JP2003236373A - Activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbing material for removing malodor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbing material which has excellent deodorization performance and can be used in various forms since its shape is hardly broken. <P>SOLUTION: The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbing material for removing malodor consists of 3 to 90% by mass at least one activated carbon fiber of activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes, activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas, activated carbon fiber for removing acid gas and activated carbon fiber for removing aromatic compounds and 97 to 10% by mass heat fusible fiber and has 0.015 to 0.150 g/cm<SP>3</SP>bulk density. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to at least one type of activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes, activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas, activated carbon fiber for removing acidic gas, and activated carbon fiber for removing aromatic compounds. The present invention relates to a rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for activated carbon fiber for malodor removal, which is composed of heat-fusible fibers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The problem of conventional environmental pollution caused by industrial odors and harmful chemical substances generated in factories and odors caused by wastes in the service industry such as restaurants and hotels that emit a large amount of wastes In addition, with the recent increase in amenity-oriented, in general living spaces, such as households, odors generated from kitchen garbage, toilet odors, pet odors, harmful substances such as formaldehyde, which is a causative agent of sick house syndrome, etc. The problems of indoor environmental pollution due to chemical substances, bad odors in automobiles, and even odors generated from the bodies inside the casket at funerals are highlighted, and the need for removal of these odorous components is rapidly increasing.

Powdered or granular activated carbon is widely used to remove these malodors. However, when powdered or granular activated carbon is processed into a sheet and used as a material for removing malodor, it is very difficult to handle because it produces charcoal dust.

On the other hand, when activated carbon fibers are used, they are easy to handle, unlike powdered or granular activated carbon, but conventional activated carbon fibers have been processed into felt, cloth, etc., so there is a limit to the usage form. there were. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication 3-47
Although the 893 gazette proposes a lump-shaped adsorbent formed by only activated carbon fibers, it has a drawback that the activated carbon fibers alone cause the shape to easily collapse during use.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-76250 discloses a rod-shaped fiber bundle using activated carbon fibers having a specific surface area of 700 to 2000 m ² / g. However, since ordinary activated carbon fibers are used. It has a drawback that it has a very weak adsorption power for lower aldehydes such as acetaldehyde, alkaline gases such as ammonia, and acidic gases such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and provides an activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent which is excellent in deodorizing performance, is hard to lose its shape, and can be used in various forms. This is a technical issue.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that lower aldehydes-removing activated carbon fiber, alkali gas-removing activated carbon fiber,
Among the activated carbon fibers for removing the acidic gas and the activated carbon fibers for removing the aromatic compound, if at least one type of the activated carbon fibers and the heat-fusible fibers are combined into a rod-shaped bundle, the above-mentioned problems can be solved and the present invention can be found. Arrived That is, the present invention has the gist of the following configuration. (1) At least one of the activated carbon fibers for removing lower aldehydes, the activated carbon fibers for removing alkali gas, the activated carbon fibers for removing acidic gas and the aromatic compounds, and 3 to 90% by mass of activated carbon fibers and heat-melted Adhesive fiber 97-10
Consists of mass% and has a bulk density of 0.015 to 0.150 g
/ Cm ³ is an activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for malodor removal. (2) The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for removing malodor as described in (1) above, wherein the activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes is an activated carbon fiber having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 20 mg / g or more at an acetaldehyde equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm. (3) The malodor-free activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent according to (1) or (2), wherein the activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas is an activated carbon fiber having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 50 mg / g or more at an ammonia equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm. (4) Activated carbon fiber for acid gas removal has a hydrogen sulfide equilibrium concentration of 10
The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for odor removal according to any one of (1) to (3) above, which is an activated carbon fiber having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 200 mg / g or more in ppm. (5) The active carbon fiber for removing an odor is the active carbon fiber for removing an aromatic compound, wherein the equilibrium adsorption amount at a toluene equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm is 70 mg / g or more. Rod-shaped focusing adsorbent.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below. The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for removing malodor of the present invention is at least one of activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes, activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas, activated carbon fiber for removing acidic gas and activated carbon fiber for removing aromatic compounds. It is composed mainly of activated carbon fibers and heat-fusible fibers, and the activated carbon fibers may be a combination of a plurality of the above four types of activated carbon fibers at the same time.

The activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes used in the present invention preferably has an equilibrium adsorption amount of 20 mg / g or more, particularly 25 mg / g or more at an equilibrium concentration of acetaldehyde of 10 ppm. If the equilibrium adsorption amount is less than 20 mg / g, the deodorizing performance for bad odor due to lower aldehydes tends to be insufficient.

The activated carbon fibers for removing lower aldehydes include activated carbon fibers, which are obtained by adding inorganic acids and one or more kinds of amino aromatic compounds such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and aniline.
One or more kinds of acetanilide, P-aminoacetanilide, P-aminobenzoic acid, P-aminophenol and the like are attached. Any activated carbon fiber that has excellent adsorption performance for lower aldehydes can be used, but one in which phosphoric acid and P-aminobenzoic acid are impregnated is particularly suitable, and is marketed as "Adol A-type" by Unitika. Those that have been described are preferable.

The activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas is
The equilibrium adsorption amount at an equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm of ammonia is preferably 50 mg / g or more, particularly preferably 60 mg / g or more. If the equilibrium adsorption amount is less than 50 mg / g, the deodorizing performance for bad odor caused by ammonia will be insufficient.

The activated carbon fiber for removal of alkali gas used in the present invention includes activated carbon fiber, which includes inorganic acids, inorganic salts and acidic organic compounds such as ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and citric acid. One or more kinds of malic acid are attached. Any activated carbon fiber having excellent alkali gas adsorption performance can be used, but one in which phosphoric acid is impregnated can be preferably used.
Those marketed as "type" are preferable.

Next, the activated carbon fiber for acid gas removal has an equilibrium adsorption amount of 200 mg / g or more at an equilibrium concentration of hydrogen sulfide of 10 ppm,
Particularly, it is preferably 250 mg / g or more. Equilibrium adsorption amount
If it is less than 200 mg / g, the deodorizing performance for the bad odor caused by the acidic gas tends to be insufficient.

The activated carbon fibers for acid gas removal used in the present invention include inorganic bases, inorganic acids and basic organic compounds such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and potassium permanganate. One or more types are attached. Any activated carbon fiber having excellent acid gas adsorbing performance can be used, but one impregnated with potassium carbonate is particularly preferably used, and one marketed as "Adol SS-type" by Unitika Ltd. is preferable.

Further, the activated carbon fiber for removing aromatic compounds has an equilibrium adsorption amount of 70 m at an equilibrium concentration of toluene of 10 ppm.
It is preferably g / g or more, particularly 100 mg / g or more. If the equilibrium adsorption amount is less than 70 mg / g, the deodorizing performance for the malodor caused by the aromatic compound tends to be insufficient. As the activated carbon fibers for removing aromatic compounds used in the present invention, any activated carbon fibers having excellent adsorption performance for aromatic compounds can be used, but Unitika's "Adol A7,
Those marketed as "A10, A15, A20" are preferable.

The heat fusible fiber may be composed of a single component as long as it is a fiber having heat fusibility, but a composite fiber composed of a plurality of polymers having different melting points may be used. preferable. As the heat-fusible conjugate fiber, a fiber having a core-sheath structure (a high melting point polymer is used for the core part and a low melting point polymer is used for the sheath part) is preferable, but the heat fusion component has a structure that does not cause drop of liquid or outflow. Any composite fiber may be used, and for example, a composite fiber having a side-by-side structure may be used. Examples of the material include polyester-based, polyamide-based, and polyolefin-based heat-fusible fibers, and polyester-fusible fibers “Melty” marketed by Unitika Ltd. are preferable.

The content ratio of the activated carbon fiber and the heat-fusible fiber in the adsorbent in the present invention is such that the adsorbability of the activated carbon fiber is maintained,
From the viewpoint of the shape stability of the adsorbent, the activated carbon fiber is 3 to 90% by mass, preferably 5 to 80% by mass, and the heat fusible fiber 97 to 1 is used.
It is 0% by mass, preferably 95 to 20% by mass. If the activated carbon fiber content is less than 3% by mass, sufficient deodorizing performance will not be exhibited. Further, when the activated carbon fiber exceeds 90% by mass, the shape stability decreases.

The bulk density of the adsorbent of the present invention is 0.015.
~ 0.150 g / cm ³ , preferably 0.040-0.
It is necessary to be 100 g / cm ³ . When the bulk density is less than 0.015 g / cm ³ , the strength is low and it becomes difficult to maintain the shape during use. Also, 0.15
If it exceeds 0 g / cm ³ , the pressure loss becomes high, and the bad odor removal performance is deteriorated.

As described above, the malodor removing activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent of the present invention is composed of activated carbon fibers and heat-fusible fibers, but within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
Natural fibers such as cotton, recycled fibers, glass fibers and the like may be contained. Further, plural kinds of heat-fusible fibers may be used.

The adsorbent of the present invention has a rod-shaped fiber bundle having a maximum diameter of 2 mm or more and a circular, elliptical, donut-shaped, trilobal-shaped, cross-shaped or star-shaped cross section. However, it is preferable because it is easy to handle during the adsorption treatment operation and is suitable as a carrier for biological treatment. In addition,
The maximum diameter in the present invention means the diameter in the case of a spherical shape or a donut shape, the length of the major axis in the case of an elliptical shape, and the maximum length in the case of other shapes. Further, the length of the adsorbent of the present invention is 2 mm or more from the viewpoint of easy handling,
It is particularly preferably 2 to 50 mm.

The adsorbent of the present invention is a rod-shaped fiber bundle obtained by heat-bonding the heat-fusible fibers by heat-treating a fiber bundle composed of activated carbon fibers and heat-fusible fibers. It is preferable to partially bond the fibers inside the bundle by adjusting the degree of fusion bonding, and by doing so, it becomes possible to have uniform voids inside and easily reduce the voids by compression. .

Next, an example of the method for producing the malodor removing activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent of the present invention will be described. First, the activated carbon fiber and the heat-fusible fiber having a filament or crimp are opened and mixed with a spinning card machine to form a sliver shape. Alternatively, the activated carbon fiber and the heat-fusible fiber having a crimp are opened, mixed, and drawn in a tow shape to obtain a fiber bundle.
The heat-fusible fibers are heat-treated to this fiber bundle, preferably partially fused to form a rod-shaped fiber bundle. As the heat-treatment method, a method of blowing hot air or a method of passing through a high-temperature atmosphere, etc. Can be adopted. As a specific heat treatment method, a fiber bundle may be passed through a heating body having a cylindrical shape or a deformed tubular shape to partially fuse the heat-fusible fibers, and then compressed and cooled to form a rod shape. The fiber bundle can be continuously molded. The rod-shaped fiber bundle is cut into a length as required to obtain the adsorbent of the present invention.

In order to obtain the adsorbent of the present invention, the activated carbon fiber has a fiber length of 1 mm or more, particularly 20 to 150 mm, from the viewpoint of the ease of entanglement between the fibers during opening and mixing. preferable. If the fiber length is less than 1 mm, the entanglement between the fibers is small, and the shape of the molded product cannot be maintained during use, which tends to cause pulverization and generate carbon dust.

As described above, the activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundle adsorbent for removing malodor of the present invention is a rod-shaped fiber bundle composed of 3 to 90% by mass of activated carbon fiber and 97 to 10% by mass of heat-fusible fiber. As it is easy to handle, it can be used for malodor treatment simply by dispersing it in its original shape in the trash can or coffin, etc. Also, the adsorption speed is fast and activated carbon fiber does not fall off during use. It is also a suitable adsorbent as a malodor processing material.

Next, a method for measuring the equilibrium adsorption amount of acetaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and toluene at an equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm in the activated carbon fiber according to the present invention will be described. Cut five small pieces from the rod-shaped focused adsorbent so that the mass is different, and the acetaldehyde concentration is 500 each.
It was allowed to stand still for 24 hours in a Tedlar bag with ppm and a gas volume of 3 L, and after 24 hours, the acetaldehyde concentration was measured with a Kitagawa-type detector tube. The equilibrium adsorption amount at an acetaldehyde equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm was obtained from the relational expression between the equilibrium concentration and the equilibrium adsorption amount obtained by plotting these data on a graph. Also,
The equilibrium adsorption amount of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and toluene at an equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm was measured by the same method as above.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. Example 1 22% by mass of activated carbon fibers for removing lower aldehydes (“Adol A-type” manufactured by Unitika Ltd., fiber length 20 mm or more: equilibrium adsorption amount at acetaldehyde equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm is 40 mg / g)
And activated carbon fiber for aromatic compound removal (Unitika "Adol A10" fiber length 20 mm or more: toluene equilibrium concentration 10 pp
18 mass% of equilibrium adsorption amount in m is 150 mg / g) and 60 mass% of polyester-based heat-fusible fiber (Melty 4080 manufactured by Unitika Fiber Co., Ltd., fiber length 50 mm) are opened by a carding machine and mixed. A card sliver having a mass of 6 g per 1 m was used.

This card sliver is heated by passing through a cylindrical heater in which an air jet of 150 ° C. is blown, and the heat-fusible fibers are melted to partially bond the fibers and then air at room temperature. It is introduced into a cylindrical body with a diameter of 7 mm that has been blown into it at a speed of 75 cm / min.
A rod-shaped fiber bundle of mm was obtained. This rod-shaped fiber bundle was cut into a length of 8 mm to obtain a columnar column having a bulk density of 0.050 g / cm ³ for use as an odor removing activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundle adsorbent.

The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for removing malodor was packed in a non-woven bag in an amount of 30 g and hung in a passenger car driven by a person who smokes. Five cigarettes per day (200 cigarettes for 40 days) ) When smoked, the cigarette odor was absorbed and removed, and there was no cigarette odor in the car.

Example 2 Activated carbon fiber for alkali gas removal (“Adol N-type” manufactured by Unitika Ltd., fiber length 20 mm or more: ammonia equilibrium concentration)
Equilibrium adsorption amount at 10 ppm is 70 mg / g) 20% by mass and polyester heat-fusible fiber (Melty 4080 manufactured by Unitika Fiber Co., fiber length 50 mm) 80% by mass is opened and mixed by a carding machine, A card sliver having a mass of 6 g per 1 m was used.

This card sliver is heated by passing through a cylindrical heater in which an air jet of 150 ° C. is blown, and the heat-fusible fibers are melted to partially bond the fibers, and then air at room temperature is used. Was introduced into a trilobal-type tubular body having a diameter of 8 mm at a speed of 75 cm / min and cooled while being compressed to obtain a rod-shaped fiber bundle having a diameter of 8 mm. This rod-shaped fiber bundle was cut to a length of 10 mm, and the bulk density was 0.080 g / c.
An activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focusing adsorbent for removing malodor having a tri-loval cross-sectional shape of m ³ .

When 50 g of the obtained activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for odor removal was packed in a non-woven bag and hung in a doghouse, no pet odor was found for 2 months.

Example 3 Activated carbon fiber for acid gas removal (“Adol S” manufactured by Unitika Ltd.)
S-type "fiber length 20mm or more: Hydrogen sulfide equilibrium concentration 10pp
The equilibrium adsorption amount in m is 300 g / g) 5% by mass, and the polyester heat-fusible fiber (Melty 4080 manufactured by Unitika Fiber Co., fiber length 50 mm) 95% by mass is opened and mixed by a carding machine, A card sliver having a mass of 6 g per 1 m was used.

This card sliver is heated by passing through a cylindrical heater in which an air jet of 150 ° C. is blown, and the heat-fusible fibers are melted to partially bond the fibers, and then air at room temperature is used. Was introduced into a trilobal-type tubular body having a diameter of 8 mm at a speed of 75 cm / min and cooled while being compressed to obtain a rod-shaped fiber bundle having a diameter of 8 mm. This rod-shaped fiber bundle was cut into a length of 10 mm, and the bulk density was 0.045 g / c.
An activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focusing adsorbent for removing malodor having a tri-loval cross-sectional shape of m ³ .

50 g of the obtained activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for removing malodor was dispersed and sprayed in the casket containing the body at appropriate intervals, and the smell that had been obtained up to that point disappeared.

Comparative Example 1 Activated carbon fiber for acid gas removal ("Adol S" manufactured by Unitika Ltd.)
S-type "fiber length 20mm or more: Hydrogen sulfide equilibrium concentration 10pp
The equilibrium adsorption amount in m is 300 g / g) 5% by mass, and the polyester heat-fusible fiber (Melty 4080 manufactured by Unitika Fiber Co., fiber length 50 mm) 95% by mass is opened and mixed by a carding machine, A card sliver having a mass of 6 g per 1 m was used.

The card sliver is heated by passing through a cylindrical heater in which an air jet of 150 ° C. is blown, and the heat fusible fibers are melted to partially bond the fibers, and then the air at room temperature is used. Was introduced into a trilobal-type tubular body having a diameter of 8 mm at a speed of 75 cm / min and cooled while being compressed to obtain a rod-shaped fiber bundle having a diameter of 8 mm. This rod-shaped fiber bundle was cut into a length of 10 mm, and the bulk density was 0.010 g / c.
An activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focusing adsorbent for removing malodor having a tri-loval cross-sectional shape of m ³ .

When 50 g of the obtained activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for odor removal was attempted to be dispersed and dispersed in the casket containing the body, the shape collapsed and it could not be used.

Comparative Example 2 22% by mass of activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes (“Adol A-type” manufactured by Unitika Ltd., fiber length 20 mm or more: equilibrium adsorption amount at acetaldehyde equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm is 40 mg / g).
And activated carbon fiber for aromatic compound removal (Unitika "Adol A10" fiber length 20 mm or more: toluene equilibrium concentration 10 pp
Equilibrium adsorption amount at m is 150 mg / g) 18% by mass and polyester-based heat-fusible fiber (Melty 4080 manufactured by Unitika Fiber Co., fiber length 50 mm) 60% by mass are opened and mixed by a carding machine, A card sliver having a mass of 6 g per 1 m was used.

This card sliver is heated by passing through a cylindrical heater in which an air jet of 150 ° C. is blown, and the heat fusible fibers are melted to partially bond the fibers, and then air at room temperature is used. Was introduced into a trilobal-type tubular body having a diameter of 4 mm at a speed of 75 cm / min and cooled while being compressed to obtain a rod-shaped fiber bundle having a diameter of 4 mm. This rod-shaped fiber bundle was cut to a length of 10 mm, and the bulk density was 0.160 g / c.
An activated carbon fiber rod-shaped fiber bundle adsorbent for removing malodor having a tri-loval cross-sectional shape of m ³ .

30 g of the obtained activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for removing malodor was packed in a non-woven bag and hung in a passenger car driven by a person who smokes cigarettes.
The odor could be removed only up to 0 (10 days).

[0041]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The malodor removing activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent of the present invention is easy to handle and can be used as it is. Further, the malodorous component is adsorbed at a high rate, and the activated carbon fiber does not fall off during use. Therefore, the activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focusing adsorbent for removing malodor of the present invention is a general living space, for example, a malodor generated from kitchen garbage in a household, a malodor generated from a toilet,
It is effective for removing pet odors, indoor environment pollution caused by harmful chemical substances such as formaldehyde which is a causative substance of sick house syndrome, bad odors in automobiles, and odors generated from the bodies inside the casket at funerals.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes, an activated carbon fiber for removing an alkali gas, an activated carbon fiber for removing an acidic gas and an activated carbon fiber for removing an aromatic compound, at least one kind of activated carbon fiber of 3 to 90% by mass, It is composed of 97 to 10% by mass of heat-fusible fiber and has a bulk density of 0.015 to 0.015.
0.150 g / cm ³ of activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for odor removal. 2. An activated carbon fiber for removing lower aldehydes,
The equilibrium adsorption amount is 20 mg at an acetaldehyde equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm.
The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped bundled adsorbent for malodor removal according to claim 1, which is an activated carbon fiber having an amount of / g or more. 3. The activated carbon fiber rod-shaped focused adsorbent for malodor removal according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fiber for removing alkali gas is an activated carbon fiber having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 50 mg / g or more at an ammonia equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm. 4. The rod-like activated carbon fiber rod for malodor removal according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fiber rod for acid gas removal is an activated carbon fiber rod having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 200 mg / g or more at a hydrogen sulfide equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm. Focused adsorbent. 5. The rod-like activated carbon fiber rod for malodor removal according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fiber rod for aromatic compound removal is an activated carbon fiber rod having an equilibrium adsorption amount of 70 mg / g or more at a toluene equilibrium concentration of 10 ppm. Focused adsorbent.