facing each other, and a ridge beam is joined to the upper end of the opposed sloped beam with bolts to form a mountain-shaped frame. It is configured with several installations. In the above-mentioned chevron frame, the mounting portions of the sloping beams to the ridge beams, the mounting portions to the columns, and the mounting portions of the columns to the girder beams are respectively pin-joined to form a 5-hinge rigid frame. In this five-hinge frame structure, the force transmitted via the gradient beam acts as a thrust in the direction of rotating the column to the outside. Therefore, by forming the load-bearing wall in the cross-sectional direction, it is possible to oppose the vertical force including the weight of the gradient beam and the thrust acting on the column. Only a vertical force (axial force) can be applied. For this reason, even if the height of the space behind the hut changes and the length of the pillar changes accordingly,
As long as the length of the gradient beam and the mounting pitch of the columns are the same, the axial forces acting on the columns are the same, and columns having different lengths can be formed using members having the same cross-sectional area. That is, the members can be shared. The load-bearing walls are opposed to vertical forces and forces acting horizontally on the building due to an earthquake or wind by fixing the upper and lower ends to upper and lower beams, respectively. It has a function, and the structure is not limited as long as it has this function. Generally, bearing walls are
It is constituted by providing a bearing member between a pair of column members. In particular, the understory structure of the present invention assumes that the height of the pillar is changed, and any structure that can cope with this change can be used. As described above, since the bearing walls oppose the vertical force and the horizontal force acting on the building due to the earthquake or wind, the number and arrangement of the bearing walls for the purpose of this function are as follows. It is generally set based on the horizontal force acting on the target building. In the present invention, the load-bearing wall provided in the cross-sectional direction has a function of opposing a vertical force acting on the gradient beam and / or a thrust acting on a column having the gradient beam attached to the upper end. Is installed in the cross-section direction orthogonal to the ridge which is in the same plane as the installation surface of the gradient beam.
Therefore, the arrangement portion of the load-bearing wall is limited to a portion corresponding to the gradient beam, and is not provided on another portion, for example, a pillar such as a stud. Here, the sleeve wall is provided in a portion that is not used as a room, and its length is not particularly limited, and can be set based on the module dimensions set in the building. It is possible. For example, a conventional Japanese building has a length of about 3 shaku (about 900 mm), and an industrialized house has a length of an integral multiple of 305 mm.
Alternatively, it is formed to have a length of about 1 m. Further, in the present invention, the sleeve wall of which the bearing wall forms a part does not particularly need to be finished, and the exposed bearing wall itself can also constitute the sleeve wall. In this case, a gap may be formed between the wall surface serving as the base of the sleeve wall and the bearing wall. The method of attaching the load-bearing wall is not particularly limited, and is preferably set as appropriate according to the height of the gradient beam (the length of the column). That is, when attaching a load-bearing wall, it is possible to share one pillar with the pillar on which the gradient beam is mounted and to attach the upper end of the other pillar to the gradient beam, and to attach both upper ends of the pair of pillars to the gradient beam. It is also possible to attach. And no matter which mounting method is adopted,
The function of the load-bearing wall can be exhibited well. Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the back of a shed structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the back of a cabin structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the plan of the third floor and the configuration of the roof using the back of the hut of the target house. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of beams and the arrangement of load-bearing walls on a sloped roof. FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the frame on the third floor. FIG. 5 is a view for explaining another example of the back of the hut structure. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the house adopting the backstory structure according to this embodiment is constituted as a three-story house having an L-shaped sloped roof D including a ridge roof C. The cabin back structure is configured as a living space on the third floor. As shown in FIG. 2B, the third floor of this building has two living rooms 31, a large space 33 including a stairway 32, and a veranda 34. A load-bearing wall A is provided on each of the outer walls of the living room 31 in a direction perpendicular to the ridge.
A bearing wall A is arranged between the living room 31 and the space 33 in a direction orthogonal to the ridge, and the bearing wall A is formed as a part of the sleeve wall 8 which also serves as a partition. A bearing wall A is provided in the space 33 near the stairs 32 in the sectional direction of the space 33, and the bearing wall A forms a part of the sleeve wall 8. Further, load-bearing walls A are arranged on the outer wall of the space 33 in a direction orthogonal to the ridge. As described above, the sleeve wall 8 is formed in the direction orthogonal to the roof ridge and on the indoor side, that is, in the cross-sectional direction of the space behind the cabin. As described above, the cabin back structure according to the present embodiment has the living room 31 and the space 33. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the frame for constructing the hut back structure includes a plurality of gradient beams 1 and 2, and a girder beam 3 for attaching lower end portions of these gradient beams 1 and 2. It has a plurality of load-bearing walls 5 provided between the beam 3 and the floor beam 4. The bearing wall 5 is arranged along the outer wall 6 and in a direction different from the direction in which the gradient beams 1 and 2 are arranged (gradient beams 1 and 2).
2), the upper end of the column member 5a is fixed to the girder beam 3, and the lower end portion is fixed to the floor beam 4, and the horizontal direction acting on these beams 3, 4 It is configured to be able to oppose the force of. The load-bearing wall 5 arranged at the gable portion is provided between the connecting beam 7 connecting the pair of opposed gradient beams 1 and the floor beam 4. As described above, the load-bearing wall A and the load-bearing wall 5 are arranged behind the hut in the target house. Bearing wall A
Are arranged below the gradient beams 1 and 2 in the same direction as the direction in which the gradient beams 1 and 2 are arranged. The load-bearing wall A is set so as to be able to oppose the thrust acting on the column member 5a supporting the ends of the gradient beams 1 and 2 and the horizontal force acting on the surface on which the gradient beams 1 and 2 are arranged. On the other hand, the bearing wall 5 is arranged along the outer wall 6 and is arranged in a direction different from the direction in which the gradient beams 1 and 2 are arranged, so that it can oppose a horizontal force acting on the position of the outer wall 6. Is set. The roof of the target building is configured as an L-shaped sloped roof D having a ridge roof C. The sloped beam 1 is arranged at a portion corresponding to the large roof where the height of the building is high. The gradient beam 2 is arranged at a portion corresponding to. These gradient beams 1 and 2 are disposed with the ridges 11 and 12 interposed therebetween, and the upper ends are joined to the ridges 11 and 12 by bolts or the like. The ridge 11 arranged on the large roof is supported by a plurality (three pairs in this embodiment) of the sloping beams 1 and has an end 11a.
Is extended to the top of the ridge roof C, and a pair of corner beams 13 and 14 constituting the ridge roof C are joined to the end 11a.
Therefore, the ridge 11 functions as a cantilever ridge, and can support the force acting on the corner beams 13 and 14 joined to the end 11a. As described above, the ridge 11 is made to function as a cantilever ridge, and the upper ends of the corner beams 13 and 14 are joined to and supported by the end 11a of the ridge 11 so as to correspond to the top of the ridge roof C. It is possible to configure the space behind the cabin without using underground pillars. For this reason, it is possible to realize a spacious and rational backyard space. The ridge 12 arranged on the small roof has an end 12a.
Are joined to and supported by the corner beams 14, and the upper end portion of the valley beam 15 is joined to this joint portion. The lower end portion of the valley beam 15 is joined to the girder beam 3, thereby connecting the large roof and the small roof. A description will be given of a structure in which the gradient beams 1 and 2 are supported by the load-bearing walls A arranged in the cross-sectional direction of the roof in the above-constructed cabin back structure. Referring to FIG. 1, a structure for supporting the gradient beam 1 will be described as a representative of the gradient beams 1 and 2. In the drawing, the load-bearing wall A has a pair of column members 21,
22 and two bearing members 23 are provided between the two pillars 21 and 22. This load-bearing member 23 is made of
a, a straight member 23b and a base 23c to form two isosceles triangular load-bearing elements.
Connected by connecting material 23d on the extension of b and base
23c is fixed to each of the column members 21 and 22. The column members 21 and 22 of the load-bearing wall A are
Are formed to have a length equal to the distance between the floor beam 4 and the gradient beam 1 at the position where the beam is to be arranged.
The number of the load-bearing members 23 is set in accordance with the length. That is, when the lengths of the column members 21 and 22 are long, a load-bearing wall A in which two sets of load-bearing members 23 are disposed is formed between them. Also pillar 2
When the lengths of the bearing members 1 and 22 are short, a bearing wall B (see FIG. 5) in which a pair of bearing members 23 are disposed is formed between them. The bearing wall 5 also has a structure similar to the bearing wall A. As described above, by arranging the load-bearing wall A along the gradient beam 1, the load-bearing wall A is disposed in the sectional direction of the space behind the hut, and the load-bearing wall A is attached to the gradient beam 1 and the floor beam 4. By fixing, it is possible to support the force acting on the gradient beam 1. That is, when the lower end of the gradient beam 1 is joined to the girder beam 3 and the upper end is joined to the opposing gradient beam 1 via the ridge 11, the gradient beam 1 is joined to the girder beam 3 by a force including weight. It is possible to restrict the rotation in the direction in which the upper end descends around the center, and to transmit the force acting at this time to the frame while supporting it. Therefore, the column member 5 a existing at the joint portion of the girder beam 3 at the lower end of the gradient beam 1 is not affected by the force acting on the gradient beam 1. That is, by supporting the thrust supposed to act on the column member 5a by the bearing wall A, it is possible to eliminate the effect of the bending moment on the column member 5a. For this reason, a vertical force acts on the column member 5a, and even if the height from the floor surface to the gradient beam 1 (the height of the space behind the hut) changes, the shape of the gradient roof D can be changed. As long as there is no change in the cross section, the cross-sectional area required for the column member 5a is not affected by the change. Therefore, even if the length of the pillar 5a changes with the height of the space behind the hut, the pillar 5
a can be constituted by a linear member, and the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of the column member 5a can be made constant. As a result, it is possible to realize the common use of the members used as the column members 5a. The upper and lower ends of the gradient beam 1 are ridge beams 1 respectively.
(1) Since the pins are joined to the girder beam 3 using bolts, the gradient beam 1 can be composed of linear members. FIG. 5 is a view for explaining another example of a bearing wall provided in the cross-sectional direction of the back space of the hut, which is the installation direction of the gradient beam 1, and the sleeve wall 8 which is part of the bearing wall. FIG. 3A shows a back of a cabin structure in which the height of the girder beam 3 is set low. The load-bearing wall B has a shorter length of the column members 21 and 22 corresponding to the height of the girder beam 3, and a pair of load-bearing members 23 is formed between the column members 21 and 22. ing. One pillar 21 of the load-bearing wall B is composed of the beam 3 and the floor beam 4.
And the upper and lower ends are fixed to both beams 3 and 4, and the other column member 22 is disposed between the gradient beam 1 and the floor beam 4 and the upper and lower ends are connected to these beams 3. , 4. Even in the back of the cabin structure constructed as described above, the force acting on the gradient beam 1 can be supported by the bearing wall B, and even if the thrust acts on the column member 21, the thrust is Can be supported by the load-bearing member 23 to apply a vertical force to the column member 21. For this reason, it is possible to configure the column member 21 with a linear member, and realize a common member that uses the column member 21 with a constant cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area. As shown in FIG. 5B, when the height of the girder beam 1 on a plane including the pair of gradient beams 1 is different, a load-bearing wall capable of coping with each height. By arranging A and B, the column members 5a and 21 fixed between the girder beam 3 and the floor beam 4 are constituted by linear members and the column members 5a, It is possible to realize a common member that uses the constant cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of 21. As described in detail above, in the cabin back structure according to the present invention, a bearing wall is provided in the cross section direction of the cabin back space, and a part of the sleeve wall is formed by the bearing wall. By restricting the connection between the gradient beam and the column, a behavior similar to that of the 3-hinge frame can be realized. For this reason, the space behind the hut can be configured without using the bundle columns. As described above, since the hut back structure can be realized without rigidly connecting the column and the gradient beam, the structure of the connecting portion between the column and the gradient beam can be simplified and the construction can be easily performed. You can do it. Further, since the column and the gradient beam are not rigidly connected, the weight of each member can be reduced. Further, even when the rising height of the sloped roof changes, only the vertical axial force can be applied to the pillar, and members having the same sectional area can be commonly used. Further, the gradient beam and the column can be configured by a wire, so that the respective materials can be shared. In particular, when the structural form of the other part of the building is a load-bearing wall structure, a common structural design method can be achieved, and the rigidity can be increased to improve the accuracy of column construction. . In addition, since a rigid frame structure is not used, it is possible to simplify the design of the joint between the brace material and the end of the gradient beam for securing the rigidity of the roof surface.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a cabin back structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a plan of a third floor and a configuration of a roof using the back of a hut of a target house. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of beams and an arrangement of load-bearing walls on a sloped roof. FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a frame on the third floor. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another example of the back of a hut structure. [Explanation of Signs] A, B Load-bearing wall C Building roof D Slope roof 1, 2 Gradient beam 1a, 2a End 3 Girder beam 4 Floor beam 5 Load-bearing wall 5a Column 6 Outer wall 7 Connecting beam 8 Sleeve wall 11, 12 Building beams 11a, 12a End portions 13, 14 Corner beams 15 Valley beams 21, 22 Column members 23 Strength members 23a Diagonal members 23b Straight members 23c Bases 23d Connecting members 31 Living rooms 32 Stairs 33 Space 34 Veranda

Claims (1)

Claims 1. A shed back structure using a plurality of gradient beams, wherein a plurality of load-bearing walls are provided in a cross-sectional direction, and the load-bearing walls form part of a sleeve wall. The hut back structure characterized by that.