JP2003225869A - Wheel as processing tool, spacer, and processing tool as combination of wheel and spacer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the occurrence of problems in conventional multiple setting methods in cutting a hard and fragile material by forming a board of a wheel and a spacer light without depending on a material change. <P>SOLUTION: This wheel for processing is the one for cutting work with a plurality of wheels installed on a rotary shaft. An abrasive material layer 13 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the substrate 10 to form an edge, through holes 11a of large diameters are formed in the outer circumferential part 10a of the substrate 10, and through holes 11b of small diameters are formed in an inner circumferential part 10b. A plurality of circular through holes are formed in a circumferential direction, with the through holes 11a in the outer circumferential part larger than the through holes 11b in the inner circumferential part. The board 10 can be reduced in weight without generating the high concentration of stress close to the through holes. By forming similar through holes in the spacer, the spacer can also be reduced in weight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing wheel and a spacer used for cutting hard brittle materials such as rare earth magnets, ferrite, glass, and quartz, and a processing tool in which the wheel and the spacer are combined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 56-76381 discloses a cutting process for rare earth magnets, ferrite, glass, quartz and the like.
JP-A-63-109980, JP-A-9-1744
The cutting wheel described in Japanese Patent No. 41, etc. is used. The basic structure of these wheels is a structure in which an abrasive material layer is fixed to the outer peripheral portion or the inner peripheral portion of a thin-walled substrate formed in an annular shape to form a cutting edge portion.

In such a wheel, in order to increase the material yield of the material to be cut, the cutting edge portion and the substrate are as thin as possible, and the thickness of the substrate is currently about 0.2 mm for the peripheral blade wheel. It is possible to manufacture up to about 0.05 mm with the inner blade wheel. Such a thin substrate is required to be a substrate having an excellent function of ensuring mechanical strength and preventing deformation due to friction with a material to be cut or chips during cutting.

Conventionally, iron-based alloys and cemented carbides have been used as such substrates. For example, the above-mentioned JP-A-56
In the wheel described in JP-A-76381, SK steel is used, and in the wheel described in JP-A-63-109980, Fe-.
The C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo-W-V alloy is WC-Co in the wheel described in JP-A-9-174441.
System, WC-TiC-Co system, WC-TiC-TaC-C
O-based cemented carbide is used.

[0005]

By the way, a conventional substrate using an iron-based alloy or cemented carbide has a total weight of wheels when a plurality of wheels are set in a cutting machine (multi-set) and cut. The load on the cutting machine will increase, the load on the cutting machine will increase, the cutting accuracy will deteriorate due to the bending of the spindle, the rigidity of the cutting machine will be insufficient, and abnormal vibration will occur, which will overload the motor and damage the spindle section. Is caused.

In order to reduce the total weight of the wheels, in order to reduce the total weight of the wheels, aluminum spacers are used as spacers for setting the wheel intervals. However, since aluminum is a non-magnetic material in aluminum spacers, it is not possible to tightly fix the aluminum machining material to the magnetic material machining table with a grinding machine for manufacturing the spacer. The thickness accuracy, flatness, and flatness of the wheels are inferior to those of iron spacers, and when the wheels are multi-set using this aluminum spacer, poor wheel spacing setting accuracy and cutting accuracy due to wheel runout occur. It has the drawback of being easy. In addition, the thickness of the spacer is 5 mm
If it is thinner, the aluminum processed material is deformed by the grinding heat during the surface grinding by the grinder, and it is difficult to manufacture the spacer with high accuracy.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the weight of the wheel substrate and the spacer without changing the material in the cutting process of hard and brittle materials, etc., and prevent the occurrence of problems in the conventional multi-setting. It is in.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a processing wheel for attaching a plurality of wheels to a rotary shaft to perform cutting processing, and has an abrasive material layer on the outer peripheral surface of a flat ring-shaped substrate. A plurality of circular through holes are formed in the circumferential direction in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the base plate of the wheel that is firmly fixed to form the cutting edge portion, and the outer peripheral through hole has a diameter larger than that of the inner peripheral portion. It is characterized in that it is a through hole. Here, the processing wheel may be a processing wheel that performs a cutting process by attaching a plurality of wheels to a rotating shaft through a spacer, and the substrate is a substrate in which a spacer portion and a substrate body portion are integrated. Therefore, the processing wheel may be a processing wheel that is provided with a plurality of wheels attached to the rotating shaft without a spacer and performs cutting processing.

In the processing wheel of the present invention, the thickness of the substrate to which the spacer is added or the thickness of the substrate in which the spacer portion is integrated is about 5 mm or less, and a plurality of spacers are provided with or without the spacer. It is a processing wheel that is used to cut hard and brittle materials such as rare earth magnets, ferrites, glass, and crystals by attaching the wheel to a rotating shaft with a fixture (this is called a multi-set). Although the substrate is made lighter by forming the through holes in the substrate, if the through holes are formed randomly, high stress concentration may occur near the through holes of the substrate during processing. The present inventors have conducted structural analysis on the rotational strength of the substrate at the time of cutting by forming the through holes in various forms in the substrate, and have found the conditions for forming the through holes that minimize the stress concentration.

The most important condition for forming the through hole that minimizes the stress concentration is that the through hole in the outer peripheral portion of the substrate has a larger diameter than that of the through hole in the inner peripheral portion. When a plurality of through holes are formed in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the substrate in the circumferential direction, if a large-diameter through hole is formed in the inner peripheral portion, the distance between the holes becomes small, and the wheel is placed in this portion. Stress tends to concentrate when rotating. On the other hand, when the diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion is made larger than that of the through hole in the inner peripheral portion, the distance between the holes becomes large even if the aperture ratio is the same, and stress concentration is less likely to occur. Further, even if the aperture ratio is the same, the larger the diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion, the smaller the number of holes, and the processing cost can be reduced.

In the case of a processing wheel in which a plurality of wheels are attached to a rotating shaft via spacers to perform cutting processing, the through holes are formed in the range in which the substrate is in contact with the spacer. In the case of a processing hole in which the plate portion and the substrate main body portion are integrated, they are formed in the spacer portion of the substrate. In the case of a multi-set that attaches multiple wheels to the rotating shaft, the spacer contact part or spacer part of the board is firmly tightened by the flange of the wheel fixture, so sufficient rigidity is secured even if a through hole is formed in this part. To be done.

The size of the through-hole is preferably such that the inner diameter of the large-diameter through-hole is 50 to 70% of the radial length of the spacer contact portion or the range of the spacer portion. If the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion exceeds 70%, the number of holes is reduced, and the effect of weight reduction is reduced, while if the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion is less than 50%, the through hole in the inner peripheral portion is reduced. Inevitably, the number of through holes in the inner peripheral portion is reduced, and the effect of weight reduction is reduced. By forming such through-holes, the weight of the substrate is reduced, and even when the iron spacer is used, the same weight reduction effect can be obtained as when the spacer is changed to the aluminum spacer.

Here, it is desirable that the number of through holes formed in the outer peripheral portion and the number of through holes formed in the inner peripheral portion are each 6 or more. If the number of through holes in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion is 5 or less, the volume removed by forming the through holes is small and the effect of reducing the weight of the substrate cannot be obtained.

The necessary reduction amount of the weight of the above-mentioned substrate or the substrate with the spacer is due to the weight constraint when mounting on the machine tool,
It depends on the rigidity of the machine tool and the required machining accuracy. For example, when 80 wheels are set, the total weight of a wheel of a substrate having a small aperture ratio reaches about 40 kg, and the work of mounting it on a machine tool becomes heavy. Further, when the deflection of the spindle becomes large, oblique cutting occurs, and the cutting accuracy required for precision cutting of rare earth magnets or the like cannot be obtained. In consideration of these matters, the weight of the entire fixture after the wheel is assembled and the proper weight per wheel are set.

Further, regarding the spacer attached to the rotary shaft together with the wheel at the time of multi-setting, the weight of the spacer can be reduced by providing the through hole according to the same design concept as that of the substrate. That is, the spacer of the present invention is a spacer to be used by being attached to a rotary shaft together with a plurality of wheels for machining, and circular through holes are formed in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of a spacer body molded in a flat ring shape. A plurality of through holes in the outer peripheral portion are formed to have a larger diameter than the through holes in the inner peripheral portion, and the inner diameter of the through holes in the outer peripheral portion is 50 to 70 of the radial length of the spacer body. It is characterized by being set as%.

By providing such a through hole, even if the spacer main body is made of iron, it can be made as heavy as aluminum, and the total weight when combined with the wheel can be reduced. This spacer can be combined with a wheel that does not have a through hole, and in this case, the same weight reduction effect as when changing the conventional iron spacer to an aluminum spacer can be achieved and the drawbacks of the aluminum spacer can be avoided. it can. When combined with the wheel with the above through holes,
Exhibits a further weight reduction effect.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below based on experimental examples. 1 to 3 are views showing a wheel for cutting used for an experiment, FIG. 1 is a wheel (invention product) according to the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is A- of (a). B
It is a -C line sectional view. FIG. 2 shows a comparative wheel (a).
Is a front view of a wheel (Comparative Product 1) having a large number of small-diameter through-holes, and (b) is a front view of a wheel (Comparative Product 2) having a small-diameter outer peripheral portion and a large-diameter through-hole inner peripheral portion. is there. Figure 3
FIG. 3A is a front view of a wheel without a through hole (conventional products 1 and 2) of the related art, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line D-D of (a).

The wheel shown in FIG. 1 is a wheel according to the present invention, in which a large diameter through hole 11a is formed in the outer peripheral portion 10a of the spacer portion 10c of the substrate 10 with spacers, and the inner peripheral portion 10b.
The wheel has a small-diameter through hole 11b formed therein. Figure 2
The wheel shown in is the wheel of the comparative example used for the experiment,
The wheel of (a) is a wheel in which small diameter through holes 21a and 21b having different inner diameters are formed in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the substrate 20, and the wheel of (b) is a large through hole in the inner peripheral portion of the substrate 30. 31a is formed, and a small-diameter through hole 31b is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the wheel. The wheel shown in FIG. 3 is a conventional wheel having no through hole, and the substrate 40 and the spacer 50 are separate bodies. 1 to 3, 12 is a wheel mounting hole, and 13 is an abrasive layer. Abrasive layer 13 is # 1
40/170 diamond abrasive grains are bonded at a concentration of 100 using resinoid bonds.

[Experimental Example 1] Table 1 shows the materials of the substrate and spacer of the wheel used in the experiment, the weight per wheel including the spacer portion, the flatness of the spacer portion, and the deflection of the abrasive layer. The board is made of iron and has an outer diameter of 175 m.
m, the inner diameter of the mounting hole is 30 mm, and the outer diameter of the spacer is 1
The thickness of the abrasive layer is 46 mm and the thickness is 3.5 mm, and the thickness of the abrasive layer is 0.6 mm. Diamond abrasive grains were used as the abrasive grains of the abrasive layer, the concentration of the abrasive grains was 100, and resinoid bond was used as the binder. The flatness of the spacer portion was measured at 24 points on the outer surface using a three-dimensional measuring device. Regarding the runout of the abrasive layer, the runout of the abrasive layer during rotation was measured with a dial gauge.

[0020]

[Table 1]

The weight including the spacer is almost the same as that of the wheel of the conventional product 2 using the spacer made of aluminum in the case of the wheel of the invention. The wheel of the comparative product 1 in which a large number of small-diameter through holes are formed has a weight of 506 g, which is close to that of the wheel of the conventional product 1 using the iron spacer, and the effect of reducing the weight is low. The flatness of the spacer portion and the runout of the abrasive layer of the wheel of the invention product were similar to those of the wheel of the conventional product 1.

[Experimental Example 2] Structural analysis was carried out on the rotational strengths of the wheels of the invention product 1 and the comparative product 2. Diamond abrasive grains are used for the abrasive grains of the abrasive layer, and the degree of concentration of the abrasive grains is 100,
A resinoid bond was used as a binder, and the wheel circumferential speed was calculated as 120 m / sec. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0023]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, the peripheral speed is 120 m / sec.
It was found that in the case of the wheel of the comparative product 2 in which the large diameter through hole was formed in the inner peripheral portion when it was rotated at a high speed, extremely high stress concentration occurred between the large diameter through holes, which was dangerous. Therefore, in order to avoid stress concentration, it was confirmed that it is important to form the large diameter through hole in the outer peripheral portion and the small diameter through hole in the inner peripheral portion.

[Experimental Example 3] Wheels were manufactured in the basic shape shown in FIG. 1 with various inner diameters of through holes. Inner diameter, number, and dimension A of the large-diameter through holes in the outer peripheral portion (10a in FIG. 1B)
Table 3 shows the ratio of the total length of 10 to 10b and the real number is 58 mm), the inner diameter and the number of the small-diameter through holes in the inner peripheral portion, the ratio to the inner diameter of the large-diameter through holes, and the weight of the wheel.

[0026]

[Table 3]

As can be seen from Table 3, when the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion exceeds 70% of the dimension A, the number of holes is reduced and the effect of weight reduction is reduced, while the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion is reduced. If it is less than 50% of the dimension A, the through holes in the inner peripheral portion must be enlarged, and the number of the through holes in the inner peripheral portion is reduced, so that the effect of reducing the weight is reduced. From this, it is understood that the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion is in the range of 50 to 70% of the dimension A, and the number is preferably 6 or more. Further, it can be seen that the inner diameter of the through hole in the inner peripheral portion is in the range of 30 to 70% of the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion, and the number is preferably 6 or more.

The above experimental example is an experimental result for a substrate in which the spacer portion and the substrate body portion are integrated.
It was confirmed that, even when the through hole was formed in the conventional iron spacer, by forming the through hole under the same conditions, it is possible to reduce the total weight of the machining tool in the case of multi-set without causing stress concentration.

[0029]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION A plurality of circular through holes are formed in the circumferential direction in the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of a wheel substrate for cutting and the like, and the outer peripheral through holes are larger than the inner peripheral through holes. The diameter of the through hole makes it possible to reduce the weight of the substrate without causing high stress concentration in the vicinity of the through hole. By setting the size and the number of the through holes to the optimum values, the weight reduction effect can be maximized. Further, by providing a through hole for the spacer used with the wheel according to the same design concept as the wheel, the weight of the spacer itself can be reduced and the total weight of the machining tool combined with the wheel can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a cutting wheel according to the present invention, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ABC in (a).

2A and 2B are views showing a cutting wheel of a comparative example used in an experiment, FIG. 2A is a front view of a wheel in which a large number of small-diameter through holes are formed, and FIG. 2B is a front view of a wheel having a small outer diameter and a large inner diameter. It is a front view of the wheel which formed the through-hole.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a conventional cutting wheel without a through hole, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line D-D of (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

Substrate with spacer 11a, 31a Large diameter through hole 11b, 21a, 21b, 31b Small diameter through hole 12 Wheel mounting hole 13 Abrasive layer

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kenichiro Kumamoto             210 Takeno, Odaiba, Ukiha-gun, Fukuoka             Noritake Diamond Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3C063 AA02 AB03 BB02 BC03 BG01                       BG04 BG07 BH40 EE31 FF23                       FF30

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A processing wheel for mounting a plurality of wheels on a rotary shaft to perform cutting, for example, wherein an abrasive material layer is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of a flat ring-shaped substrate to form a cutting edge portion. A plurality of circular through holes are circumferentially formed in the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the substrate of the wheel, respectively, and the through hole of the outer peripheral portion has a larger diameter than the through hole of the inner peripheral portion. A processing wheel that has through holes in the substrate. 2. The processing wheel is a processing wheel that performs cutting by mounting a plurality of wheels on a rotating shaft via a spacer, and the inner diameter of the through hole of the outer peripheral portion is a range in which the substrate and the spacer are in contact with each other. 50 to 70 of the radial length of
%, The processing wheel having a through hole in the substrate according to claim 1. 3. A processing wheel, wherein a substrate of the wheel is a substrate in which a spacer portion and a substrate body portion are integrated, and wherein a plurality of wheels are attached to a rotary shaft to perform cutting without interposing spacers, The inner diameter of the through hole at the outer peripheral portion is 50 to 50 times the radial length in the range of the spacer portion of the substrate.
70% is a processing wheel having a through hole in the substrate according to claim 1. 4. The processing wheel having through holes in a substrate according to claim 2, wherein the number of through holes in the outer peripheral portion and the number of through holes in the inner peripheral portion are each 6 or more. 5. A spacer, which is used by being attached to a rotary shaft together with a plurality of wheels for processing, wherein circular through holes are circumferentially formed in an outer peripheral portion and an inner peripheral portion of a spacer body formed in a flat ring shape. A plurality of through holes in the outer peripheral portion are formed to have a larger diameter than the through holes in the inner peripheral portion, and the inner diameter of the through hole in the outer peripheral portion is 50 to 70% of the radial length of the spacer body. A spacer to be used with the processing wheel characterized by the above. 6. The spacer according to claim 6, wherein the number of through holes in the outer peripheral portion and the number of through holes in the inner peripheral portion are each 6 or more. 7. A machining tool in which the machining wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and the spacer according to claim 5 or 6 are combined.