JP2003148075A - Escape ladder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easy-to-handle escape ladder which allows a prescribed gap to be formed between the escape ladder itself and a wall in a state of firm fixation to the wall in use in an emergency, can be used in the same manner as a general-purpose ladder, and can be put into a reduced shape and housed in a state of being annexed to a wall surface while coming into contact with it, so as to be prevented from being a hindrance, in disuse. SOLUTION: A plurality of rungs 5 are arranged between left and right supports 2 and 3; a ladder body 1 is constituted by coupling both ends of the rungs 5 to both the supports 2 and 3 in a vertically turnable manner; one support 2 is coupled to the wall surface A via a derricking supporting rod 7 in a state of being freely moved to be brought into contact with/separated from the wall surface A; and a fixing means 10, which makes the ladder body 1 developed for the fixation of the other support 3, is provided between the other support 3 and the wall surface A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an evacuation hatch formed on the floor of a veranda or the like of a high-rise house to evacuate downstairs or upstairs in an emergency, or to install on the outer wall of a building to evacuate from each floor to the ground It concerns evacuation ladders used for riding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an evacuation hatch is provided on the floor of a veranda or the like of a high-rise house, and in the case of an emergency, it is possible to evacuate downstairs or upstairs so that it can be evacuated to the neighborhood. Often there are emergency steps on the walls of the, and rope ladders are prepared near the hatch.

[0003]

However, the emergency step provided on the wall surface corresponding to the evacuation hatch as described above is performed by bending a metal wire rod having an appropriate thickness into a U-shape. In many cases, the ends of the wire are fixed to the wall surface.For example, when you open the hatch and evacuate downstairs, the foot on the step slides sideways when you move from the hatch to the step below the hatch. In this case, the foot may easily come off the step, and children and women in particular may feel frightened and may be unable to move, and may be unable to take refuge, which is extremely difficult to use. . In addition, in the case of a rope ladder, the rope ladder sways when the weight is applied to transfer from the hatch to the rope ladder suspended below the hatch. It is difficult to use beyond the steps.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a predetermined gap between the wall surface and the wall surface when it is firmly fixed to the wall surface when it is used in an emergency, and it can be used like a general-purpose ladder. At the time of use, the form can be reduced and stored on the wall in the attached state, and the presence of the evacuation ladder does not interfere,
The purpose is to provide an evacuation ladder that is convenient to handle.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, an evacuation ladder according to the present invention comprises a pair of left and right columns that are parallel to each other, and a plurality of step bars that are installed between both columns. The end of each step is pivotally connected to the pillar in the vertical direction to form a ladder main body, and one pillar is connected to the wall surface via the undulating support rod so that it can move freely. It is characterized in that a fixing means is provided between the pillar and the wall surface to fix the pillar by expanding the ladder main body at a use position.

Here, the ladder body is made of metal such as aluminum alloy. Both struts of the ladder body are made of a U-shaped cross-section material, and both struts face each other with their concave opening sides facing each other. Then, the end portions of the respective cross rails are pivotally attached to the support columns so as to be rotatable only in the vertical direction with the pivots. When the ladder body is in the retracted position, both columns are joined so that the step rail fits in the recess, and the backs of both columns are attached to the wall. And to hold the ladder body in the retracted position,
Both stanchions are kept joined using suitable fasteners that can be easily removed, and the lower ends of both stanchions float above the floor when the ladder body is in the retracted position. Therefore, keep the ladder body in the retracted position by fitting an appropriate padding member between the bottom of one of the columns and the floor surface, and make sure that the ladder body is not inadvertently separated from the wall surface. .

According to the evacuation ladder of the present invention constructed as described above, when the evacuation ladder is used, both of the pillars that are in the storage position and that float above the floor are allowed to move freely. When operated, as the ladder body descends due to its weight, the undulating support rods lie down forward, the ladder body separates from the wall, and the lower end of one of the columns connecting the undulating support rods abuts the floor surface. Then, the ladder itself stops moving. Therefore,
When you remove the fasteners that fasten both columns in the joined state, the other column descends with its weight and expands to the side, and the lower end of the column comes into contact with the floor surface, and at the same time between the column and the wall surface. It is fixed by the fixing means provided. In this way, the ladder body is deployed to the use position, and both columns are fixed to the wall surface with their lower ends in contact with the floor surface. In addition, gaps are formed at predetermined intervals between the wall surfaces. Therefore, when climbing up and down the ladder main body, the toes of the feet hung on the crossing pedestal do not hit the wall surface. You can take evacuation action.

The fixing means is not particularly limited in terms of structure, but the fixing means includes a support member protruding from the wall surface.
It consists of a locking rod provided on the pillar, the ladder body expands at the use position, the pillar comes into contact with the support member, and the locking rod is locked to the support member to fix the pillar, the ladder body is used The prop is automatically fixed to the wall at the same time as it is deployed in position, which makes it convenient to use as an evacuation ladder.

Further, when the undulating support rod for connecting the wall and one of the columns and the fixing means provided between the wall and the other of the columns are respectively provided at positions close to the upper and lower ends of both columns, the ladder main body is constructed. When unfolding in the use position, the ladder body always descends parallel to the wall surface under the force of gravity, even if it does not require the help of a person from the outside to assist the unfolding. Since the lower ends of both of the columns are brought into contact with the floor surface and finally a predetermined gap is formed between the wall surfaces to be fixed in an upright posture, the emergency handling becomes more convenient.

A column on the side of the undulating support rod (one column)
On the other hand, when the other strut is lowered by its weight and spreads out to the side, the strut is fixed to the fixing means impulsively, or the lower end of the strut impulsively abuts on the floor surface. In order to avoid this, the base of the strip-shaped spring piece that exerts an upward spring force is fixed to the inner surface of the pillar below the specific step rail in the pillar on the side of the undulating support rod, and the tip of the spring piece is fixed to the spring. If a structure is adopted in which it is introduced from the end of the step rail into the step rail against the force and is urged to rotate upward, the other column will expand sideways with respect to the column on the side of the undulating support rod. Rotation of the cross rail is performed against the spring force biased upward by the strip-shaped spring piece, so smooth and safe deployment is achieved without shocking deployment, and the evacuation ladder is handled. Make it easier.

Further, the base of the undulating support rod is pivotally attached to a fixed support rod protruding from an attachment plate attached to the wall surface, and the lower end edge of the fixed support rod receives the undulating support rod in a horizontal position. When the receiving seat for restricting the rotation is projected, the undulating support rod is laid down in the forward direction, and the lower end of the pillar connected to the undulating support rod comes into contact with the floor surface. Since the undulating support rod is held at the turning end by being received by the receiving seat of the fixed support rod, the struts on the side of the undulating support rod can be fixed to the wall surface similarly to the other stanchion fixed by the fixing means between the wall surfaces. There is no wobbling and it is a fixed fixation that makes the ladder body easy to use.

Further, when the ladder main body is in the retracted position, a holding member that holds both the columns in the joined state between the opposing contact plates and holds the ladder main body in the retracted position is provided between the opposing contact plates. You can securely hold the ladder body in the retracted position with the hand that prevents both columns from coming out, and when you release the holding member, both columns will automatically move forward together on the facing backing plates. After being guided out, it can be deployed to the use position and fixed to the wall surface so that it can be used immediately, making it easier to handle the evacuation ladder in an emergency.

In the evacuation ladder according to the present invention, for example, the ladder main body can be installed in a connected manner on the outer wall surface of a building such as a high-rise house in units of each floor. In this case, if you arrange multiple ladder bodies in units of each floor in series, and connect the columns to each other by attaching the connecting tools to the abutting ends of the up and down columns in a detachable manner, When evacuating, if you release the holding of the ladder body corresponding to the uppermost floor held in the storage member by the holding member, all ladders corresponding to each lower floor connected to the ladder body corresponding to this uppermost floor will be released. The ladder itself can be deployed at the same time and you can safely evacuate to the ground from all floors including the top floor.

Further, when evacuating from each floor below the uppermost floor, the connecting tool for connecting the ladder main body corresponding to the floor with the abutting end portions of the upper and lower columns of the ladder main body corresponding to the upper floor is pulled out. , The ladder body in the connected state is divided in the middle, the ladder body corresponding to the upper floor remains as it is, and all the ladder bodies corresponding to the floors below the floor are simultaneously deployed simultaneously to the ground from each floor. You can evacuate safely.

Further, when the evacuation ladder according to the present invention is not used, that is, in a normal state, the undulating support rod is erected, both struts are joined to each other, and the rear surfaces of both struts are reduced. The evacuation ladder does not get in the way because it is attached to the wall and held in the storage position. Also,
In both of the columns that are in the jointed state at the retracted position, the pedestals are almost upright, and the spring piece with the tip portion introduced into the particular pedestal also adopts the extension form that releases the spring force. The spring force does not weaken, the performance does not change even if it is not used for a long period of time, and the stability is excellent.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a ladder body of an evacuation ladder according to the present invention is unfolded, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a retracted state of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention.

In each figure, the ladder body 1 is made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy, and the pair of left and right columns 2 and 3 of the ladder body 1 which are parallel to each other are made of a material having a U-shaped cross section.
The opening sides of the recesses 4 are made to face each other, and both columns 2,
A plurality of cross rails 5 are arranged at a constant interval between the three, and the end portions of the cross rails 5 are pivotally attached by pivots 6 so as to be rotatable only in the vertical direction.

The ladder main body 1 is arranged in parallel to the wall surface A (see FIG. 3), and the two columns of one side of the ladder main body 1 near the upper and lower ends are connected to the wall surface A through the undulating support rod 7. It is connected so that it can be moved in and out freely. In the embodiment, the base portion of the undulating support rod 7 is pivotally attached to the fixed support rod 7a protruding from the attachment plate 8 attached to the wall surface A by anchor bolts or the like with respect to the wall surface A. The tip end of 7 is connected to the side surface of the support column 2 by a pivot 9, and the undulating support rod 7
Rotates upward between a substantially upright position and a substantially horizontal position.

Between the other pillar 3 of the ladder main body 1 and the wall surface A, the fixing means 10 for fixing the two positions near the upper and lower ends of the pillar 3 to the wall surface A in a state where the ladder main body 1 is deployed at the use position.
Is provided. In the embodiment, as the fixing means 10, a supporting member 11 extending at a right angle from the wall surface A and having a locking recess 13 at the tip end thereof is provided upward, and a supporting member 11 corresponding to the locking recess 13 is provided at a side surface of the column 3 facing downward. An attachment plate 14 that is formed of a hook-shaped locking rod 12 and is attached to the wall surface A by an anchor bolt or the like is integrally formed at the base of the support member 11. Then, the ladder main body 1 is deployed at the use position, and the support column 3 abuts on the inner surface side of the support member 11, and in this state, the locking rod 12
Is locked in the locking recess 13 of the support member 11 to fix the column 3.

Further, in order to maintain the joined state of both the columns 2 and 3 when the columns 2 and 3 of the ladder body 1 are joined and the ladder body 1 is in the retracted position, both columns 2 and 3 are maintained.
A fastener 15 is provided across the bridge. In the embodiment, the fastener 15 includes a movable plate piece 16 provided on the front surface of the support column 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and a retainer piece 18 projecting from the front surface of the support column 2 so as to correspond to the movable plate piece 16. Both stanchions 2, 3
In the state where the movable plate piece 16 is joined, the movable plate piece 16 is laid down and the retaining piece 18 is inserted into the retaining hole 17 provided in the movable plate piece 16 so that both the columns 2 and 3 are maintained in the joined state. .

Next, the use of the evacuation ladder having the above construction will be described with reference to FIG.

In the evacuation ladder according to the present invention, when the ladder main body 1 is in the retracted state during normal times, as shown in FIG. It is attached to the wall surface, and the lower ends of both columns 2 and 3 float above the floor surface B. Therefore, in order to hold the ladder main body 1 at the retracted position, the ladder main body 1 is inadvertently expanded by fitting an appropriate padding member C between the lower end of the pillar 2 having a small amount of floating from the floor B and the floor B. Try not to.

In the event of an emergency using the evacuation ladder to evacuate, remove the padding member C between the lower end of the column 2 and the floor surface B, and the ladder body 1 descends with its weight. ,
Along with this descent, the up-and-down support rod 7 supporting the ladder body 1 is laid down forward, the ladder body 1 is separated from the wall surface A, and the lower end of the column 2 is brought into contact with the floor surface B, whereupon the movement of the ladder body 1 Is stopped, so when the fastener 15 that maintains the joined state of both columns 2 and 3 is removed, the column 3 in a floating state from the floor surface C
Is lowered by the weight and spreads out to the side, and when the outer surface of the support column 3 comes into contact with the inner surface side of the support member 11, the locking rod 12 is locked in the locking recess 13 of the support member 11, The column 3 is fixed as shown in FIG. In this way, both columns 2 and 3 are fixed to the wall surface A in the use position and can ascend / descend like a general-purpose ladder, so that evacuation action can be taken without feeling fear.

In the above-mentioned structure, the column 3 with respect to the column 2
When the fastener 15 for maintaining the joined state of both columns 2 and 3 is removed, the column 3 in a floating state descends from the floor surface C by its weight and deploys to the side. Finally, the outer surface of the support column 3 contacts the inner surface of the support member 11, the lower end of the support column 3 contacts the floor surface B, and the locking rod 1
There is a risk that the operation of engaging 2 with the engaging recess 13 of the support member 11 may be shocked. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the base portion of the strip-shaped spring piece 19 that exerts an upward spring force is fixed to the inner surface of the pillar below the specific step rail 5 in the pillar 2, and the spring piece is fixed. Adopting a configuration in which the tip end portion 19a of the above is introduced into the step rail 5 from the step edge end against the spring force and is urged to rotate upward, the column 3 deploys laterally with respect to the column 2. The downward rotation of the step 5 due to the
Since it is performed against the spring force that lifts the cross rail 5 upward by 9, the expansion of the support column 3 does not become a shocking expansion, and it takes a proper time to smoothly operate and realize a safe expansion,
Make the evacuation ladder easier to handle.

Further, in the above-mentioned structure, the up-and-down support rod 7 connecting the support 2 to the wall surface A so as to be movable in and out of contact with the wall 2 is upward with respect to the fixed support rod 7a when the ladder body 1 is in the retracted position. When the ladder main body 1 is deployed in a substantially upright position, it is in a substantially horizontal position. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the lower end edge of the fixed support rod 7a on which the base of the undulating support rod 7 is pivotally mounted. In addition, when a receiving seat 7b for receiving the undulating support rod 7 in a horizontal position and restricting the rotation is provided in a protruding manner, when the ladder main body 1 is deployed at the use position and the undulating support rod 7 falls down, this is fixed. The support rod 7 is received by the receiving seat 7b of the support rod 7a and stabilizes the undulating support rod 7 at the turning end point. Therefore, the column 2 is also fixed by the support member 11 extending directly from the attachment plate 14 attached to the wall surface A. As with the supporting column 3, Certainly interest has been fixed with the ease of use of the ladder body 1 was developed.

As another embodiment corresponding to the fastener 15 provided for maintaining the joined state of both the columns 2 and 3 when the ladder body 1 is in the retracted position in the above configuration, FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, when the ladder main body 1 is in the storage position, a holding member 20 is provided which holds both of the columns 2 and 3 between the facing plates 21 and 22 to hold the ladder main body 1 in the storage position. be able to. The holding member 20 of the embodiment is composed of a single plate body, and both of the columns 2 and 3 in the joined state are exactly on both sides of the attachment plate portion 23 attached to the wall surface A with anchor bolts or the like. The inner contact plate 21 and the outer contact plate 22 are bent at a right angle so as to face each other at an interval that can be accommodated. The height of the inner contact plate 21 is a pillar with both pillars 2 and 3 accommodated. The height is set to be approximately the same as the side surface, and the height of the outer contact plate 22 is set to the height that can be applied to the side surface of the corresponding column 2 when the ladder main body 1 is unfolded at the use position. Further, in a state where both of the columns 2 and 3 are accommodated, a through hole 24 is provided in the side surface of the outer contact plate 22 and the column 2 corresponding thereto, and the fixing pin 25 is inserted into the through hole 24 so that the ladder body 1 Is held in the storage position.

In this way, when the holding member 20 and the fixing pin 25 are combined, the development of the ladder main body 1 from the retracted position is as follows.
By simply pulling out the fixing pin 25, both of the columns 2 and 3 in the joined state descend together forward due to their weight and separate from the wall surface A, and the column 3 separates from the inner backing plate 21 (it has slipped out). By the way, the support column 3 is developed laterally, and similarly to the above, the outer surface of the support column 3 contacts the inner surface side of the support member 11, and the locking rod 12 is locked in the locking recess 13 of the support member 11 to support the support column 3.
Is fixed and used. At this time, the outer contact plate 22 of the holding member 20 is applied to the outer surface of the support column 2 in the use position to prevent lateral deflection of the support column 2.

If the holding member 20 is used to hold the ladder body 1 in the storage position, the evacuation ladder according to the present invention can be effectively installed on the outer wall surface of a building such as a high-rise house. You can In this case, a plurality of ladder main bodies 1 in units of each floor are arranged in series, and as shown in FIG. 8, the connecting tool 26 is attached / detached to / from the abutting end portions of the up and down columns (only one column 2 is required). Freely attach and connect the columns together. The connecting tool 26 of the embodiment has a pair of fixing pins 28 projecting parallel to the main body 27, and the pair of fixing pins 28 are provided at the abutting end portions of the up and down columns 2. The struts are connected to each other by being inserted into the holes 29 at the same time.

Then, only the ladder body 1 corresponding to the uppermost floor is held by the holding member 20 at the storage position. That is, the pad plate 22 on the outside of the holding member 20,
Corresponding to this, the fixing pin 25 is inserted into the through hole 24 provided on the side surface of the column 2 to hold the ladder body 1 at the retracted position, and the holding is attached to the ladder body 1 corresponding to each floor below the uppermost floor. Regarding the member 20, the ladder body 1 is not held by the fixing pin 25.

Thus, when evacuating from the top floor, the fixing pin 25 is pulled out from the holding member 20 and the holding of the ladder body 1 corresponding to the top floor to the holding member 20 is released.
All the ladder main bodies 1 corresponding to the lower floors connected to the ladder main body 1 corresponding to the uppermost floor can be simultaneously deployed and used at the same time. In this way, it is possible to safely evacuate to the ground from all floors, including the top floor.

When evacuating from each floor below the uppermost floor, a connecting tool 26 for connecting the ladder main body 1 corresponding to the floor to the abutting end portion of the pillar 2 of the ladder main body 1 corresponding to the upper floor. When removed, the ladder main body 1 in the connected state is divided in the middle, and all the ladder main bodies 1 corresponding to the floors below the floor can be unfolded and used at the same time. You can safely evacuate to the ground just from the ground.

Further, when the evacuation ladder according to the present invention is not used, that is, in a normal state, both pillars 2 and 3 are joined to each other to reduce the form, and the back surface of the pillar is attached to the wall surface A to store it. The evacuation ladder will not be an obstacle as it is kept in In addition, in both of the columns 2 and 3 in the joined state, the step rails 5 almost stand up.
The strip-shaped spring piece 19 having the tip portion introduced into a specific step rail also adopts an extension form in which the spring force is released, so that the spring force does not weaken with time and remains unused for a long period of time. However, there is no deterioration in performance and stable performance is demonstrated.

[0034]

The present invention is embodied in the form as described above. According to the present invention, when not used in normal times, the left and right columns are joined to reduce the form of the ladder body. The evacuation ladder does not get in the way because it is attached to the wall and held in a retracted state. In addition, when using the evacuation ladder in an emergency, anyone can easily operate it from the stowed position, the ladder body will automatically expand away from the wall surface, and a predetermined gap will be formed between it and the wall surface. Since it is fixed to the use position, even a child or a woman does not feel fear and has an excellent effect of being able to take a quick evacuation action.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a ladder body of an evacuation ladder according to the present invention is expanded.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a retracted state of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are schematic side views for explaining a usage state of the evacuation ladder.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which a ladder body of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention is expanded.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a retracted state of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another state of the ladder main body according to another embodiment of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention, in a developed state.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a retracted state of a ladder body showing another embodiment of the evacuation ladder according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a connecting portion between ladder bodies of an evacuation ladder according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ladder body 2 props 3 props 4 recess 5 steps 6 Axis 7 Undulating support rod 7a Fixed support rod 7b Horizontal seat 8 Mounting plate 9 Axis 10 Fixing means 11 Support member 12 locking rod 13 Locking recess 14 Mounting plate 15 fasteners 16 movable plate pieces 17 Fastening holes 18 clasp 19 strip-shaped spring pieces 19a Band-shaped spring piece tip 20 Holding member 21 Inner patch 22 Outer patch 23 Mounting plate 24 through holes 25 fixing pin 26 Connector 27 Body 28 fixing pin 29 through holes

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Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right columns that are parallel to each other and a plurality of step bars are installed between both columns, and end portions of the step bars are connected to both the columns so as to be vertically rotatable. A fixing means that constitutes a ladder main body, one pillar is connected to a wall surface via an undulating support rod so as to be movable in and out of contact with the wall surface, and the other pillar is fixed between the wall surfaces by expanding the ladder main body at a use position. An evacuation ladder characterized by the provision of a. 2. The fixing means comprises a support member projecting from a wall surface and a locking rod provided on the column corresponding to the support member, and the ladder body is deployed at a use position so that the column contacts the support member. The evacuation ladder according to claim 1, wherein the support rod is fixed to the support member by contacting the support rod with the support rod. 3. An undulating support rod for connecting the wall surface and one of the columns and a fixing means provided between the wall surface and the other column are respectively provided at positions near both upper and lower ends of both columns. The evacuation ladder described in 1 or 2. 4. A base portion of a strip-shaped spring piece that exerts an upward spring force is fixed to an inner surface of the pillar below a specific step rail in a pillar connected to a wall surface through an undulating support rod. 2. The evacuation ladder according to claim 1, wherein the tip end of the piece is introduced into the step rail from the end of the step rail against the spring force, and is biased to rotate upward. 5. A base of the undulating support rod is pivotally attached to a fixed support rod provided on a mounting plate attached to a wall surface, and rotation of the undulating support rod is restricted at a lower end edge of the fixed support rod. The evacuation ladder according to claim 1, wherein the receiving seat is horizontally projected. 6. The evacuation system according to claim 1, further comprising: a holding member that holds both of the columns between the facing plates when the ladder body is in the retracted position to retain the ladder body in the retracted position. Ladder. 7. The evacuation system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ladder bodies are arranged in series, and connecting tools are detachably attached to the abutting end portions of the up and down columns to connect the columns to each other. Ladder.