JP2003191145A - Machine tool provided with damping device - Google Patents
Machine tool provided with damping deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003191145A JP2003191145A JP2001389577A JP2001389577A JP2003191145A JP 2003191145 A JP2003191145 A JP 2003191145A JP 2001389577 A JP2001389577 A JP 2001389577A JP 2001389577 A JP2001389577 A JP 2001389577A JP 2003191145 A JP2003191145 A JP 2003191145A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- spindle head
- vibration
- spring
- machine tool
- main shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
- B23Q11/0017—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts
- B23Q11/0025—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts using resilient means, e.g. springs, hydraulic dampers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、上下動する主軸頭
の重量バランス装置に起因する振動を低減する制振装置
を備えた工作機械に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with a vibration damping device for reducing vibration caused by a weight balance device for a vertically moving spindle head.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】主軸先端に装着した工具とテーブルに載
置したワークとをＸ、Ｙ、Ｚの３軸方向に相対移動させ
て、前記ワークを所望形状に加工する工作機械では、重
量物である主軸頭を鉛直方向（例えばＺ軸）に上下動さ
せるための上下送りモータが大型化してしまう。そこ
で、従来からバランスウェイトやばねや油空圧シリンダ
を用いて主軸頭重量をバランスさせ、上下送りモータの
負荷を低減し小型化することが行われている。例えば、
特開平７−２６６１１５号公報には、ばね式のバランス
機構を備えた工作機械が開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art A machine tool for machining a workpiece into a desired shape by relatively moving a tool mounted on the tip of a spindle and a workpiece placed on a table in three axial directions of X, Y, and Z is a heavy object. A vertical feed motor for vertically moving a certain spindle head in the vertical direction (for example, the Z axis) becomes large. Therefore, conventionally, balance weights, springs, and hydraulic / pneumatic cylinders are used to balance the spindle head weight to reduce the load on the vertical feed motor and reduce the size. For example,
JP-A-7-266115 discloses a machine tool provided with a spring type balance mechanism.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ばね式のバランス機構
は、慣性重量が小さく、また、比較的コンパクトに構成
できるとの利点を有しているが、主軸頭が移動する際に
ばねが振動してこれが主軸頭に伝達され、加工面に前記
振動に基づく縞模様が生じる問題がある。特に主軸頭を
早送りして停止させ、すぐに加工を開始する時の主軸頭
に伝達される振動が問題になる。また、バランスウェイ
トや油空圧シリンダを用いたバランス装置においても、
主軸頭へ振動が伝達されることがあり問題となる。近年
の送り軸の高速化、高加速度化に伴い、振動問題が顕在
化して来た。The spring type balance mechanism has the advantages that it has a small inertial weight and can be made relatively compact, but the spring vibrates when the spindle head moves. This is transmitted to the spindle head, and there is a problem that a striped pattern due to the vibration is generated on the machined surface. Especially, the vibration transmitted to the spindle head when the spindle head is fast-forwarded and stopped and the machining is started immediately becomes a problem. In addition, in a balance device that uses a balance weight or hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder,
Vibration may be transmitted to the spindle head, causing a problem. With the recent increase in speed and acceleration of the feed axis, vibration problems have become apparent.
【０００４】本発明は、こうした従来技術の問題点を解
決することを技術課題としており、上下動する主軸頭の
重量バランス装置を備えた工作機械において、上下動に
起因する主軸頭の振動を抑制した工作機械を提供するこ
とを目的としている。The present invention has as a technical object to solve the problems of the prior art, and in a machine tool having a weight balance device for a vertically moving spindle head, suppresses the vibration of the spindle head due to the vertical movement. The purpose is to provide a machine tool that does.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に記載の本発明
は、上下動する主軸頭と、前記主軸頭を上下方向に駆動
する駆動装置とを有する工作機械において、前記主軸頭
に張力伝達部材を介して連結され、前記駆動装置の負荷
を軽減するバランス装置と、前記主軸頭の上下動に起因
する前記バランス装置の振動を低減する制振装置と、を
具備した工作機械を要旨とする。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool having a spindle head that moves up and down and a drive device that drives the spindle head in a vertical direction, and a tension is transmitted to the spindle head. A machine tool including a balance device connected via a member for reducing a load on the drive device and a vibration damping device for reducing vibration of the balance device due to vertical movement of the spindle head. .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照して本発明
の好ましい実施形態を説明する。図１に示す工作機械１
１は一例として立形フライス盤を示しており、ベッド１
３の上面に立設されたコラム１５、コラム１５の前面に
鉛直方向（Ｚ軸方向）に往復移動可能に取り付けられた
主軸頭１７、ベッド１３の上面においてコラム１５の前
方部分に、工作機械１１の水平２軸方向（図１において
Ｘ軸方向及びＹ軸方向）に往復移動可能に取り付けられ
たテーブル１９を具備している。主軸頭１７をＺ軸方向
へ往復移動させるために、コラム１５の内部にＺ軸方向
に延設されたＺ軸送りねじ２３、主軸頭１７の背面に固
定されＺ軸送りねじ２３に係合するナット２７、Ｚ軸送
りねじ２３を回転駆動するＺ軸送りモータ２５が設けら
れている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Machine tool 1 shown in FIG.
1 shows a vertical milling machine as an example, bed 1
3, a column 15 erected on the upper surface of the column 3, a spindle head 17 mounted on the front surface of the column 15 so as to be capable of reciprocating in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), a machine tool 11 on the upper surface of the bed 13 in front of the column 15. The table 19 is attached so as to be capable of reciprocating in two horizontal axis directions (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction in FIG. 1). In order to reciprocate the spindle head 17 in the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis feed screw 23 extending in the Z-axis direction inside the column 15 is fixed to the back surface of the spindle head 17 and engages with the Z-axis feed screw 23. A Z-axis feed motor 25 that rotationally drives the nut 27 and the Z-axis feed screw 23 is provided.
【０００７】主軸頭１７にはＺ軸方向に延設された主軸
２１が回転自在に支持されており、該主軸２１の先端に
は従来周知となっている方法で工具Ｔが装着されてい
る。工具Ｔに対面するテーブル１９の上面には加工すべ
きワークＷが固定される。一方、コラム１５の上端部近
傍には、コラム１５の前面に突き出した腕３７がＺ軸を
含む平面内でピン３７ａを中心として回動可能に取り付
けられている。腕３７の先端には、ピン３７ｂを中心と
してロッド３９が、やはりＺ軸を含む平面内で回動可能
に連結されている。ロッド３９において腕３７とは反対
側の端部は、ピン１７ａにより主軸頭１７の頂部に回動
可能に連結されている。A spindle 21 extending in the Z-axis direction is rotatably supported on the spindle head 17, and a tool T is attached to the tip of the spindle 21 by a conventionally known method. A work W to be machined is fixed to the upper surface of the table 19 facing the tool T. On the other hand, near the upper end of the column 15, an arm 37 protruding to the front surface of the column 15 is rotatably attached about a pin 37a in a plane including the Z axis. A rod 39 is connected to the tip of the arm 37 so as to be rotatable about a pin 37b within a plane including the Z axis. An end of the rod 39 on the side opposite to the arm 37 is rotatably connected to the top of the spindle head 17 by a pin 17a.
【０００８】更に、工作機械１１は、Ｚ軸送りモータ２
５の負荷を軽減するために、コラム１５内においてＺ軸
方向に延設されたばね２９を有している。該ばね２９
は、その下端部がコラム１５またはベッド１３に固定さ
れ、上端部が連結部材としての取付板４１を介して張力
伝達部材としてのチェーン３１の一端に連結されてい
る。チェーン３１は、コラム１５の内部からコラム１５
の頂部に回転可能に取り付けられているスプロケット３
３、３５を介してコラム１５の前方側に引き出され、腕
３７の先端部に取着されている。前記張力伝達部材はチ
ェーンではなくワイヤを用いても良い。図１においてば
ね２９は単一のばねにて図示されているが、平行に延設
した複数のコイルばねにて形成してもよい。Further, the machine tool 11 has a Z-axis feed motor 2
In order to reduce the load on the column 5, a spring 29 extending in the Z-axis direction is provided in the column 15. The spring 29
Has a lower end fixed to the column 15 or the bed 13, and an upper end connected to one end of a chain 31 as a tension transmitting member via a mounting plate 41 as a connecting member. The chain 31 is from the inside of the column 15 to the column 15
Sprocket 3 rotatably mounted on top of
It is pulled out to the front side of the column 15 through 3, 35 and attached to the tip of the arm 37. The tension transmission member may use a wire instead of a chain. Although the spring 29 is shown as a single spring in FIG. 1, it may be formed by a plurality of coil springs extending in parallel.
【０００９】このように、チェーン３１およびロッド３
９を介して主軸頭１７の重量をばね２９により支持する
ことにより、Ｚ軸送りモータ２５の負荷を低減すると共
に、腕３７を介在させることにより主軸頭１７のＺ軸に
沿った上下位置によるＺ軸モータ２５の負荷変動を小さ
くすることが可能となる。図１に示したようなばねを用
いたバランス装置を備えた工作機械の作用に関しては、
前出の特開平７−２６６１１５号公報に詳細に記載され
ている。In this way, the chain 31 and the rod 3
By supporting the weight of the spindle head 17 by means of the spring 29 via 9, the load on the Z-axis feed motor 25 is reduced, and by interposing the arm 37, the Z-position of the spindle head 17 due to the vertical position along the Z-axis is performed. It is possible to reduce the load fluctuation of the shaft motor 25. Regarding the operation of the machine tool provided with the balance device using the spring as shown in FIG.
It is described in detail in the above-mentioned JP-A-7-266115.
【００１０】工作機械１１は、更に、ばね２９の振動を
抑制する制振装置４３を具備している。図２を参照する
と、制振装置４３は、該制振装置４３をコラム１５の内
部に固定するための概ね角柱状のフレーム４５、該フレ
ーム４５の前面にねじ５５により固定される支持板５
１、該支持板５１の前面にねじ５７により固定される摺
動板５３を有し、フレーム４５の前面と支持板５１の裏
面の間には振動減衰部材４９が挟持されている。摺動板
５３は耐磨耗性が高く摩擦抵抗の小さい材料、例えばＭ
Ｃナイロンから形成することができ、摺動面を形成する
外側表面に取付板４１の１つの端部が押圧されている。
押圧されているため、取付板４１が振動しても摺動板５
３との間に隙間ができることはない。振動減衰部材４９
は、振動吸収性が高く経年変化の小さい材料、例えばシ
リコーンをベースとしたゲル材料、例えば株式会社シー
ゲルから市販されているαGEL（登録商標）を用いるこ
とができる。The machine tool 11 is further provided with a vibration damping device 43 for suppressing the vibration of the spring 29. Referring to FIG. 2, the vibration damping device 43 includes a frame 45 having a substantially prismatic shape for fixing the vibration damping device 43 inside the column 15, and a support plate 5 fixed to the front surface of the frame 45 with a screw 55.
1. The sliding plate 53 is fixed to the front surface of the support plate 51 with screws 57, and the vibration damping member 49 is sandwiched between the front surface of the frame 45 and the back surface of the support plate 51. The sliding plate 53 is made of a material having high abrasion resistance and low frictional resistance, such as M.
It can be made of C nylon and one end of the mounting plate 41 is pressed against the outer surface forming the sliding surface.
Since it is pressed, even if the mounting plate 41 vibrates, the sliding plate 5
There can be no gap between 3 and Vibration damping member 49
As the material, a material having high vibration absorption and small secular change, for example, a silicone-based gel material, for example, αGEL (registered trademark) commercially available from Siegel Co., Ltd. can be used.
【００１１】制振装置４３は、図２に示すように、ばね
２９とチェーン３１とを連結する取付板４１が、取付板
４１のＺ軸方向の移動範囲の全体にわたって摺動板５３
に押圧されるように配置されており、主軸頭１７がＺ軸
方向に上下動する間、その１つの端面において摺動板５
３の表面に常に接触しながらＺ軸方向に上下動するよう
になっている。In the vibration damping device 43, as shown in FIG. 2, a mounting plate 41 connecting the spring 29 and the chain 31 has a sliding plate 53 over the entire movement range of the mounting plate 41 in the Z-axis direction.
Is arranged so as to be pressed by the sliding plate 5 at one end face thereof while the spindle head 17 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction.
It is designed to move up and down in the Z-axis direction while always contacting the surface of 3.
【００１２】以下、本実施形態の作用を説明する。工作
機械１１において、主軸頭１７が上下動するとばね２９
が伸縮しばね２９が振動する。発明者は、該ばね２９の
振動は特にＹ軸方向に著しく大きくなることを実験によ
り確認している。従来技術では、このばね２９の振動が
チェーン３１に伝達され主軸頭１７のＺ軸方向の振動と
なり、連続する縞模様が加工面に発生していたのであ
る。本実施形態では、ばね２９とチェーン３１とを連結
する取付板４１を摺動板５３の摺動面に押圧し、該摺動
面から伝達されるばね２９の振動、特にＹ軸方向の振動
を振動減衰部材４９により減衰させて、ばね２９の振動
がチェーン３１に伝達されることを防止している。本実
施形態では、ばね２９と腕３７を用いたバランス装置に
ついて述べたが、腕３７がなく、主軸頭重量をばねだけ
でバランスしたり、ばねに代えて油空圧シリンダを用い
たり、チェーンの下にバランスウェイトを自由支持した
りする他のバランス装置を用いても、取付板４１、摺動
板５３、振動減衰部材４９等の部材を用いれば、主軸頭
に伝達される振動を低減させることができる。The operation of this embodiment will be described below. In the machine tool 11, when the spindle head 17 moves up and down, the spring 29
Expand and contract, and the spring 29 vibrates. The inventor has confirmed by experiments that the vibration of the spring 29 is extremely large especially in the Y-axis direction. In the conventional technique, the vibration of the spring 29 is transmitted to the chain 31 and becomes the vibration of the spindle head 17 in the Z-axis direction, and a continuous striped pattern is generated on the machined surface. In the present embodiment, the mounting plate 41 that connects the spring 29 and the chain 31 is pressed against the sliding surface of the sliding plate 53, and the vibration of the spring 29 transmitted from the sliding surface, particularly the vibration in the Y-axis direction, is suppressed. It is damped by the vibration damping member 49 to prevent the vibration of the spring 29 from being transmitted to the chain 31. In the present embodiment, the balance device using the spring 29 and the arm 37 has been described. However, the arm 37 is not provided, and the spindle head weight is balanced only by the spring, or a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder is used instead of the spring, and Even if another balance device for freely supporting the balance weight below is used, the vibration transmitted to the spindle head can be reduced by using the members such as the mounting plate 41, the sliding plate 53, and the vibration damping member 49. You can
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】請求項１に記載の本発明によれば、主軸
頭の上下動に起因するバランス装置の振動を低減する制
振装置を設けたことにより、前記振動による主軸頭の振
動が低減され、加工面に縞模様が形成されることが防止
できる。According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, since the vibration damping device for reducing the vibration of the balance device due to the vertical movement of the spindle head is provided, the vibration of the spindle head due to the vibration is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a striped pattern from being formed on the processed surface.
【００１４】更に、請求項２に記載の本発明によれば、
ばねをその一端において連結部材を介して前記張力伝達
部材の一端に連結し、連結部材を制振装置の摺動面に接
触させるように構成し、減衰部材により連結部材から摺
動面に伝達されるばねの振動を減衰させるようにしたた
めに、前記ばねから前記張力伝達部材へ伝達される振動
を確実に低減することが可能となる。Further, according to the present invention as set forth in claim 2,
A spring is connected at one end thereof to one end of the tension transmitting member via a connecting member, and the connecting member is brought into contact with the sliding surface of the vibration damping device, and is transmitted from the connecting member to the sliding surface by the damping member. Since the vibration of the spring is damped, it is possible to reliably reduce the vibration transmitted from the spring to the tension transmission member.
【図１】本発明の好ましい実施形態による制振装置を備
えた工作機械の略示断面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a machine tool including a vibration damping device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】制振装置の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration damping device.
１１…工作機械 １３…ベッド １５…コラム １７…主軸頭 １９…テーブル ２１…主軸 ２３…Ｚ軸送りねじ ２５…Ｚ軸送りモータ ２７…ナット ２９…ばね ３１…チェーン ３３…スプロケット ３５…スプロケット ３７…腕 ３９…ロッド ４１…取付板 ４３…制振装置 ４５…フレーム ４９…振動減衰部材 ５１…支持板 ５３…摺動板 Ｔ…工具 Ｗ…ワーク 11 ... Machine tools 13 ... Bed 15 ... Column 17 ... Spindle head 19 ... table 21 ... Spindle 23 ... Z-axis feed screw 25 ... Z-axis feed motor 27 ... Nut 29 ... Spring 31 ... Chain 33 ... Sprocket 35 ... Sprocket 37 ... arms 39 ... Rod 41 ... Mounting plate 43 ... Vibration control device 45 ... Frame 49 ... Vibration damping member 51 ... Support plate 53 ... Sliding plate T ... Tool W ... work
Claims (3)
方向に駆動する駆動装置とを有する工作機械において、 前記主軸頭に張力伝達部材を介して連結され、前記駆動
装置の負荷を軽減するバランス装置と、 前記主軸頭の上下動に起因する前記バランス装置の振動
を低減する制振装置と、 を具備することを特徴とした工作機械。1. A machine tool having a vertically moving spindle head and a drive device for vertically driving the spindle head, wherein the spindle head is connected via a tension transmitting member to reduce the load on the drive device. And a vibration control device that reduces vibration of the balance device due to vertical movement of the spindle head.
と機械の基台の固定部との間に張設されたばねで成り、 前記制振装置は、前記ばねと前記張力伝達部材との接合
部付近に取付けられ前記主軸頭の上下動に伴って上下動
する連結部材と、機械の基台に設けられ前記連結部材に
接触する摺動面と、前記連結部材から前記摺動面に伝達
される前記ばねの振動を減衰させる減衰部材とを具備し
ている請求項１に記載の工作機械。2. The balance device comprises a spring stretched between the tension transmission member and a fixed portion of a base of the machine, and the vibration damping device comprises a joint portion between the spring and the tension transmission member. A connecting member that is mounted in the vicinity and moves up and down as the spindle head moves up and down, a sliding surface that is provided on the base of the machine and that contacts the connecting member, and a transmission from the connecting member to the sliding surface. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a damping member that damps the vibration of the spring.
たゲル材料を含んでいる請求項２に記載の工作機械。3. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the damping member includes a gel material mainly containing silicone.
Priority Applications (1)
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| JP2001389577A JP3847161B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2001-12-21 | Machine tool with vibration control device |
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| JP2001389577A JP3847161B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2001-12-21 | Machine tool with vibration control device |
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| JP3847161B2 JP3847161B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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| JP2001389577A Expired - Fee Related JP3847161B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2001-12-21 | Machine tool with vibration control device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007099632A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-07 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main spindle balancer |
| CN102528541A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 上海三一精机有限公司 | Balancing device for floor boring spindle box |
| CN109396471A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-01 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | A kind of floor type boring machine balanced weight falling proof device |
| CN109590800A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of novel counterweight balance system and application method |
| CN112338225A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-09 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Flexible tension spring type balancer |
-
2001
- 2001-12-21 JP JP2001389577A patent/JP3847161B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007099632A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-07 | Pascal Engineering Corporation | Machine tool main spindle balancer |
| CN102528541A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 上海三一精机有限公司 | Balancing device for floor boring spindle box |
| CN109396471A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-01 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | A kind of floor type boring machine balanced weight falling proof device |
| CN109590800A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of novel counterweight balance system and application method |
| CN112338225A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-09 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Flexible tension spring type balancer |
| CN112338225B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-03-18 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Flexible tension spring type balancer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP3847161B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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