JP2003180858A - Fire-fighting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fire-fighting equipment which is installed in a stair hall, etc., having inclined ceilings and automatically operates for discharging water in occurrence of a fire. <P>SOLUTION: The fire-fighting equipment for the stair hall 1, etc., consisting of halfpace ceilings 7 and the inclined ceilings 6 has open-type fire-fighting heads 14 installed at the inclined ceilings 6, and thermal opening valves 12 which are installed at the halfpace ceilings 7 connected to a water feeding pipe 11 and opens in occurrence of the fire. The fire-fighting heads 14 are connected with the thermal opening valves 12 through pipings 13. Suspending walls 15 are formed at ceilings on the side of an upper floor of the thermal opening valves 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing facility installed in a room having a sloping ceiling such as a staircase room or an escalator room of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment and indoor fire hydrants have been representative of fire extinguishing equipment such as buildings and apartment buildings. In this case, it is common to use an indoor fire hydrant for fire protection of the staircase and escalator room of the building (hereinafter, both are collectively referred to as staircase).
This is due to the sloping ceiling of the staircase.

[0003]

When a fire occurs in the staircase, the heat flow generated by the fire flows along the ceiling, but the sloped ceiling causes the heat flow to continue to flow upwards without stopping. Therefore, even if the sprinkler head is installed on the ceiling of the staircase, the heat-sensitive part of the sprinkler head is hard to be heated by the hot air flow, and the operation is difficult. For this reason, there is currently no sprinkler fire extinguishing system installed in the staircase. Therefore, even if a fire occurred in the staircase, the indoor fire hydrant could not be used when there were no people nearby, and the fire could not be extinguished.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a fire extinguishing system which is installed in a staircase or the like having a sloping ceiling and automatically operates to discharge water when a fire occurs. It is intended.

[0005]

(1) The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing facility such as a staircase consisting of a landing ceiling and a sloping ceiling, which is an open fire extinguishing head installed on the sloping ceiling.
It is connected to a water supply pipe, is installed on the landing ceiling, has a heat-sensitive release valve that opens when a fire occurs, and connects the fire-extinguishing head and the heat-sensitive release valve via a pipe.

(2) Further, in the fire extinguishing equipment according to the present invention, a check valve is provided on the upper floor side of the pipe for connecting the fire extinguishing head and the heat sensitive open valve of the above (1) so as to face each other, An open fire extinguishing head is connected between these check valves.

(3) Further, the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing equipment such as a stair room having a landing ceiling and a sloping ceiling, wherein the landing ceiling is provided with a closed fire extinguishing head, and the stair part is provided on the fire extinguishing head. It is provided with a deflector that can discharge water.

(4) Furthermore, the fire extinguishing equipment according to the present invention is
The heat-sensitive release valve of (1) or (2) above or (3) above
The closed type fire extinguishing head is provided with a hanging wall on the ceiling on the upper floor side.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fire extinguishing facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a stair room, 2 is a stair, 3a and 3b are stairs, 4
a is a landing provided between the stairs 3a and 3b, 4b,
4c is a landing provided on the lower and upper floors of the stairs 3a and 3b. Reference numeral 5 denotes the ceiling of the stairs 2. In the following description, the upper part of the stairs 3a, 3b is a sloping ceiling, and the landings 4a, 4
The area above b and 4c is called the landing ceiling.

Reference numeral 10 is a fire extinguishing facility for the staircase 1, 11 is a water pipe that is piped behind the ceiling of the staircase 1 and is constantly filled with fire extinguishing water, 12 is connected to the water pipe 11, and the stairs on the landing ceiling 7 These are heat-sensitive release valves installed in the chamber 1. 13 is a branch pipe which is connected to the heat-sensitive open valve 12 at one end and is closed at the other end and is installed along the inclined ceiling 6 and the landing ceiling 7, respectively, and 14 is a plurality of open-type pipes connected to the branch pipe 13. It is a fire extinguisher. Denoted at 15 are hanging walls provided on the upper floor side of the heat-sensitive open valve 12 so as to be hung from the ceiling 5 for preventing heat diffusion. In addition, I is the first water discharge area that covers the staircase 3a and the landings 4a and 4b, and II is the staircase 3
It is a second water discharge area covering b and the landings 4a and 4c.

An example of the heat release valve 12 is shown in FIG. 21
Is a substantially T-shaped main body, 22 is a connection port on the primary side, and 23 is a connection port on the secondary side (hereinafter, the connection ports 22 and 23 on the primary side and the secondary side are simply referred to as the primary side 22 and the secondary side, respectively). Sometimes referred to as the secondary side 23). The primary side 22 and the secondary side 23 are orifice portions 24.
Are connected to each other via a water flow passage 25 having an opening 26 at one end, and a valve seat 27 is provided in the orifice portion 24. 28 is a guide having a guide hole 29 in the center and closing the opening 26 of the flowing water channel 25, 30 is a supporting member having a plurality of frames 31, and is screwed to the tip of the opening 26. An adjusting screw 32 is provided on the top.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a valve element having a large diameter portion at one end and the other end slidably inserted in a guide hole 29 of a guide 28. A disc spring 34 abutting on the valve seat 27 is provided at the large diameter portion. It is provided. Reference numeral 35 designates a heat-sensitive part receiver arranged in the guide hole 29, and 36
Is a ball interposed between the valve pair 33 and the heat-sensitive portion receiver 35. Reference numeral 37 is a heat-sensitive portion such as a glass valve mounted between the adjusting screw 32 and the heat-sensitive portion receiver 35.
By mounting 7, the valve body 33 is pressed against the primary side 22 via the ball 36, and the disc spring 34 comes into close contact with the valve seat 27 to seal the primary side 22 and the secondary side 23 in a watertight manner. A primary side 22 of the heat-sensitive release valve 12 is connected to the water supply pipe 11, and branch pipes 13a and 13b are connected to the secondary side 23, respectively.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. In the monitoring state, the heat release valve 1
Since the primary side 22 and the secondary side 23 of 2 are closed by the valve element 33, the fire extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 11 remains on the primary side 22, and the secondary side 23, and hence the branch pipe connected to this. It does not flow into 13.

Now, for example, when a fire occurs in the first water discharge area I, the hot air flow generated thereby moves upward along the inclined ceiling 6 and landing ceiling 7. Then, a part of the rising hot air flow is blocked by the hanging wall 15, stays in the vicinity of the heat-sensitive open valve 12, and part of the hot air flow continues.
Rises along.

The ambient temperature of the heat-sensitive open valve 12 rises due to the accumulated hot air flow, and when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the heat causes the heat-sensitive portion 37 to burst and drop. Since the inside of the guide hole 29 becomes free due to the fall of the heat sensitive portion 37, the valve body 33
Is pushed by the pressure of the fire extinguishing water on the primary side to push out the heat-sensitive part receiver 35 and the ball 36, and move in the guide hole 29 to the right in the figure.
The valve seat 27 is opened to connect the primary side 22 and the secondary side 23. As a result, a pump (not shown) is activated and the water in the water tank is pressure-fed to the water supply pipe 11, and the fire extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 11 passes through the primary side 22 and the secondary side 23 of the heat-sensitive release valve 12 and the branch pipe 13
The fire is extinguished by discharging water from the open type fire extinguishing head 14 to the.

In the above description, a fire occurs in the first water discharge area I, and the heat-sensitive release valve 12 on the landing 4a operates to discharge water from the fire extinguishing head 14. However, the place and scale of the fire occur. Depending on the situation, the heat-sensitive release valve 12 in the second water discharge area II may operate to discharge water from the fire extinguishing head 14, or both the heat-sensitive release valve 12 in the first and second water discharge areas I and II may operate. Then, water may be discharged from all the fire extinguishing heads 14.

In the above description, the staircase 1 is provided with the two sets of the heat-sensitive release valve 12, the branch pipe 13 and the fire extinguishing head 14, but only one of them may be provided. further,
The case where three extinguishing heads 14 are provided in each branch pipe 13 is shown, but the number of each extinguishing head 14 may be one or more.

In this embodiment, the heat release valve 12 is installed on the flat ceiling 7 on the landings 4a and 4b, and the hanging wall 15 is provided on the upper floor side of the heat release valve 12 along the ceiling 5. Since the open-type fire extinguishing head 14 is connected through the branch pipe 13 that is piped with the heat-sensitive open valve 12, the heat-sensitive open valve 12 can be operated by catching the heat of the fire generated in the staircase 1. The fire extinguishing equipment in the water discharge area I, the second water discharge area II, or both water discharge areas I and II automatically operates to discharge fire-fighting water to extinguish a fire.

Further, the hanging wall 1 is provided on the upper floor side of the heat release valve 12.
5 is provided, and a part of the hot air flowing to the upper floor is provided with a heat release valve 12
The heat-sensitive release valve 12 can be reliably operated because the heat-release valve 12 is retained in the vicinity of.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a fire extinguishing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the present embodiment, one branch pipe 13 is piped over almost the entire length of the ceiling 5 of the staircase 1, and between the water supply pipe 11 and the branch pipe 13 in the vicinity of the inclined ceiling 6 and the landing ceiling 7. The heat release valve 12 is connected to the check valve 16 in the vicinity of the landing ceiling 7 and on the upper floor side of the heat release valve 12 so that the fire extinguishing water flows in the branch pipe 13 only in the direction of the arrow.
a and 16b are provided so as to face each other, and an open type fire extinguishing head 14a is connected between the check valves 16a and 16b.

In the present embodiment as described above, in the monitoring state, since the primary side 22 of each heat-sensitive open valve 12 is closed by the valve element 33, the fire extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 11 is discharged to the primary side 22. It remains and does not flow into the secondary side 23 and thus into the branch pipe 13 connected to it.

Now, for example, when a fire occurs in the first water discharge area I, the hot air flow generated thereby rises and moves upwards along the ceiling 5, part of which is blocked by the hanging wall 15. It is retained and stays in the vicinity of the heat-sensitive open valve 12, and a part of the temperature continues to rise. Due to this stagnant hot air flow, the staircase portion 3a
The ambient temperature of the heat-sensitive open valve 12 on the landing 4a rises, and when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the heat causes the heat-sensitive portion 37 to burst and the valve element 33 moves to connect the primary side 22 and the secondary side 23. As a result, fire extinguishing water flows into the branch pipe 13 and is discharged from the fire extinguishing head 14 to extinguish the fire.

In this case, the branch pipe 1 is connected through the heat-sensitive open valve 12.
The fire extinguishing water that has flowed in 3 passes through the branch pipe 13 and each fire extinguishing head 1
4 and water is also discharged from the fire extinguishing head 14a through the check valve 16a. However, the fire extinguishing head 14a
Since the check valve 16b is provided on the upper floor side, fire extinguishing water does not flow into the branch pipe 13 on the upper floor side of the stairway portion 3b where no fire has occurred, and therefore, from the check valve 16b. No water is discharged from the fire extinguisher head 14 on the upper floor side.

When a fire occurs in the second discharge area II, the steps 3b and the landing 4 are operated by the same action as described above.
The heat-sensitive release valve 12 on c operates and each fire extinguishing head 14, 1
Fire extinguishing water from 4a to extinguish the fire. Also in this case, since the check valve 16a is provided on the lower floor side of the fire extinguishing head 14a, the fire extinguishing water does not flow into the branch pipe 13 on the lower floor side of the stairway portion 3a where the fire has not occurred, so Water is not discharged from the fire extinguishing head 14 located below the stop valve 16a. Depending on the location and scale of the fire, the first and second water discharge areas I and II
In some cases, the heat-sensitive release valve 12 is operated to discharge fire extinguishing water to both water discharge areas I and II.

In the above description, the heat-sensitive release valve 12 is provided above the stairs 3a, 3b and the landings 4a, 4c, but the heat-sensitive release valve 12 on the stairs 3a, 3b is shown.
Both or one of them may be omitted. The present embodiment can obtain substantially the same effects as in the case of the first embodiment, but in the present embodiment, the heat release valve 12 on the staircase portion 3a and the heat release valve 12 on the landing 4a are provided. Whichever works, there is an effect that water can be discharged to the water discharge area I (or II). In other words, since the area where water is discharged due to the operation of the heat-sensitive release valve 12 on the staircase portion 3a and the landing 4a is overlapped, safety can be improved.
The same applies to the heat-sensitive release valve 12 on the stairs 3b and the landing 4c. In addition, the check valves 16a, 16
By providing b, it is possible to limit the water discharge area and prevent water discharge to the non-fire area.

In the first and second embodiments described above, the branch pipe 13 connected to the water supply pipe 11 via the heat-sensitive open valve 12.
Although the case where the pipe is arranged inside the staircase 1 of the ceiling 5 is shown, the pipe may be arranged behind the ceiling. Although an example of the heat-sensitive release valve 12 is shown in FIG. 2, the present invention is not limited to this,
Other structures of heat sensitive open valves may be used.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a fire extinguishing system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the water supply pipe 11 installed in the ceiling is connected to the landing 4
Above the a and 4c, a closed side fire extinguishing head 17 (hereinafter referred to as a side fire extinguishing head) having a heat sensitive portion is installed in the staircase 1. Here, the side-type fire extinguishing head refers to a head that is installed substantially parallel (horizontal) to the ceiling 5 and that discharges water not only downward but also downward and forward. Reference numeral 15 is a hanging wall provided on the ceiling 5 on the upper floor of the side fire extinguishing head 17. Instead of the hanging wall 15, a heat storage plate 47 having a heat collecting effect may be attached to the head 17 itself. The heat storage plate 47 described later is the same as in the first and second embodiments.
It may be attached to the heat-sensitive open joint 12.

An example of a side fire extinguishing head having a heat sensitive portion is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 40 denotes a main body that is connected to the water supply pipe 11 through the joint portion 46 substantially in parallel with the ceiling 5, and a plurality of frames 42 are provided on a base 41 provided with a water outlet (not shown) communicating with the water supply pipe 11. A heat sensitive part 44 such as a glass valve is provided between the adjusting screw 43 provided on the top of the frame 42 and the water shutoff valve (not shown) provided in the base 41. The water shutoff valve is in close contact with the water outlet and is blocked.

45a is a base plate 41 with one long side facing the ceiling 5 side.
Is a first deflector having a substantially L-shaped side surface attached to the first deflector. The tip of the deflector 45a is bent downward,
As a result, the momentum of the water discharged toward the front is suppressed,
Although it is prevented from hitting the sloping ceiling 6, water may be sprinkled on the sloping ceiling 6 intentionally. A second deflector 45b is attached to the tip of the frame 42. In this fire extinguishing head 17, water is regulated from being discharged upward (ceiling) by the action of the deflector 45a, and water is sprinkled forward. That is, the deflectors 45a and 45b of the fire extinguishing head 17
Means that the fire extinguishing water discharged from the discharge port is the entire area of each of the first water discharge area I and the second water discharge area II, in other words, the landing 4a and the stairway portion 3a (or the landing 4c and the stairway portion 3).
It is shaped so that it can be sprayed on b). In addition, 47
Is a heat storage plate and is provided on the joint portion 46 side of the base 41. The heat storage plate 47 is an elongated metal plate (extending in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and receives heat flow flowing during a fire to accumulate heat, thereby promoting heating of the heat sensitive portion 44.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be described. In the monitoring state, the water outlet of the side fire extinguishing head 17 is closed by the water stop valve, so the fire extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 11 remains at the water outlet.
No water is discharged from the side fire extinguishing head 17.

Now, for example, when a fire occurs in the first water discharge area I, the hot air flow generated thereby rises along the inclined ceiling 6 and the landing ceiling 7, and is blocked by the hanging wall 15 to prevent the side fire extinguishing head. It stays in the vicinity of 17. Further, the heat storage plate 47 is warmed by the hot air flow. Due to the accumulated hot air flow and the heat storage plate 47, the ambient temperature of the side fire extinguishing head 17 on the landing 4a rises, and when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the heat-sensitive portion 44 bursts due to the heat and is held by the heat-sensitive portion 44. The water valve falls and opens the water outlet. As a result, the fire-extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 11 is discharged, and the deflectors 45a and 45b spray the entire area of the first water discharge area I to extinguish the fire.

When a fire occurs in the second water discharge area II, the side fire extinguishing head 17 on the landing 4c is operated by the same action as described above, and water is sprayed over the entire second water discharge area II. extinguish a fire. Depending on the location and scale of the fire, the side fire extinguishing heads 17 in the first and second water discharge areas I and II may operate to spray fire water to both water discharge areas I and II.

In the above description, the side fire extinguishing head 17 is used.
Although the case where one is provided in each of the first and second water discharge sections I and II is shown, a plurality of each may be provided. Further, although an example of the side fire extinguishing head 17 is shown in FIG. 5, the side fire extinguishing head 17 is not limited to this, and another structure may be used.

Here, the side fire extinguishing head is used to utilize the characteristic of discharging water in the forward direction, but a fire extinguishing head having a deflector for obtaining a long sprinkling area in one direction is used. If this is the case, a normal fire extinguishing head that discharges water downward may be used. That is, what is important is that a closed fire extinguishing head is provided on the landing ceiling, and the fire extinguishing head has a means (deflector) capable of discharging water not only to the landing but also to the stairs. In particular, the closed-type fire extinguisher is installed on the landing, so compared to when it is installed on a sloping ceiling, the heat-sensitive part is much more susceptible to the influence of the hot air flow, the operation speeds up, and the link mechanism easily falls and the operation reliability is high. Is high. In addition, if a dangling wall or a heat storage plate is used as the heat collecting means, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of the heat flow to the upper floor, which is more preferable as an embodiment. The present embodiment can obtain substantially the same effects as in the case of the first embodiment, but further, since the branch pipe 13 and the fire extinguishing head 14 can be omitted, the configuration is simplified and the facility cost can be reduced. it can.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to the staircase has been shown, but the present invention can also be applied to a room or a passage having an inclined ceiling such as an escalator room. In particular, a sprinkler head may be provided on the sloping ceiling above the escalator, but water can be sufficiently expelled only by providing the hanging wall and the heat storage plate according to the present invention. Also, a hanging wall is provided to prevent the movement of the hot air current to the upper floor, but since the landing ceiling is flat and the hot air flows to some extent, the hanging wall may be provided if necessary. Furthermore, although the drawing shows a staircase that advances in one direction, the present invention can also be applied to a stairway where the advancing direction of the stairway changes to the opposite side. The wall is installed on the landing ceiling in such a way that it separates the up stairs and the down stairs.

[0036]

The fire extinguishing equipment according to the present invention has an open type fire extinguishing head installed on a sloping ceiling, a heat-sensitive release valve that is connected to a water supply pipe and is installed on a landing ceiling, and opens when a fire occurs. Connect the fire extinguishing head and the heat release valve via piping,
Moreover, since the hanging wall is provided on the ceiling on the upper floor side of the heat-sensitive release valve, it is possible to automatically extinguish a fire that has occurred in the staircase or the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a fire extinguishing facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of an example of the heat-sensitive release valve of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a fire extinguishing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a fire extinguishing facility according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an illustration of an example of the closed side fire extinguishing head of FIG. 1. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 stair room, 2 stairs, 3a, 3b stairs, 4a, 4
b, 4c landing, 5 ceilings, 6 slanted ceilings, 7 landing ceilings, 10 fire extinguishing equipment, 11 water supply pipes, 12 heat-sensitive open valves, 13 branch pipes, 14 fire extinguishing heads, 15 hanging walls, 1
6a, 16b check valve, 17 side fire extinguishing head.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fire extinguishing facility such as a staircase consisting of a landing ceiling and a sloping ceiling, wherein an open fire extinguishing head installed on the sloping ceiling and a landing pipe connected to a water pipe are installed on the landing ceiling. A fire-extinguishing facility comprising: a heat-sensitive release valve that opens in the event of a fire, wherein the fire-extinguishing head and the heat-sensitive release valve are connected via a pipe. 2. A check valve is provided on the upper floor side of the heat-sensitive release valve in a pipe connecting the fire-extinguishing head and the heat-sensitive release valve so as to face each other, and an open-type fire-extinguishing head is connected between the check valves. The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that. 3. A fire extinguishing facility such as a stair room having a landing ceiling and a sloping ceiling, wherein a closed type fire extinguishing head is installed on the landing ceiling, and a water-deflectable deflector is provided on the stairway section. Fire extinguishing equipment characterized by that. 4. The fire-extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein a hanging wall is provided on the ceiling on the upper floor side of the heat-sensitive open valve or the open-close type fire-extinguishing head.