JP2003158863A - Hb permanent magnet ring coil type rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of a conventional HB-type stepping motor, where, since complicated processes are required for inserting coils through stator slots and providing insulation between the coils and a core, a significantly large equipment investment is necessary for small quantity production. SOLUTION: There are provided a rotatable HB-type rotor comprising a permanent magnet axially magnetized to an N-pole and an S-pole, first and second rotor elements holding the permanent magnet between them and having Nr small teeth formed at identical pitches, and third and fourth rotor elements provided outside the first and second rotor elements and having the same structures as the first and second rotor elements, and an A-phase an B-phase stator units comprising ring coils. The magnetic elements of the stator units are short-circuited by the outer circumferential parts or the inner circumferential parts of the ring coils to form a magnetic path along which the flux of the N-pole of the rotor is introduced from the A-phase stator unit, made to pass through the B-phase stator unit, and returned to the S-pole of the rotor. Further, by applying positive or negative currents to the two ring coils, the paths of the rotor fluxes are controlled successively to be turned on and off to turn the rotor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an OA such as a printer.
The present invention relates to a hybrid (hereinafter abbreviated as HB) permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine used in equipment or labor-saving equipment such as small robots.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art 1) An HB type rotary electric machine (mainly a stepping motor) having a magnetic rotor with small teeth and a permanent magnet sandwiched therein has a large torque and a high resolution, so that it is a two-phase type or a three-phase type H.
Widely used as a B type stepping motor. 8A and 8B are explanatory views of a conventional three-phase three-main pole HB type stepping motor. Reference numerals 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 each have three stator main poles, each of which has a plurality of small teeth at their tips, and a so-called phase coil 3 is distributed in the main pole in the rotation direction of the rotor. , Has a phase distribution structure. In the structure of FIGS. 8A and 8B, the coil 3 is inserted through the stator slot, and therefore the electrical work takes time and cannot be achieved at low cost. Reference numeral 4 is an outer yoke made of a magnetic material, and 5 and 6 are front and rear brackets for holding a bearing 9, respectively. The rotor 2 is composed of magnetic bodies 2-1 and 2-2, has a plurality of small teeth on the outer circumference thereof, and holds a permanent magnet 7 magnetized in the axial direction to the NS2 pole from both sides, and bearings through a rotary shaft 8. It is supported by 9 and can rotate via the air gap with the main pole of the stator.

2) Recently, a ring coil type two-phase HB type stepping motor having no slot has been proposed in "US Pat. No. 4,746,697". Figure 7
Shows the one-phase stator main pole 11 and the ring coil 31 used for this purpose. Since the stator main pole 11 has the partial collar 10 projecting in the axial direction, it is difficult to form a laminated structure stator of thin iron plates suitable for reducing iron loss and providing a large number of small teeth. there were.

3) On the other hand, as a three-phase ring coil type stepping motor, there is a so-called VR (variable magnetic resistance) type stepping motor which does not use a permanent magnet having a structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, 16 is a rotor small tooth, and 33 is a stator coil. However, since the permanent magnet is not used, the efficiency is poor, and the torque is proportional to the square of the current, so the controllability is not linear and difficult to control.

[0005]

The HB type stepping motor has an advantage that it can obtain a minute step angle.
The stator has a phase-distributed structure, and since the coil is inserted from the stator slot, it takes time for the electrical work and becomes expensive.
Moreover, the winding machine for this is expensive, and furthermore, the stator main pole has slots, and it is extremely expensive because it is complicated including the insulation between the coil and the iron core. .

Two-phase, three-phase, and five-phase type stators are produced in the phase distribution type structure. Since these phases are distributed in the rotational direction, there are eight slots in the two-phase type and three in the three-phase type. , 6, 9,
Twelve slots and ten slots of a five-phase type are provided, the same number of main poles are provided with a plurality of small teeth at the tips, and windings are wound around the main poles. In this case, as the number of main poles increases, there is a problem that the interlinkage magnetic flux decreases and the output torque also decreases. The reason for this will be described below.

For example, when the same permanent magnet rotor is incorporated, the generated torques for the six main poles in the three phases and one phase of the three main poles are T6 and T3, respectively. In this case, since the rotors are the same, the total amount of magnetic flux from the permanent magnet rotor is the same. If the number of coil turns N per phase is the same for both, 6
In the case of the main pole, the flux linkage and the number of turns per main pole are
(Yo / 6) and (N / 2), which are composed of two main poles per phase, and therefore, when the current is I and k is a constant, Equation 1 is obtained.

[0008]

[Equation 1]

On the other hand, in the case of three main poles, the interlinkage magnetic flux and the number of turns per main pole are (Yo / 3) and N, respectively.
Since one main pole is provided for each phase, and since the number of windings in one phase is the same, the currents are the same, which is Equation 2.

[0010]

[Equation 2]

Comparing equations (1) and (2), three of three main pole structures
It can be seen that the phase machine has a larger torque. It can also be seen that the torque is inversely proportional to the number of stator main poles.

It is considered that this phase distribution type structure of three-phase three-main poles has the smallest number of main poles and has the same size and high torque. This is because the number of main stator poles having the smallest structure in the 2-phase type is 4 in the 5-phase type. As a prior art of this three-phase three-main-pole structure, there are Japanese Patent No. 3140814 and corresponding US Patent No. 5289064.

However, in the three main pole structures according to these prior arts, when the rotor is of the HB type, when energized, an unbalanced electromagnetic force (side pull) in the radial direction, which is an attractive force in the normal direction between the stator and the rotor, is generated. ) Exists, the radial unbalanced electromagnetic force draws a small gap in the bearing portion, and the air gap between the stator and the rotor is eccentric, which may increase vibration and cogging torque. Although the small teeth of the rotor are omitted in FIG. 8A, when the small rotor teeth 2-1 face the stator main pole 1-1, the small rotor teeth 2-2 become the stator main pole 1-. Since the electrical angles are different from those of Nos. 2 and 1-3 by 60 °, even if three-phase excitation is performed, the resultant force of the electromagnetic attraction force in the radial direction in the vertical direction is the rotor 2-1 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 8B. In the direction Fn, the magnetic body 2-2 of the rotor 2 is downward in the direction Fs (=
The force of Fn / 2) acts to generate a couple, which causes the above-mentioned inconvenience.

Further, in the conventional three-phase permanent magnet type stepping motor and brushless motor, since an inverter is used and positive and negative alternating currents are required, six transistors are required.

Further, in the conventional phase distribution structure, the degree of freedom of the step angle is limited due to the relationship between the number of slots and the number of rotor teeth. Further, since the shape of the stator core changes when the number of phases of the stator is different, separate stator cores are required for two phases, three phases, five phases, and the like.

The present invention eliminates the above drawbacks.

[0017]

A two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine according to the present invention has a permanent magnet magnetized to have NS2 poles in the axial direction and Nr small teeth sandwiching the permanent magnet. Rotatably composed of the first and second rotor elements formed in 1) and the third and fourth rotor elements of the same configuration respectively arranged on the axially outer sides of the first and second rotor elements. A HB type rotor, a stator made of first to fourth magnetic bodies having Nr small teeth formed facing each of the first to fourth rotor elements via an air gap, respectively; First,
An A-phase stator unit formed by a third magnetic body and a ring coil sandwiched by the third magnetic body;
B-phase stator unit formed by the magnetic body and the ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic body, and the magnetic bodies of the A- and B-phase stator units are magnetically short-circuited in the peripheral portion of the ring coil, and The phase stator unit is opposed to the N pole side of the rotor, the B phase stator unit is opposed to the S pole side of the rotor, and the magnetic flux of the N pole of the rotor is called from the A phase stator unit B By forming a magnetic path for returning to the S pole of the rotor via the phase stator unit and passing a current through the ring coil, between the first and third magnetic bodies of the stator unit and the second magnetic body. A valve for blocking and passing the rotor magnetic flux is formed between the fourth magnetic bodies, and the rotor magnetic flux passage is sequentially turned on and off to rotate the rotor.

In the rotor of the present invention, the first and third rotor elements are integrally formed at the same tooth position, and the second and fourth rotor elements are integrally formed at the same tooth position. You may choose the position between them.

In the two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the small tooth positions of the first and third magnetic bodies and the second and fourth magnetic bodies of the stator unit are aligned with each other in the circumferential direction. At least, the small teeth of the first rotor element are rotated in the rotation direction (180 / Nr) with respect to the small teeth of the third rotor element.
The small teeth of the second rotor element with respect to the small teeth of the first rotor element by (90 / Nr) degrees, and the fourth teeth with respect to the small teeth of the second rotor element. Replace the small teeth of the rotor element with (1
80 / Nr) degrees. This method can be said to be the most desirable method from the standpoint of making the assembly jig of the stator cylindrical.

Further, in the two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the small tooth positions of the first, third rotor element and the second, fourth rotor element coincide with each other in the circumferential direction. At least, the small teeth of the first stator magnetic body are rotated in the rotation direction (180 / Nr) with respect to the small teeth of the third stator magnetic body.
The magnetic small teeth of the second stator unit are (90 / Nr) degrees with respect to the small teeth of the first stator magnetic body, and the magnetic small teeth of the second stator unit are with respect to the small teeth. The magnetic small teeth of the fourth stator unit are shifted by (180 / Nr) degrees.

In the three-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the permanent magnet magnetized to the NS2 pole in the axial direction and the Nr small teeth sandwiching the permanent magnet are formed at the equal pitch. A rotor formed by arranging three sets of HB type rotors composed of first and second rotor elements in the axial direction, and three sets of H
A stator composed of first to sixth magnetic bodies having Nr small teeth, which face each rotor element of the B-type rotor via an air gap, and the first and second magnetic bodies. And an A-phase stator unit formed by the ring coil sandwiched thereby, a B-phase stator unit formed by the third and fourth magnetic bodies and the ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic body, and the fifth phase , A C-phase stator unit formed by a sixth magnetic body and a ring coil sandwiched by the sixth magnetic body, and each of the two magnetic bodies of the A, B and C-phase stator units is surrounded by a ring coil. Magnetically short-circuits at least one part to magnetically insulate at least either two adjacent rotor sets or adjacent stator units, and the small teeth of the magnetic material of each phase stator unit face this. The above rotor element Small teeth opposition, of the magnetic flux of N pole of each rotor by way of the one attract a magnetic material other magnetic stator unit rotor in each phase S of
By forming a magnetic path to return to the pole and passing a current in one direction (positive or negative) through each of the above ring coils, a rotor magnetic flux valve for each phase is configured and the rotor magnetic flux paths are turned on sequentially. , OFF control is performed to rotate the rotor.

In the three-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention, the positions of the first and second magnetic small teeth of each of the above phases are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, so that The small tooth positions of the second rotor element are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the small tooth of the B-phase first rotor element is rotated with respect to the small tooth of the A-phase first rotor element. To (120
/ Nr), the small teeth of the C-phase first rotor element are set to (120 / N) with respect to the small teeth of the B-phase first rotor element.
r) Degree shift. It can be said that this method is the most desirable method because of simplification of the jig for assembling the stator.

Further, the five-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention is such that the permanent magnet magnetized to the NS2 pole in the axial direction and the Nr small teeth sandwiching the permanent magnet are formed at equal pitches. A rotor formed by arranging 5 sets of HB type rotors each including a first rotor element and a second rotor element in the axial direction, and an HB of these 5 sets.
A stator composed of first to tenth magnetic bodies each having Nr small teeth and facing the respective rotor elements of the B-type rotor through an air gap, and the first and second magnetic bodies. And A formed by the ring coil sandwiched by this
B-phase stator unit formed of a phase stator unit, the third and fourth magnetic bodies, and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic body, the fifth and sixth magnetic bodies, and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic body. And a D-phase stator unit formed by the C-phase stator unit formed by and the seventh and eighth magnetic bodies and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies, and the ninth and tenth magnetic bodies. It consists of the E-phase stator unit formed by the ring coil sandwiched by this, and each two magnetic bodies of the above-mentioned A, B, C, D and E-phase stator units are magnetized at the periphery of the ring coil. Magnetically insulate either at least between adjacent rotors or between adjacent stator units,
The small teeth of the magnetic material of the stator unit of each phase are made to face the small teeth of the rotor element that faces them, and the magnetic flux of the N pole of the rotor in each phase is called in from one magnetic material of the stator unit. A magnetic path for returning to the S pole of the rotor is formed via the other magnetic body, and a current in one direction (positive or negative) is applied to each of the ring coils, so that the rotor magnetic flux of each phase is valved. Is configured, and the rotor magnetic flux passage is sequentially turned on and off to rotate the rotor.

Further, in the 5-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine of the present invention, the positions of the first and second magnetic small teeth of each of the above phases are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the first and second of each phase are The small tooth positions of the second rotor element are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the small tooth of the B-phase first rotor element is rotated with respect to the small tooth of the A-phase first rotor element. To (72 /
Nr) degrees, the small teeth of the C-phase first rotor element are (72 / Nr) with respect to the small teeth of the B-phase first rotor element.
And the above D phase with respect to the small teeth of the C phase first rotor element.
The small tooth of the first rotor element of the phase is (72 / Nr) degrees, and the small tooth of the first rotor element of the D phase is the first tooth of the E phase with respect to the small tooth of the first rotor element of the D phase.
The small teeth of the rotor element of are shifted by (72 / Nr) degrees.

It is characterized in that the flow rate of the rotor magnetic flux is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current flowing through the ring coil.

At least one of the stator and the rotor is formed by laminating silicon steel plates having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less.

The HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine of the present invention is characterized in that the non-excitation phase is used as a sensor for obtaining rotor information.

In the two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine of the present invention, there is a bearing portion for rotatably supporting the rotor, and a recess is formed on the side surface of the rotor element facing the bearing portion. It is characterized in that the above-mentioned bearing portion is provided and stored.

Further, it is characterized in that it has at least one side or the same position of the edge of the tooth rotating with the stator tooth in the axial direction.

[0030]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1A is a front view of a two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a vertical sectional side view. Reference numerals 11 to 14 are stator main poles made of a magnetic material and having Nr small teeth of equal pitch on the inner circumference, and have the same configuration. The small tooth positions of the stator main poles 11 to 14 are set at the same position in the circumferential direction to facilitate insertion and withdrawal of the core bar jig for positioning the teeth before incorporating the rotor. 21
Numerals 24 to 24 are rotors having Nr small teeth on the outer circumference, which are the same as the number of small stator teeth, and have the same configuration. The rotors change their small tooth positions from each other, and the rotor 22 is different from the rotor 21 in the rotation direction by 180- / Nr, 23 is 90- / Nr with respect to 22 and 24 is 180- / Nr with respect to 23. To Reference numerals 31 and 32 are ring coils wound around an insulating bobbin. The rotors 21 and 22 have, for example, S poles and 2
3, 24 are magnetized to the N pole. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1B, the outer surface of the rotor 24 is recessed in a U shape, and the bearing 9 is housed therein to reduce the axial shape.

FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams in which an air gap portion is linearly developed in the circumferential direction in order to explain the principle of rotation of the motor when the present invention is applied to a two-phase stepping motor. St is a stator portion and Rt is a portion. Is the rotor section. The coil wound around each of the stator main poles 11 to 14 is actually a ring coil.

In step 1), as shown in FIG. 2A, a positive current in the direction of the arrow is passed through the one-phase coil, whereby the stator main pole 11 is magnetized to have N polarity and 12 to S polarity. In this state, the magnetic flux φ generated from N of the permanent magnet 7 on the rotor side enters the two-phase side stators 13 and 14 as the magnetic flux indicated by the dotted line and enters two phases.
Attempts to return to the permanent magnet 7 from the S-polarity small tooth of the rotor on the one-phase side via the yoke between the one-phase. In this case, φ is difficult to pass through 12 because the stator main pole 11 is magnetized with N polarity and S polarity with 12 by the one-phase coil, and returns to the S pole of the rotor through 11.

In step 2), as shown in FIG. 2B, the coil energization is changed from the one-phase coil to the two-phase coil and positively energized. For the same reason as in step 1, the magnetic flux generated from N of the rotor is the stator main pole 13 Cannot pass through, enters from 14, and returns to the rotor S from 11 and 12. At this time, comparing the positions of the rotor in steps 1) and 2), it can be seen that the rotor has moved to the left by 1/4 of the small tooth pitch of the rotor, that is, 360− / 4Nr = 90− / Nr. This 90- / Nr is one step angle.

In step 3), the energization of the two-phase coil is transferred to the one-phase coil, and since the negative current of the opposite polarity to that in step 1) is energized, the rotor magnetic flux is not the main stator pole 11 but 12 this time. 2C, the result is as shown in FIG. 2C.
Compared with, the rotor moves one step further to the left.

In step 4), the coil energization is as shown in FIG. 2D due to the negative current excitation in one phase to two phases.
The rotor advances to the left of the step.

Next, the process returns to step 1, and thereafter, the step operation is repeated in this order to rotate the rotor. As can be seen from the above operation principle, the step is performed by sequentially changing the passage of the rotor magnetic flux according to the energization command of the stator coil. The magnetic flux of the rotor is a two-phase ring coil interphase magnetic path system that passes between the first phase and the second phase as a magnetic path.

FIG. 3 is a view seen from the thickness (radial) direction of the air gap in order to correctly understand the principle of rotation of the two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine of the present invention. The overlapping of the stator main poles is shown, the stator main pole is shown by the dotted line, and the rotor is shown by the solid line. The horizontal (left and right) direction in FIG. 3 is the direction of the rotation axis, and the vertical direction is the moving direction of the rotor.
FIG. 3 is a view of FIG. 2A viewed from the radial direction. Ie 1
The stator main pole 11 and the rotor 21 on the phase side are aligned and overlapped with each other so that magnetic flux can pass therethrough, and the stator main pole 12 and the rotor 22 have a mountain-valley relationship in which the small teeth are offset by 180- / Nr. Magnetic flux cannot pass here. In addition, the stator main pole 13 on the two-phase side
The rotors 23 and 14 and 24 overlap each other by about 1/2, and the magnetic flux can pass through both of them. In FIG. 3, the positions of the stator main poles 11, 12, 13, 14 are the same in the circumferential direction, and as described above, the positioning by the jig is facilitated. The positional relationship of the rotor small teeth in this case is as shown in FIG. This method is preferable, but not limited to this, the rotors 21 and 22 are integrated with each other, and the rotors 23 and 24 are integrated with each other, and the stator main poles 11 and 12, and 13 and 14 are separated by 1 /.
A structure in which two small tooth pitches are shifted may be used. Further, in FIG. 3, for example, the horizontal widths of the stator main poles 11 and 12 are made different so that the overlap between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth can be seen. However, if at least one of the vertical lines is configured to be aligned, axial vibration will occur. Significantly reduced due to fringing effect. For example, in FIG. 4B, the line in contact with the permanent magnets 7 of the rotors 21 and 22 and the axial space line of the stator main poles 11 and 12 coincide, but this effect is aimed at.

Next, the three-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention will be described. 4A is a front view of FIG.
B is a vertical sectional side view, and the same parts as those in FIGS. 1A and 1B are denoted by the same reference numerals. Reference numerals 15 and 16 are stator main poles for three phases, and the main stator poles of each phase are ring coils 31 and 3, respectively.
Excite with 2, 33. The rotors 21 to 26 are arranged so as to face the respective stator main poles. Then, between the one-phase partial rotors 21 and 22, similarly between the two-phase partial rotors 23 and 24, 3
The permanent magnet 7 is inserted between the phase components 25 and 26, and the axial direction 8
Direction, the rotors 21, 23 and 25 are magnetized to the S polarity, and the rotors 22, 24 and 26 are magnetized to the N polarity. A non-magnetic spacer 17 is inserted between each phase rotor. In this structure, since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 needs to pass only through its own phase stator, at least the adjacent phases of the rotor or the stator must be magnetically insulated. Therefore, the shaft 8 also has the above-mentioned 2
A non-magnetic material is desirable, including the phase machine.

Next, referring to FIG. 4A and FIG.
The principle of rotation of the phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine will be described with reference to FIG. Also in this case, as in the case of the two phases, the stator main poles 11 to 16 are at the same position in the circumferential direction, and the rotor positions are the rotors 21 and 22, 23 and 24, and 25 and 26 in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 5A. Same position,
The distance between 22 and 23 and the distance between 24 and 25 are shifted by 120- / Nr.

Step 1) is shown in FIG. 5A, in which the one-phase coil 31 is energized, a current flows in the direction of the arrow, and the stator main pole 1
1 is magnetized to N polarity and 12 is magnetized to S polarity. The one-phase rotor 21, which is the S pole, is aligned with the main stator pole 11, and the N pole, 22 is aligned with 12. At this time, the relationship between the two-phase and three-phase stators and rotors is as shown in the figure, and the second-phase stators and rotor teeth are displaced by 120- / Nr.

Step 2) is shown in FIG. 5B, in which the current is transferred from the one-phase coil to the two-phase coil, and the main pole stator 13 and the rotors 23, 14 and 24 are attracted and overlap each other. At this time, comparing the rotor positions in steps 1) and 2), it can be seen that the rotor has moved downward by 120- / Nr in the vertical direction of the figure.

Step 3) is shown in FIG. 5C, in which the current is transferred from the two-phase coil to the three-phase coil, and the main pole stators 15 and 25,
16 and 26 are attracted and overlap each other. At this time, comparing the rotor positions in steps 2) and 3), it can be seen that the rotor position is further moved downward by 120- / Nr in the vertical direction of the figure.

Next, when the energization is switched from the 3 phase to the 1 phase, the process returns to step 1), and the same is repeated thereafter, and the rotor rotates with 1/3 of the rotor tooth pitch as 1 step. It should be noted here that in this case, the current is always a unidirectional current and not a positive / negative alternating current as in the case of two phases. Further, the rotor magnetic flux is always in its own phase stator magnetic path, that is, in-phase magnetic path system, which is different from the above-mentioned two-phase ring coil HB stepping motor. Normal 2
In the unipolar drive which is a one-way current drive in the phase HB, there are two coils, one for the N pole and the other for the S pole, so that the one-phase coil can alternate between the N pole and the S pole. Therefore, the amount of copper in the coil is halved and the torque is reduced. However, since the coil is used 100% in this method, the torque is not reduced even in the unipolar type.

Next, the drive circuit of the rotating electric machine of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6A is a circuit for supplying two-phase positive and negative currents in a two-phase bipolar drive circuit, which can drive, for example, a two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. FIG. 6C shows a three-phase star connection bipolar drive circuit, which can drive, for example, the three-phase three-main pole HB type stepping motor shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. FIG. 6B is a drive circuit of the three-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention.
Compared with, the number of transistors is half, which is three, and the driving circuit is inexpensive. In addition, the unipolar type has a smaller current rise time and is suitable for high-speed rotation because the current flows in one direction compared to the bipolar type.

Even if the number of stator phases is 3 to 5, a ring coil HB type motor having a step angle of 72- / Nr is possible. Since the structural diagram and the operating principle are the same as those in the case of three phases, description thereof will be omitted. If the number of phases is odd, the number of transistors in the drive circuit can be small. When 4 phases are used, it is 1 which is twice that of FIG. 6A.
Six transistors are needed.

As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, when a current is passed through the ring coil, a current value capable of generating a coil flux substantially equal to the rotor flux must be passed as a command current to turn the flux on and off. As a result, the flow path of the rotor magnetic flux is controlled and completely turned off, and digital control is possible. However, at a value that does not reach the current value, the rotor magnetic flux is allowed to pass through at a certain ratio, the rotor magnetic flux can be controlled in an analog manner, and the rotor magnetic flux amount can be controlled in, for example, a sine wave shape. Even in the three-phase and five-phase machines, the rotor can be positioned between the first phase and the second phase by changing the current values of the first phase and the second phase, for example.

The thin iron plate suitable for the laminated structure of the stator in the rotating electric machine of the present invention is preferably a plate having a plate thickness of 0.5 to 0.35 because the value becomes equal to the minimum tooth width in view of the motor size and the required resolution.

As described above, the three-phase and five-phase ones have the characteristic that they are not affected by other phases such as mutual induction because they are independent magnetic flux paths in each phase. On the other hand, the phase distribution type shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B has a large mutual induction and is affected by other phases. On the other hand, the HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine of the present invention is
When the non-excited phase is used as a sensor for obtaining rotor information, mutual induction is not received, so rotor information can be obtained with high precision by induced voltage or the like.

[0050]

1) Since the stator does not have slots or polarization, the cost of the stator and the cost of the bobbin, which is an insulator, are low. Further, the bobbin winding coil structure makes the structure simple and inexpensive.

2) Since one phase and one coil are used, the two-phase type has two coils and the three-phase type has three coils, and the torque is larger than that of the conventional phase distribution type in the same motor size. In addition, unbalanced electromagnetic force does not occur.

3) Since the stator small teeth of each phase are in the same position in the circumferential direction, the alignment becomes easy.

4) Since the coil is a bobbin winding coil, the winding machine is simple and inexpensive, and the equipment investment is small. It is also suitable for small-scale production. In addition, multiple winding is possible and winding time is short.

5) Since the stator core is circular and completely symmetrical, a laminated structure of thin iron plates can be easily obtained, resulting in a high-performance and high-resolution motor.

6) In the conventional three-phase permanent magnet type stepping motor and brushless motor, an inverter is used and positive and negative alternating currents are required, so six transistors are required. The present invention has an inexpensive drive circuit configuration because it has three transistors.

7) Since the shape of the stator core changes when the number of phases of the stator is different, separate stator cores are required for two phases, three phases, five phases, etc. The required stator core becomes a common standardized component regardless of the number of phases.

8) Since the coil can be wound around the toroidal bobbin, the winding can be performed in an aligned manner, the coil space factor is improved and the torque can be increased as compared with the distributed structure coil. Further, although the embodiment of the present invention is an inner rotor type, it goes without saying that an outer rotor type is also applicable.

9) Since the stator is not provided with a partial brim, it is possible to stack silicon steel plates, reduce iron loss, and improve efficiency.

10) In the structure of the present invention, the stator is a constant-pitch tooth with a perfect number of teeth Nr without a slot for inserting a coil in the inner diameter portion, so that the step angle lock is lock = 90 in a two-phase machine. -/ Nr, P phase machine with 3 or more phases (P is the number of phases)
Then, since the lock becomes 360-/ (PlaNr), the degree of freedom is much improved as compared with the phase distribution structure. For example, Nr = 40
In the case of a two-phase machine with a phase distribution structure, the stator core has four main poles.
In the case of No. 8 and No. 8, an asymmetric shape occurs, which causes a problem in production, but there is no problem in the structure of the present invention, the core is a symmetric core, and the step angle is 2.25-. Similarly, it is 3 ° for a three-phase machine and 1.8 ° for a five-phase machine. Therefore, the stator core of the present invention has two
Since it can be used for 3 phase, 3 phase and 5 phase as it is, standardization of parts is promoted and capital investment for die cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a front view of a two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating machine of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a vertical sectional side view of the rotating machine shown in FIG. 1A.

FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle when applied to a two-phase stepping motor of the present invention.

FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram of the principle of rotation when applied to the two-phase stepping motor of the present invention.

FIG. 2C is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle when applied to the two-phase stepping motor of the present invention.

FIG. 2D is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle when applied to the two-phase stepping motor of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle when applied to a two-phase stepping motor of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a three-phase ring coil HB type stepping motor.

FIG. 4B is a vertical sectional side view of the motor shown in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle of the motor illustrated in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle of the motor illustrated in FIG. 4A.

5C is an explanatory diagram of a rotation principle of the motor illustrated in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 6A is a drive circuit diagram of the motor of the present invention.

FIG. 6B is a drive circuit diagram of the motor of the present invention.

FIG. 6C is a drive circuit diagram of the motor of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial explanatory diagram of a conventional ring coil type two-phase HB stepping motor.

FIG. 8A is a front view of a conventional 3-phase 3-main pole HB stepping motor.

8B is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the motor of FIG. 8A.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional 3-phase VR type stepping motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-1 Stator main pole 1-2 Stator main pole 1-3 Stator main pole 2 rotor 2-1 Magnetic material 2-2 Magnetic material 3 coils 4 External yoke 5 bracket 6 bracket 7 Permanent magnet 8 rotation axes 9 bearings 10 Tsuba 11 Stator main pole 12 Stator main pole 13 Stator main pole 14 Stator main pole 15 Stator main pole 16 Stator main pole 17 Spacer 21 rotor 22 rotor 23 rotor 24 rotor 31 ring coil 33 Stator coil

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A permanent magnet magnetized to have NS2 poles in the axial direction, first and second rotor elements sandwiching the permanent magnet and having Nr small teeth formed at equal pitches, and the first and second rotor elements. A rotatable HB-type rotor comprising third and fourth rotor elements having the same structure respectively arranged on the outer side of the rotor element in the axial direction,
A stator composed of first to fourth magnetic bodies having Nr small teeth formed facing the first to fourth rotor elements via an air gap, respectively, and the first and third magnetic elements. A formed by the body and the ring coil sandwiched by the body
A phase coil unit formed of a phase stator unit, the second and fourth magnetic bodies, and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies. The magnetic bodies of the A and B phase stator units are ring coils. Magnetically short circuit around the
The A phase stator unit is opposed to the N pole side of the rotor, the B phase stator unit is opposed to the S pole side of the rotor, and the magnetic flux of the N pole of the rotor is transferred from the A phase stator unit. A magnetic path for returning to the S pole of the rotor is formed via the invoking B-phase stator unit, and a current is passed through the ring coil, so that between the first and third magnetic bodies of the stator unit and A valve is provided between the second and fourth magnetic bodies to block and allow passage of the rotor magnetic flux, and the rotor magnetic flux passage is sequentially turned on and off to rotate the rotor. Phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. 2. The first, third magnetic body and second, fourth magnetic body small tooth positions of the stator are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and with respect to the small teeth of the third rotor element. The small teeth of the first rotor element are (180 / Nr) degrees in the rotation direction, and the small teeth of the second rotor element are (90 / Nr) degrees relative to the small teeth of the first rotor element. And the small teeth of the fourth rotor element with respect to the small teeth of the second rotor element (180 / N
2. The two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the two-phase HB permanent magnet type rotating coil machine is shifted by r) degrees. 3. The first and third rotor elements and the second and third rotor elements
The positions of the fourth rotor element small teeth are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the small teeth of the first stator magnetic body are rotated in the rotational direction (180 / Nr) with respect to the small teeth of the third stator magnetic body. )Every time,
The magnetic small teeth of the second stator unit are (90 / Nr) degrees relative to the small teeth of the first stator magnetic body, and
3. The two-phase HB according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic small teeth of the fourth stator unit are deviated by (180 / Nr) degrees from the magnetic small teeth of the stator unit of FIG. Permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. 4. An HB type rotor comprising a permanent magnet magnetized to have NS2 poles in the axial direction and first and second rotor elements sandwiching the permanent magnet and having Nr small teeth formed at equal pitches. Three
The rotors arranged in the axial direction of the set and the rotor elements of the three sets of HB type rotors are made to face each other through the air gaps, and first to sixth magnets having Nr small teeth are formed. A-phase stator unit formed by a stator composed of a body, the first and second magnetic bodies and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies, the third and fourth magnetic bodies and a ring sandwiched by the magnetic bodies. A phase B stator unit formed of a coil, a phase C stator unit formed of the fifth and sixth magnetic bodies and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies, and the A, B and C phases. Each two magnetic bodies of the stator unit are magnetically short-circuited at the circumference of the ring coil to magnetically insulate at least between two adjacent rotor sets or between adjacent stator units, Each phase stator unit The small teeth of the magnetic body of the rotor are made to face the small teeth of the rotor element which faces them, and the magnetic flux of the N pole of the rotor is called in from one magnetic body of the stator unit in each phase and the other magnetic body is A magnetic path for returning to the S pole of the rotor is formed, and a current in one direction (positive or negative) is caused to flow through each of the ring coils to form a valve for the rotor magnetic flux of each phase. A three-phase HB characterized in that the rotor is rotated by sequentially turning on and off the paths of the child magnetic flux.
Permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. 5. The first and second magnetic substance small tooth positions of each phase are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the first and second magnetic teeth of each phase are arranged.
Match the small tooth positions of the rotor element of
With respect to the small teeth of the first rotor element of the A phase, the small teeth of the first rotor element of the B phase are rotated (120 / Nr).
C. to the small teeth of the B-phase first rotor element
The three-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine according to claim 4, wherein the small teeth of the first rotor element of the phase are shifted by (120 / Nr) degrees. 6. An HB type rotor comprising an axially magnetized NS2 pole magnetized permanent magnet and first and second rotor elements sandwiching the permanent magnet and having Nr small teeth formed at equal pitches. 5
The rotors arranged in the axial direction of the set and the rotor elements of the five sets of HB type rotors are made to face each other via an air gap, and the first to tenth magnetic members having Nr small teeth are formed. A-phase stator unit formed by a stator composed of a body, the first and second magnetic bodies and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies, the third and fourth magnetic bodies and a ring sandwiched by the magnetic bodies. B-phase stator unit formed by a coil, C-phase stator unit formed by the fifth and sixth magnetic bodies and a ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies, and seventh and eighth magnetic bodies And a ring coil sandwiched by the D phase stator unit, and an E phase stator unit formed by the ninth and tenth magnetic bodies and the ring coil sandwiched by the magnetic bodies. A By magnetically shorting each two magnetic bodies of the B, C, D and E phase stator units at the circumference of the ring coil, at least either between the adjacent rotors or between the adjacent stator units is magnetized. Of the magnetic material of each of the stator units is made to face the small teeth of the rotor element which faces it, and the magnetic flux of the N pole of the rotor in each phase is applied to one of the stator units. By forming a magnetic path that draws in from one magnetic body and returns to the S pole of the rotor via the other magnetic body, and applying a unidirectional (positive or negative) current to each ring coil, A five-phase HB characterized in that a rotor magnetic flux valve is configured and the rotor magnetic flux passage is sequentially turned on and off to rotate the rotor.
Permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. 7. The first and second magnetic substance small teeth positions of each phase are made to coincide with each other in the circumferential direction, and the first and second magnetic phases of each phase are arranged.
Match the small tooth positions of the rotor element of
With respect to the small teeth of the first rotor element of the A phase, the small teeth of the first rotor element of the B phase are rotated (72 / Nr).
C. to the small teeth of the B-phase first rotor element
The small teeth of the first rotor element of the phase are (72 / Nr) degrees, and the first teeth of the D phase are smaller than the small teeth of the first rotor element of the C phase.
The small teeth of the rotor element of (72 / Nr) degrees, and the small teeth of the first rotor element of the E phase is (72 / Nr) with respect to the small teeth of the first rotor element of the D phase. The five-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine according to claim 6, wherein the five-phase HB permanent magnet type rotary coil electric machine is shifted. 8. The HB according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the rotor magnetic flux is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current flowing through the ring coil. Permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine. 9. At least one of the stator and the rotor is formed by laminating silicon steel plates having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less. Alternatively, the HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electric machine according to item 8. 10. The non-excited phase is used as a sensor for obtaining rotor information.
The HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine according to 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. 11. A bearing portion for rotatably supporting the rotor is provided, and a recess is provided in a side surface of the rotor element facing the bearing portion to accommodate the bearing portion. The two-phase HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotary electric machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 12. The axial tooth has a portion which is at least on one side or at the same position as the edge of the rotating tooth and the tooth of the rotating tooth, respectively. 8,
The HB permanent magnet type ring coil type rotating electrical machine according to 9, 10 or 11.