JP2003265979A - Cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cut even an soft and elastic object into cut fine strips having uniform size without using an oily medium and being repelled and scattered. <P>SOLUTION: A V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 having a V-shaped inside cross section formed by reducing the diameter downward is erected freely rotatably in an adequate casing (not shown in the figure) to have the upper part as a treating material feed port 11 and the lower part as a discharge port 12 and to be driven by a drum driving apparatus 2. A columnar cutting edge element 3 provided with many turning chips 5 on its outer circumferential surface projectingly along the inner circumferential surface 15 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 is arranged freely rotatably by inclining a rotary axis Y. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing a work while shaving the work, and particularly to an improvement suitable for finely crushing a flexible viscoelastic material such as a foamed plastic material. Related to the crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste materials of expanded polystyrene products used for cushioning materials and food containers are bulky, so when they are discarded or recycled, they are finely crushed and then heated to be ingots for volume reduction processing. Is desirable. However, since styrofoam is rich in viscoelasticity, it cannot be easily broken by a conventional crushing type crusher, and it is difficult to obtain crushed pieces having a major axis of 10 to 15 mm or less,
Occasionally, there were problems such as the object popping off before being crushed and the crushed material being scattered.

Therefore, an improved device is proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-96532 or No. 121537. The former is a volume reduction method in which styrofoam lumps are crushed by a rotary crusher of a crushing method, then styrene foam is defoamed and shrunk by kneading and squeezing with a screw press in ester-based vegetable oil, and styrofoam crushed materials are ester-based vegetable oils. Jelly-like gelation, which is intended to retain and retain the molecular structure of Styrofoam, but in addition to the high cost factor of having to newly use ester vegetable oil, as the crushing method of Styrofoam mass, There was a problem that the conventional problem still remains.

The latter is a method of crushing styrofoam lumps by a crusher in which a pair of rotary drums with crushing blades are arranged so as to be semi-immersed in a medium such as heated kerosene to obtain a softened volume-reduced product in a heating medium. In this method, the rotating drum with a crushing blade is wetted with an oily medium to prevent scattering of the crushed material. In this case, although there is some consideration for scattering of crushed materials, the crushing principle is the same as before, so it is not possible to obtain crushed fragments of uniform size.
The problems mentioned above remain.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even an object having flexibility and viscoelasticity which is difficult to be crushed by a conventional crushing type crusher is oily. Provided is a crusher based on a novel crushing principle, which is capable of forming crushed fine particles having uniform particles without using a medium and without splashing and scattering.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above problem is caused by a columnar cutting element in which a V-shaped drum having an internal cross-section whose diameter is reduced downward is rotatably erected and a large number of turning chips are provided on the outer peripheral surface. By the crusher of the present invention, which is arranged to be rotatable along the inner circumference of the drum,
Can be resolved.

In the crusher of the present invention, the drum and the cutting element are rotationally driven in the same direction, and the rotational speed of the cutting element is set to be higher than the rotational speed of the drum. Crusher,
Alternatively, the crusher is preferably embodied as a form in which a spiral ridge for guiding a crushed object downward is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the drum.

Further, in the present invention, the cutting element is provided with a slender metal bar having a plurality of turning tips projecting in a row and detachably attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element. Can be most preferably embodied as a crusher in a form in which the above is projected from the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element.

According to the present invention, when a flexible and viscoelastic object to be crushed, for example, a Styrofoam lump is charged from an upper charging port of a drum whose inner or inner cross section is V-shaped, the styrofoam lump is By a large number of turning tips that are caught between the rotating drum inner surface and the cutting element that rotates at a relatively high speed than the drum, and that project on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element,
By continuously cutting, crushed pieces of uniform size can be taken out from the lower discharge port of the V-shaped drum.

The crusher of the present invention is named because it is based on the principle of crushing an object while cutting it, and it is of a crushing type that works so as to crush between a pair of conventional rotary drums. It should be noted that the crushing principle is different from the crusher.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of a crusher of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1 showing an example of the crusher of the present invention, first, a V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 having a V-shaped internal cross-section that is reduced in diameter is rotatably set up in an appropriate casing (not shown). The upper part is used as the processing material input port 11 and the lower part is used as the discharge port 12. In FIG. 1, a wheel gear 1 is provided below the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1.
3 is provided and is set to rotate about a vertical axis by a worm 22 driven by an electric motor 21 of the drum driving device 2. On the upper portion of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1, a proper number of guide rollers 14 and 14 arranged so as to smoothly maintain the rotation are supported by a casing (not shown).

The inner peripheral surface 1 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1
5, a columnar cutting element 3 having a large number of turning chips 5 protruding from the outer peripheral surface is arranged rotatably in the vertical direction, that is, the inner peripheral surface 15 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1.
The rotation axis Y is arranged to be inclined from the vertical according to the inclination, and a space for crushing the object to be treated is provided between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 and the turning tip 5. There is a feature of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the cutting element 3
Is set to rotate by a bevel gear 42 driven by an electric motor 41 of the cutting element driving device 4 with respect to a bevel gear 32 provided on a shaft protruding from the lower portion.

In FIG. 1, the distance between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 and the tips of the many turning chips 5 provided on the cutting element 3 is set so as to obtain the best crushing result. The value may be set to a constant value, or the upper part and the lower part may be changed.

In the crusher of the present invention, the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 and the cutting element 3 are rotationally driven in the same direction, and the rotation speed of the cutting element 3 is higher than that of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1. As described above, for example, when the rotation speed of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 is X rpm and the rotation speed of the cutting element 3 is Y rpm, Y is 20 rpm or more, and it is often set to 1 to 45 times X. The rotation speed was suitable for various types of objects. An example of the combination was X = 50 rpm and maximum Y = 900 rpm, but it is selected according to the object.

The inner peripheral surface 15 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1
The spiral ridge 16 that guides the object to be ground downward.
It is particularly preferable to form a and 16b. In the case of FIG. 1, the spiral ridges 16a and 16b are formed in the direction in which the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, but the number, spacing, and inclination of the spiral ridges 16a and 16b. Etc. are appropriately set according to the object.

According to this embodiment, the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1
If a styrofoam block is charged from the upper charging port 11 of
The styrofoam block has the inner peripheral surface 1 of the rotating drum.
5 and the cutting element 3 that rotates at a relatively higher speed than the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1, and is cut by a large number of turning tips 5 protruding on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element 3, The crushed pieces having a relatively uniform size can be taken out from the lower outlet 12 of the V-shaped cylindrical drum 1.

As described above, since the crusher of the present invention is mechanically constructed, it is possible to crush Styrofoam or the like into small pieces without using an oily medium or the like which may alter the molecular structure. Since the polymer structure is retained as it is, it is suitable as a reuse raw material for recycling.

Next, the cutting element 3 of the present invention
The projecting structure of the turning tip 5 will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting element 3 of the present invention comprises
It is composed of a cylindrical or cylindrical cutting element body 30 which is rotationally driven by the above-mentioned rotation axis Y, and a mounting bar 51 to which the turning tip 5 mounted on this body is fixed. The mounting bar 51 is formed from a steel material having a substantially T-shaped cross section, and a plurality of turning chips 5 are arranged along the tip of the ridge portion 51a corresponding to the T-shaped leg to form a tapped plate. 5a is used and fixed with screws. Then, the attachment hole 51b is formed at the top end of the attachment bar 51.
However, a retaining slit 51c is provided at the lower end.

On the other hand, this cutting element body 3
On the outer periphery of 0, a plurality of mounting grooves 31 for mounting the mounting bar 51 to which the turning tip 5 is fixed are formed along the axial direction. The mounting groove 31 has a cross section formed as a T-shaped space into which the mounting bar 51 can be inserted from above. Therefore, the mounting bar 51 is inserted from above the mounting groove 31 to form a knock pin 3 projecting downward.
1b is fitted with a retaining slit 51c on the side of the mounting bar 51 and is screwed into the screw hole 31a on the side of the main body by using the upper mounting hole 51b. It can be fixed at 30. To remove it, the above procedure may be reversed.

Thus, according to the protruding structure of the turning chips 5 of the present invention, an arbitrary number of turning chips 5 are fixed in a row,
A protruding metal mounting bar 51 having a substantially T-shaped cross section
Can be attached and detached by inserting it into the mounting groove 31 of the cutting element main body 30 or by pulling it out upward to remove it. Can be performed extremely easily. Further, by preparing in advance the size and size of the type and shape of the turning tip 5 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element, it is easy to change the crushing performance depending on the purpose. It has the advantage that it can be applied to, and the size of the crushed pieces can be changed as desired.

In the above description, the Styrofoam material has been described as a typical object to be treated, but the present invention is not limited to a dedicated crushing machine, but a high Styrofoam, a low Styrofoam, or an ethylene-based material. It is also applicable to foamed synthetic resins, general plastic materials, gypsum boards, corrugated cardboard, etc.Also, crushing composite materials such as automobile synthetic materials, synthetic resin sheets coated on the core material of foamed synthetic resins used for dashboards, etc. Can also be suitably applied.

[0023]

Since the crusher of the present invention is constructed as described above, even if it is a flexible and viscoelastic object,
It is possible to make crushed fine particles with uniform particles without using an oily medium and without splashing, which can greatly contribute to the recycling of viscoelastic waste such as Styrofoam waste. There is an excellent effect. Therefore, the present invention has an extremely great practical value as a crusher that solves the conventional problems.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cutaway perspective view for explaining a crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway exploded perspective view showing a cutting element of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 V-shaped cylindrical drum, 11 inlet, 12 outlet, 1
3 wheel gears, 14 guide rollers, 15 inner peripheral surface, 2 drum driving device, 21 electric motor, 22 worm, 3 cutting element, 31 mounting groove, 3
2 bevel gears, 4 cutting element drive, 41
Electric motor, 42 bevel gears, 5 turning tips, 51 mounting bar, Y rotating shaft.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Iwao Nohara             2-25 Komabacho, Nakatsugawa City, Gifu Prefecture Co., Ltd.             Within Daisen (72) Inventor Akira Hayashi             2-25 Komabacho, Nakatsugawa City, Gifu Prefecture Co., Ltd.             Within Daisen (72) Inventor Koji Baba             8-120 Komaki, Komaki City, Aichi Prefecture F-term (reference) 4D065 CA07 CB01 CC06 DD05 DD24                       DD30 EB14 EB20 ED06 ED16                       ED27 EE01 EE11

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A drum having a V-shaped internal cross section, which is reduced in diameter downward, is rotatably erected, and a columnar cutting element having a large number of turning tips projecting on its outer peripheral surface is rotated along the inner periphery of the drum. A crusher characterized by being arranged freely. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the drum and the cutting element are rotationally driven in the same direction, and the rotational speed of the cutting element is set to be higher than the rotational speed of the drum. 3. The spiral ridge for guiding the crushed material downward is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the drum.
Or the crusher described in 2. 4. A slender metal bar having a plurality of turning tips projecting in a row is detachably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element, and the turning tips are projected from the outer peripheral surface of the cutting element. Item 1 or 2
Or the crusher described in 3.