JP2003190905A - Inspection method of water shielding structure and water shielding sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water shielding structure with which a high strength and electroconductive sun face can be easily, reliably, and economically obtained. <P>SOLUTION: In the water shielding structure 1 for inhibiting water penetration from the upper surface the basic structure is composed of an electro conductive protection mat 7 laid on the surface and a water shielding sheet 9 laid on the top face of the electro conductive protection mat 7, a construction of the structure, is made of an aluminum-evaporating film 13 composed of a nonwoven fabric 11 which are buffer materials, and aluminum films laminated on the upper faces of the respective nonwoven fabric 11 by evaporation and bonded by a needle punch. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-impervious structure for covering the surface of a waste disposal site, the bottom of a reservoir, the roof of a building, etc. to prevent water from seeping from above. And an inspection method for a water-blocking sheet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a waste disposal site for landfilling and disposing of waste, a water blocking sheet is laid so that toxic contaminated water from the landfilled waste does not leak to the ground. Since water-impervious sheets can cause leakage of contaminated water if pinholes or breakage occur during manufacturing, transportation, installation, etc.,
It is desirable to inspect that the water impermeability is secured. As a water-impervious structure that enables this type of inspection, there is, for example, one in which a water-impermeable sheet is divided into a plurality of cells and a pair of electrodes is provided in each cell. In this water-impervious structure, cells with holes such as pinholes causing water leakage could be identified from changes in the electrical characteristics between the electrodes in each cell.

[0003]

However, although the above-mentioned conventional method for inspecting a water-impervious structure and an impermeable sheet can detect cells by cell, it cannot detect the holes themselves. For example, if the hole is a minute pinhole generated at the time of manufacturing, even if a cell with a predetermined area can be specified, additional labor is required to detect the pinhole, and high detection is required for the pinhole. I didn't have the ability. On the other hand, if the cell area is reduced to such an extent that pinholes can be easily identified, the number of counter electrodes and the number of connection wirings increase, which is not realistic.

Further, the electrodes used in the conventional water-impervious structure enabling the above-mentioned inspection are generally obtained by applying a conductive paint, vapor-depositing a conductive coating, or sticking a conductive sheet with an adhesive. However, it was not possible to obtain a thick conductive surface, and it was not possible to sufficiently secure the strength of the conductive surface. As a result, cracks or tears are likely to occur on the conductive surface, which may reduce the detection capability. Furthermore, it is technically difficult to directly vapor-deposit a large-area conductive film onto a non-woven fabric or the like, or to reliably adhere the same with an adhesive, large-scale equipment is required, and the water-impervious structure becomes expensive. Further, when the holes are minute pinholes, foreign matter on the water-blocking sheet may block the pinholes, and the pinhole detection capability may be reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object thereof is to provide a water-impervious structure capable of easily and reliably obtaining a high-strength conductive surface at low cost. is there. The second purpose thereof is to improve the ability to detect a damaged portion such as a pinhole or a break.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Next, means for solving the above problems will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments. The water-impervious structure according to claim 1 of the present invention is a water-impervious structure that covers the covering surface 1 to prevent water from permeating into the covering surface 1 from above, and is a conductive material laid on the covering surface 1. And a water-blocking sheet 9 laid on the upper surface of the conductive protection mat 7, wherein the conductive protection mat 7 is a non-woven fabric 11 serving as a cushioning material, and an aluminum vapor-deposited surface on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 11. And an aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 laminated as a top surface and integrated by needle punching.

In this water-impervious structure, the conductive protective mat 7 is used.
However, since the non-woven fabric 11 is a buffer material and the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 is laminated on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 11 and integrated by needle punching, the non-woven fabric 11 is integrated with the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 to have a high strength. Conductive surface 15
Can be arranged over the entire lower surface of the water-blocking sheet 9. Thereby, the conductive surface 15 can be prevented from cracking or breaking, and the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 can be easily and reliably integrated with the nonwoven fabric at a low cost. Further, since the aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 and the nonwoven fabric 11 are integrated by needle punching, a plurality of aluminum vapor-deposited films 13 can be formed into a multilayer (for example, double or triple) in a conductive state and integrated with the nonwoven fabric 11 if necessary. ,
A thick and high-strength conductive surface 15 which cannot be obtained by applying a conductive paint, depositing a conductive coating, or adhering a conductive sheet with an adhesive can be easily obtained.

A method of inspecting a waterproof sheet according to claim 2,
A method for inspecting a water-blocking sheet 9 for detecting a pinhole, a breakage or the like of a water-blocking structure laid covering the covering surface 1, which is a non-woven fabric 11 serving as a cushioning material and laminated on an upper surface of the non-woven fabric 11. Then, a step of laying a conductive protection mat 7 composed of the aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 integrated by needle punching on the covering surface 1, and laying a water shield sheet 9 on the upper surface of the conductive protection mat 7. The method is characterized by including a step and a step of connecting the ground to the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 and moving the electrode brush 19 to which a high voltage is applied while being in contact with the upper surface of the impermeable sheet 9.

In this method of inspecting a waterproof sheet, since the electrode brush 19 to which a high voltage is applied is moved while being in contact with the upper surface of the waterproof sheet 9, the electrode brush 19 is made to face the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 and at the same time, the electrode The brush 13 can remove foreign matter on the water-blocking sheet 9.
As a result, foreign matter covering a damaged portion such as a pinhole is removed to facilitate discharge between the electrode brush 19 and the aluminum vapor deposition film 13, and as a result, the ability to detect a pinhole opened in the water-blocking sheet 9 is improved. Increase. Further, since the conductive protective mat 7 in which the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 is integrated with the nonwoven fabric 11 by needle punching is laid, the conductive surface 1
5 can be increased in strength, and even if it is placed on the water-blocking sheet 9 at the time of inspection, the conductive surface 15 of the conductive protection mat 7 laid under the water-blocking sheet 9 does not crack or break, and thus the pin High detection capability for damaged parts such as holes is maintained.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the water blocking structure and the water blocking sheet inspection method according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a water-impervious structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conductive protective mat of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example of using the water-impervious structure of FIG. 1 in a waste disposal site. FIG. 4 and FIG. 4 are perspective views showing the inspection status of the water-impervious structure.

As shown in FIG. 1, on the ground 1 which is a covering surface, the water-impervious structures 3 and 3 having the water-impervious structure according to the present embodiment are laid in double, and the upper water-impervious structure is formed. A protective mat 5 is further laid on the upper surface of 3. The lower and upper water-impervious structures 3, 3 have the same structure. In the present embodiment, the laminated structure in which the water-impervious structure 3 is laid in double and the protective mat 5 is laid on it is described as an example, but the laminated lay structure for water impermeability is limited to this. Instead of this, a single water-impervious structure 3 may be laid, or a double or more water-impervious structure 3 may be laminated and laid.

A protective mat 5 for protecting the upper water-impervious structure 3 is provided on the uppermost layer.
A protective layer in which sand or the like is deposited may be laminated on the protective mat 5. In any case, the water-impervious structure is required to have one layer of the water-impervious structure 3.

The water-blocking structure 3 is composed of, for example, a conductive protection mat 7 that covers the ground 1, and a water-blocking sheet 9 laid on the upper surface of the conductive protection mat 7. Lower water-impervious structure 3
Will cover the ground 1, but in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, since the water-impervious structure 3 is double-layered, the upper water-impervious structure 3 is The water-impervious structure 3 will be covered.

As the water-blocking sheet 9, for example, a sheet made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber or the like can be used. The water-impermeable sheet 9 is laid on the upper surface of the conductive protection mat 7 laid in advance. No other inclusion exists between the water shield sheet 9 and the conductive protection mat 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conductive protection mat 7 is composed of a non-woven fabric 11 as a cushioning material and an aluminum vapor deposition film 13 laminated on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 11 so as to be integrated. The non-woven fabric 11 can be obtained by depositing organic synthetic fiber filaments such as polyester, polyamide and polypropylene. That is, a large number of filaments spun in a spinning nozzle having a large number of orifices by the so-called spunbond method are index-thinned by an air jet or the like, blown downward, and horizontally moved downward. It can be obtained as a web by depositing with a predetermined weight on the surface of the wire mesh conveyor.

The aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 is obtained by vapor-depositing conductive aluminum on one surface which is the upper surface of the resin film by vapor deposition.

The nonwoven fabric 11 thus obtained has the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 integrated on the upper surface thereof by needle punching so that the aluminum vapor deposition surface is the upper surface.
The needle punch is made by stacking an aluminum vapor deposition film 13 on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 11 and then, from the non-woven fabric 11 side, F manufactured by Organ Co.
Needle punching machine equipped with PD-1-40 needle, for example, needling at a needle density of 30 to 150 times / cm ² to mechanically entangle the constituent fibers of the non-woven fabric 11 and the non-woven fabric 11 and the aluminum vapor deposition film. It is manufactured by stacking 13 together. The nonwoven fabric 11 is not limited to the spun bond method described above, and may be a non-woven fabric according to a conventional nonwoven fabric manufacturing method.

According to this water-impervious structure, the non-woven fabric 11 and the aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 are integrated to form a high-strength conductive surface 15.
Can be disposed over the entire lower surface of the water-impervious sheet 9 to prevent the conductive surface 15 from being cracked or torn, and the aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 can be easily and reliably used at low cost. Can be integrated into.

Further, according to this water-impervious structure, the aluminum vapor-deposited film 13 and the nonwoven fabric 11 are integrated by needle punching, so that a plurality of aluminum vapor-deposited films 13 are made conductive to form a multi-layered nonwoven fabric 11 if necessary. It is possible to easily obtain a thick and high-strength conductive surface 15 that cannot be obtained by applying a conductive paint, depositing a conductive coating, or adhering a conductive sheet with an adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 3, the water-impervious structure 3 having the water-impervious structure thus obtained is laid in, for example, a recess formed in a recess at a waste disposal site. That is, FIG.
In the lowermost layer and the intermediate layer, the same water-impervious structure 3 including the conductive protection mat 7 and the water-impervious sheet 9 is double-laid, and the uppermost layer is the protection mat 5 only. It has become a thing. Further, in the illustrated example, a protective layer 17 in which sand or the like is deposited is laminated on the bottom of the waste storage space, that is, on the upper surface of the protective mat 5.

Therefore, the lowermost water-impervious structure 3 and the intermediate water-impervious structure 3 are doubly protected by the protective layer 17 and the protective mat 5. In the case of the laid structure shown in the figure, the sloped surface 18 of the water-impervious structure 3 that cannot be covered with sand or the like is replaced by the upper surface of the protective mat 5 or the protective mat 5 and a light-shielding mat (not shown). Cover by laying.

Next, a method of inspecting the above-mentioned water-impervious structure 3 will be described. As described above, the waterproof sheet 9 is
When transporting or laying, holes such as pinholes or broken parts may occur.Therefore, it is necessary to confirm that the impermeable performance is secured after laying before waste disposal. . Therefore, in the case of the laying structure shown in FIG. 3, the inspection is performed twice, after laying the lowermost water-impervious structure 3 and after laying the intermediate-layer impermeable structure 3. That is, the inspection is performed for each water-impervious structure 3.

For this inspection, a discharge type inspection device, a partial structure of which is shown in FIG. 4, can be used. This inspection apparatus includes an apparatus main body (not shown) and an electrode brush 19 electrically connected to the main body.

The apparatus main body includes a power storage unit for supplying power to the electrode brush 19, an adjusting knob for adjusting the supply voltage, a voltmeter for displaying the supply voltage, and an electrode brush cord connection outlet for connecting the electrode brush 19. Is provided as a main component. On the other hand, the electrode brush 19 includes a handle portion 21, a brush 23 made of a conductive material such as brass, and a brush angle adjusting portion 2
5, a hand switch (not shown), an alarm indicator lamp (not shown), an earth cord 27, and a power supply cord 29 connected to the apparatus main body.

The inspection device having such a structure is
An arbitrary inspection voltage is applied to the brush 23 within a range of about 12 kv. And the detection of the pinhole is the earth cord 2
This is performed by an electric discharge (spark) generated between the brush 23 and the conductive protection mat 7 connected to the tip of the electrode 7, or an indicator light provided on the electrode brush 19.

In order to detect a damaged portion such as a pinhole of the water-blocking sheet 9 or a similar defect using this inspection device, the inspection device main body and the electrode brush 19 are connected to the power supply cord 29.
Then, the tip of the earth cord 27 of the electrode brush 19 is connected to the conductive surface 15 of the water blocking structure 3, that is, the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 of the conductive protection mat 7 by a clip or the like not shown.

Then, the hand switch of the electrode brush 19 is turned on, and the brush 23 is swept and moved while lightly contacting it with the impermeable sheet 9. At this time, brush 2
If a pinhole, a break, or the like exists in the moving region of 3, a spark is generated between the tip of the brush 23 and the pinhole or the like and the aluminum vapor deposition film 13. At the same time, the indicator lamp lights up and the presence of a damaged portion such as a pinhole is detected.

According to this inspection method, the brush 23 is opposed to the conductive protection mat 7, that is, the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 via the water-blocking sheet 9 and, at the same time, the brush 2
By 3, it is possible to remove foreign matter on the water-blocking sheet. Therefore, it is possible to remove foreign substances that cover the pinholes, facilitate discharge between the brush 23 and the aluminum vapor deposition film 13, and enhance the ability to detect pinholes opened in the water-blocking sheet 9.

Since a voltage is applied to a damaged portion such as a pinhole opened in the water shield sheet 9 which is an insulator, discharge can be easily generated at a voltage much lower than that in the atmosphere,
Compared with the conventional inspection method that detects the water droplets passing through the pinhole from the change in the electrical characteristics between the electrodes, the detection ability can be significantly improved. Further, since the conductive protection mat 7 in which the aluminum vapor deposition film 13 is integrated with the non-woven fabric 11 by needle punching is laid, the strength of the conductive surface 15 can be increased, and even if the conductive surface 15 is placed on the impermeable sheet 9 at the time of inspection, it is conductive. The surface 15 is not cracked or torn, which also makes it possible to realize a high detection capability of a damaged portion such as a pinhole.

[0030]

As described above, according to the water-impervious structure of the present invention, a conductive protective mat laid on the covering surface,
The water-proof sheet laid on the upper surface of the conductive protective mat, the conductive protective mat, a non-woven fabric as a cushioning material,
The aluminum vapor deposition surface is laminated on the upper surface of this non-woven fabric as an upper surface and is composed of an aluminum vapor deposition film integrated by needle punching. Since it can be disposed over the entire lower surface, cracks and tears of the conductive surface can be prevented, and the aluminum vapor deposition film can be easily and reliably integrated with the nonwoven fabric at low cost. Further, according to this water-impervious structure, the aluminum vapor-deposited film and the non-woven fabric are integrated by needle punching, so that a plurality of aluminum vapor-deposited films can be made into a multi-layer in a conductive state and integrated with the non-woven fabric if necessary. It is possible to easily obtain a thick and high-strength conductive surface that cannot be obtained by applying a paint, depositing a conductive coating, or adhering a conductive sheet with an adhesive.

Further, the structure of the conductive protective mat is not a structure in which the non-woven fabric and the aluminum vapor-deposited film are adhered to each other by adhering the entire surface with an adhesive or the like, but laminated and integrated by interlacing the constituent fibers of the non-woven fabric by needle punching. With this structure, the laminated state of these non-woven fabrics and aluminum vapor deposition film can be made a peelable structure, which allows a plurality of conductive protective mats to be arranged when the conductive protective mat is laid. When covering the ground, etc., it is possible to peel off only the edge portion of the conductive protection mat and bond the aluminum vapor-deposited films of the adjacent conductive protection mats to each other, which allows continuous conduction on a wide surface. Can be secured.

According to the water-impermeable sheet inspection method of the present invention, there is provided a conductive protective mat comprising a non-woven fabric as a cushioning material and an aluminum vapor deposition film laminated on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric and integrated by needle punching. After laying on the coated surface, lay a water shield sheet on the top surface of this conductive protection mat, connect the ground to the aluminum vapor deposition film, and move while contacting the electrode brush to which a high voltage is applied with the top surface of the water shield sheet. As a result, the electrode brush can be made to face the aluminum vapor-deposited film, and at the same time, the foreign matter on the water-blocking sheet can be removed by the electrode brush, and the foreign matter covering the damaged part can be removed to discharge between the electrode brush and the aluminum vapor-deposited film. Can be easily caused, and as a result, the ability to detect a damaged portion opened in the water blocking sheet can be enhanced. In addition, since a conductive protective mat in which an aluminum vapor-deposited film is integrated with non-woven fabric by needle punching is laid, the strength of the conductive surface can be increased, and even if it is placed on a water-blocking sheet during inspection, the conductive surface will crack or break. Does not occur, and this also makes it possible to realize high detection capability for a damaged portion.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a water-impervious structure according to the present invention.

2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the conductive protection mat of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which the impermeable structure of FIG. 1 is used in a waste disposal site.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an inspection situation of a water-impervious structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cover surface (ground) 3… Water-blocking structure 7: Conductive protection mat 9 ... Water-blocking sheet 11 ... Nonwoven fabric 13 ... Aluminum vapor deposition film 19 ... Electrode brush

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 2D018 DA03                 4D004 BB05 BB06 CC11 CC15                 4F100 AB10C AK01B AR00A BA04                       BA07 BA10A BA10D BA11                       DG15D EC09 EH66C EJ99                       GB90 JD05 JD05A JK11D

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water-impervious structure for covering a coated surface to prevent water from penetrating into the coated surface from above, wherein a conductive protective mat laid on the coated surface and a conductive protective mat A water-impermeable sheet laid on the upper surface, wherein the conductive protective mat is a non-woven fabric that is a cushioning material, and an aluminum vapor-deposited film obtained by laminating an aluminum vapor-deposited surface on the upper surface of the non-woven fabric by needle punching. A water-impervious structure that consists of 2. A method for inspecting a water-impervious sheet for detecting a damaged portion of a water-impervious structure laid so as to cover a covering surface, comprising: a nonwoven fabric as a cushioning material; A step of laying a conductive protective mat made of an integrated aluminum vapor deposition film on the covering surface, a step of laying a waterproof sheet on the upper surface of the conductive protective mat, and grounding the aluminum vapor deposition film. A method of inspecting a water-impervious sheet, which comprises a step of moving an electrode brush to which a high voltage is applied while making contact with the upper surface of the water-impermeable sheet while being connected.