JP2003193798A - Tunnel segment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel segment that is advantageous in terms of cost, while reducing the number of part items needed for a through hole and a plug mechanism, by devising the through hole and its plug structure formed on the outer periphery of the segment for the injection of grout. <P>SOLUTION: A number of tunnel segments are aligned and interconnected in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel to form the interior wall of the tunnel. The tunnel segment is made from a metal in the form of a box having a curved plate part 1c forming the outer periphery of the tunnel, a pair of arcuate plate parts 1a and 1a at both axial ends of the tunnel, and a pair of end face plate parts 1b and 1b at both circumferential ends of the tunnel. A thick-walled part 14 thicker than surrounding parts is formed in the mid part of the curved plate part 1c along the circumferential direction of the tunnel in such a manner as to prevent a decrease in strength even though the through hole 13 is formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel segment for forming a tunnel inner wall by arranging a plurality of them in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and in the axial direction of the tunnel and connecting them to each other, and more particularly to a metal segment such as cast iron. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case where a tunnel ring (tunnel) is formed by connecting and integrating tunnel segments, when the ground to be excavated has a relatively soft soil quality, the ground pressure causes the ground to flow and the outer circumference of the segment. It comes in contact with each other without gaps and becomes integrated, so that a relatively stable strength state of the tunnel can be obtained, but when the soil is hard soil, there is a gap between the outer circumference of the segment and the surroundings of the tunnel. The ground may not be stabilized.

In such a case, after the tunnel ring is formed by connecting the segments, a gap filling material such as grout is poured by using a through hole which is previously formed so as to extend over the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the segment. By supplying, the process of filling the gap space between the ground and the outer peripheral portion of the tunnel ring was performed. As a tunnel segment in which such a through hole is formed, JP-A-10-29 is known.
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 648 is known. That is, a through hole (grout injection hole) is provided by partially protruding the outer peripheral portion in the outer diameter direction in a cylindrical shape, and basically a screw lid is provided and the through hole is covered. . Then, when necessary, the screw lid was removed to inject the grout into the outer peripheral side of the tunnel.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the above publication,
As shown in FIG. 3 and the like, a male screw-shaped injection hole plug 1 in which a buffer body 8 is housed in a through hole 2 having a female screw portion 4 formed on the inner surface thereof, a ring packing 10, a check valve 11, etc. It has a structure in which a plurality of parts and mechanisms are screwed, and the through hole 2
Was constructed so that it could be shielded and opened. this is,
The through hole is not always used, but it can also be used for grout injection when there is a gap between the tunnel ring and the outer circumference because the soil of the ground to be tunneled is rock. because there is,
It is normally closed.

As a result, a plurality of structures such as through holes and stoppers
The through-hole-stopper mechanism consisting of components include, without either though do not know how to use, a is unreasonable that you also equipped in advance which segment, is disadvantageous in cost, room for improvement Seems to remain.

The object of the present invention is to reduce the number of parts required for the through hole / plug mechanism by improving the through hole formed in the outer peripheral portion of the segment for grout injection and the structure of the plug, thereby reducing the cost. The point is to obtain an advantageous tunnel segment.

[0007]

[Structure] The structure according to claim 1 is for a tunnel for forming an inner wall of a tunnel by arranging a plurality of them in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and in the axial direction of the tunnel and connecting them, as illustrated in FIG. In the segment, a box shape having a curved plate portion 1c forming the tunnel outer peripheral portion, a pair of arc-shaped plate portions 1a, 1a at both ends in the tunnel axial direction, and a pair of end face plate portions 1b, 1b at both ends in the tunnel circumferential direction. In addition, the curved plate portion 1c is characterized in that a thick portion 14 having a larger thickness than the surroundings is formed at an intermediate portion in the tunnel circumferential direction of the curved plate portion 1c.

The structure of claim 2 is as shown in FIG.
The structure according to claim 1, wherein the pair of arc-shaped plate portions 1a,
Rib portion 1f extending in the tunnel axial direction while extending between 1a
It is made of cast iron, and is characterized in that the thick portion 14 is formed between a pair of adjacent rib portions 1f, 1f at the center or substantially the center in the tunnel circumferential direction. .

As described above, the reference numerals are given for the sake of convenience in comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Operation] According to the constitution of claim 1, there is the following operation. That is, since the structure of claim 1 is the box-shaped metal segment having the outer peripheral portion, the pair of arc-shaped plate portions, and the pair of end face plate portions, which is a box-shaped metal segment, the strength and rigidity required as the segment are secured. However, it is possible to reduce the weight by reducing the thickness itself. And on the outer periphery,
Since a thick part thicker than the surroundings was formed, if a through hole such as grout injection is required to fill the gap with the rock bed on the outer peripheral side as a tunnel, form a through hole in the thick part. Try to use it.

That is, since it is often not used as a through hole, when it is used, it can be formed by post-processing so that the strength does not decrease even if the hole is formed. It is a means to keep. According to this, when the through hole is unnecessary, there is no additional component and no cost increase occurs. When a through hole is required, the through hole is formed in the thick portion of the required segment and a process such as grout injection is performed. After using the through hole, it is blocked by the solidified grout, so it is not necessary to do anything, or a lid (cap) may be press-fitted, or a caul plate may be welded to block the hole. You are free.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the thick-walled portion of the cast iron segment having a bottomless box shape and having a plurality of rib portions extending in the tunnel axial direction is defined. Since a thick wall is provided between the ribs at or near the center, it has a good shape in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the ribs hinder the work such as grout injection when the through hole is opened. It is also preferable that it is difficult to become.

[Effect] In the tunnel segment according to the first aspect, the idea is changed, and a thick wall portion is provided in the segment that requires a through hole for grout injection or the like. By means of preventing the strength from decreasing even if a through hole is formed by post-processing in the part, it is possible to obtain the necessary function by forming the through hole without lowering the strength, but with a large number of parts and cost. It was possible to provide economical and rational segments by eliminating the need for high through-hole / plug mechanisms.

In the tunnel segment according to the second aspect, in the cast iron segment having a plurality of ribs extending in the tunnel axial direction, the shape balance is deteriorated due to the thick portion (for example, the center of gravity during transportation of the segment or assembly of the segment). There is an advantage that the effect according to the configuration of claim 1 can be exerted in a state where there is no trouble due to the deviation of the groove) and the grout injection work from the through hole is easy to perform.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a tunnel ring TR constructed by using the tunnel segments SA, SB and SK according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a standard specification A segment SA.
Are shown respectively. A single unit tunnel ring tr in the tunnel axis direction (arrow A direction) has one K type segment SK among these three types of segments SA, SB, SK, and A type and B type segments SA, SB. A total of 5 segments, 2 each, in the tunnel circumferential direction (arrow B direction)
It is configured by connecting to.

The A-type segment SA has a shape symmetrical in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel, and the total length angle in the circumferential direction is set to 85.714 degrees. The B-type segment SA is basically the same as the A-type segment SA, but by moving the K-type segment SK from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side (see FIG. 1), a pair of B-type segments S is formed.
For convenience of pushing and setting between B and SB, only one difference is that the circumferential end surface 2b in the one circumferential direction of the tunnel is inclined in the direction in which the inner diameter side is narrowed with respect to the radial line (FIG. 6).
reference).

The K-shaped segment SK has a short basic angle in the tunnel circumferential direction of 17.143 degrees, and both circumferential end faces 5b and 5b thereof are inclined opposite to the circumferential end face 2b of the B-shaped segment SB. Is applied (see FIG. 7). Each of the segments S (SA, SB, SK) is made of ductile cast iron, and the structure thereof will be described from the basic type A segment SA.

-Regarding the A-type segment SA-As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the A-type segment SA has a substantially arc-shaped axial end surface (an example of an arc-shaped plate portion) 1a which is an end surface in the tunnel axial direction. 1a, circumferential end faces (an example of an end face plate portion) 1b, 1b that are end faces in the tunnel circumferential direction, outer peripheral face (an example of a curved plate portion) 1c, and two vertical ribs of almost the same shape as the axial end face 1a. It has a frame-like shape having 1g, 1g and a large number of lateral ribs (an example of rib portions) 1f extending in the tunnel axis direction.

A first bolt hole 4 (an example of a connecting portion R) for connecting a bolt and a nut to adjacent segments in the axial direction of the tunnel is formed on the axial end faces 1a, 1a at an equal angle D [approximately] in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. 17.143 degrees (1/5 of the overall angle of the A-type segment SA)] are formed at a total of 5 locations, and the circumferential end faces 1b and 1b are connected to adjacent segments in the tunnel circumferential direction by bolts and nuts. 2 second bolt holes 3 for the total of 4 bolts, 2 at each end in the axial direction of the tunnel.
It is formed in the place.

The lateral ribs 1f are formed in a unified state in a direction parallel to a normal line Z passing through the center of the tunnel SA as the segment SA for the convenience of the die cutting direction during casting. The reference position for arranging the lateral ribs 1f at equal angles in the tunnel circumferential direction is the tip position of the lateral ribs 1f. That is, the center point Y is a reference point in the width direction of the tip of the lateral rib 1f, and the center points Y are arranged at equal angles d [about 8.571 degrees (1/10 of the entire angle of the A-type segment SA)]. There is.

However, the first and second angles w1 and w2 between the pair of lateral ribs 1F and 1F positioned at the end in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and the circumferential end surface 1b are the angles (8 between adjacent lateral ribs 1f and 1f). It is set to about 4.286 degrees, which is exactly half the value of 0.571 degrees). Due to the relationship between the shape of the circumferential end surface 1b and the die cutting direction, the space between the lateral ribs 1F and the circumferential end surface 1b is formed by a sand mold. 2 and 4, the heights of the lateral ribs 1F, 1F are
Except for the points of intersection with the axial end faces 1a, 1a and the vertical ribs 1g, 1g, the height is made low so that sand can be taken in and out easily.

In addition, the rib thicknesses of the end lateral ribs 1F and 1F and the lateral ribs 1f and 1f adjacent to the lateral ribs 1F are thicker than the other lateral ribs 1f (17 mm at the tip) (the lateral end ribs 1F). Is 28.5 mm at the tip, and the adjacent lateral rib 1f is 27 mm at the tip) for reinforcement. And the circumferential end surface 1
The walls b and 1b are also thickened (25 mm) and reinforced.
Further, both axial end faces 1a, 1a and both circumferential end faces 1b, 1
On four sides of b, two-stage sealing grooves 11 and 12 for filling a sealing material are formed to fill a gap between adjacent segments.

The circumferential angle D (one pitch angle) between the adjacent first bolt holes 4 at the five locations is the lateral ribs 1f, 1
It is set to 17.143 degrees, which is twice the circumferential angle between f,
The circumferential angle between the circumferential end surface 1a and the adjacent first bolt hole 4 is 8.57, which is the same as the angle between the lateral ribs 1f and 1f.
It is set to 1 degree (1/2 pitch angle). That is,
Angularly, the first bolt holes 4 have adjacent horizontal ribs 1f, 1f.
It is located exactly in the center of the space and the horizontal ribs 1f, 1f
It is regularly arranged at twice the pitch. Further, the first bolt hole 4 portion is formed as a thick portion 6 having a slightly increased thickness.

The horizontal rib 1 is provided between the pair of vertical ribs 1g and 1g and in the space 7 between the pair of central horizontal ribs 1f and 1f.
A partial vertical rib 8 is formed so as to straddle f and 1f, and an erector hole 9 for hoisting by a crane or the like is formed in the partial vertical rib 8. Further, drainage holes 10 are formed at positions in contact with the outer peripheral surface 1c at three positions between the axial end surface 1a and the vertical rib 1g and between the vertical ribs 1g and 1g in each horizontal rib 1f.

-B-type segment SB-As shown in FIG. 6, the B-type segment SB is basically A except that one circumferential end face 2b is different as described above.
It is the same as the mold segment SA, and only the differences will be described.
The circumferential end surface 2b for the K-shaped segment is formed as a surface whose inner diameter side is inclined at an inward angle e (11.6 degrees) in the direction toward the adjacent lateral rib 1F side.

As shown in FIG. 6, among a large number of space portions s surrounded by the axial end surface 1b and the vertical and horizontal ribs 1g, 1f on the four sides, two locations at both ends in the axial direction are just in the center in the circumferential direction. After the construction of the tunnel ring TR, the tunnel ring T
In order to compensate for the reduction in strength when the injection hole 13 for injecting grout is formed in the space outside the R, a total of two thick portions 14 having a large thickness in a large circular range are formed in advance. . That is, in the B-shaped segment, between the pair of adjacent rib portions 1f, 1f at the center in the tunnel circumferential direction, and between the axial end faces 1a, 1a and the vertical ribs 1g, the bottom view is circular and is more than the surroundings. A thick portion 14 having a large thickness is formed.

-K-shaped segment SK-The K-shaped segment SK has a basic circumferential angle k of 17.1.
It is extremely short at 43 degrees and has one first bolt hole 4 and two lateral ribs 1F, 1F in the circumferential direction. Both circumferential direction end faces 5a, 5a are formed on a surface inclined by an outward angle g (11.6 degrees) in a direction in which the inner diameter side moves away from the adjacent lateral rib 1F to the opposite side, and the inward angle of the B-shaped segment SB is formed. It is set to cancel e.

[Other Embodiments] << 1 >> As shown in FIG. 8, in a steel segment SS in which steel plates are integrally welded together, a circular steel plate (having a thickness of the outer periphery) is provided on the inner surface side (or outer surface side) of the outer peripheral surface 22. Face 22
(Which may be the same as or different from the above) 23 is welded and integrated by peripheral fillet welding or the like to form the thick portion 14.

<< 2 >> As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the thick portion 14 for the grout injection hole 13 used in the B-shaped segment SB is replaced with the A-shaped segment SA or the K-shaped segment S.
It may be provided in K. In FIG. 3, the thick portion 1 shown in FIG.
It is drawn by a virtual line with 4 being viewed. The thick portions 14 are provided at two locations at both ends in the tunnel axial direction at the center of the tunnel circumferential direction like the A-type and B-type segments SA and SB, or at one location like the K-shaped segment SK. It may be provided at three or more locations apart from each other in the direction, or may be provided at three or more locations apart from each other in both the circumferential direction of the tunnel and the axial direction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a tunnel ring.

FIG. 2 shows an A type segment, (a) is a sectional side view,
(B) is a bottom view

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a circumferential end face of an A-type segment.

FIG. 6 shows a B-shaped segment, (a) is a sectional side view,
(B) is a bottom view

FIG. 7 shows a K-shaped segment, (a) is a sectional side view,
(B) is a bottom view

FIG. 8 shows a segment of another structure, (a) is a sectional side view, and (b) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a Arc plate part 1b End plate part 1c Curved plate part 1f rib part 14 Thick part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel segment for forming a tunnel inner wall by arranging a large number in a tunnel circumferential direction and a tunnel axial direction and connecting them to each other, comprising: a curved plate portion forming a tunnel outer peripheral portion; A box-shaped metal member having a pair of arc-shaped plate portions and a pair of end face plate portions at both ends in the tunnel circumferential direction is formed, and in the intermediate portion of the curved plate portion in the tunnel circumferential direction, rather than the surroundings. A tunnel segment that has a thick wall. 2. The cast iron member having a rib portion extending in the tunnel axial direction in a state of extending between a pair of the arc-shaped plate portions, wherein the thick portion is adjacent to the center or substantially the center in the tunnel circumferential direction. The tunnel segment according to claim 1, which is formed between a pair of mating rib portions.