JP2003245786A - Ac mig pulse arc combined with laser welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that melting cannot be performed in welding a lap fillet joint by laser welding if a gap is formed. <P>SOLUTION: Lap fillet welding is carried out at a high speed under the condition that (1) a work to be welded is aluminum having a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, (2) the distance D1 of tip ends between laser beams on a welding line and a wire is 0 to 3 mm, (3) a target position Ly1 of the wire is -2 to 2 mm and a target position Ly2 being the spot position of the laser beam is positioned away from an upper plate 6 by a spot diameter D from a joint line or positioned to be superposed by 1/2D of the spot diameter from the joint line, (4) the target angle γ1 of the wire and the target angle γ2 of the laser beam are respectively 5° to 20°, (5) the advancing angle θ1 of the wire is 10° to 20°, while the retreating angle θ2 of the laser beam is 15° to 40°, (6) a laser output is 1 to 50 kw, and (7) the spot diameter of the laser beam 10 is 1 to 5 mm. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to arc light generation of consumable electrode gas shielded AC pulse arc welding (hereinafter referred to as AC MIG pulse arc welding) when performing lap fillet welding of an aluminum alloy (hereinafter referred to as aluminum). The present invention relates to a laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method for performing lap fillet welding at a high speed by irradiating a surface of an object to be welded at a peripheral portion or a peripheral portion thereof with laser light.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when performing lap fillet welding, FIG.
The AC MIG pulse arc welding shown in Fig. 3 is used. The figure is a diagram for explaining AC MIG pulse arc welding of the prior art. In the figure, a welding power supply device 1 that outputs AC power controls the rotation of a wire feeding roll 3 of a wire feeding device 2, and a consumable electrode (hereinafter, referred to as a wire) 4 is fed through a welding torch 5. It Also, the welding power supply device 1
Supplies electric power between the contact tip in the welding torch 5 and the objects to be welded (upper plate 6 and lower plate 7), and an arc 8 is generated between the wire 4 and the objects 6 and 7 to be welded. It

Conventionally, a carbon dioxide laser shown in FIG. 3, Y
Laser welding using an AG laser, a semiconductor laser, etc. is performed. This figure is a diagram for explaining the laser welding of the prior art. In the figure, a laser beam 10 output from a laser oscillator 9 is transmitted to a laser torch 12 by an optical fiber 11, and a processing lens 13 provided in the laser torch 12 causes a joint portion 6 of the workpieces 6 and 7 to be welded.
It is converged so that a focus is generated on a and is irradiated onto the objects to be welded 6, 7.

[0004]

However, by using the AC MIG pulse arc welding shown in FIG.
When lap fillet welding is performed at a high speed exceeding [m / min],
As shown in FIG. 4, the melting amount of the arc into the lower plate 7 is insufficient and the strength of the joint is insufficient. Fig. 4 shows 2 [m / min] of lap fillet joint by AC MIG pulse arc welding.
It is a figure which shows the shape of the welding bead 14 at the time of welding at a high speed which exceeds. Further, in the case of performing lap fillet welding at high speed by AC MIG pulse arc welding, the heat input per unit length is small, so that the appropriate welding bead 14 cannot be formed.

Further, since the laser welding shown in FIG. 3 is a heat source with a high energy density, it exceeds 8 [m / min] over 2 [m / min].
/ Min], high-speed welding is possible. However, in this laser welding, when there is a gap in the overlapped part between the upper plate and the lower plate (hereinafter referred to as the joint part) in welding to the lap fillet joint, the laser beam diameter of the laser irradiation part is small. In addition, the joint portion having a gap cannot be melted in the upper and lower portions, and the joint portion cannot be welded. Therefore, in laser welding, the workpiece 6,
The practical application range is very limited because it is necessary that the joint portion of 7 has no gap.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 at the time of filing of the invention is such that a gas-shielded wire 4 and an object to be welded 6,
The laser light 10 emitted from the laser oscillator 9 is supplied with alternating current power between
In the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of irradiating the generation part of the arc 8 or its peripheral part through the transmission path and performing lap fillet welding at a high speed of 2 [m / min] or more, the upper plate of the workpiece 6 and the lower plate 7 are made of aluminum having a thickness of 1 [mm] to 3 [mm], and the distance D1 between the tips of the wire 4 on the welding line and the spot position of the laser beam 10 is 0 [mm] to 3 [Mm] is a laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of [mm].

The invention according to claim 2 at the time of filing is the position of the tip 4a of the wire 4 on the joint line where the lower end of the upper plate 6 of the object to be welded overlaps the surface of the lower plate 7 or at a right angle. The target position Ly1 of the wire is −2 [mm] to 2 [mm], and the target position Ly2, which is the spot position of the laser beam irradiating the joint line, is separated from the joint line by the spot diameter D from the upper plate 6. 1 to the spot diameter from the position or the above joint line
The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 1 at the time of filing, which is a position overlapping by / 2D.

The invention as defined in claim 3 at the time of filing of the wire is the angle which is formed by the vertical line 15 of the wire and the feeding direction of the wire 4 in a plane orthogonal to the welding line and including the wire feeding direction. Claim 2 at the time of filing, wherein the target angle γ1 and the target angle γ2 of the laser beam, which is the angle formed by the laser beam 10 and the vertical line 16 in the laser beam irradiation direction, are 5 [degrees] to 20 [degrees].
The method for laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding according to 1.

The invention as set forth in claim 4 at the time of application is the advance formed by the vertical line 15 of the wire and the feeding direction of the wire within the plane orthogonal to the surfaces of the objects 6, 7 to be welded containing the welding line. When the angle θ1 is 10 degrees to 20 degrees, the receding angle θ2 formed by the laser beam 10 and the vertical line 16 in the laser light irradiation direction.
Is 15 [degree] to 40 [degree], and the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 3 at the time of application.

In the invention described in claim 5 at the time of application, the laser output is 1 [kw] to 50 [kw], and the objects to be welded 6 and 7 are welded.
The spot diameter D of the laser beam 10 irradiated onto the
The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 4 at the time of application, which is from m] to 5 [mm].

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram best representing the features of the invention according to the present application. Since it is the same as Fig. 5 described later,
The description will be given later with reference to FIG. The embodiment of the invention is the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 5 at the time of filing, in which AC power is supplied between the gas-shielded wire 4 and the workpieces 6 and 7. Arc on the welding line
And irradiating the laser beam 10 output from the laser oscillator 9 to the generation part of the arc 8 or its peripheral part through the transmission path to perform lap fillet welding at a high speed of 2 [m / min] or more. In the combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method, the thickness of the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7 of the workpiece is 1 [mm].
To 3 [mm] aluminum, wire 4 on the welding line
Is between 0 [mm] and 3 [mm], and the lower end of the upper plate 6 of the object to be welded overlaps the surface of the lower plate 7. The target position Ly1 of the wire, which is the position of the tip 4a of the wire 4 separated in the right angle direction, is −2 [mm] to 2 [mm],
The target position Ly2, which is the spot position of the laser beam applied to the joint line, is the upper plate 6 by the spot diameter D from the joint line.
1/2 the spot diameter from the position away from the joint line
D is an overlapping position and is an angle formed by the vertical line 15 of the wire and the feeding direction of the wire 4 in a plane orthogonal to the welding line and including the wire feeding direction, and the wire target angle γ1 and the laser light irradiation direction. The target angle γ2 of the laser beam, which is the angle formed by the vertical line 16 and the laser beam 10, is 5 [degrees] to 20.
[Degree], and the advancing angle θ1 formed by the vertical line 15 of the wire and the wire feeding direction within a plane orthogonal to the surfaces of the workpieces 6 and 7 including the welding line is 10 [degrees] to 20. [Every time]
Then, the receding angle θ2 formed by the vertical line 16 in the laser light irradiation direction and the laser light 10 is 15 [degrees] to 40 [degrees], and the laser output is 1 [kw] to 50 [kw]. This is a laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method in which the spot diameter of the laser beam 10 with which the weldments 6 and 7 are irradiated is 1 [mm] to 5 [mm].

[0012]

The present invention is a composite laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method in which laser irradiation and AC MIG pulse arc welding are used together for lap fillet welding of thin aluminum plates. This welding method secures high-speed weldability by the high energy density heat source formed by the laser irradiation described above, and then melts the joint portion 6a widely by the wide heat source formed by the arc 8 and the wire 4 By filling the gap portion, lap fillet welding can be performed at a high speed even at a joint portion having a gap. The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method will be described below. In addition,
In the following description, the case where the welding speed 2 is [m / min] or more is referred to as high speed welding.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an apparatus for carrying out the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to FIG. The figure shows the case where a YAG laser or a semiconductor laser and an AC MIG arc welding apparatus are used. In the figure, the same functions as those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

According to the experiments conducted by the inventor, suitable welding conditions are as follows. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a wire advance angle θ1 and the like in the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention. In the figure, the advancing angle θ1 formed by the vertical line 15 of the wire and the wire feeding direction within a plane orthogonal to the surfaces of the objects to be welded 6 and 7 including the welding line.
Is 10 degrees to 20 degrees, and the receding angle θ2 formed by the laser beam 10 and the vertical line 16 in the irradiation direction of the laser beam.
Is 15 [degrees] to 40 [degrees]. Further, the distance D1 between the tips of the wire 4 and the laser beam 10 is 0 [mm] to 3
[Mm].

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the target angle γ1 of the wire and the like in the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention. In the figure, the wire target angle γ1 and the vertical direction of the laser beam irradiation direction, which are angles formed by the wire vertical line 15 and the wire feeding direction in a plane orthogonal to the welding line and including the wire feeding direction. Line 16 and laser light 1
The target angle γ2 of the laser beam, which is the angle formed with 0, is 5
[Degree] to 20 [degree]. Also, the upper plate 6 of the object to be welded
The target position Ly1 of the wire, which is the position of the tip 4a of the wire 4 on the joint line where the lower end portion of the wire overlaps the surface of the lower plate 7 or at a right angle, is −2 [mm] to 2 [mm]. Target position Ly2, which is the spot position of the laser light to be emitted
Is a position separated from the joint line by a spot diameter D from the upper plate 6 or a position overlapping the joint line by 1 / 2D of the spot diameter.

Under the above welding conditions, when the wire target angle γ1 and the laser beam target angle γ2 shown in FIG. 7 are smaller than 5 [degrees], the laser beam 10 and the arc 8 are aimed at the joint portion 6a. When the target position is on the upper plate 6 side, the melting into the lower plate 7 is insufficient, and when the target position is on the lower plate 7 side, the lower plate 7 may melt down. Moreover, the arc 8 is not stable at an angle larger than 20 degrees. Therefore, the target angle γ1 of the wire and the target angle γ2 of the laser beam are 5 [degrees] to 20
[Degree] is preferable.

FIG. 8 shows the target position Ly1 "mm" (horizontal axis) of the wire and the distance D1 "mm" between the laser beam and the tip of the wire.
It is a figure which shows the boundary of good welding failure in relation with (vertical axis). The poor welding means a state in which poor penetration and melt-through occur, and the good welding means a state in which poor welding does not occur. In the figure, the target position Ly2 of the laser beam is 0 [mm], that is, the target position Ly2 of the laser beam is the joint portion 6a, and the welding speed is 4 [m / min]. Further, common welding conditions for clarifying the boundary between good and bad welding shown in FIG. 8 and FIGS. 9 and 11 described later are the thicknesses of the lower plate 6 and the upper plate 7 of the object to be welded of aluminum A5052. Was 1.5 [mm], the diameter was 1.2 [mm], and the fillet weld of the lap fillet joint was performed using the wire 4 of aluminum A5356. Further, when the output of the laser welding machine is 1.5 [kw], the spot diameter of the laser beam 10 at the portion where the laser beam having a spot diameter of 1 [mm] at the focus position is irradiated while shifting the focus position is In the case of 2 [mm], the welding current of the AC MIG pulse arc welder is 135 [A], and the welding voltage is 17
[V]. This is the case where the welding speed is 4 [m / min].
Further, in FIGS. 8 and 9, welding is performed in a state where there is no gap between the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7 of the object to be welded.

As shown in FIG. 8, the distance between the tips of the wire 4 on the welding line and the spot position of the laser beam 10 (hereinafter referred to as the distance between the laser beam and the tip) D1.
However, when it exceeds 3 [mm], the force with which the arc 8 is attracted to the portion irradiated with the laser light 10 becomes weak, and the depth of penetration becomes shallow. Therefore, the distance D1 between the tip of the laser beam and the wire is preferably 0 [mm] to 3 [mm]. Further, when the target position Ly1 of the wire exceeds the range of −2 [mm] to 2 [mm], the arc 8 causes the joint portion 6a to move.
Can not be properly welded to separate from.

FIG. 9 shows the target position Ly2 "mm" of the laser beam.
(Horizontal axis), distance between laser light and wire tip D1 "mm"
It is a figure which shows the boundary of good welding failure in relation with (vertical axis). In the figure, the target position Ly1 of the wire is 0 [m
m], that is, the target position Ly1 of the wire is the joint portion 6a. As shown in the figure, the target position Ly2 of the laser light is -2
When it exceeds the range of [mm] to 1 [mm], the laser beam is separated from the joint portion 6a, and proper welding cannot be performed. Further, unlike the target position Ly1 of the wire, when the target position Ly2 of the laser light becomes 2 [mm], the arc 8 is attracted to the part irradiated with the laser light 10 and the arc 8 separates from the joint part 6a and moves downward. The penetration into the plate 7 is insufficient and proper welding cannot be performed.

As a result, when the target position Ly1 of the wire and the target position Ly2 of the laser beam pass from the joint portion 6a to the upper plate 6 side, the melting amount of the lower plate 7 becomes insufficient as shown in FIG. The strength of the joint is insufficient. If the wire target position Ly1 and the laser beam target position Ly2 fall too far from the joint portion 6a toward the lower plate 7, the joint portion 6a cannot be welded, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the target position Ly1 of the wire and the target position Ly2 of the laser light are the joint portion 6a.
It is a figure which shows the welding bead shape when it falls too much from the bottom plate 7 side. Therefore, the target position Ly1 of the wire is -2
When the target position Ly2 of the laser light is -2 [mm] to 1 [mm] at [mm] to 2 [mm], the welding of the lower plate 7 with sufficient melting can be performed. When the spot diameter of the laser light 10 applied to the objects to be welded 6 and 7 is D [mm], the target position Ly2 of the laser light is in the range of −D [mm] to D / 2 [mm].

FIG. 11 shows the welding speed [m / m when the AC combined MIG pulse arc welding method with laser of the present invention is carried out.
Is a diagram showing the relationship between the minute] (horizontal axis) and the gap length G1 [mm] of the object to be welded (vertical axis), and is further compared with the related art. In the figure, the distance D1 between the tip of the laser beam and the wire is 2 [mm], the target angle γ1 of the wire and the target angle γ2 of the laser beam are 10 [degrees], and the advance angle θ1 of the wire is
Is 15 degrees and the receding angle of the laser light is 30 degrees, the wire target position Ly1 and the laser light target position Ly2 are changed. As shown in FIG. 12, as compared with the case of performing conventional AC MIG pulse arc welding alone and the case of performing laser welding alone, the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention is shown in FIG. As described above, when the objects 6 and 7 to be welded having the gap G1 are welded at high speed, appropriate welding can be performed even for a considerably wide gap length. FIG. 12: is a figure which shows the shape of the welding bead 14 when a suitable welding is performed when welding the to-be-welded object which has a gap of this invention.

[0022]

The present invention is a composite type laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method in which laser irradiation and AC MIG pulse arc welding are used together, in which the target position Ly1 of the wire and the target position Ly2 of the laser light are changed. As a result, the gap G becomes larger than that in the case where the conventional AC MIG pulse arc welding is performed alone and the case where the laser welding is performed alone.
When lap fillet welding is performed on the objects 6 and 7 to be welded having 1 at a high speed, appropriate welding can be performed even for a considerably wide gap length.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram best representing the features of the invention according to the present application.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining conventional AC MIG pulse arc welding.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining conventional laser welding.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the shape of a weld bead 14 when welding is performed by AC MIG pulse arc welding at a high speed exceeding 2 [m / min] of a lap fillet joint.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a wire advancing angle θ1 and the like in the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a target angle γ1 of a wire and the like in the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a boundary of good and bad welding in a relation between a target position Ly1 “mm” (horizontal axis) of a wire and a tip distance D1 “mm” (vertical axis) between a laser beam and a wire.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a boundary of good and bad welding in a relation between a target position Ly2 “mm” (horizontal axis) of laser light and a distance D1 “mm” (vertical axis) between the laser light and the tip of the wire.

[Figure 10] Wire target position Ly1 and laser light target position L
When y2 and the lower plate 7 side from the joint portion 6a,
It is a figure which shows a welding bead shape.

FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the welding speed [m / min] (horizontal axis) and the gap length G1 [mm] (vertical axis) of the workpiece when the laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method of the present invention is carried out. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a welding bead 14 when a proper welding is performed when welding a work piece having a gap according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the shape of.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Welding power supply device 2 Wire feeding device 3 Wire feeding roll 4 Wire 4a Tip of wire 4 Welding torch 6 Upper plate 6a of object to be welded Joint part 7 Lower plate 8 of object to be welded Arc 9 Laser oscillation Device 10 Laser light 11 Optical fiber 12 Laser torch 13 Processing lens 14 Weld bead 15 Wire vertical line 16 Vertical line D in the laser light irradiation direction Spot diameter D1 of laser light 10 irradiated on the workpieces 6 and 7 Distance between the tip of the wire Ly1 Target position of the wire Ly2 Target position of the laser light θ1 Advance angle of the wire θ2 Receding angle of the laser light γ1 Target angle of the wire γ2 Target angle of the laser light

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) // B23K 103: 10 B23K 103: 10 (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Ueyama 2-1, Tagawa, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 11 Daiei Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Nakada 1-13-22 Showa-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture (72) Inventor Masao Ushio 4-48, Midoridai, Kawanishi-shi, Hyogo F-term (Reference) 4E001 AA03 BB08 BB12 CB01 DA07 DE03 DE04 4E068 BA06 BC01 BF00 CA09 CA13 DA14 DB04

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An arc generating section for supplying an AC power between a gas-shielded wire 4 and an object to be welded to generate an arc on a welding line and transmitting a laser beam output from a laser oscillator through a transmission path. Or irradiate the surrounding area with 2
In a laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method for performing lap fillet welding at a high speed of [m / min] or more, aluminum having a thickness of 1 [mm] to 3 [mm] for the upper and lower plates of the workpiece. And the distance between the tip of the wire on the welding line and the spot of the laser beam is 0 [mm] to 3 [m].
m] laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method. 2. The target position of the wire, which is the position of the tip of the wire on the joint line where the lower end of the upper plate of the object to be welded overlaps the surface of the lower plate or at a right angle, is -2 [mm] to 2 [m].
m], and the aiming position, which is the spot position of the laser beam irradiating the joint line, is a position separated from the joint line by a spot diameter from the upper plate or one spot diameter from the joint line.
The laser-combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 1, wherein the positions are / 2 overlapped. 3. A target angle of the wire, which is an angle formed by the vertical line of the wire and the feeding direction of the wire in a plane orthogonal to the welding line and including the wire feeding direction, and a vertical line of the irradiation direction of the laser beam. The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 2, wherein an aiming angle of the laser beam, which is an angle formed by the laser beam, is 5 [deg] to 20 [deg]. 4. A laser having an advance angle of 10 [degree] to 20 [degree] formed by a vertical line of the wire and a wire feeding direction in a plane orthogonal to a surface of an object to be welded including a welding line. The receding angle formed by the laser beam and the vertical line in the light irradiation direction is 15
The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 3, which is in the range of [degrees] to 40 [degrees]. 5. A laser output of 1 [kw] to 50 [k]
The laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method according to claim 4, wherein the spot diameter of the laser beam applied to the workpiece is 1 [mm] to 5 [mm].