JP2003258770A - Transmitter - Google Patents
TransmitterInfo
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- JP2003258770A JP2003258770A JP2002058276A JP2002058276A JP2003258770A JP 2003258770 A JP2003258770 A JP 2003258770A JP 2002058276 A JP2002058276 A JP 2002058276A JP 2002058276 A JP2002058276 A JP 2002058276A JP 2003258770 A JP2003258770 A JP 2003258770A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- directivity
- directivity forming
- channel response
- directivities
- antenna elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Radio Transmission System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、送信装置に関し、
特に、基地局から端末へ送信する信号の伝送容量を増や
すことのできる送信装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmitter,
In particular, the present invention relates to a transmission device capable of increasing the transmission capacity of a signal transmitted from a base station to a terminal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】１つの基地局が多数のユーザと通信を行
う無線通信として、移動通信がある。近年、この移動通
信の普及に伴い、無線通信ユーザが急速に増加してい
る。また、近年、マルチメデイア通信の普及に伴い、通
信される情報量も急速に増加している。かかる無線ユー
ザの増加および通信される情報量の増加に対処するため
には、多数のユーサが通信を行うための広い帯域が必要
であるが、無線周波数資源は限られているため、現在、
周波数をより有効に利用することが求められている。2. Description of the Related Art Mobile communication is one type of wireless communication in which one base station communicates with many users. In recent years, with the spread of this mobile communication, the number of wireless communication users has been rapidly increasing. In addition, in recent years, with the spread of multimedia communication, the amount of information to be communicated has rapidly increased. In order to cope with such an increase in the number of wireless users and an increase in the amount of information to be communicated, a wide band for many users to perform communication is required, but since radio frequency resources are limited,
There is a demand for more efficient use of frequencies.
【０００３】周波数を有効に利用する方式としては、通
信用に割り当てられた周波数を細かく分割し、これを複
数のユーザに割り当てて通信を行う周波数分割多重アク
セス方式（ＦＤＭＡ）、周波数チャネルを時間的に分割
し、これを複数のユーザに割り当てて通信を行う時間分
割多重アクセス方式（ＴＤＭＡ）、各ユーザに他の符号
と直交性のある固有の符号を割り当て、帯域内に信号を
拡散させて通信を行う符号分割多量アクセス方式（ＣＤ
ＭＡ）などが提案され、実際のシステムで使用されてい
る。As a method for effectively using the frequency, a frequency division multiple access method (FDMA) in which the frequency assigned for communication is finely divided and this is assigned to a plurality of users for communication, and frequency channels are temporally used. Time division multiple access method (TDMA) in which the communication is performed by allocating it to a plurality of users and assigning a unique code that is orthogonal to other codes to each user and spreading the signal within the band for communication. Code division mass access method (CD
MA) has been proposed and used in an actual system.
【０００４】空間分割多重伝送方式（Ｓｐａｃｅ Ｄｉ
ｖｉｓｉｏｎ Ｍｕ１１ｉｐ１ｅｘ：ＳＤＭ）も、これ
らの方式と同様に、周波数を有効に利用する方式とし
て、提案されている方式である。Space division multiplex transmission system (Space Di)
The vision Mu11ip1ex (SDM) is also a method proposed as a method for effectively using frequencies, like these methods.
【０００５】この空間分割多重伝送方式とは、移動通信
で一般的に生じるマルチパス環境の下、限られた帯域で
情報の伝送容量を増加させる方式であって、基地局およ
び端末に複数のアンテナを配置し、各アンテナから互い
に異なる信号を同時に送信し、端末側の複数のアンテナ
アレーの指向性により、この同時に送信された複数の異
なる信号を空間的に分離し受信する方式である（参考文
献：例えば、Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄ ｖａｎ Ｎｅｅ、Ａｌｌ
ｅｒｔ ｖａｎ Ｚｅｓｌｔ ａｎｄ Ｇｅｅｒｔ Ａ
ｗａｔｅｒ、“Ｍａｘｉｍｕｍ Ｌｉｋｅｌｉｈｏｏｄ
Ｄｅｃｏｄｉｎｇ ｉｎ ａ Ｓｐａｃｅ Ｄｉｖｉ
ｓｉｏｎ Ｍｕ１１ｉｐ１ｅｘ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ”、ＩＥ
ＥＥ５１ｓｔ ＶＴＣ ２０００−Ｓｐｒｉｎｇ ｖｏ
ｌ．１、ｐｐ．６−１０、Ｍａｙ ２０００ Ｔｏｋｙ
ｏ、Ｊａｐａｎ）。The space division multiplex transmission system is a system for increasing the transmission capacity of information in a limited band under a multipath environment generally occurring in mobile communication, and a plurality of antennas are provided in a base station and a terminal. Are arranged to transmit different signals simultaneously from each antenna, and the plurality of different signals transmitted at the same time are spatially separated and received by the directivity of a plurality of antenna arrays on the terminal side (references). : For example, Richard van Nee, All
ert van Zeslt and Geert A
water, “Maximum Likelihood
Decoding in a Space Divi
sion Mu11ip1ex System ”, IE
EE51st VTC 2000-Spring vo
l. 1, pp. 6-10, May 2000 Tokyo
o, Japan).
【０００６】なお、ＳＤＭのように基地局と端末のアン
テナをアレーとする構成は、一般に、ＭＩＭＯ（Ｍｕｌ
ｔｉ Ｉｎｐｕｔ Ｍｕｌｔｉ Ｏｕｔｐｕｔ）構成と
言われる。[0006] Incidentally, the configuration in which the antennas of the base station and the terminal are arranged as an array like SDM is generally MIMO (Mul).
It is referred to as a ti Input Multi Output) configuration.
【０００７】図６は、従来のＳＤＭの構成例を示す図で
ある。６−１は基地局のアンテナ、６−２は信号を各素
子へ分配する信号分配装置、６−３は基地局装置、６−
４は端末のアンテナ、６−５は信号復号装置、６−６は
端末である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional SDM. 6-1 is an antenna of the base station, 6-2 is a signal distribution device that distributes a signal to each element, 6-3 is a base station device, 6-
Reference numeral 4 is a terminal antenna, 6-5 is a signal decoding device, and 6-6 is a terminal.
【０００８】図６における基地局の各アンテナ素子から
送信された信号Ｓ1〜Ｓｎは、マルチパス伝搬路を通し
て端末に到来する。端末において信号Ｓ1〜Ｓｎを復号
するためには、基地局の各アンテナと端末のアンテナ間
のチャネル応答を推定すればよい。Signals S 1 to Sn transmitted from each antenna element of the base station in FIG. 6 arrive at the terminal through the multipath propagation path. In order to decode the signals S 1 to Sn at the terminal, the channel response between each antenna of the base station and the antenna of the terminal may be estimated.
【０００９】この基地局の各アンテナと端末アンテナ間
のチャネル応答は、例えば、基地局において、各アンテ
ナから端末に対し異なるタイミングでトレーニング信号
を送信した後、端末において、このトレーニング信号と
受信する基地局の各アンテナからの信号との相関をとれ
ばよい。Regarding the channel response between each antenna of the base station and the terminal antenna, for example, after the base station transmits a training signal from each antenna to the terminal at different timings, the terminal receives the training signal and the base station which receives the training signal. The correlation with the signal from each antenna of the station may be taken.
【００１０】以上説明したように、上記従来のＳＤＭを
用いれば、周波数帯域を広げることなく、基地局または
端末のいずれかアンテナ素子数の少ない方のアンテナの
数だけ、信号を多重して伝送することが、理想的には可
能である。As described above, if the conventional SDM is used, signals are multiplexed and transmitted by the number of antennas having the smaller number of antenna elements, either the base station or the terminal, without widening the frequency band. That is ideally possible.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来のＳ
ＤＭでは、基地局にアレーアンテナを配置しているが、
このアレーアンテナを構成する各アンテナ素子からは、
異なる信号が送信される。したがって、上記基地局のア
レーアンテナでは、指向性の形成ができない。However, the above-mentioned conventional S
In DM, an array antenna is arranged in the base station,
From each antenna element that makes up this array antenna,
Different signals are sent. Therefore, the array antenna of the base station cannot form directivity.
【００１２】また、通常、アレーアンテナを構成するア
ンテナには、放射特性のほぼ等しいアンテナが用いられ
る。したがって、上記従来のＳＤＭにおける、指向性を
形成することができないアレーアンテナの各アンテナ素
子から送信された信号は、ほほ同じ伝搬経路を通って端
末に到来する。よって、上記従来のＳＤＭでは、端末に
おいて多重化された信号を分離する際に、分離特性が劣
化するという問題があった。[0012] Usually, as antennas forming the array antenna, antennas having substantially the same radiation characteristics are used. Therefore, the signals transmitted from the respective antenna elements of the array antenna that cannot form directivity in the conventional SDM described above arrive at the terminal through almost the same propagation path. Therefore, in the conventional SDM, there is a problem that the separation characteristic deteriorates when the multiplexed signal is separated in the terminal.
【００１３】そこで、本発明は、かかる事情に鑑み、Ｓ
ＤＭにおいて、上記分離特性を向上することができる送
信装置を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, in view of the above situation, the present invention uses the S
It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmitter that can improve the separation characteristics in DM.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、上記課
題は、前記特許請求の範囲に記載の手段により解決され
る。すなわち、請求項１に記載の発明は、Ｍ個（Ｍは２
以上の整数）のアンテナ素子を備える送信装置とＮ個
（Ｎは２以上の整数）のアンテナ素子を備える受信装置
とが、空間分割多重伝送方式（ＳＤＭ）で通信する通信
システムにおける、前記送信装置であって、According to the present invention, the above problems can be solved by the means described in the claims. That is, the invention according to claim 1 is M pieces (M is 2
The transmitting device in a communication system in which a transmitting device having the above-mentioned integer) antenna elements and a receiving device having N (N is an integer not less than 2) antenna elements communicate in the space division multiplex transmission system (SDM). And
【００１５】前記送信装置が備えるＭ個のアンテナ素子
にそれぞれ接続され、ｋ個の指向性を形成するｋ個の指
向性形成装置と、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続さ
れ、指向性形成装置の指向性を制御する指向性制御装置
と、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続され、入力される
送信信号に対して直並列変換や多値化などの処理を施
し、これを前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に出力する信号分
配装置と、Directivity forming is performed by connecting k directivity forming devices that are respectively connected to M antenna elements included in the transmitting device to form k directivities, and are connected to the k directivity forming devices. The directivity control device for controlling the directivity of the device and the k directivity forming devices are connected to perform a process such as serial-parallel conversion or multi-value conversion on an input transmission signal, A signal distribution device for outputting to each directivity forming device,
【００１６】前記受信装置から送信される、前記受信装
置が備えるチャネル応答推定装置により推定された、前
記送信装置の各アンテナ素子と前記受信装置の各アンテ
ナ素子の間のチャネル応答を受信するチャネル応答受信
装置と、を備え、A channel response for receiving the channel response between each antenna element of the transmitting device and each antenna element of the receiving device, which is transmitted from the receiving device and estimated by the channel response estimating device included in the receiving device. A receiving device,
【００１７】前記指向性制御装置は、前記受信したチャ
ネル応答を要素とするＮ×Ｍの大きさの行列Ａを用いＡ
HＡ（Hはエルミート変換）の行列から複数の固有ベクト
ルを算出する算出手段と、The directivity control device uses a matrix A of size N × M having the received channel response as an element, and A
Calculating means for calculating a plurality of eigenvectors from a matrix of H A ( H is Hermitian transformation);
【００１８】前記算出手段により算出した複数の固有ベ
クトルを固有値の大きい方から順にｋ個選択する選択手
段と、前記選択手段により選択されたｋ個の固有ベクト
ルで定まるｋ個の指向性を、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置
が形成するｋ個の指向性として設定する手段と、を有す
ることを特徴とする送信装置である。The selecting means for selecting k eigenvectors calculated by the calculating means in order from the one having the largest eigenvalue, and the k directivity determined by the k eigenvectors selected by the selecting means are k And a means for setting as k directivities formed by the directivity forming apparatus of.
【００１９】請求項２に記載の発明は、Ｍ個（Ｍは２以
上の整数）のアンテナ素子を備える送信装置とＮ個（Ｎ
は２以上の整数）のアンテナ素子を備える受信装置と
が、空間分割多重伝送方式（ＳＤＭ）で通信する通信シ
ステムにおける、前記送信装置であって、According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are N (N) transmission devices equipped with M (M is an integer of 2 or more) antenna elements.
Is an integer greater than or equal to 2), and the receiving device provided with the antenna element is a transmitting device in the communication system which communicates by a space division multiplex transmission system (SDM),
【００２０】前記送信装置が備えるＭ個のアンテナ素子
にそれぞれ接続され、ｋ個（ｋは２以上の整数）の指向
性を形成するｋ個の指向性形成装置と、前記ｋ個の指向
性形成装置に接続され、指向性形成装置の指向性を制御
する指向性制御装置と、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接
続され、入力される送信信号に対して直並列変換や多値
化などの処理を施し、これを前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置
に出力する信号分配装置と、前記送信装置の各アンテナ
素子と前記受信装置の各アンテナ素子の間のチャネル応
答を推定するチャネル応答推定装置と、を備え、K directivity forming devices which are respectively connected to M antenna elements provided in the transmitting device and form k directivity (k is an integer of 2 or more), and the k directivity forming devices. A directivity control device that is connected to the device and controls the directivity of the directivity forming device; and a directivity control device that is connected to the k directivity forming devices and that performs serial-parallel conversion, multi-value conversion, or the like on an input transmission signal. A signal distribution device that performs processing and outputs the processed signal to the k directivity forming devices; and a channel response estimation device that estimates a channel response between each antenna element of the transmission device and each antenna element of the reception device. ,,
【００２１】前記指向性制御装置は、前記チャネル応答
推定装置により推定したチャネル応答を要素とするＮ×
Ｍの大きさの行列Ａを用いＡHＡ（Hはエルミート変換）
の行列から複数の固有ベクトルを算出する算出手段と、
前記算出手段により算出した複数の固有ベクトルを固有
値の大きい方から順にｋ個選択する選択手段と、前記選
択手段により選択されたｋ個の固有ベクトルで定まるｋ
個の指向性を、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置が形成するｋ
個の指向性として設定する手段と、を有することを特徴
とする送信装置である。The directivity control device has N × having the channel response estimated by the channel response estimation device as an element.
A H A ( H is Hermitian transformation) using matrix A of size M
Calculating means for calculating a plurality of eigenvectors from the matrix of
A selecting unit that selects k eigenvectors calculated by the calculating unit in order from the largest eigenvalue, and k determined by the k eigenvectors selected by the selecting unit.
K directivities are formed by the k directivity forming devices.
And a means for setting as individual directivity.
【００２２】一般に、ＳＤＭにおいては、複数の伝搬方
向が存在する。この伝搬方向の数をｋ個とすると、本発
明に係る送信装置は、ｋ個の指向性形成装置を備える。
すなわち、本発明に係る送信装置は、ＳＤＭにおける伝
搬方向に対応する数の指向性形成装置を備える。Generally, in SDM, there are a plurality of propagation directions. Assuming that the number of propagation directions is k, the transmitting device according to the present invention includes k directivity forming devices.
That is, the transmitting apparatus according to the present invention includes a number of directivity forming apparatuses corresponding to the propagation direction in SDM.
【００２３】本発明によれば、ＳＤＭにおいて使用され
る複数の指向性は、基地局と端末とが有する素子間のチ
ャネル応答に基づき設定される。したがって、本発明に
係る送信装置を用いれば、ＳＤＭの端末における分離特
性を向上させることができる。According to the present invention, the plurality of directivities used in SDM are set based on the channel response between the elements of the base station and the terminal. Therefore, by using the transmitting apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the separation characteristic in the SDM terminal.
【００２４】以下に、指向性の決定の有効性に関する原
理について述べる。送信信号をＳ（ｔ）、指向性形成装
置の量みベクトルをｗ、雑音をｎ、端末アンテナでの受
信信号ベクトルをｒとすると、受信信号ｒは以下の式で
表される。The principle regarding the effectiveness of the directivity determination will be described below. When the transmission signal is S (t), the weight vector of the directivity forming device is w, the noise is n, and the reception signal vector at the terminal antenna is r, the reception signal r is represented by the following equation.
【００２５】[0025]
【数１】 ただし、[Equation 1] However,
【００２６】[0026]
【数２】 [Equation 2]
【００２７】[0027]
【数３】 [Equation 3]
【００２８】[0028]
【数４】
ここで、端末のアンテナにおいて、送信信号に対して最
大比合成受信を行う場合、端末アンテナアレーのウェイ
トは（ＡＷH）で表されるため、最大比合成受信時の端
末での出力信号ｙは、[Equation 4] Here, in the antenna of the terminal, when the maximum ratio combining reception to the transmission signal, because the weight of the terminal antenna array represented by (AW H), the output signal y of the terminal at the maximum ratio combining reception ,
【００２９】[0029]
【数５】
となる。ここで、行列ＡHＡは非負のエルミート行列で
ある。よって、出力ｙの希望波成分を最大とするために
は、数５のＡHＡの最大圃有値に対応する固有ベクトル
を用いればよい、[Equation 5] Becomes Here, the matrix A H A is a non-negative Hermitian matrix. Therefore, in order to maximize the desired wave component of the output y, it is sufficient to use the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum farm value of A H A in the equation 5.
【００３０】また、ｎ番目に大きい固有値に対応する固
有ベクトルを重みとする放射特性は、ｎ−１番目までの
圃有値に対応する固有ベクトルを重みとした放射特性と
直交する特性を有するため、このような指向性を基地局
に順次与えることにより、その直交性から、異なる信号
系列の分離特性がよくなる。Since the radiation characteristic with the eigenvector corresponding to the nth largest eigenvalue as the weight has a characteristic orthogonal to the radiation characteristic with the eigenvectors corresponding to the n-1th field-owned values as the weight, By sequentially giving such directivity to the base station, due to its orthogonality, the separation characteristics of different signal sequences are improved.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に、添付図面を参照しつつ、
本発明に係る適応アレーアンテナ装置の好適な実施の形
態を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Below, referring to the attached drawings,
A preferred embodiment of the adaptive array antenna apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.
【００３２】図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る
送信装置を示す図である。図１に示す送信装置を備えた
基地局は、受信装置を備えた端末と通信する。図１にお
いて、１−１は送信装置アンテナ素子、１−２は指向性
形成装置、１−３は信号分配装置、１−４は指向性制御
装置、１−５は送信装置、１−６は受信装置アンテナ素
子、１、７はチャネル応答推定装置、１−８は受信装置
である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a transmitting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The base station including the transmitting device illustrated in FIG. 1 communicates with the terminal including the receiving device. 1, 1-1 is a transmitting device antenna element, 1-2 is a directivity forming device, 1-3 is a signal distribution device, 1-4 is a directivity control device, 1-5 is a transmitting device, and 1-6 is Receiving device antenna elements, 1 and 7 are channel response estimating devices, and 1-8 is a receiving device.
【００３３】基地局は、各アンテナからトレーニング信
号を順次信号を送信し、端末は、各アンテナを介して該
送信されたトレーニング信号を受信する。端末に配置さ
れたチャネル応答推定装置は、この受信したトレーニン
グ信号を用いて、基地局の各アンテナと端末の各アンテ
ナ間のチャネル応答を推定する。ここで、基地局のｉ番
目の素子と端末のｋ番目の素子間のチャネル応答はaik
と表記する。The base station sequentially transmits the training signal from each antenna, and the terminal receives the transmitted training signal via each antenna. The channel response estimation device arranged in the terminal estimates the channel response between each antenna of the base station and each antenna of the terminal using the received training signal. Here, the channel response between the i-th element of the base station and the k-th element of the terminal is a ik
It is written as.
【００３４】端末は、推定したチャネル応答を基地局へ
返送する。返送されたチャネル応答の情報は、基地局の
チャネル応答情報受信手段により受信された後、指向性
制御装置に入力される。The terminal returns the estimated channel response to the base station. The returned channel response information is received by the channel response information receiving means of the base station and then input to the directivity control device.
【００３５】なお、本実施の形態においては、端末がチ
ャネル応答推定装置を備えているが、このチャネル応答
推定装置は、基地局が備えてもよい。この場合、基地局
が備えるチャネル応答推定装置は、端末から送信される
信号に基づいて基地局の各アンテナと端末の各アンテナ
間のチャネル応答を推定し、この推定したチャネル応答
の情報を指向性制御装置へ出力する。In this embodiment, the terminal is provided with the channel response estimation device, but this channel response estimation device may be provided in the base station. In this case, the channel response estimation device included in the base station estimates the channel response between each antenna of the base station and each antenna of the terminal based on the signal transmitted from the terminal, and directs the estimated channel response information to directivity. Output to control device.
【００３６】基地局は、数６に示すチャネル応答行列の
積で与えられる行列の固有値及び固有ベクトルを求め、
固有べクトルの値を各アンテナの指向性のウェイトとし
て、固有値の大きな方から順次、指向性形成装置に与え
る。The base station obtains the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix given by the product of the channel response matrices shown in Equation 6,
The value of the eigenvector is given as the weight of the directivity of each antenna to the directivity forming device in order from the one with the largest eigenvalue.
【００３７】すなわち、基地局の送信装置は、得られた
複数の固有ベクトルを固有値の大きい方から順にｋ個選
択し、それらｋ個の固有ベクトルで定まる指向性をｋ個
の指向性形成装置の指向性として設定する。That is, the transmitter of the base station selects k eigenvectors in order from the one having the largest eigenvalue, and determines the directivity determined by the k eigenvectors as the directivity of the k directivity forming devices. Set as.
【００３８】[0038]
【数６】
直並列変換装置は、送信信号を入力され、この送信信号
を並列変換し、各指向性形成装置へ出力する。この送信
信号は、各指向性形成装置への出力に際し、必ずしも等
分配される必要はない。また、直並列変換装置は、並列
変換した送信信号を多値変調を行う信号分配装置へ出力
してもよい。この場合、信号分配装置は、入力された送
信信号に多値変調を施した後、これを各指向性形成装置
へ出力する。[Equation 6] The serial-parallel converter receives the transmission signal, parallel-converts the transmission signal, and outputs it to each directivity forming device. This transmission signal does not necessarily have to be equally distributed when output to each directivity forming device. Further, the serial-parallel conversion device may output the parallel-converted transmission signal to a signal distribution device that performs multi-level modulation. In this case, the signal distribution device performs multilevel modulation on the input transmission signal, and then outputs this to each directivity forming device.
【００３９】図２は、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る
送信装置を示す図である。送信装置には、指向性形成装
置２−２が一つだけ配置され、信号分配装置２−３は、
信号を１６ＱＡＭ変調信号に変換している。ここでは、
基地局アンテナの素子数を２素子、端末の素子数を２素
子としている。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmitting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Only one directivity forming device 2-2 is arranged in the transmission device, and the signal distribution device 2-3 is
The signal is converted to a 16QAM modulated signal. here,
The base station antenna has two elements, and the terminal has two elements.
【００４０】端末は、求めた基地局の各アンテナと端末
の各アンテナの間のチャネル応答を、アップリンク信号
などで基地局に返送する。図３は、第２の実施の形態に
おける送信電力と平均誤り率の関係のシミュレーション
結果を示す図である。ここで、送信電力は、無指向性ア
ンテナ１素子について平均Ｅs／Ｎ0（多値化された信号
の電力と雑音電力の比）が０ｄＢとなるときの送信電力
で規格化した総送信電力である。The terminal returns the obtained channel response between each antenna of the base station and each antenna of the terminal to the base station as an uplink signal or the like. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the relationship between the transmission power and the average error rate in the second embodiment. Here, the transmission power is the total transmission power standardized by the transmission power when the average E s / N 0 (ratio of the power of the multilevel signal to the noise power) is 0 dB for one element of the omnidirectional antenna. Is.
【００４１】伝搬環境は、各送信・受信アンテナごとに
独立な準性的レイリーフェージングとした。また、各素
子間のチャネル応答行列Ａは既知とした。比較のため
に、送信装置の各アンテナから異なる信号を送信して端
末のアレーアンテナで受信する従来のＳＤＭを用いたと
きの誤り率特性も第３図に併せて示す。The propagation environment is quasi-Rayleigh fading independent for each transmitting / receiving antenna. Further, the channel response matrix A between each element is known. For comparison, FIG. 3 also shows the error rate characteristics when the conventional SDM in which different signals are transmitted from each antenna of the transmitter and received by the array antenna of the terminal is used.
【００４２】このＳＤＭによる伝送容量は、本実施の形
態における伝送容量と等しくしている。図３に示すよう
に、本発明によれば、誤り率１０3を得る送信電力を１
５ｄＢ以上低減できる。The transmission capacity by this SDM is made equal to the transmission capacity in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, according to the present invention, the transmission power for obtaining an error rate of 10 3 is 1
It can be reduced by 5 dB or more.
【００４３】図４は、本発明の第３の実施の形態を示す
図である。図４においては、送信装置には、指向性形成
装置が２つ配置されており（４−２−１、４−２−
２）、一方の指向性形成装置４−２−１の重みには最大
固有値に対応する固有ベクトルを用い、他方の指向性形
成装置４−２−２の重みには２番目に大きい固有値に対
応する固有ベクトルを用いている。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, two directivity forming devices are arranged in the transmitting device (4-2-1, 4-2).
2), the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue is used for the weight of one directivity forming device 4-2-1, and the second largest eigenvalue is used for the weight of the other directivity forming device 4-2-2. The eigenvector is used.
【００４４】図５は、第３の実施の形態における送信電
力と平均誤り率の関係のシミュレーション結果を示す図
である。ここで、送信装置の素子数は４である。信号分
配装置は、指向性形成装置４−２−１（最大固有値に対
応する固有ベクトルを重みとしたビーム）へ６４ＱＡＭ
で変調した信号を出力し、指向性形成装置４−２−２
（第２固有値に対応する固有ベクトルを重みとしたビー
ム）へＱＰＳＫで変調した信号を出力している。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the relationship between the transmission power and the average error rate in the third embodiment. Here, the number of elements of the transmitter is four. The signal distributor transmits 64QAM to the directivity forming device 4-2-1 (beam that weights the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue).
The signal modulated by is output and the directivity forming device 4-2-2
A signal modulated by QPSK is output to (a beam weighted with an eigenvector corresponding to the second eigenvalue).
【００４５】その他の計算条件は図３の場合と同様であ
る。比較として、４素子を用いたＳＤＭでの結果、およ
び第２の実施の形態の構成で２５６ＱＡＭ変調した信号
を送信した場合の結果を、図５に併せて示す。ここで
も、３つの構成の場合の総伝送容量は同じとなってい
る。The other calculation conditions are the same as in the case of FIG. As a comparison, FIG. 5 also shows the result of SDM using four elements and the result of the case of transmitting a 256QAM-modulated signal in the configuration of the second embodiment. Here again, the total transmission capacity in the case of the three configurations is the same.
【００４６】図５より、本実施の形態のように、送信装
置に２つの指向性形成回路を配置し、固有値の大きい順
に固有ベクトルを指向性形成装置の重みとすることによ
って伝送特性が改善できることがわかる。本実施の形態
では、最大固有値に対する指向性形成装置と他方の指向
性形成装置に入力する信号の多値度が６４ＱＡＭとＱＰ
ＳＫと異なるが、これは１６ＱＡＭと１６ＱＡＭのよう
に同等にしてもよい。As shown in FIG. 5, the transmission characteristic can be improved by arranging two directivity forming circuits in the transmitting apparatus and setting the eigenvector as the weight of the directivity forming apparatus in descending order of the eigenvalue, as in this embodiment. Recognize. In the present embodiment, the multi-valued degree of the signal input to the directivity forming device for the maximum eigenvalue and the other directivity forming device is 64QAM and QP.
Although different from SK, this may be equivalent, such as 16QAM and 16QAM.
【００４７】[0047]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
周波数帯域を広げることなく無線信号の伝送容量をあげ
ることができるため、次世代の無線通信に求められてい
る大容量通信を実現することができるとともに、限りの
ある周波数資源を有効に活用することができる。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since it is possible to increase the transmission capacity of wireless signals without expanding the frequency band, it is possible to realize the large-capacity communication required for the next-generation wireless communication and to effectively utilize limited frequency resources. You can
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る送信装置を示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a transmission device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る送信装置を示
す図であるFIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】第２の実施の形態における送信電力と平均誤り
率の関係のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a relationship between transmission power and average error rate in the second embodiment.
【図４】本発明の第３の実施の形態を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】第３の実施の形態における送信電力と平均誤り
率の関係のシミュレーション結果を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the relationship between transmission power and average error rate in the third embodiment.
【図６】従来のＳＤＭの構成例を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional SDM.
１−１ 基地局アンテナ素子 １−２ 指向性形成装置 １−３ 信号分配装置 １−４ 指向性制御装置 １−５ 基地局装置 １−６ 端末アンテナ索子 １−７ チャネル応答推定装鷺 １−８ 端末装置 ２−１ 基地局アンテナ素子 ２−２ 指向性形成装置 ２−３ 信号分配装置 ２−４ 指向性制御装置 ２−５ 基地局装置 ２−６ 端末アンテナ素子 ２−７ チャネル応答推定装置 ２−８ 端末装置 ４−１ 基地局アンテナ素子 ４−２−１ 指向性形成装置 ４−２−２ 指向性形成装置 ４−３ 信号分配装置 ４−４ 指向性制御装置 ４−５ 基地局装置 ４−６ 端末アンテナ素子 ４−７ チャネル応答推定装置 ４−８ 端末装置 ６−１ 基地局アンテナ素子 ６−２ 信号分配装置 ６−３ 基地局装置 ６−４ 端末アンテナ素子 ６−５ 信号復号装置 ６−６ 端末装置 1-1 Base station antenna element 1-2 Directional forming device 1-3 Signal distribution device 1-4 Directional control device 1-5 Base station device 1-6 Terminal antenna cord 1-7 Channel response estimation device 1-8 Terminal device 2-1 Base station antenna element 2-2 Directional forming device 2-3 Signal distribution device 2-4 Directional control device 2-5 Base station device 2-6 Terminal antenna element 2-7 Channel response estimation device 2-8 Terminal device 4-1 Base station antenna element 4-2-1 Directional forming device 4-2-2 Directional forming device 4-3 Signal distribution device 4-4 Directional control device 4-5 Base station device 4-6 Terminal antenna element 4-7 Channel response estimation device 4-8 Terminal device 6-1 Base station antenna element 6-2 Signal distribution device 6-3 Base station device 6-4 Terminal antenna element 6-5 Signal decoding device 6-6 Terminal device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大鐘 武雄 北海道札幌市西区発寒10条11丁目１−８− 1003 (72)発明者 小川 恭孝 北海道札幌市白石区南郷通８丁目南３−１ −Ｂ307 (72)発明者 西村 寿彦 北海道札幌市東区北41条東16丁目２−19 Ｆターム(参考） 5K022 FF00 5K059 AA12 CC01 CC04 DD31 5K067 AA21 BB02 CC24 EE02 EE10 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Takeo Ohgane Cold weather from Nishi-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 10-11-11-8 1003 (72) Inventor Yasutaka Ogawa 3-1 Minami 8-chome, Nangodori, Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido -B307 (72) Inventor Toshihiko Nishimura 2-19 Kita-jo 41 East 16-chome, Higashi-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido F-term (reference) 5K022 FF00 5K059 AA12 CC01 CC04 DD31 5K067 AA21 BB02 CC24 EE02 EE10
Claims (2)
子を備える送信装置とＮ個（Ｎは２以上の整数）のアン
テナ素子を備える受信装置とが、空間分割多重伝送方式
（ＳＤＭ）で通信する通信システムにおける、前記送信
装置であって、 前記送信装置が備えるＭ個のアンテナ素子にそれぞれ接
続され、ｋ個（ｋは２以上の整数）の指向性を形成する
ｋ個の指向性形成装置と、 前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続され、指向性形成装置
の指向性を制御する指向性制御装置と、 前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続され、入力される送信
信号に対して直並列変換や多値化などの処理を施し、こ
れを前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に出力する信号分配装置
と、 前記受信装置から送信される、前記受信装置が備えるチ
ャネル応答推定装置により推定された、前記送信装置の
各アンテナ素子と前記受信装置の各アンテナ素子の間の
チャネル応答を受信するチャネル応答受信装置と、を備
え、 前記指向性制御装置は、前記受信したチャネル応答を要
素とするＮ×Ｍの大きさの行列Ａを用いＡHＡ（Hはエル
ミート変換）の行列から複数の固有ベクトルを算出する
算出手段と、前記算出手段により算出した複数の固有ベ
クトルを固有値の大きい方から順にｋ個選択する選択手
段と、前記選択手段により選択されたｋ個の固有ベクト
ルで定まるｋ個の指向性を、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置
が形成するｋ個の指向性として設定する手段と、を有す
ることを特徴とする送信装置。1. A space division multiplex transmission system (SDM) comprising a transmitter equipped with M (M is an integer of 2 or more) antenna elements and a receiver equipped with N (N is an integer of 2 or more) antenna elements. ) In the communication system for communicating with each other, the number of directivities of k (k is an integer of 2 or more), which are respectively connected to M antenna elements included in the transmitter. Directivity forming device, a directivity control device connected to the k directivity forming devices and controlling directivity of the directivity forming device, and a transmission signal input to and connected to the k directivity forming devices A signal distribution device that performs processing such as serial-parallel conversion and multi-value conversion on the above, and outputs this to the k directivity forming devices; and channel response estimation provided in the receiving device, which is transmitted from the receiving device. Estimated by the device, A channel response receiving device that receives a channel response between each antenna element of the transmitting device and each antenna element of the receiving device, wherein the directivity control device has N × that has the received channel response as an element. Calculating means for calculating a plurality of eigenvectors from a matrix of A H A ( H is Hermitian transformation) using a matrix A of M size, and k selecting a plurality of eigenvectors calculated by the calculating means in descending order of eigenvalues And a means for setting the k directivities determined by the k eigenvectors selected by the selecting means as the k directivities formed by the k directivity forming device. And a transmitter.
子を備える送信装置とＮ個（Ｎは２以上の整数）のアン
テナ素子を備える受信装置とが、空間分割多重伝送方式
（ＳＤＭ）で通信する通信システムにおける、前記送信
装置であって、 前記送信装置が備えるＭ個のアンテナ素子にそれぞれ接
続され、ｋ個（ｋは２以上の整数）の指向性を形成する
ｋ個の指向性形成装置と、 前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続され、指向性形成装置
の指向性を制御する指向性制御装置と、 前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に接続され、入力される送信
信号に対して直並列変換や多値化などの処理を施し、こ
れを前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置に出力する信号分配装置
と、 前記送信装置の各アンテナ素子と前記受信装置の各アン
テナ素子の間のチャネル応答を推定するチャネル応答推
定装置と、を備え、 前記指向性制御装置は、前記チャネル応答推定装置によ
り推定したチャネル応答を要素とするＮ×Ｍの大きさの
行列Ａを用いＡHＡ（Hはエルミート変換）の行列から複
数の固有ベクトルを算出する算出手段と、前記算出手段
により算出した複数の固有ベクトルを固有値の大きい方
から順にｋ個選択する選択手段と、前記選択手段により
選択されたｋ個の固有ベクトルで定まるｋ個の指向性
を、前記ｋ個の指向性形成装置が形成するｋ個の指向性
として設定する手段と、を有することを特徴とする送信
装置。2. A space division multiplex transmission system (SDM) comprising a transmitter equipped with M (M is an integer of 2 or more) antenna elements and a receiver equipped with N (N is an integer of 2 or more) antenna elements. ) In the communication system for communicating with each other, the number of directivities of k (k is an integer of 2 or more), which are respectively connected to M antenna elements included in the transmitter. Directivity forming device, a directivity control device connected to the k directivity forming devices and controlling directivity of the directivity forming device, and a transmission signal input to and connected to the k directivity forming devices To the k directivity forming devices, which perform processing such as serial-parallel conversion or multi-value conversion on the signal distribution device, and the antenna elements of the transmitter and the antenna elements of the receiver. The channel response between Comprising Yaneru a response estimator, and the directional control device, using the matrix A of size of N × M whose elements channel response estimated by the channel response estimation unit A H A (H is a Hermitian transformation) It is determined by a calculation means for calculating a plurality of eigenvectors from the matrix, a selection means for selecting k eigenvectors calculated by the calculation means in descending order of eigenvalue, and k eigenvectors selected by the selection means. and a means for setting k directivities as k directivities formed by the k directivity forming devices.
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