JP2003200916A - Open drum and its processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an open drum and a method for processing a drum barrel part in which either a plate thickness of a top lid or a band is not made thick, insertion of an iron core into a barrel curled part is not required and a special countermeasure for clearing test standards is not applied. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided an open drum in which a top lid 3 having a gasket 4 installed thereto is fastened and connected to a barrel curl part 2 through a band 5. The barrel curl part 2 is formed into a swirl shape in which its extremity end enters the curl. In addition, there is provided a method for processing an open drum barrel carried out by applying either a flanger ring or a curl roll. A curvature of a groove at the flanger ring or the curl roll at its output side is made smaller than that at its input side, a curvature at the extremity end of the drum barrel is made small, its extremity end is entered inside to form a swirl-shaped curl part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an open drum from which a top plate can be freely removed and a method of processing the open drum, and more particularly to a steel open drum and an open drum body suitable for transporting and storing dangerous substances. Related to the processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a canopy-dismounting type open drum has a canopy and a curl portion on one end side of a body joined by a band. The canopy can be attached or detached by tightening or loosening the band. Is going. A rubber gasket (packing) is attached to the inside of the canopy at a portion that comes into contact with the curl of the body, and has a structure for preventing leakage of contents during tightening. Such open drums are widely used not only for transporting solids or liquids but also for transporting the contents or storing them in a certain place.

For example, when the contents are carried by an open drum by a ship, an air means, or a land transportation means, it is possible that the open drum is often impacted. Depending on the degree of the impact, the tightened portion of the band is deformed and the contents are May leak. It is not a problem as long as the contents are less dangerous, but the contents are highly dangerous such as chemicals (paints, solvents, etc.), flammable or toxic substances, or corrosive substances. In the following, it will be a big problem in the case of transportation of only "dangerous goods". Regarding the transport of dangerous goods, the "Marine Transport and Storage Regulations for Dangerous Goods" has been established in Japan as well as the same for air transport, and the inspection and test standards for various shipping containers are established for that purpose. . Among them, as a performance test required for steel drums,
A drop test, an airtight test, a water pressure test, and a stacking test are included, and a pass rate of 100% is required in any of the tests.

Among the above-mentioned tests, the drop test and the water pressure test are particularly problematic for the steel open drum. Due to the structure of the open drum, the canopy is only connected to the body curl with a band, so the impact on the drop test or the pressure on the hydraulic test deforms the canopy, the band, and the body, leaving a gap between the body curl and the canopy. Occurs, the sealing effect of the gasket is lost, and there is a risk of leakage of the contents. A state in which the joint portion of the conventional steel open drum is deformed by the impact of the drop test will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 8
(A) is a cross-sectional view of the coupling portion, 1 is a drum body, 2 '
Is a body curl portion formed at the upper end of the body 1, 3 is a canopy having a gasket 4 mounted in an arc-shaped periphery, and 5 is a band for wrapping and tightening the body curl portion 2'and the canopy 3 from the outside. Is. The body curl portion 2'and the canopy 3 are in close contact with each other with a gasket 4 interposed therebetween, and the sealing effect thereof seals the inside of the open drum.

In a drop test, which is a performance standard for liquid dangerous goods containers, the drop position is determined by using a bolt portion (a lever tightening portion in a lever type) that tightens a band as an impact point and a direction at 4 o'clock or 8 o'clock. There is a method in which the bolt part (or lever tightening part) is combined with and this is used as the impact point.
In particular, in the case of a test in which the bolt portion of the band tightening portion is used as an impact point in the direction of 4 o'clock or 8 o'clock, as shown in FIG. As a result of the canopy 3 swelling from the gaps at both ends of the band and the lower end surface of the body curl portion 2'being crushed, a gap 6 is created between the body curl portion 2'and the gasket 4 and the band 5 to tighten the band tightening force. And the sealing effect of the gasket disappeared, leading to leakage from the gap 6. On the other hand, also in the water pressure test, the water pressure from the inner surface of the drum container causes the canopy and the base plate to swell, and the pressure also exerts a force on the upper and lower sides of the U-shaped band. As a result, the lower end surface of the body curl portion is crushed. As with the drop test,
There was a gap between the band and the curl, which caused leakage of the contents.

In the past, in order to meet the above test criteria, (a) increase the thickness of the canopy to reduce the amount of deformation of the canopy (body and base plate are 1.2 mm, and only the canopy is 1.6 mm thick). And (b) increase the thickness of the band for connecting the canopy and the fuselage to reduce the deformation of the band (2.0 mm to 2.3 mm), (c) iron in the curl of the fuselage. The core was used to increase strength by inserting a core.

[0007]

However, the above measures (a) and (b) are not preferable because the material is added and the weight is increased, and even if these measures are taken, a 100% pass is obtained. There was a problem that was out of proportion. Further, in the measure of (c), there are many restrictions on the processing of the iron core and the processing of putting the iron core in the curl, and there is a problem that there is a great disadvantage in terms of cost. The object of the present invention is to
An open drum and its drum body that do not require any special measures to meet the test standard, without increasing the thickness of the canopy or band and eliminating the need to insert an iron core into the body curl. It is to provide a processing method of.

[0008]

The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows. (1) In an open drum in which a canopy equipped with a gasket is fastened and coupled to a body curl portion via a band, the body curl portion is formed in a spiral shape so that the tip of the body curl portion is inserted into the curl. Open drum. (2) The open drum according to (1), wherein the length L by which the tip penetrates into the curl is 1 / 2D ≦ L ≦ 1D in relation to the outer diameter D of the curl. (3) By pressing a flanger ring having a groove with an arc cross section from the end of the drum body, the end of the drum body is bent along the groove of the flanger ring to form a circular curl portion. In the processing method, the curvature of the groove of the flanger ring is made smaller on the outlet side than on the inlet side, and the curvature on the tip side of the drum body is reduced so that the tip enters inside to form a curled portion having a spiral shape. How to process open drum. (4) An open drum body that forms a curl having a circular shape by curling the drum body while gradually bending the flange while rotating the drum body while bringing the flange protruding from the drum body into contact with a curl roll having a groove having an arc section. In the processing method described above, the curl roll has a groove having a curvature smaller on the exit side than on the entrance side, and the curvature on the tip end side of the drum body is reduced to form the spiral curl portion by allowing the tip to enter the inside. Characteristic open drum processing method. (5) The body is rotated while contacting the end of the body formed in a circular shape with a curl roll having a groove having an arcuate cross section, or the end is formed while fixing the body and rotating the roller along the end of the body. In a method for processing an open drum body in which a curl is formed by curling gradually to form a circular curl portion, the curvature of the groove of the curl roll is set to be smaller on the outlet side than on the inlet side, and the curvature on the tip side of the drum body is reduced. A method for processing an open drum, which is characterized in that a curl having a spiral shape is formed by making the tip smaller and allowing the tip to enter the inside. (6) The curvature ratio on the inlet side and the outlet side of the groove of the flanger ring or the curl roll is set in the range of 50:50 to 65:35, (3) to (5). Open drum processing method.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the inventors of the present invention have clarified the leakage mechanism in the conventional open drum as a result of many experiments. As a result, the major factor causing the deformation due to the drop impact as shown in FIG. 8B is the body of the conventional open drum. It was found that the shape of the curl part. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the conventional body curl portion 2 '
The shape of (1) is almost circular, and the tip of the curl portion faces the body 1 with a slight space, or in some cases, the tip is in contact with the body portion. With such a body curl shape, the strength in the vertical direction (the direction in which the band compresses the gasket) becomes insufficient, and when the canopy or band is deformed due to external impact or increase in internal pressure,
The force against the deformation is weak and the body curl part is shown in Fig. 7 (b).
Deformation such as that shown in (1) will occur.

On the other hand, the shape of the body curl portion to which the present invention is applied is shown in FIG. That is, the curl portion 2 on one end side of the drum body 1 to which the canopy is attached is attached to the tip 2a thereof.
Is formed into a spiral shape that penetrates into the curl portion. Unlike the conventional one, the curl tip 2a always enters the curl. In other words, the curl tip 2a has an indentation of a constant length substantially parallel to the outer surface of the body 1 (or having a certain angle). It is important to have. In the present invention, the body curl portion 2 having a spiral shape means that there are even a few double parallel portions (not necessarily parallel) in the curl.
The length L of the indented portion needs to be at least about 1 / 2D with respect to the outer diameter D of the curl portion, but even if the length L is further extended to enter the spiral shape, it is still effective in terms of strength. However, considering the required performance and the material cost, the upper limit of the length L is appropriately about 1D. The most preferable range of the length L of the entering portion is 0.8D ≦ L ≦ 1D.

When an open drum is manufactured as shown in FIG. 2 (a) with the drum body having the body curl shape of the present invention, and an impact such as a drop is given in this state,
Since the body curl portion 2 has a spiral shape, even if a strong force is applied in the compression direction of the gasket, the curl portion 2 is not deformed and crushed, and maintains its shape as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Therefore, there is no possibility that a gap is created between the curl portion 2 and the lower portion of the gasket 4 and the band 5. Therefore, even if the canopy 3 or the band 5 is deformed, it does not lead to a large deformation of the body curl portion 2, and the risk of leakage of the contents is reduced.

Next, a method of processing an open drum having a body curl portion shape of the present invention will be described. There are two types of manufacturing methods, a processing method using a curl ring and a processing method using a curl roll. In the present invention, the desired shape can be easily imparted to the drum body regardless of which method is adopted. .

(1) Processing by Curl Ring As shown in FIG. 3, a flanger ring (curl ring) 7 formed in a ring-shaped mold structure having a groove 7a having an arc cross section is held at one end of the drum body 1. By pressing from the other end side, as shown in FIG. 4A, the end of the drum body is bent and processed along the groove 7a of the mold to form a circular curl portion 2c. At this time, by increasing the ring pressing force of the processing machine, the tip of the curl portion 2c enters the inside of the curl after hitting the body 1, and FIG.
As described above, the curled portion 2 having a spiral shape is formed.

Normally, as shown in FIG. 5, the entry side of the groove 7a of the flanger ring 7 (the portion where the tip of the work piece hits first)
8 and the exit side (the point just before the tip comes out of the groove) 9 have the same curvature R, and JIS standard (JISZ1600)
Then, when the curl outer diameter is 11 mm, the curvature of the flanger ring 7 becomes a semicircle of 5.5R. The curvature changes according to the set dimension of the curl outer diameter. In the present invention, in order to make the formation of the body curl portion 2 of a desired shape smoother, the R dimensions of the inlet side 8 and the outlet side 9 of the groove 7a of the flanger ring 7 are made different. That is, by making the R dimension of the outlet side 9 smaller than the R dimension of the inlet side 8, when the tip portion of the work material hits the body side in a circular arc, the tip portion curvature is small, so that the tip portion is small. There is no bite into the body of the car and it will enter the inside smoothly. The specific ratio of the R dimensions on the inlet side 8 and the outlet side 9 is preferably in the range of 50:50 to 65:35. For example, the curl outer diameter is 11
In the case of mm, if the curvature of the entrance side is 6R, the curvature of the exit side is 5R. Also, assuming that the incoming side is 6.5R, the outgoing side is 4.5R. If the difference in curvature between the inlet side 8 and the outlet side 9 is large, the curl shape deviates from the circular shape, so it is better not to make the residual difference large.

(2) Processing by Curl Roll As shown in FIG. 6 (a), a curl roll 10 which rotates around a vertical axis and has a groove 10a having an arc cross section has a substantially linear shape from a drum body 1 which is vertically erected. The drum body is rotated while contacting the flange 1a bent in the direction. The flange 1a is curled while being gradually bent along the groove 10a of the curl roll 10 and, after passing through the circular curl 2c of FIG. 6 (b), finally a workpiece along the curvature of the groove 10a at the tip of the workpiece. The curled portion 2 having a spiral shape 6 (c) is formed. Also in this case, as in FIG. 5, the curl roll groove 10 is used.
By making the R dimension on the outlet side smaller than the R dimension on the inlet side of a, it becomes easier for the tip of the work material to enter the inside of the curl, which facilitates the spiral curl target of the present invention. Can be obtained. At this time, the ratio of the curvatures on the inlet side and the outlet side is
It is preferable to set it in the range of 50:50 to 65:35, but it is appropriately determined from the number of rotations of the body and the processing amount per one rotation. Here, when the curl has a diameter of 12 mm, the curvature on the entrance side may be about 6 to 7R and the curvature on the exit side may be about 6 to 5R.
The size here is also determined by the curl outer diameter setting,
As with the curling process, it is desirable not to make the difference between the inlet and outlet sides too large.

As an example of processing with a curl roll, a method of directly curling the body end portion shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B can be mentioned. That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, the curl roll 11 having the groove 11a having an arc cross section is
As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the body 1 is rotated while contacting the end of the body 1 formed in a circular shape, or the body 1 is fixed and the curl roll 11 is rotated along the end of the body. While curling the end portion gradually, the curl portion 2 having a circular shape is formed. Even in such a method of processing an open drum body, the groove 11 of the curl roll is also used.
Regarding the curvature of a, the exit side is made smaller than the entrance side, the curvature at the tip end side of the drum body is made smaller, and the tip end is inserted inside to form a curled portion having a spiral shape.

[0017]

[Examples] [Implementation conditions] -Target drum (MHM open drum for liquid hazardous materials) Body, canopy and base plate thickness: 1.2mm Body curl outer diameter (D): 12mm Curling depth (L) ： 10mm ・ Clamping band: 2.3U type 6R ・ Gasket: 11 × 17mm Material is white sponge packing (natural rubber-based synthetic rubber) ・ Curling part flanger ring inlet and outlet sides R:
Entry side 6R, exit side 5R ・ Test standard diagonal drop test: The impact point is where the bolt part of the band tightening part and the bolt part in the 4 o'clock direction are aligned. It was dropped at a drop height of 1.2 m and leakage was checked. Water pressure test: Water pressure was applied at a pressure of 110 kPa to examine internal leakage.

[Results of Implementation] When a drop test and a water pressure test were carried out under the above conditions, no leakage occurred. In addition, when the state of the band coupling part in the drop test was examined, no significant change was seen in the body curl part, and
It was confirmed that the dimension in the gasket compression direction was not reduced. Further, the same test was conducted on the open drums having different curl lengths (L) of 6 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm, but no problems occurred.

[0019]

According to the open drum of the present invention described above, it is possible to increase the thickness of the canopy and the band without increasing the plate thickness.
Moreover, it is possible to exceed various test standards as a container for transporting and storing dangerous substances with almost the same plate thickness without the need to insert an iron core into the curl of the body, and increase the material cost. The effect on the industry is extremely large because the amount is small. Further, according to the method for processing an open drum of the present invention, the processing of the curl portion of the body of the open drum described above can be handled by a simple modification of the processing machine without any special process. Can be used almost as it is, and it is possible to obtain an open drum exhibiting desired excellent performance without increasing the manufacturing cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional shape of a body curl portion in an open drum according to the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a state of a band connecting portion in an open drum according to the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a deformed state of FIG.

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a curl ring which is a processing means for a curl portion of an open drum body, and FIG. 3B is a view showing a processing method using the curl ring.

FIG. 4 (a) shows a processing process using a curl ring,
FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a further curled portion forming stage.

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the groove shape of the curl ring.

6A to 6C are process diagrams showing a process of processing a curl portion of an open drum body by a curl roll.

FIG. 7A is a schematic view showing another example of a method of processing a curl portion of an open drum body by a curl roll, and FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of a curling portion.

FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a state of a conventional open drum coupling portion having a shape of a body curl portion, and FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a deformed state of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional open drum body curl portion shape.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 drum body 2, 2'body curl portion 2a curl end portion 2c circular curl portion 3 canopy 4 gasket 5 tightening band 6 gap 7 flanger ring 7a flanger groove 8 groove entry side 9 groove exit side 10, 11 Curl rolls 10a, 11a
Curl roll groove

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 13, 2002 (2002.2.1
3)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 7

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 7]

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An open drum comprising a canopy fitted with a gasket and being fastened and coupled to a body curl portion via a band, wherein the body curl portion is formed in a spiral shape so that a tip of the body curl portion is inserted into the curl. Open drum to do. 2. A length L in which the tip is inserted into the curl.
Is 1 / 2D ≦ L ≦ 1 in relation to the outer diameter D of the curl.
The open drum according to claim 1, wherein the open drum is D. 3. A flanger ring having a groove with an arc cross section is pressed from the end side of the drum body,
In a method for processing an open drum body in which the end of the drum body is bent along the groove of the flanger ring to form a circular curl portion, the curvature of the groove of the flanger ring is set to be smaller on the outlet side than on the inlet side, and the drum body A method for processing an open drum, characterized in that a curl portion having a spiral shape is formed by making the curvature on the tip end side small and allowing the tip to enter the inside. 4. A curl roll having a groove having an arcuate cross section is rotated while the flange protruding from the drum body is brought into contact with the curl roll to gradually bend the curl to form a circular curl portion. In the method for processing a drum body, the curl roll has a groove having a curvature smaller on the exit side than on the entrance side, and the curvature on the tip end side of the drum body is decreased to allow the tip to enter the inside to form a spiral curl portion. A method of processing an open drum, which is characterized in that 5. A curl roll having a groove with an arcuate cross section is rotated while contacting the end of a circularly shaped body, or the body is fixed and the curl roll is rotated along the end of the body. While curling while gradually bending the end portion to form a circular curl portion, in the method for processing an open drum body, the curl is reduced to form a spiral curl portion by allowing the tip to enter inside. Open drum processing method. The curvature of the groove of the roll is smaller on the exit side than on the entrance side, and the curvature on the tip side of the drum body is 6. The curvature ratio of the entrance side and the exit side of the groove of the flanger ring or the curl roll is 50:50 to 65: 3.
5. The method for processing an open drum according to claim 3, wherein the range is 5.