JP2003155902A - Valve device for power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a valve device which simplifies a connection between an additional fluid flow and a shut-off valve. SOLUTION: The present invention relates to the valve device 1, in particular for a power plant. A casing 1 contains a shut-off valve 3 for shutting off a fluid flow, a control valve 4 for controlling the fluid flow passing through a casing outlet 8, and a bypass valve 5 for controlling the fluid flow passing through a bypass 13. The bypass 13 branches off from a casing 2 between the shut-off valve 3 and the control valve 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve arrangement for controlling and interrupting fluid flow, in particular for power plants.

[0002]

2. Description of the Prior Art For many technical applications in which fluid flow must be controlled, valve devices of the type mentioned at the outset are used. This valve device comprises a control valve and a shutoff valve. In this case, the shutoff valve and the control valve are formed separately for safety reasons. The control valve serves to control or regulate the flow rate and / or pressure of the respective fluid stream in the normal operation of the respective application. In contrast, the shutoff valve acts to shut off fluid flow in an emergency. Such shut-off valves are generally designed as quick closing valves to allow the fluid flow to be stopped in the shortest possible time in an emergency. For certain applications, operating conditions may arise that require additional fluid flow that must be controlled in addition to or instead of the main fluid flow controlled by the control valve. This additional fluid flow must often come from a different location than the main fluid flow. The valve arrangement serves, for example, in the case of a power plant to control the steam flow supplied to the steam turbine. In normal operation, the control valve controls or regulates the steam supply to the high pressure side of the steam turbine. For certain operating conditions, for example short-term power increase of the steam turbine, it is necessary to supply additional steam in the intermediate stages of the steam turbine. This is done by means of an additional steam pipe. In this case, it is expedient if this additional steam line, together with the main steam line controlled by the control valve, can be shut off by a shut-off valve of the valve device in an emergency. For the purpose of achieving this, it is very costly to attach an additional steam pipe to the valve device.

[0003]

Therefore, the present invention is to take measures. The invention as claimed in the claims provides an improved embodiment for a valve device of the type mentioned at the outset, which simplifies in particular the connection of additional fluid flow and shut-off valves. Tackle the problem.

[0004]

This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. The subject matter of the dependent claims is an advantageous embodiment.

The invention is based on the idea that the valve device comprises a bypass valve in addition to the control valve and the shutoff valve. In this case, all three valves are housed in a common casing. The bypass valve then serves to control the (additional) fluid flow through the bypass. This bypass branches from the casing upstream of the control valve and downstream of the shutoff valve. Thereby, the shut-off valve shuts off both the fluid flow controlled by the control valve and the fluid flow controlled by the bypass valve in an emergency, since the shut-off valve is located upstream of both other valves. The integration of the bypass valve into a common casing reduces the installation costs required to achieve bypass flow. Furthermore, the material requirements and space requirements for the overall structure are reduced. Especially in the case of valve systems provided for power plants, where extremely large gas flow rates must be controlled, the compact construction of the proposed valve system works particularly well.

Other important features and advantages of the valve device according to the invention are apparent from the dependent claims, the drawings and the associated description of the drawings based on the drawings.

[0007]

The preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings. Next, this embodiment will be described in detail. In this case, the same reference numbers indicate identical or functionally identical or similar parts.

In FIG. 1, a valve device 1 according to the invention comprises a casing 2. A shutoff valve 3, a control valve 4 and a bypass valve 5 are integrated in this casing. The casing inlet 6 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) communicates with a location not shown in FIG. This annular chamber is arranged upstream of the shutoff valve 3. The casing inlet 6 is shown in dashed lines for the sake of clarity. A casing outlet 8 is arranged downstream of the control valve 4. This casing outlet can be connected to a fluid consumption device not shown in FIG. In FIGS. 1 and 2, another annular chamber 9 is formed in the casing 2 in the area of the control valve 4. The first inner chamber section 10 can communicate with the second inner chamber section 11 of the casing 2 via another annular chamber 9. Both inner chamber sections 10, 11
Are arranged upstream of the control valve 4 and downstream of the shutoff valve 3, respectively. The first inner chamber section 10 substantially forms the outlet area of the shut-off valve 3 and the second inner chamber section 11 substantially forms the inlet area of the bypass valve 5. Outlet 1 of bypass valve 5
A bypass pipe 13 extends from 2 (see also FIG. 3).

Since the inner chamber sections 10, 11 surround the control valve 4 via the annular chamber 9, the bypass valve 5 and the control valve 4 are provided.
In terms of flow technology, a parallel arrangement structure arises. Accordingly, the bypass fluidically branches between the control valve 4 and the shutoff valve 3. This is because the inlet region of the bypass valve 5 is arranged downstream of the shutoff valve 3 on the one hand and upstream of the control valve 4 on the other hand.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the valve device 1 according to the invention is of very compact design, in which case it forms an assembly unit which can be preassembled and fully connected to the respective fluid consuming device.

In the preferred embodiment, according to FIG. 3, the fluid consuming device can be formed by a turbine 14, in particular an air turbine. Such an air turbine 14 is, for example, a component of a gas storage power plant. This gas storage power plant is particularly suitable for use in so-called "compressed air energy storage systems" (CAES systems). The basic idea of this CAES system is to move the excess electric energy generated during the base load time by the conventional power plant that is continuously operated to the peak load time, thereby generating the energy. The consumption of resources can be reduced. It is the supply of air or other gas at a relatively high pressure to the store by cheap surplus energy for storage, and the removal of the air or gas from this reservoir to generate a relatively expensive current when needed. Can be achieved by. This means that energy is stored retrievably in the form of potential energy. For example, a mined coal mine or a salt mine is useful as the storage device. Since air is preferably used as the storage medium, it is also called an air storage power plant and the turbine for expanding the stored air is formed as an air turbine.

Such an air turbine 14 has a high pressure chamber 15 formed in an inner casing 16 thereof.
In this high-pressure chamber 15, the first pressure stage of the turbine 14 is generally arranged. The turbine 14 further includes a low pressure chamber 17 formed within the outer casing 18. This low pressure chamber is located after the last pressure stage of the turbine 14. The outer casing 18 generally surrounds the inner casing 16.

According to FIG. 3, the casing outlet 8 of the valve casing 2 connected to the turbine 14 communicates with the high pressure chamber 15. Therefore, the casing outlet 8 is connected to the inner casing 16. In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 3, two valve devices 1 are connected to the turbine 14.

At the bypass valve outlet 12, the bypass pipe 1
3 is connected to the casing 2. This bypass pipe 1
3 is guided by the outer casing 18 of the turbine and communicates with the low pressure chamber 17. To connect the bypass pipe 13 to the outer casing 18, the bypass pipe 13 is provided with a nozzle element 20 at its outlet end 19. The bypass fluid flow exits bypass pipe 13 through this nozzle element,
Enter the low pressure chamber 17.

A preferred embodiment of this nozzle element 20 is shown in FIG. 4, which in the illustrated embodiment consists of three parts 20a, 20b, 20c. The individual parts 20a, 20b, 20c are fixedly connected to each other by, for example, welded joints 21, 22. The nozzle element 20 comprises a flange 23. This flange is formed in a ring shape in the present embodiment, and is provided with a cylindrical sleeve 24 inside in the radial direction. The flange 23 and the sleeve 24 then form the first individual component 20a. The nozzle element 20 is connectable by a flange 23 to the target chamber casing, i.e. the outer casing 18 in FIG.
This target chamber casing contains the target chamber, ie the low pressure chamber 17 in FIG. The flange 23 is connected to the second individual component 20b via a sleeve 24.

The nozzle element 20 comprises an inflow nozzle 25. This inflow nozzle projects axially from the flange 23 so as to reach the respective target chamber, for example the low-pressure chamber 17, when the nozzle element 20 is fixed to the target chamber casing, ie the outer casing 18. . The inflow nozzle 25 comprises a nozzle body 26 forming a third individual component 20c. The nozzle body 26 is curved in the target chamber 17 and has a spherical shape, in the present embodiment, a hemispherical shape. The nozzle body 26 is provided with a number of spatially distributed outlets 27. A bypass flow can flow into the target chamber 17 from this outlet. The outlet 27 is preferably arranged and oriented as follows. That is, a relatively short injection flow occurs in the target chamber 17 and / or flow conditions that help mix the bypass flow and possibly the main flow remaining in the target chamber 17, and / or the target chamber casing 18
Are oriented and oriented to avoid undesired cooling or heating effects on the surface of the housing or any other components of the target chamber casing 18. To that end, exit 2
7 are oriented so as to extend in different directions.

Each outlet 27 is preferably oriented so that it extends substantially perpendicularly to the associated tangential plane 28. Only one tangential plane is shown in FIG. 4 by way of example. The tangential plane 28 defines the nozzle body 26 within the opening range of each outlet 27 in the target chamber 17.
Touches the outer surface of. In the preferred embodiment shown, all outlets 27 extend generally radially from a common center 29. If the nozzle body 26 is hemispherical, this center preferably coincides with the center of the hemisphere.

The inlet nozzle 25 includes a cylindrical tube 30 or is formed at the outlet end of the tube 30. The nozzle body 26 is welded to the axial end of the tube 30 on the outflow side. The tube 30 preferably has the same diameter as the diameter of the nozzle body 26 formed as a hemisphere. The tube 30 is arranged concentrically with the sleeve 24 of the flange 23. In this case, the outer diameter of the tube 30 and the inner diameter of the sleeve 24 are such that the space between the tube 30 and the sleeve 24 is in the radial direction between the cylindrical chamber 31
Are in harmony with each other as they are formed. In the tube 30,
A ring collar 32 is formed at a position away from the nozzle body 26. The sleeve 24 and thus the first individual component 20a are connected to the tube 30 via this ring collar. At that time, the cylindrical chamber 31 on the side opposite to the inflow nozzle 25
The axial end of the is closed by a ring collar 32. The tube 30 forms a second individual piece 20b of the nozzle element 20 with a ring collar 32 molded into it.

The cylindrical chamber 31 is open at the axial end near the inflow nozzle 25 and communicates with the target chamber 17.
With this structure, it is possible to compensate for the temperature difference between the target chamber casing 18 to which the flange 23 is connected and the bypass flow path including the pipe 30. Due to the selected shape, in particular the cylindrical chamber 31, the material expansion due to the heat generated thereby causes a small or controllable relatively small stress in the nozzle element 20.

In the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, the bypass pipe 13 is formed as a separate part connected to the casing 2 of the valve device 1, but in the case of the embodiment of FIG. ′ Is integrated in the casing 2. At that time, the bypass pipe 13 ′ is connected to the diffuser 34 of the control valve 4.
Formed by a radial gap 33 between the housing and the casing section 35. The diffuser 34 is the casing outlet 8
Or connected to the casing outlet 8. The casing section 35 surrounds the diffuser 34 and is provided with a flange 36, for example. The casing 2 can be fixed to the turbine 14 by this flange. By this structure, the bypass pipe 13 ′ surrounds the casing outlet 8 at least into the target chamber 17. The casing outlet 8 passes through the target chamber (see FIG. 3).

FIG. 3 shows a gap 33 between the diffuser 34 and the casing section 35. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the gap 33, like the cylindrical chamber 31 of FIG. 4, serves to reduce the temperature-induced stress in the casing 2. It is clear from FIG. 3 that the gap 33 communicates with the low pressure chamber 17 of the outer casing 18 at 37. Therefore, as in the case of the embodiment of FIG.
7 can be connected.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 is also very compact and allows the bypass of the control valve 4 to a predetermined target chamber.

In the preferred application, the bypass flow is, for example, for preheating the outer casing 18 and the inner casing 16 by means of a suitably metered bypass flow before the main flow is fed via the casing outlet 8 into the high-pressure chamber 15. Is available for. This preheating can reduce the thermal stress in the casings 16 and 18 of the turbine 14.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a valve device according to the present invention.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the valve device of FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II.

3 shows a preferred application of the valve device of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle element of the valve device of FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 valve device 2 casing 3 Shut-off valve 4 control valve 5 Bypass valve 6 Casing entrance 7 ring room 8 Casing outlet 9 ring room 10 First interior room section 11 Second inner room section 12 Bypass exit 13 Connected bypass pipe 13 'integrated bypass pipe 14 turbine 15 High-pressure chamber of turbine 14 16 Inner casing of turbine 14 17 Low pressure chamber of turbine 14 18 Outer casing of turbine 14 19 Outlet end of bypass pipe 13 20 nozzle elements 20a First individual part of nozzle element 20 20b Second individual part of the nozzle element 20 20c Third individual part of nozzle element 20 21 Welded seam 22 Welded seam 23 Flange 24 Sleeve of flange 23 25 Inflow nozzle 26 Nozzle body 27 Outlet 28 tangential plane 29 center 30 Inlet nozzle tube 31 cylindrical chamber 32 tube 30 ring collar 33 Gap 34 Diffuser of control valve 4 35 casing section 36 Flange of casing section 35 37 Connection between the gap 33 and the low pressure chamber 17

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Roger Padfield             British Sea V22 22 RS             Rugby, Norton Rise, 109 (72) Inventor Franz Zooter             Switzerland, Gobenstorf, Reichs             Trase, 29 F term (reference) 3H067 AA01 AA33 BB08 BB14 CC32                       DD02 DD12 EC22 FF17 GG06                       GG21

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A fluid which flows through a casing (2) in which a fluid can flow and which passes through a shut-off valve (3) for shutting off a fluid flow and a casing outlet (8) provided downstream of the shut-off valve. A control valve (4) for controlling the flow, and a bypass (1) branched from between the control valve (4) and the shutoff valve (3).
3; 13 ') and a bypass valve (5) for controlling the flow of fluid through it, in particular for a power plant. 2. The casing outlet (8) is a turbine (1).
4), especially in communication with the high pressure chamber (15) of the steam or air turbine, and by-pass (13; 1
3. Valve arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that 3 ') communicates with the intermediate pressure chamber or the low pressure chamber (17) of the turbine (14). 3. The casing outlet (8) has a high pressure chamber (15).
Connected to the inner casing (16) of the turbine (14) including the bypass (13; 13 ') and connected to the outer casing (18) of the turbine (14) including the low pressure chamber (17). The valve device according to claim 2, wherein: 4. The turbine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the turbine (14) is an air turbine of an air storage power plant.
The valve device described. 5. The valve device according to claim 1, wherein the bypass comprises a bypass pipe (13) connected to the casing (2). 6. A bypass pipe (13) has its outlet end (1).
Valve arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a nozzle element (20) in 9) and a bypass fluid flow exits from a bypass pipe (13) through said nozzle element and into a target chamber (17). . 7. The nozzle element (20) has a flange (23).
7. Valve apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the flange is connectable to a target chamber casing (18) containing a target chamber (17). 8. Valve arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the nozzle element (20) comprises an inflow nozzle (25) which reaches into the target chamber (17). 9. A spherical or hemispherical nozzle body (26) in which the inlet nozzle (25) is curved in the target chamber (17).
Valve device according to claim 8, characterized in that the nozzle body is provided with multiple outlets (27). 10. Valve arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the outlets (27) are arranged spatially distributed in the nozzle body (26). 11. Valve arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the outlets (27) extend in different directions. 12. The outlets (27) extend substantially radially from a common center (29), and / or each outlet (27) within the target chamber (17) is a respective outlet (27). Valve arrangement according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it extends substantially perpendicularly to a tangential plane (28) tangent to the nozzle body (26) in the opening region of the. 13. The flange (23) is formed as a ring and comprises a cylindrical sleeve (24) on the radially inner side, and an inlet nozzle (25) is formed at the outlet end of the cylindrical tube (30). A tubular or cylindrical tube (30), the tube (30) being concentrically arranged in the sleeve (24), the sleeve (24) being connected to the tube (30) at a distance from the target chamber (17). 13. A cylindrical chamber (31), which is connected and opens in the radial direction between the tube (30) and the sleeve (24) to the target chamber (17), is formed. The valve device according to one. 14. The sleeve (24) of the flange (23)
Valve arrangement according to claim 9 or 13, characterized in that the nozzle body (26) is welded to the pipe (30). 15. Valve arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the bypass comprises a bypass pipe (13 ') integrated in the casing (2). 16. The bypass pipe (13 ') surrounds the casing outlet (8).
The valve device described. 17. A diffuser (3) for a control valve (4), wherein a bypass pipe (13 ') leads to a casing outlet (8).
Casing section (3) including 4) and diffuser (34)
Valve device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that it is formed by a radial gap (33) between it and the (5).