JP2003161420A - Combustion control method and combustion control device of stoker incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion control method and a combustion control device of a stoker incinerator which adjust a primary air quantity and an oxygen quantity adapted to a temperature state of a combustion surface by highly accurately detecting a combustion surface temperature of a combustibles layer by removing influence of 'trailing' of a combustion flame, prevent the occurrence of inconvenience such as damage and transport impossibility of an ash sintering and ash processing unit, and also adjust an enriched oxygen supply quantity by quickly following a movement of a burn-off point. <P>SOLUTION: This stoker incinerator performs: primary combustion including gasification by supplying primary air from a primary air pipe with a primary air flow regulating valve in the combustibles layer of a combustion furnace; and secondary combustion by supplying secondary air to a secondary combustion chamber. The incinerator also supplies oxygen in the combustibles layer on the combustion furnace via an oxygen supply pipe opened and closed by an oxygen flow regulating valve, detects a surface temperature of combustibles in the combustion furnace by removing influence of the combustion flame, and adjusts: a supply quantity of the primary air via the primary air flow regulating valve on the basis of a detecting valve of the surface temperature; and a supply quantity of oxygen via the oxygen flow regulating valve. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is applied to a stoker type incinerator, and supplies primary air from a primary air pipe opened and closed by a primary air flow rate control valve into a combustible material layer put into a stoker combustion furnace. Combustion control method and combustion in a stoker incinerator, in which primary combustion including gasification is performed, and secondary air is supplied to a secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer to perform secondary combustion. Regarding the control device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a stoker type incinerator, primary air is supplied from a primary air pipe into a combustible material layer put on a stoker to perform primary combustion including pyrolysis gasification in a primary combustion chamber on the stoker. Then, secondary air is supplied in a secondary combustion chamber provided above the primary combustion chamber to perform high temperature combustion (secondary combustion) to suppress emission of dust and dioxin in the exhaust gas. In this type of incinerator, in the primary combustion that burns the combustible material layer put on the stoker,
In order to suppress the emission of dioxin and improve the properties of ash after combustion as described above, high temperature combustion is performed by supplying oxygen-enriched air as primary air.

The invention of JP-A-6-313534 is provided as one of the combustion control methods in the stoker type incinerator. In such an invention, the combustion strength is increased by increasing the oxygen ratio of the primary air in the primary combustion of the combustible material layer on the stoker, and the combustion strength in the secondary combustion chamber is increased by using the recirculated exhaust gas together with the secondary air. Combustion efficiency is improved by squeezing. Further, in the invention, the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer on the stoker is detected by the image captured by the CCD camera, the infrared camera, etc., and the oxygen ratio of the primary air and the oxygen ratio of the secondary air are controlled based on the detection signal. is doing.

[0004]

In the stoker type incinerator, as described above, in the primary combustion in which the combustible material layer put on the stoker is burned, the emission of dioxin is suppressed and the quality of ash after burning is improved. Therefore, high temperature combustion is performed by supplying oxygen-enriched air as primary air. Especially when a combustible material (dust) with a high calorific value is put on the stoker, the radiant heat from the combustion of the combustible material raises the surface temperature of the ash in the every combustion area of the latter part of the stoker, and the ash is sintered. I have something to do. Further, when the ash becomes large, the ash may drop on the ash processing apparatus to cause damage to the ash processing apparatus or the ash cannot be transported due to the increased volume of the ash.

In order to suppress the surface temperature rise of the ash in the combustion zone due to the high temperature combustion as described above, it is necessary to monitor the combustion state of the combustible material layer on the stoker and adjust the oxygen amount in the primary air. In short, the above-mentioned JP-A-6-3135
In the invention of No. 34, the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer on the stoker is detected by a captured image of a CCD camera, an infrared camera, etc., and the oxygen ratio of the primary air and the oxygen ratio of the secondary air are detected based on the detected signal Have control.

However, in this invention, the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer is detected by the image captured by a CCD camera, an infrared camera or the like, but the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer is particularly high. During high-temperature combustion, the accuracy of detection of the combustion surface temperature of the combustible layer decreases due to the "tanabiki" of the combustion flame, and the control accuracy of the primary air amount and oxygen ratio of primary air in primary combustion on the stoker decreases, resulting in dioxins. Of ash and deterioration of ash properties after combustion are likely to occur. Further, as a means for detecting the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer without being affected by the combustion flame, there is a means for installing a thermocouple at the upper part of the alternate combustion zone and monitoring the surface temperature. in case of,
Since the installation site of the thermocouple is in a high temperature and corrosive gas atmosphere, the life of the thermocouple is extremely short.

Further, in the stoker type incinerator, the state of the combustion flame such as the burnout point changes depending on the position on the stoker (grate), but conventionally, the burnout point of the main combustion stage of the stoker becomes the required position. As described above, the supply of the enriched oxygen to the wind box of the main combustion stage is merely increased, and a means for quickly adjusting the enriched oxygen supply to follow the movement of the burnout point is not provided, There are problems such as.

In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention detects the combustion surface temperature of the combustible material layer on the combustion furnace with high accuracy by removing the effect of "tanabuki" of the combustion flame, and detects the combustion surface of the combustible material layer. It is possible to adjust the primary air amount and oxygen amount according to the temperature condition of the ash, and increase the emission of dioxins and the deterioration of ash properties after combustion, resulting in ash sintering and damage to the ash treatment equipment, and increase in ash volume. A combustion control method and a combustion control device for an incinerator that can prevent the occurrence of problems such as inability to transport due to the above and can adjust the enriched oxygen supply amount by quickly following the movement of the burnout point in the stoker type incinerator. The purpose is to

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides gasification by supplying primary air, the flow rate of which is adjusted, into a combustible material layer put on a stoker. In the combustion control method of the stoker incinerator, the primary combustion is performed, and secondary combustion is performed by supplying secondary air to the secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer. By supplying a flow rate-adjusted oxygen into the combustible material layer, the surface temperature of the combustible material layer containing ash in the combustion furnace is detected by selecting a wavelength range for removing the influence of the combustion flame, and the surface is detected. A combustion control method for a stoker incinerator, which is characterized in that the supply amounts of the primary air and oxygen are adjusted based on a detected value of temperature.

In the first aspect of the present invention, it is specifically constructed as follows. That is, when the detected value of the surface temperature is higher than the reference value, the supply amount of the primary air is increased and the supply amount of the oxygen is decreased. Further, the surface temperature is detected from a captured image of the surface of the combustible material, and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O) that are the main components of the combustion flame are detected from the captured image through a bandpass filter. A thermal image signal in which the amount of light in the wavelength range having a degree of influence equal to or less than a certain value is converted into temperature is selected.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention of an apparatus for carrying out the invention according to claim 1, wherein the primary air from the primary air pipe is supplied into the combustible material layer charged into the combustion furnace of the stoker,
Along with performing primary combustion including gasification, it is configured to perform secondary combustion by supplying secondary air to a secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer, In a combustion control device for an incinerator having a primary air flow rate control valve that opens and closes, an oxygen supply pipe that supplies oxygen into a combustible layer of the combustion furnace, and an oxygen flow rate control valve that opens and closes a line of the oxygen supply pipe. And temperature detecting means for detecting the surface temperature of the combustible material layer containing ash on the combustion furnace, and carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) which is the main component of the combustion flame from the detection signal of the surface temperature from the temperature detecting means. And flame component removing means for removing the influence of water vapor (H ₂ O) by wavelength range selection, and the opening degree of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve is changed based on the detection signal of the surface temperature passed through the flame component removing means. In addition to adjusting the air supply Characterized by comprising a control device by changing the degree of opening of the unit flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the supply amount of oxygen.

[0012] In claim 6, the concrete construction is as follows. That is, the temperature detecting means has an infrared camera for capturing an image of the surface of the combustible material and an image processing means for converting an image signal captured by the infrared camera into a temperature signal, and the controller controls the surface from the temperature detecting means. When the detected temperature value is higher than the set reference value, the supply amount of the primary air is increased and the supply amount of the oxygen is decreased. Further, preferably, the temperature detection means has an influence degree of carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are main components of the combustion flame, which is less than a certain value from an image signal captured by an infrared camera in the temperature detection means. It is preferable to have a bandpass filter that transmits the wavelength of.

According to the present invention, for example, oxygen is supplied into the combustible material layer on the combustion furnace through the oxygen supply tube, and the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve for opening and closing the oxygen supply tube and the primary air supply tube into the combustible material layer are provided. The primary air flow rate adjusting valve for opening and closing is opened and closed based on the detected value of the surface temperature of the combustible material layer by a control device. Specifically, the detected value of the surface temperature is a reference value as in claims 2 and 7. When it is higher than the above, the supply amount of primary air is increased and the supply amount of oxygen is controlled to be decreased.

Further, the detection signal of the surface temperature is inputted to the control device after removing the influence of the combustion flame by selecting the wavelength range, that is, specifically, the surface of the combustible material is detected as the detection signal of the surface temperature of the combustible material. Detected from the captured image, and from the captured image, the amount of light in the wavelength range in which the degree of influence of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are the main components of the combustion flame, is equal to or less than a certain value is controlled by a bandpass filter. The converted thermal image signal is selected and input to the control device.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the detection signal of the surface temperature is converted into carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are the main components of the combustion flame, by using the bandpass filter as claimed in claim 8. The influence of the combustion flame is extracted by extracting the thermal image signal in which the amount of light in the wavelength range below the certain value is converted to temperature and input to the control device, so the influence of "tanabiki" of the combustion flame is surely removed. It is possible to obtain the detected surface temperature detection signal, and based on this accurate detection signal of the combustible material surface temperature, the controller increases the supply amount of primary air when the detected value of the combustible material surface temperature is higher than the reference value. Since the control is performed such that the supply amount of oxygen is reduced as well as the supply amount of primary air and oxygen, it is possible to control the supply amounts of primary air and oxygen in accordance with the surface temperature of the combustible material with high accuracy. With this, the combustion temperature of the combustion furnace is maintained at an appropriate temperature, and the emission amount of dioxin increases due to the combustion temperature being too small, and the ash sintering and ash treatment apparatus associated with the deterioration of ash properties due to the excessive combustion temperature It is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as damage and the inability to transport due to an increase in the volume of ash.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, in the combustible material layer in which the primary air whose flow rate is adjusted is put on the stoker through the wind box provided in each of the plurality of stages of stokers (grate). Control method for a stoker incinerator in which primary combustion including gasification is performed to supply secondary air to a secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer to perform secondary combustion. In, the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame in the stoker furnace is detected, and the flow rate of oxygen is supplied to each of the combustion stages of the stokers of the plurality of stages and the wind boxes of the alternate combustion stages, and the burn-out point of It is characterized in that the supply amount of oxygen to the air boxes of the respective stages is adjusted based on a position detection signal.

In the fourth aspect, specifically, the following construction is made. That is, when the position of the burn-off point is on the ash side of the fixed position, at least the oxygen supply amount to the wind box of the combustion stage is increased, and the position of the burn-off point is on the dust supply side of the fixed position. In some cases, at least the oxygen supply to the air box in the combustion stage is reduced.

The invention according to claim 9 is the invention of an apparatus for carrying out the above invention, wherein a plurality of stages of stoker (grate) for forming primary air from a primary air pipe opened and closed by a primary air flow rate adjusting valve in a stoker furnace. ) Is supplied to the combustible material layer put on the stoker through the wind box provided in each of the above) to perform the primary combustion including gasification and the secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer. In a combustion control device of an incinerator configured to supply secondary air to secondary combustion, oxygen supply for supplying oxygen to each of the combustion stages of the plurality of stages of the stoker and the wind box of the alternate combustion stage. A pipe, an oxygen flow rate adjusting valve that opens and closes the pipeline of each oxygen supply pipe, a burn-out point detection device that detects the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame on the stoker, and a burn-out point detection device from the burn-out point detection device. The burnout point detection signal is input When the position of the burn-out point is on the ash side of the constant position based on the detection signal of the burn-out point, at least the oxygen supply amount to the wind box of the combustion stage is increased, and the position of the burn-off point is a fixed position. It is characterized in that it is provided with a control device for reducing the oxygen supply amount to at least the air box of the combustion stage when it is on the dust supply side.

According to the present invention, the combustion flame in the stoker furnace is imaged by the top camera such as an infrared camera installed on the top of the stoker furnace, and the captured image is processed by the burn-out point detection device. The burn-out point of the combustion flame is detected and input to the control device. Then, based on the burn-out point detection signal by the control device, when the burn-out point detection position is on the ash side of the preset reference position, oxygen to at least the combustion stage wind box of the stoker The combustion flame is strengthened by increasing the opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve of the supply pipe to increase the oxygen supply amount, and when the burn-out point is located on the dust supply side of the reference position, at least the combustion of the stoker is performed. The combustion flame is weakened by reducing the opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve of the oxygen supply pipe to the stage wind box to reduce the oxygen supply amount.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the position of the oxygen-enriched stoker can be changed by rapidly following the movement of the burn-out point of the combustion flame in the stoker furnace,
It is possible to always keep the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame at an appropriate position. This makes it possible to uniformly perform high temperature combustion associated with oxygen enrichment in the main combustion stage, and suppress generation of dioxins. Further, even in the pre-combustion stage, high temperature combustion due to oxygen enrichment can be performed evenly, and it is possible to completely burn unburned matter in the main ash, thereby suppressing the generation of dioxin in the pre-combustion stage. In addition to being able to improve the properties of the main ash, it is possible to accelerate the sintering of the main ash and reduce the elution of heavy metals.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative positions, etc. of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto, unless there is a specific description, and are merely illustrative examples. Nothing more.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a stoker type incinerator and its combustion control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of the combustion control device, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the influence of combustion flame on a captured image. FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a stoker incinerator and its combustion control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1 showing the first embodiment of the present invention,
A stoker furnace 100 is configured as follows. 10
Reference numeral 1 is a stoker (grate) that constitutes a combustion furnace, and 121 is a pre-combustion stage that is formed on the rear side of the stoker 101. Reference numeral 108 denotes a waste hopper for storing the waste (combustible material) thrown on the stoker 101, and 122 denotes the stoker 10
Reference numeral 105 denotes a primary combustion chamber formed in the upper part of 1, and reference numeral 105 denotes a secondary combustion chamber provided above the primary combustion chamber 122. 114
Is a boiler for collecting exhaust gas heat, and 115 is a flue.

130a, 130b, 130c, 130
Reference numerals d and 130e denote wind boxes provided in the stoker 101, which are respectively provided under the drying stage in the front stage, the main combustion stage, and the lower combustion stage 121 in the rear stage. 111 is the wind box 130
a to 130e, a primary air pipe for supplying primary air, 7 is a primary air flow rate adjusting valve that opens and closes the conduit of the primary air pipe 111, and 123 is a secondary air in the secondary combustion chamber 105. It is a secondary air pipe for supplying. Further, 125 is an ash collection tank for collecting the ash 8 after combustion in the alternate combustion stage 121.

In the stoker furnace, the dust put on the stoker 101 from the dust hopper 108 is burned at a high temperature in the primary combustion chamber 122 by the primary air supplied to the stoker 101. This combustion gas is further burned at a higher temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 105 by the secondary air to be completely burned and the dioxins are decomposed. The exhaust gas after combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 105 is subjected to heat recovery by generating steam in the boiler 114, and then discharged into the atmosphere through the flue 115.

The primary air is pressure-fed from the blower 109 to the heat exchanger 112, heated in the heat exchanger 112 by the steam from the steam source 113, and then passed through the primary air pipe 111 to the wind box 130a. ~ 130e, respectively. Also, the ash 8 after combustion in the alternate combustion stage 121, which is the latter stage combustion part of the stoker 101, is the ash collection tank 1
25. The above configuration and operation are similar to those of the conventional stoker incinerator and combustion system. In the present invention, a combustion control method and a combustion control device for an incinerator including a stoker incinerator are improved.

That is, in FIG. 1, 5 is an oxygen supply device,
Reference numeral 9 is an oxygen supply pipe that connects the oxygen supply device 5 and each of the primary air pipes 111 (the oxygen supply pipe 9 is the wind box 1).
30a-130e may be directly connected). Reference numeral 6 is an oxygen flow rate adjusting valve that opens and closes the conduit of the oxygen supply pipe 9. still,
The oxygen supply pipe 9 does not have to be connected to the preceding drying stage air box 130a. Reference numeral 1 denotes an infrared camera that images the inside of the stoker furnace, specifically, the surface of a combustible material layer on the stoker 101, that is, the surface of a combustion layer of dust, and 2 denotes an infrared camera mounted on the infrared camera 1 and an image captured by the infrared camera 1. A bandpass filter 3 for removing the influence of carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are the main components of the combustion flame 120, by a means described later is image-processed by the image pickup image signal passed through the bandpass filter 2. And a surface temperature detecting device for converting into a temperature signal (surface temperature of the combustible material layer).

Reference numeral 4 denotes a control device, which is the surface temperature detecting device 3 described above.
Is supplied with the surface temperature detection signal of the combustible material layer, and the opening of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve 7 is changed by means to be described later based on the surface temperature detection signal to supply the primary air to the stoker 101. The secondary combustion chamber 10 by adjusting the amount and changing the opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6.
The amount of oxygen supplied to the No. 5 is adjusted.

Next, the combustion control method in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The image of the surface of the combustible material layer, that is, the surface of the combustion layer of the dust captured by the infrared camera 1 is passed through the bandpass filter 2 so that carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O) which are the main components of the combustion flame 120. A captured image from which the influence of 1) is removed is obtained.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the combustion flame 1
CO ₂ (CO ₂ ) and H ₂ which are the main components of 20
When the wavelength w of O (water vapor) is in the range of 3.8 to 4 μm (w ₀ range), the CO ₂ (carbon dioxide gas) and H ₂ O (water vapor) are used.
Is a measurement wavelength of the surface temperature of the combustible material layer that is not absorbed and radiated by the above, and is not affected by the "fluttering" of the combustion flame 120. On the other hand, in the region where the wavelength w is 3 μm or less, the influence of absorption and radiation by soot and dust is extremely large, and when the wavelength w exceeds 4 μm, absorption by CO ₂ (carbon dioxide gas) and H ₂ O (water vapor), Radiation suddenly increases, which is unsuitable as a measurement wavelength for the surface temperature of the combustible material layer.

As described above, the detection signal of the surface temperature of the combustible substance is detected by the bandpass filter 2 with a constant degree of influence of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O) which are the main components of the combustion flame. Since the thermal image signal in which the light amount in the following wavelength range (range of 3.8 to 4 μm) is temperature-converted is extracted and the influence of the combustion flame is removed and is input to the control device 4, the “tanabiki” of the combustion flame is detected. It is possible to obtain the detection signal of the surface temperature from which the influence is surely removed.

The picked-up image from the band-pass filter 2 which is not affected by the combustion flame 120 is image-processed by the surface temperature detecting device 3 and inputted to the control device 4 as a temperature signal, that is, a surface temperature signal of the combustible material layer. . In the control device 4, as shown in FIG. 2, a deviation (SV-P) between the detected value PV of the surface temperature and the set value SV of the surface temperature set as a target value in advance and the detected value PV of the surface temperature.
V) is taken, passed through a limiter, multiplied by K ₂ by a multiplier, and further divided by -K by the next multiplier, and distributed to two negative signals.

The positive signal obtained by multiplying the deviation (SV-PV) by K ₂ is added to the enriched oxygen flow rate set value preset by the adder after passing through the limiter, and a new corrected set value SV is obtained. Is input to the PID controller as
Then, an output signal of the manipulated variable is created by the operation of the current enriched oxygen flow rate PV, and the output signal is transmitted to the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6 to adjust the opening degree of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6. Therefore, the control device 4 controls the opening degree of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6 to decrease when the detected value PV of the surface temperature increases (when the deviation (SV-PV) decreases). And
It becomes possible to control the supply amount of primary air and oxygen to the surface temperature of combustibles with high accuracy.

On the other hand, the negative signal obtained by multiplying the deviation (SV-PV) by -K is added to the preset primary air flow rate set value by the adder after passing the limiter, and the new set value is corrected. It is input to the PID controller as SV, an output signal of the manipulated variable is generated by the operation of the set value SV and the current air flow rate PV, and the output signal is output to the primary air flow rate adjusting valve 7
To adjust the opening of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve 7.
Therefore, the controller 4 detects the detected value PV of the surface temperature PV.
Is increased (the deviation (SV-PV) is decreased), the opening of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve 7 is controlled to be increased.

As described above, when the detected value PV of the surface temperature becomes large, the control device 4 (the deviation (SV-
(PV) becomes smaller), the opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6 is controlled to be smaller, and the opening of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve 7 is controlled to be larger (the detected value PV of the surface temperature PV.
Is smaller than the above value, the reverse control is performed. Therefore, it becomes possible to control the supply amounts of oxygen and primary air to the air boxes 130a to 130e with high accuracy by adapting to the surface temperature of the combustible material.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, 01 is installed at the top of the stoker furnace 100 and
It is a furnace top camera such as an infrared camera that images the combustion flame 120 inside. Reference numeral 03 is a burn-out point detection device, which performs image processing on the image captured by the furnace top camera 01 to detect the position of the burn-out point corresponding to the position of the stoker 101 of the combustion flame 120 and inputs it to the control device described later. To do. 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130
Reference numeral e is a wind box provided in the lower part of the upstream combustion stage 121, which is a downstream stage of the stoker 101, passes through the main combustion stage, and passes through the main combustion stage. Reference numeral 5 is an oxygen supply device, and 9 is an oxygen supply pipe that connects the oxygen supply device 5 and the primary air pipes 111 to the air boxes 130a to 130e (the oxygen supply pipe 9).
May be directly connected to the air boxes 130a to 130e). Reference numeral 6 denotes an oxygen flow rate adjusting valve that opens and closes the pipeline of each oxygen supply pipe 9.

Reference numeral 04 denotes a control device which, based on the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame 120 corresponding to the position of the stoker 101 input from the burn-out point detection device 03, determines the position of the burn-out point above a constant value. Stalker 1 when on the ash side
01 main combustion stage 124 wind boxes 130b, 130c, 13
0d and the amount of oxygen supplied to the wind box 130e of the alternate combustion stage are increased, and when the burn-off point is located on the dust supply side rather than a fixed position, the wind box 130 of the main combustion stage 124 is
b, 130c, 130d, and the air box 130 of the alternate combustion stage
It reduces the amount of oxygen supplied to e. The structure other than the above is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same members are designated by the same reference numerals.

In the second embodiment, the stoker furnace 1 is used.
An image pickup signal of the combustion flame 120 in the stoker furnace 100, which is picked up by the furnace top camera 01 installed at the top of 00, is input to the burn-out point detection device 03. In the burn-out point detection device 03, the captured image is image-processed to the position of the stoker 101 of the combustion flame 120, that is, the position on the stoker 101 from the main combustion stage 124 of the stoker 101 to the combustion stage 121. Corresponding combustion flame 120
The position of the burn-out point is detected and input to the control device 04.

In the control device 04, the position on the stoker 101 from the burn-out point detection device 03, that is, the wind boxes 130b, 130c, 130d of the main combustion stage 124,
Based on the detection signal of the burn-off point corresponding to the position corresponding to the wind box 130e of the vertical combustion stage, the position of the burn-off point, that is, the position of the burn-off point, is the preset reference position, that is, the required high temperature combustion. When it is on the ash side of the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame 120 capable of achieving the above, the oxygen flow rate provided in the oxygen supply pipe 9 to the wind box (for example, the wind box 130b) corresponding to the position of the burn-off point. The opening of the adjusting valve 6 is increased to increase the amount of oxygen supplied to the position of the burnout point. As a result, the amount of oxygen at the position of the burn-off point height increases and the combustion flame is strengthened.

When the position of the burn-off point is on the dust supply side of the reference position, the oxygen supply pipe 9 to the wind box (for example, the wind box 130c) corresponding to the position of the burn-off point is provided. The opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve 6 is reduced to reduce the amount of oxygen supplied to the burn-off point. As a result, the amount of oxygen at the position of the burn-off point is reduced and the combustion flame is weakened.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, the air boxes 130b to 130e are enriched with oxygen according to the movement of the burn-out point position of the combustion flame 120 in the stoker furnace 100.
Can be changed, that is, the position of the stoker 101 can be changed, and the height of the burn-out point of the combustion flame 120 can be constantly maintained at an appropriate position. This makes it possible to uniformly perform high-temperature combustion associated with oxygen enrichment in the main combustion stage 124, and suppress generation of dioxins. Further, high temperature combustion due to oxygen enrichment can be performed evenly in the preliminary combustion stage 121, and unburned matter in the main ash can be completely burned, and dioxins are generated in the preliminary combustion stage 121. The properties of the main ash can be improved and the sintering of the main ash can be promoted, and the elution of heavy metals can be reduced.

[0042]

As described above, according to the inventions of claims 1 to 3 and 6 to 8, the detection signal of the surface temperature of the combustible material layer is burned by using the bandpass filter as claimed in claim 8. Control by removing the influence of the combustion flame by extracting the thermal image signal in which the amount of light in the wavelength range where the degree of influence of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are the main components of the flame, is below a certain value is extracted and the influence of the combustion flame is removed. "Tanabiki" of combustion flame as input to the device
It is possible to obtain a detection signal of the surface temperature from which the influence of is reliably removed, and based on such an accurate detection signal of the surface temperature of the combustible material, when the detected value of the surface temperature of the combustible material is higher than the reference value, the primary Since the control is performed so as to increase the supply amount of air and decrease the supply amount of oxygen, it becomes possible to control the supply amounts of primary air and oxygen to the combustible material surface temperature with high accuracy.

As a result, the combustion temperature of the combustion furnace is maintained at an appropriate temperature, the amount of dioxin emission is increased due to the combustion temperature being too small, and the ash is sintered and the ash is accompanied by the deterioration of the ash properties due to the combustion temperature being too high. It is possible to prevent damage to the processing device and problems such as inability to transport due to increase in ash volume.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to change the position of the oxygen-enriched stoker by rapidly following the movement of the burn-out point of the combustion flame in the stoker furnace,
It is possible to always keep the position of the burn-out point of the combustion flame at an appropriate position. This makes it possible to uniformly perform high temperature combustion associated with oxygen enrichment in the main combustion stage, and suppress generation of dioxins. Further, even in the pre-combustion stage, high temperature combustion due to oxygen enrichment can be performed evenly, and it is possible to completely burn unburned matter in the main ash, thereby suppressing the generation of dioxin in the pre-combustion stage. In addition to being able to improve the properties of the main ash, it is possible to accelerate the sintering of the main ash and reduce the elution of heavy metals.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a stoker incinerator and a combustion control device therefor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of the combustion control device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the influence of combustion flame on a captured image.

FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a stoker incinerator and its combustion control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 infrared camera 01 furnace top camera 2 bandpass filter 3 surface temperature detection device 4, 04 control device 5 oxygen supply device 6 oxygen flow rate control valve 9 oxygen supply pipe 7 primary air flow rate control valve 100 stoker furnace 101 stoker (mainly grate 124 Combustion stage 105 Secondary combustion chamber 108 Waste hopper 111 Primary air pipe 114 Boiler 120 Combustion flame 121 Every other combustion stage 122 Primary combustion chamber 123 Secondary air pipes 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 130e
Wind box

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F23L 7/00 F23L 7/00 A F23M 11/04 103 F23M 11/04 103 (72) Inventor Masanori Nobe Yokohama 12 Nishiki-cho, Naka-ku, Yokohama, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor, Takehiro Katazawa 1-8, Yukiura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama F-Term, Yokohama Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (reference) 3K023 JA01 3K061 HA16 HA17 3K062 AA01 AB02 BA02 CA08 CB03 DA01 DB06 DB08 3K078 AA02 BA03 CA03 CA12 CA21

Claims (9)

[Claims] A primary combustion including gasification is performed by supplying primary air and oxygen whose flow rate is adjusted into a combustible material layer put on a stoker, and secondary combustion provided above the combustible material layer. In a combustion control method for a stoker incinerator that supplies secondary air to a chamber to perform secondary combustion, a surface temperature range of the combustible material layer containing ash in the combustion furnace is a wavelength range for removing the influence of a combustion flame. Is selected and detected, and the supply amounts of the primary air and oxygen are adjusted based on the detected value of the surface temperature, and a combustion control method for a stoker incinerator. 2. The stoker incinerator according to claim 1, wherein when the detected value of the surface temperature is higher than a reference value, the supply amount of the primary air is increased and the supply amount of the oxygen is decreased. Combustion control method. 3. The surface temperature is detected from a captured image of the surface of the combustible material, and carbon dioxide (C) which is the main component of the combustion flame is detected from the captured image through a bandpass filter.
The combustion control method for a stoker incinerator according to claim 1, wherein a thermal image signal in which the amount of light in a wavelength range in which the degree of influence of O ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O) is equal to or less than a certain value is converted is selected. 4. Gasification by supplying primary air and oxygen whose flow rate has been adjusted to a combustible material layer put on a stoker through a wind box provided in each of the stokers (grate) of a plurality of stages. In the combustion control method of the stoker incinerator, the primary combustion is performed, and secondary combustion is performed by supplying secondary air to the secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer. Detects the burn-off point position of the combustion flame,
Supplying oxygen with a flow rate adjusted to each of the combustion stages of the plurality of stages of stokers and the air boxes of the alternate combustion stages, and the amount of oxygen supplied to the wind chambers of each stage based on the detection signal of the position of the burn-out point. A method for controlling combustion in a stoker incinerator, comprising: 5. When the position of the burn-off point is on the ash side of the fixed position, at least the amount of oxygen supplied to the wind box of the combustion stage is increased, and the position of the burn-off point is more dust than the fixed position. The combustion control method for a stoker incinerator according to claim 4, wherein the oxygen supply amount to at least the air box of the combustion stage is reduced when the stoker is on the supply side. 6. The primary air from the primary air pipe is supplied into the combustible material layer introduced into the combustion furnace of the stoker to perform primary combustion including gasification, and the primary air is provided above the combustible material layer. In a combustion control device for an incinerator, which is configured to supply secondary air to a secondary combustion chamber to perform secondary combustion, and which includes a primary air flow rate adjusting valve that opens and closes the conduit of the primary air pipe,
An oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen into the combustible material layer of the combustion furnace, and an oxygen flow rate adjusting valve for opening and closing the pipeline of the oxygen supply pipe,
Temperature detection means for detecting the surface temperature of the combustible material layer containing ash on the combustion furnace, and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water vapor, which are the main components of the combustion flame, from the detection signal of the surface temperature from the temperature detection means. Flame component removing means for removing the influence of (H ₂ O) by wavelength range selection, and the opening degree of the primary air flow rate adjusting valve is changed based on the detection signal of the surface temperature passed through the flame component removing means to change the primary air flow rate. A combustion control device for a stoker incinerator, comprising: a control device that adjusts the supply amount and changes the opening of the oxygen flow rate adjusting valve to adjust the oxygen supply amount. 7. The temperature detecting means has an infrared camera for picking up an image of the surface of the combustible material, and an image processing means for converting an image signal picked up by the infrared camera into a temperature signal, and the control device has the temperature detecting means. 7. When the detected value of the surface temperature from is higher than the set reference value, the supply amount of the primary air is increased, and the supply amount of the oxygen is decreased. Combustion control device for incinerator. 8. The temperature detecting means transmits a wavelength of which the degree of influence of carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), which are the main components of the combustion flame, is equal to or less than a certain value from an image signal captured by an infrared camera. The combustion control device for a stoker incinerator according to claim 7, further comprising a bandpass filter. 9. The primary air from the primary air pipe opened and closed by the primary air flow rate adjusting valve is fed onto the stoker via a wind box provided in each of a plurality of stages of stoker (grate) constituting the stoker furnace. It is configured to perform primary combustion including gasification by supplying it to the charged combustible material layer, and to supply secondary air to a secondary combustion chamber provided above the combustible material layer to perform secondary combustion. In the combustion control device of the incinerator, an oxygen supply pipe for supplying oxygen to each of the combustion stages of the plurality of stokers and the air boxes of the alternate combustion stages, and an oxygen flow rate for opening and closing the pipelines of the oxygen supply pipes. Adjusting valve, burnout point detection device for detecting the position of the burnout point of the combustion flame on the stoker, the detection signal of the burnout point from the burnout point detection device is input and the detection signal of the burnout point The position of the burnout point is fixed based on When it is on the ash side of the installation, it increases at least the oxygen supply amount to the air box of the combustion stage, and when the position of the burn-off point is on the dust supply side from a certain position, at least the air box of the combustion stage. A combustion control device for a stoker incinerator, which is equipped with a control device that reduces the amount of oxygen supplied to the stoker.