JP2003129074A - Production method for composite solid fuel and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the dose of a powdered desulfurization agent by removing a great part of sulfur content in coal powder by means of a dry coal preparation method and to make effective use of the powdered desulfurization agent by bringing a powdered plant-based polymer organic substance into contact with the powdered desulfurization agent and preventing the plant-based polymer organic substance from being coated with the powdered desulfurization agent. SOLUTION: At first, sulfur components contained in the coal powder 12 having water content of 2 to 15 wt.% are separated and removed by a dielectrics separation method as a dry coal preparation method. Then, after the powdered desulfurization agent 14 is added to the coal powder 12 at a rate of 1 to 2 weight equivalent to prepare a first mixture, 5 to 45 wt.% of the plant-based polymer organic substance 16 having a calorific value of 3,000 kcal/kg or greater and water content of 2 to 20 wt.% is added to the first mixture to prepare a second mixture 32, and then the second mixture 32 is compression-molded under a prescribed pressure to give a composite solid fuel 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite solid fuel obtained by compression molding a mixture of coal powder and a plant-based polymer organic material powder, and an apparatus for producing the composite solid fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a manufacturing method of this kind, fibrous biomass powders 15 to 45 are added to 100 parts by weight of coal powder containing 1.0% by weight (anhydrous groups) of combustible sulfur.
After high-pressure molding into a briquette, a mixture containing parts by weight and an appropriate amount (for example, 15 to 19% by weight) of slaked lime,
The weight ratio of the obtained granules is paraffin: A heavy oil =
A method for producing a molded fuel which is surface-treated with a solution in the range of 1: 9 to 5: 5 is disclosed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-68530).
issue). Molded fuel produced by this method is
It has excellent fuel properties as well as wood waste molding fuel, does not require heating at the time of mixing and molding raw materials, and can impart water resistance. In addition, the amount of sulfur oxides generated can be greatly reduced by blending biomass and slaked lime into coal powder, despite using high-sulfur coal.

On the other hand, a feeder screw is rotatably provided in a feeder that opens between a pair of rotating rolls, and an adjusting plate for adjusting the amount of bite of coal powder between the rolls is provided below the feeder in the axial direction of the rolls. There is disclosed a briquetting machine which is provided so as to extend to the inside (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI-1).
1-123598). In this briquetting machine, the bearing of one of the pair of rolls is supported by a hydraulic device, and one roll is retracted when the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure. In the briquetting machine configured in this way, by providing the adjusting plate in the compression region of the roll (lower part of the feeder), the coal powder that matches the volume of the briquette bites between the pair of rolls,
The briquette can be prevented from receiving an excessive compression force, and the briquette can be formed with the optimum compression force.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In the method for producing molded fuel disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 68530, coal powder, fibrous biomass powder, and slaked lime are mixed at the same time. Therefore, the coal powder and the slaked lime are in contact with each other and the slaked lime coats the coal powder. At the same time, the fibrous biomass powder and the slaked lime are in contact with each other and the slaked lime coats the fibrous biomass powder. As a result, the contact between the slaked lime, which is the desulfurizing agent powder, and the coal powder is reduced, and there is a problem that the slaked lime cannot be effectively used. Further, in the conventional briquetting machine disclosed in JP-A-11-123598, when the adjusting plate is worn, the adjusting plate is deformed due to the biting pressure of the coal powder. There is a problem that the briquette is hindered from being formed and that not only the feeder screw but also the feeder must be removed when the adjusting plate is replaced.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a composite solid fuel and an apparatus for producing the same, by which most of the sulfur content in the coal powder can be removed by the dry coal preparation method to reduce the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder added. To provide. The second object of the present invention is to
The desulfurizing agent powder can be effectively used by eliminating contact between the plant-based polymeric organic substance powder and the desulfurizing agent powder, and by eliminating the coating of the plant-based polymeric organic substance powder by the desulfurizing agent powder, and a method for producing a composite solid fuel To provide a manufacturing apparatus. A third object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a composite solid fuel and an apparatus for producing the same, which can effectively utilize industrial waste (corrugated paper, construction waste, etc.) made of plant fibers and the like as a binder for coal powder. Especially.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel, which does not hinder the molding of the composite solid fuel even if the pressure reducing screw is worn and can improve the workability when replacing the pressure reducing screw. To provide. A fifth object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel capable of continuously producing a high quality composite solid fuel by keeping the pushing pressure of the second mixture by the screw feeder always at an optimum value. is there. A sixth object of the present invention is that the air contained in the first or second mixture can be quickly discharged from the molding hopper, and the second mixture contained in the discharged air is collected to collect the second mixer. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel which can be returned to the above.

[0007]

The invention according to claim 1 is
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a step of separating and removing a sulfur content contained in the coal powder 12 having a moisture content of 2 to 15% by weight by a dielectric separation method which is a dry coal preparation method; Mixing the desulfurizing agent powder 14 in an amount of 1 to 2 weight equivalents of combustible sulfur contained in 12 to prepare a first mixture, and the first mixture having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more and a moisture content of 2 to 20. 16% by weight plant-based polymer organic substance powder
Of 5 to 45% by weight to prepare the second mixture 32, and a step of compression-molding the second mixture 32 at a predetermined pressure to produce the composite solid fuel 11. is there.

In the method for producing a composite solid fuel according to the present invention, the dry solidification method without water is used for the dielectric separation method, that is, the composite solid fuel is dried in an electric field produced at a high voltage and a weak current. By passing the coal powder 12, most of the sulfur content and ash contained in the coal powder 12 are separated and removed. After adding and mixing the desulfurizing agent powder 14 to the coal powder 12a from which most of the sulfur content and the ash content have been separated and removed,
The plant-based polymer organic material powder 16 which is fibrous is added and mixed. For this reason, first, the coal powder 12a and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 contact each other and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 coats the coal powder 12a with priority. Secondly, plant-based polymer organic powder 16 and desulfurizing agent powder 14
And the plant-based polymer organic material powder 16 is hardly coated with the desulfurizing agent powder 14. As a result, the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder 14 added can be reduced and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 can be effectively used. By prioritizing the contact of the coal powder 12a and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 and the coating of the coal powder 12a with the desulfurizing agent powder 14, the sulfur remaining in the coal powder 12a in the combustion process of the composite solid fuel 11 is given. Since the sulfur content reacts with the desulfurizing agent powder 14 and the sulfur content remains in the ash as gypsum, the generation of SOx can be reduced. The "1 weight equivalent" used for the mixing amount of the desulfurization agent powder 14 means the theory of the desulfurization agent powder capable of immobilizing the sulfur in the ash during combustion with respect to 1% by weight of combustible sulfur contained in coal. The amount of desulfurizing agent powder to be actually mixed is required to be 1 weight equivalent or more.

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the plant-based polymer organic substance powder is one selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry wastes, unused plants and vegetable fibers. Or the average particle size of 1 or more types of crushed industrial waste
It is characterized by being powder of 5 mm. In the method for producing a composite solid fuel according to claim 2, an agricultural and forestry waste, an industrial waste composed of unused plants or vegetable fibers (waste products such as corrugated paper and construction waste) is used as a binder for coal powder. Can be effectively used as.

In the invention according to claim 3, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sulfur component contained in the coal powder 12 having a moisture content of 2 to 15% by weight is separated and removed by a dielectric separation method which is a dry coal preparation method. A dry coal precipitator 13; a first mixer 21 for mixing the coal powder 12 with desulfurizing agent powder 14 in an amount of 1 to 2 equivalent weight of combustible sulfur contained in the coal powder 12; The second mixer 22 for preparing the second mixture 32 by mixing 5 to 45% by weight of the plant-based polymer organic powder 16 having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more and a moisture content of 2 to 20% by weight in one mixture 21. A molding hopper 17 that stores the second mixture 32, and a screw feeder 18 that is rotatably housed in the molding hopper 17 and that pumps the second mixture 32 in the molding hopper 17 below the molding hopper 17. Under the molding hopper 17 Large number of concave portions on the outer peripheral surface is disposed in two
And a pair of rolls 23 and 24 for forming the second mixture 32 compressed by the screw feeder 18 by rotating in opposite directions with the outer peripheral surfaces pressed against each other. It is an apparatus for producing complex solid fuel.

In the apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to the third aspect of the present invention, the dry coal precipitator 13 which does not use water is used to apply the dried coal powder 12 to the electric field generated by the high voltage and the weak current. Since it is passed, most of the sulfur content and ash contained in the coal powder 12 are separated and removed. The coal powder 12a from which most of the sulfur content and ash content have been separated and removed is
The desulfurizing agent powder 14 is added and mixed by the mixer 21, and the plant-based polymer organic material powder 16 which is fibrous is added and mixed by the second mixer 22 to the first mixture. For this reason, first, the coal powder 12a and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 contact each other and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 coats the coal powder 12a with priority. Secondly, the plant-based polymer organic substance powder 16 and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 are in contact with each other, and the plant-based polymer organic substance powder 1 is formed by the desulfurizing agent powder 14.
Almost no coating of 6 occurs. As a result, the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder 14 added can be reduced and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 can be effectively used.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 3, and further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a depressurization toward the pressure contact portion of the pair of rolls 23, 24 at the tip of the screw feeder 18. A screw 52 is provided so that the blade 52a of the decompression screw 52 is twisted in the direction of the screw feeder 1.
It is characterized in that it is formed in a direction opposite to the twisting direction of the blade 18a of No. In the apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to claim 4, the screw feeder 18 rotates in the molding hopper 17 to move the second mixture 32 to the pair of rolls 23,
Since the depressurizing screw 52 disperses and equalizes the pushing pressure acting on the second mixture 32 immediately below the screw feeder 18 when pushing between 24, the high-quality composite solid fuel 11 having a uniform density can be continuously manufactured. . Further, even if the decompression screw 52 is worn, the decompression screw 52 does not hinder the molding of the composite solid fuel 11, and when the decompression screw 52 is replaced, the decompression screw 52 only needs to be removed and replaced. Therefore, the replacement workability can be improved.

The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 3 or 4, further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the screw feeder 18 is driven by a feeder motor 51, and a pair of rolls 23 is provided. One of the pair of rotary shafts 23a, 24a supporting one of the rotary shafts 23a, 24a is pressed against the other rotary shaft 24a by a cylinder at a predetermined pressure, and the distance between the pair of rotary shafts 23a, 24a is a distance. The controller is configured to control the rotation speed of the feeder motor 51 based on the detection output of the distance sensor detected by the sensor. In the apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to the present invention, the distance sensor detects the axial distance between the pair of rotary shafts 23a and 24a, and the controller detects the distance between the shafts 23a and 24a. Rotational speed, ie screw feeder 1
Since the rotation speed of 8 is controlled, the screw feeder 18
Thus, the pushing pressure of the second mixture 32 can always be kept at an optimum value.

The invention according to claim 6 relates to claims 3 to 5.
The invention according to any one of the above, further as shown in FIG.
The second mixture 32 in the second mixer 22 is transported by the transporter and stored in the molding hopper 17, and the other end of the degassing pipe 53 whose one end is connected to the molding hopper 17 is the dust collector 56.
It is characterized in that the second mixture 32 is opened to the atmosphere via the, and the second mixture 32 collected by the dust collector 56 is returned to the second mixer 22. In the apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to the sixth aspect, the second molding is performed in the molding hopper 17.
Most of the air contained in the mixture 32 is the degassing pipe 5.
After passing through 3, the second mixture 32 contained in this air is collected by the dust collector 56 and then discharged to the atmosphere. Further, since the second mixture 32 collected by the dust collector 56 is returned to the second mixer 22, it is possible to prevent the yield of the second mixture 32 from being reduced.

The invention according to claim 7 is a composite solid fuel produced by the method according to claim 1 or 2, and the invention according to claim 8 is the device according to any one of claims 3 to 6. It is a manufactured solid fuel mixture. When the composite solid fuel according to claim 7 or 8 is burned,
The sulfur content remaining in the coal powder of this composite solid fuel reacts with the desulfurizing agent powder, and the sulfur content remains in the ash as gypsum, so that the generation of SOx can be reduced.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the apparatus for producing the composite solid fuel 11 includes a dry coal separator 13 for separating and removing impurities such as sulfur contained in the coal powder 12 by a dielectric separation method, and most of sulfur. A first mixer 21 for preparing the first mixture by mixing the desulfurizing agent powder 14 with the coal powder 12a (powder containing carbonaceous matter in a predetermined proportion or more described later) from which impurities such as the above are separated and removed, and the first mixture. A second mixer 22 for preparing the second mixture 32 by mixing the plant-based polymer organic powder 16, and a molding hopper 1 for storing the second mixture 32.
7, a screw feeder 18 rotatably housed in the molding hopper 17, and a pair of rolls 23, 24 arranged below the molding hopper 17. The coal powder 12 is a coal material in which carbonaceous matter (combustible component) and impurities (magnetic material, ash content, sulfur content, waste stone, pyrite, etc.) are mixed, and a magnetic material removing device 28, a drying device 26, a crushing device 27, and It is manufactured by passing through a sieve 29 in this order (FIG. 1). The water content of the coal powder 12 is 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight. The moisture content of the coal powder 12 is limited to 2 to 15% by weight because when it is less than 2% by weight, there is a problem that the drying cost increases and the yield due to scattering decreases. Is adhered to the device and the strength after molding is lowered.

In this embodiment, the coal powder 1 is also used.
The powder 12a containing a predetermined amount or more of carbonaceous matter (powder containing a large amount of carbonaceous matter) out of 2 is positively charged or not charged at all, and the powder 12b (carbonaceous matter, sulfur content, waste Powder containing many impurities such as stones and pyrite)
Shall be negatively charged. By the sieve 29,
In this embodiment, the coal powder 12 having a particle size of 2.0 to 0.1 mm and the coal powder 12 having a particle size of 0.1 or less are classified. Here, the lower limit of the particle size of the coal powder 12 is set to 0.
The reason for limiting the particle size to 1 mm is to prevent dust explosion (explosion due to dust from coal). The upper limit of the particle size of the coal powder 12 is limited to 2.0 mm because the particle size of the composite solid fuel 11 Is the maximum particle size that can be solidified, and if it is larger than this particle size, a plurality of mineral substances are included in the particles of the coal raw material, and the coal preparation performance due to electrification deteriorates. By the screen, 2.000 to 1.000 mm,
1.000 to 0.500 mm, 0.500 to 0.250
mm, 0.250-0.125 mm and 0.125 mm
The coal powder 12 having a particle size in the range below may be classified into fine ranges.

The dry coal precipitator 13 stores a coal preparation hopper 33 for storing the coal powder 12 classified by the sieve 29 and having a predetermined particle size range, and a coal preparation 12 for conveying the coal powder 12 supplied from the coal preparation hopper 33. Feeder 34 and the coal powder 12 conveyed by the coal preparation feeder 34 is a powder 12a containing a carbonaceous matter in a predetermined ratio or more by a dielectric separation method.
And an electrostatic selector 36 for separating the powder 12b containing a carbonaceous matter of less than a predetermined ratio (FIG. 1). Hopper 3 for coal preparation
A heater 37 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conical portion of No. 3, and the charging promoting member 3 which receives a high-voltage pulse generated by a high-voltage pulse generator (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion of the coal picking hopper 33.
8 are provided. The heater 37 heats the coal powder 12 in the coal-cleaning hopper 33, so that the pyroelectric effect (the polarization of the polarized coal powder 12 becomes large because the polarized coal powder 12 of the coal powder 12 is increased. The phenomenon in which the electric charge on the surface of the polarized coal powder 12 becomes higher in the direction of canceling the polarization) appears, which is provided to facilitate the charging of the polarized coal powder 12. Further, the charging promoting member 38 can be charged by receiving a high-voltage pulse generated by a high-voltage pulse generator to irradiate the coal powder 12 in the coal hopper 33 with an electron or rob the coal powder 12 of an electron. It is provided to accelerate the charging of the coal powder 12. Note that the coal feeder 34 is a vibrating feeder in this embodiment.

The electrostatic selector 36 is a feeder 34 for coal preparation.
The rotatable drum-shaped first electrode 41 that receives the coal raw material 12 conveyed by the outer peripheral surface and the needle-shaped or linear second electrode 41 that is provided at a position separated from the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41 by a predetermined distance. And the electrode 42 (FIG. 1). The first electrode 41 is S
The second electrode 42 is formed of a steel material such as US304 and SS400 and grounded. The second electrode 42 is formed of SUS304, resin and the like and is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply 43. +8 to +20 is applied to the second electrode 42 by the direct current.
A high voltage in the range of kV is applied. Further, since the first electrode 41 is provided in the vicinity of the positive second electrode 42, electrons gather at the first electrode 41 and become a negative electrode.

Although not shown, the needle-shaped second electrode 42 has a large number of short wires made of SUS304, the base end of which is fixed to a resin plate, and the tips of the wires are projected toward the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41. It is suitable for coal preparation of coal powder having a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Although not shown, the linear second electrode is constructed by arranging a plurality of wires made of SUS304 at equal intervals between a pair of frames made of SUS304 extending at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the first electrode 41. Suitable for coal preparation of coal powder having a particle size in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mm. Therefore, it is preferable to use the needle-shaped second electrode and the linear second electrode in combination by classifying the particles into the above particle size range. Below the first electrode 41, the carbonaceous matter bucket 4 is provided.
4 is placed, and an impurity bucket 46 is placed next to the carbonaceous matter bucket 44 on the side deviated from the lower side of the first electrode 41. Reference numeral 47 in FIG. 1 is a brush for separating the coal raw material from the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41.

The desulfurizing agent powder 14 has an average particle size of 0.
One or more selected from the group consisting of slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), quick lime (CaO) and calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) having a size of 01 to 0.2 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.1 mm. Of powder is used. Of these three types of desulfurizing agent powders, a single type of highly pure powder is expensive, so it is common to use a mixture of the above three types of desulfurizing agent powders. As the desulfurizing agent powder used for producing the composite solid fuel 11, the use of the mixture of the above three kinds of desulfurizing agent powder has the following three characteristics, so that there is no problem as long as it is used in an appropriate mixing ratio. Absent. Slaked lime is effective in the reaction with inorganic sulfur (particularly pyrite), and has the highest desulfurization effect among the above three types of desulfurization agent powder used for producing the composite solid fuel 11. Since quick lime easily hydrates with water adhering to coal, it has a great effect of reducing the water adhering to coal. Calcium carbonate has good reactivity with organic sulfur.

The ratio of the desulfurization agent powder 14 to be added is at least the theoretically required amount of the desulfurization agent powder capable of fixing the sulfur in the ash during combustion with respect to the combustible sulfur contained in the coal powder, that is, 1 to 2 It is a weight equivalent, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 weight equivalent. The plant-based high molecular weight organic substance powder 16 has a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more, preferably 4000-4.
Industrial waste of 500 kcal / kg and having a moisture content of 2 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 10% by weight (one kind selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry waste, unused plants and vegetable fibers). Alternatively, two or more types of industrial waste) are used. For example, not only powders obtained by drying and crushing plants (wood waste materials such as sawdust and bark, bagasse (sugar cane meal), beet pulp, rice husks, rice straw, cottonseed oil meal meal, etc.), corrugated paper and construction waste materials Powders obtained by drying and crushing are mentioned.
The addition ratio of this plant-based high molecular organic powder 16 is 5 to 45% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% with respect to the second mixture 32.
% By weight, and the average particle size is 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm.

The average particle size of the desulfurizing agent powder 14 is 0.0
The range of 1 to 0.2 mm is limited, but if it is less than 0.01 mm, there is a problem that it scatters during mixing, and if it exceeds 0.2 mm, it causes poor molding of the composite solid fuel and a decrease in the desulfurization rate from coal powder. This is because there is a defect. Desulfurization agent powder 14
The addition amount of is limited to the range of 1 to 2 weight equivalents with respect to the combustible sulfur contained in the coal powder 12, if less than 1 weight equivalent, the desulfurization and sulfur immobilization reaction will not be completed and will be insufficient. This is because there is a problem that if the amount exceeds 2 weight equivalents, the ash content in the fuel increases and the cost also increases.

The calorific value of the plant-based macromolecular organic powder 16 is set to 3
Limited to 000 kcal / kg or more is 3000 kcal / kg
If it is less than the above range, it is difficult to perform self-sustaining combustion, so that it is not effective as an auxiliary combustion material. Also, plant-based polymer organic powder 16
The moisture content of 20% by weight is limited to 2 to 20% by weight because the drying cost increases if it is less than 2% by weight.
If it exceeds, the water content becomes excessive and the lower heating value decreases, and the strength after molding becomes insufficient. The addition amount of the plant-based high molecular weight organic powder 16 is limited to the range of 5 to 45% by weight because when it is less than 5% by weight, the strength after molding is insufficient and unburned components are excessive.
This is because if it exceeds 5% by weight, the strength after molding becomes insufficient and molding defects occur. Furthermore, the average particle size of the plant-based high molecular weight organic substance powder 16 is limited to the range of 1 to 5 mm, because if it is less than 1 mm, the equipment cost increases and the strength after molding is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5 mm, after molding This is because there is a problem that the strength of is insufficient.

On the other hand, the screw feeder 18 is driven by a feeder motor 51 (FIG. 1), and the molding hopper 1
The second mixture 32 in 7 is pumped below the molding hopper 17 (FIGS. 2 and 3). The pair of rolls 23 and 24 are supported by the pair of rotating shafts 23a and 24a, respectively. One rotation shaft 23a is one roll 23
Is a driven shaft that rotatably supports and is pressed against the other rotary shaft 24a with a predetermined pressure by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). The other rotary shaft 24a is a drive shaft rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) and driven by a roll motor (not shown), and the other roll 24 is fixed to the other rotary shaft 24a. .

A large number of recesses 23b and 24b are formed in alignment on the outer peripheral surfaces of the pair of rolls 23 and 24, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rolls 23 and 24 rotate in opposite directions while being pressed against each other. By doing so, the second mixture 32 pressure-fed by the screw feeder 18 is configured to be compression-molded. A pressure reducing screw 52 is provided at the tip (lower end) of the screw feeder 18 so as to face the pressure contact portion of the pair of rolls 23 and 24. The blade 52a of the decompression screw 52 has a twisting direction that is opposite to the twisting direction of the blade 18a of the screw feeder 18. Further, the distance between the pair of rotating shafts 23a and 24a is detected by a distance sensor (not shown). The detection output of this distance sensor is connected to the control input of a controller (not shown), and the control output of the controller is connected to the feeder motor 51.

Returning to FIG. 1, the first mixture is transferred from the first mixer 21 to the second mixer 22 by the carrier (not shown), and the second mixture 32 is transferred by the carrier (not shown). Two
It is conveyed from the mixer 22 to the molding hopper 17. Here, in the first and second mixers 21 and 22, or at the time of transfer from the mixer to the carrier, or at the time of transfer from the carrier to the mixer, the first and second mixtures are always included. Air is mixed in. One end of the degassing pipe 53 is connected to the upper end of the molding hopper 17, the other end of the degassing pipe 53 is connected to the suction port of the degassing blower 54, and the discharge port thereof is open to the atmosphere. Further, the degassing pipe 53 is provided with a dust collector 56,
The second mixture 32 collected by the dust collector 56 is transferred to the first transport path 6
1 to be returned to the second mixer 22 by the first carrier 71.

Further, a belt conveyor 57 is provided so that one end thereof is located below the pair of rolls 23 and 24, and a box-shaped powder separator 58 having an opening covered with a net 58a is provided at the other end of the belt conveyor 57. It is provided. The openings of the net 58a are formed to be smaller than the diameter of the composite solid fuel 11. The second mixture 32 stored in the powder separator 58 passes through the second conveying path 62 and is conveyed by the second conveyor 72 to the second mixer 22.
Configured to be returned to. Reference numerals 63 and 64 in FIG.
Is a hood that collects the floating second mixture 32, and these hoods 63 and 64 are connected to the degassing pipe 53. Further, reference numeral 55 in FIG. 1 is a damper provided for adjusting the flow rate of air passing through the degassing pipe 53. Further, reference numerals 81 and 82 in FIG. 1 are preliminary granulating devices for mixing a fine second mixture with a binder (waste sugar condensate, etc.) and granulating to a particle size of about 1 mm.

A method of manufacturing the composite solid fuel 11 using the apparatus thus configured will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 4, the coal powder treated / stored in the coal raw material treatment / storage process, the desulfurization agent powder stored in the desulfurization agent storage process, and the plant-based polymer organic substance treatment / storage
The plant-based polymer organic material powder treated and stored in the storage step and the coal powder collected in the dust collection / recycling step are supplied to the mixing / forming step, and in the mixing / forming step, the coal raw material and the desulfurizing agent are used. A mixed solid fuel (product) is manufactured by mixing and molding the powder and the plant-based polymer organic material powder.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, first, the magnetic material removing device 28 removes the magnetic material in the coal raw material in which the carbonaceous content and the impurities are mixed, and then it is dried by the drying device 26. The coal powder 12 having a particle size in the range of 2.0 to 0.1 mm is crushed by the crusher 27 and further sieved.
Then, the coal powder 12 of 0.1 mm or less is classified. Next, the coal powder 12 having a particle size in the range of 2.0 to 0.1 mm is supplied to the coal preparation hopper 33. At this time, the coal powders 12 rub against each other, and the coal powders 12 which are easily charged are charged positively or negatively depending on their polarities. In addition, the coal powder 12 having a diameter of 0.1 mm or less is used as a preliminary granulating device 81
After being granulated to a particle size of about 1 mm by the second mixer 2
2 is supplied.

Of the coal powder 12 supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41, the positively charged coal powder 12a (powder containing a carbonaceous matter of a predetermined ratio or more) is transferred to the first electrode 41 by the Coulomb force. While being attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41 (minus electrode), it moves to the lower end of the first electrode 41, is peeled off from the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41 by the brush 47, and is accommodated in the carbonaceous component bucket 44. Further, among the coal powder 12 supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41, the non-charged coal powder 12a (powder containing carbonaceous matter of a predetermined ratio or more) is discharged when it reaches the side surface of the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41. It is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41 by its own weight and is stored in the carbonaceous material bucket 44. Further, of the coal powder 12 supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41, the negatively charged coal powder 1
2b (powder containing carbonaceous matter of less than a predetermined ratio) is ejected by a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 41 by the Coulomb force with the second electrode 42 and is stored in the impurity bucket 46. Here, while the content of combustible sulfur in the coal powder 12 classified by the sieve 29 was 5 to 6% by weight, the content of sulfur in the coal powder 12a stored in the carbonaceous content bucket 44 was contained. The ratio is extremely low at 1 to 2% by weight, and most of the sulfur content in the coal powder 12 is removed by the dry coal precipitator 13 together with the ash content.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, plant-based polymer organic matter 16 (one or more kinds of industrial waste selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry wastes, unused plants and vegetable fibers)
After removing the magnetic substance therein by the magnetic substance removing device 16a, it is dried by the drying device 16b, pulverized by the pulverizing device 16c, and stored in the hopper 16d for organic matter.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, after the coal powder 12a stored in the carbonaceous material bucket 44 is supplied to the first mixer 21 together with the desulfurizing agent powder 14 to prepare the first mixture. Then, the first mixture is supplied to the second mixer 22 together with the plant-based polymer organic powder 16 to prepare the second mixture 32. Therefore, first, the coal powder 12a and the desulfurizing agent powder 14 are in contact with each other and the desulfurizing agent powder 14
Therefore, the coating of the coal powder 12a is prioritized. Secondly, the plant-based polymer organic substance powder 16 and the desulfurization agent powder 14 are rarely brought into contact with each other, and the plant-based polymer organic substance powder 16 is hardly coated with the desulfurization agent powder 14. As a result, the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder 14 added can be reduced, the desulfurizing agent powder 14 can be effectively used, and the quality of the fuel can be improved. In addition, as the plant-based polymer organic powder 16, one or more kinds of industrial wastes selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry wastes, unused plants and plant fibers (not only plants but also corrugated cardboard and construction waste materials) By using powders obtained by drying and crushing waste products such as), these powders can be effectively used as a binder for the coal powder 12a.

When the second mixture 32 is supplied to the molding hopper 17, the second mixture 32 is fed into the screw feeder 1.
8 is pressed between the pair of rolls 23 and 24 (see FIG. 2).
And FIG. 3). At this time, the decompression screw 52 disperses and equalizes the pushing pressure acting on the second mixture 32 immediately below the screw feeder 18, so that the high-quality composite solid fuel 11 having a uniform density can be manufactured. Forming hopper 17
The air contained in the second mixture 32 inside the degassing pipe 53
The second mixture 3 contained in this air through the dust collector 56.
2 is collected and then discharged into the atmosphere (FIGS. 1 and 7). As a result, most of the air contained in the second mixture 32 can be quickly discharged from the molding hopper 17,
This air is the second mixture 32 in the molding hopper 17.
The screw feeder 18 does not interfere with the pushing process.

On the other hand, although the powdery second mixture 32 is dropped along with the composite solid fuel 11 on the belt conveyor 57 which conveys the composite solid fuel 11, the powdery second mixture 32 floating in the vicinity of the belt conveyor 57. Is hood 6
From 3 through the third return pipe 73, it is collected by the dust collector 56 (FIG. 1). In addition, the composite solid fuel 1 on the belt conveyor 57
1 and the powdery second mixture 32 are supplied to the powder separator 58, and the powder separator 58 allows the powdery second mixture 3 to be supplied.
2 is separated from the composite solid fuel 11 and then returned to the second mixer 22 through the second transfer path 62 by the second transfer device 72. When the composite solid fuel 11 is further discharged from the powder separator 58, the powdery second mixture 32 adhering to the composite solid fuel 11 separates and floats, and passes from the hood 64 through the fourth return pipe 74. And is collected by the dust collector 56. The second mixture 32 collected by the dust collector 56 is the first carrier 7
1 passes through the first conveying path 61 and the preliminary granulating device 82
After being granulated to a particle size of about 1 mm by the second mixer 22
Returned to. As a result, it is possible to prevent the yield of the second mixture 32 from being reduced.

Further, the second mixture 32 is pushed between the pair of rolls 23, 24 by the rotation of the screw feeder 18.
The indentation pressure of (1) slightly changes depending on the difference in water content and particle size (FIGS. 2 and 3). That is, when the pushing pressure of the second mixture 32 in the molding hopper 17 changes, the load of the feeder motor 51 (FIG. 1) fluctuates and the pair of rotating shafts 23a, 24 supporting the pair of rolls 23, 24.
The inter-axis distance of a also changes (FIGS. 1 to 3). The controller controls the rotation speed of the feeder motor 51 based on the detection output of the distance sensor that detects the inter-axis distance. Specifically, when the pushing pressure of the second mixture 32 increases and the inter-axis distance increases, the controller lowers the pushing pressure by lowering the rotation speed of the feeder motor 51 to push the second mixture 32. When the pressure decreases and the distance between the shafts decreases, the pushing pressure is increased by increasing the rotation speed of the feeder motor 51. As a result, the pushing pressure of the second mixture 32 by the screw feeder 18 (FIGS. 2 and 3) can always be kept at an optimum value, so that the high quality composite solid fuel 11 can be continuously produced.

The vacuum screw 5 has been used for many years.
Even when the pressure reducing screw 52 is worn, the pressure reducing screw 52 does not hinder the molding of the composite solid fuel 11, and when the pressure reducing screw 52 is replaced, the pressure reducing screw 5
Since it suffices to remove 2 and replace it, the workability of replacement can be improved. Composite solid fuel 11 produced in this way
When the fuel is burned, the sulfur content remaining in the coal powder of the fuel 11 reacts with the desulfurizing agent powder, and the sulfur content remains in the ash as gypsum and the like, so that SOx generation can be efficiently reduced.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, the sulfur content contained in the dried coal powder is separated and removed by the dielectric separation method which is a dry coal preparation method, and the desulfurizing agent powder is mixed with this coal powder. After preparing the first mixture, the second mixture is prepared by mixing the first mixture with plant-based polymer organic material powder having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more, and further compressing the second mixture at a predetermined pressure. Since the composite solid fuel was formed by molding, most of the sulfur content contained in the coal powder is separated and removed by the dielectric separation method which is a dry carbonization method without using water. For this reason, first, the contact between the coal powder and the desulfurizing agent powder and the coating of the coal powder with the desulfurizing agent powder are prioritized. Secondly, the contact between the plant-based polymer organic substance powder and the desulfurizing agent powder and the coating of the plant-based polymer organic substance powder by the desulfurizing agent powder are almost eliminated. As a result, in the conventional method for producing molded fuel, a large amount of slaked lime (desulfurizing agent powder) of 15 to 19% by weight was added, whereas in the present invention, a small amount of desulfurizing agent powder of 3 to 6% by weight was added. Therefore, the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder added can be reduced, the desulfurizing agent powder can be effectively used, and the quality of the fuel can be improved. Further, as the plant-based polymer organic substance powder, if a powder obtained by pulverizing one or more kinds of industrial waste selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry wastes, unused plants and plant fibers is used, not only plants , Waste products such as corrugated paper and construction waste can be effectively used as a binder for coal powder.

Further, the sulfur content contained in the dried coal powder is separated and removed by a dry coal precipitator, and the desulfurizing agent powder is mixed with the coal powder by a first mixer to prepare a first mixture, and a second mixture is prepared.
A second mixture is prepared by mixing the second mixture with a plant-based polymer organic powder having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more to prepare a second mixture, and further feeding the second mixture between a pair of rolls with a screw feeder. When the composite solid fuel is configured to be compression-molded by the rolls, like the above, firstly, the contact between the coal powder and the desulfurizing agent powder and the coating of the coal powder with the desulfurizing agent powder are prioritized. Secondly, the contact between the plant-based polymer organic substance powder and the desulfurizing agent powder and the coating of the plant-based polymer organic substance powder by the desulfurizing agent powder are almost eliminated. As a result, the amount of the desulfurizing agent powder added can be reduced, the desulfurizing agent powder can be effectively used, and the quality of the fuel can be improved.

A pressure reducing screw facing the pressure contact portion of the pair of rolls is provided at the tip of a screw feeder rotatably housed in the molding hopper, and the direction of twist of the blade of this pressure reducing screw is twisted. If it is formed in the direction opposite to the direction, when the screw feeder rotates in the molding hopper and the second mixture is pushed between the pair of rolls, the decompression screw causes the second screw immediately below the screw feeder to move.
Since the pushing pressure acting on the mixture is dispersed and equalized, it is possible to produce a high-quality composite solid fuel having a uniform density.
On the other hand, even if the pressure reducing screw wears, it does not hinder the molding of the composite solid fuel, and when replacing the pressure reducing screw, it is only necessary to remove and replace the pressure reducing screw. Workability can be improved. If the distance between the pair of rotating shafts supporting the pair of rolls is detected by a distance sensor and the controller controls the rotation speed of the feeder motor based on the detection output of the distance sensor, the screw feeder Since the rotation speed of the second mixture is controlled, the pushing pressure of the second mixture can be always kept at an optimum value by the screw feeder. As a result, high quality composite solid fuel can be continuously produced.

The second mixture in the second mixer is transported by the transporter and stored in the molding hopper, and the other end of the degassing pipe whose one end is connected to the molding hopper is opened to the atmosphere through the dust collector. If the second mixture collected by the dust collector is returned to the second mixer, the air contained in the second mixture in the molding hopper passes through the deaeration pipe and is contained in this air by the dust collector. After the second mixture has been collected, it is discharged to the atmosphere. As a result, the air contained in the second mixture can be quickly discharged from the molding hopper, so that this air does not interfere with the step of pushing the second mixture in the molding hopper by the screw feeder, and the air is collected by the dust collector. Since the collected second mixture is returned to the second mixer, reduction in the yield of the second mixture can be prevented. Further, when burning the composite solid fuel produced by using the above method or the above apparatus,
The sulfur content remaining in the coal powder of this composite solid fuel reacts with the desulfurizing agent powder, and the sulfur content remains in the ash as gypsum, so that the generation of SOx can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A in FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the overall steps of the method for producing a composite solid fuel.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a coal raw material processing / storing step in the method for producing a composite solid fuel.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a treatment / storing step of a plant-based polymer organic material in the method for producing a composite solid fuel.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a mixing / molding step and a dust collecting / recycling step in the method for producing a composite solid fuel.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Composite solid fuel 12 coal powder 13 Dry type coal separator 14 Desulfurization agent powder 16 Plant-based polymer organic powder 17 Molding hopper 18 screw feeder 18a, 52a blades 21 First Mixer 22 Second mixer 23, 24 rolls 23a, 24a rotating shaft 23b, 24b recess 32 Second mixture 51 Feeder motor 52 Decompression screw 53 Degassing pipe 56 dust collector

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroshi Hoshino             Hokkaido, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Fushiko 7-3-3-20 (72) Inventor Minoru Morita             4-9-5 Nishino Nishino-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido (72) Inventor Toshihiko Maruyama             6-9-8 Minami, Atsubetsu, Atsubetsu-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido F term (reference) 4H015 AA10 AA12 AA25 AB01 AB03                       AB07 BA13 BB05 CA03 CB01

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A step of separating and removing a sulfur component contained in a coal powder (12) having a moisture content of 2 to 15% by weight by a dielectric separation method which is a dry coal preparation method; The desulfurizing agent powder (14) is mixed in an amount of 1 to 2 weight equivalents of the combustible sulfur contained in (12).
A step of preparing a mixture, and a plant-based polymer organic powder (16) having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more and a moisture content of 2 to 20% by weight in the first mixture (16)
5 to 45% by weight to prepare a second mixture (32), and a step of compression-molding the second mixture (32) at a predetermined pressure to produce a composite solid fuel (11). Manufacturing method of composite solid fuel. 2. An average particle size of 1 to 2 obtained by crushing one or more types of industrial wastes selected from the group consisting of agricultural and forestry wastes, unused plants and vegetable fibers, in which the plant-based polymer organic substance powder is 1 to 2.
The method for producing a composite solid fuel according to claim 1, which is a powder of 5 mm. 3. A dry coal precipitator (13) for separating and removing a sulfur content contained in a coal powder (12) having a moisture content of 2 to 15% by weight by a dielectric separation method which is a dry coal precipitating method, and the coal powder (12) ) Is mixed with 1 to 2 equivalent weight of desulfurizing agent powder (14) of the combustible sulfur contained in the coal powder (12).
A first mixer (21) for preparing a mixture, and a plant-based polymer organic substance powder (16) having a calorific value of 3000 kcal / kg or more and a water content of 2 to 20% by weight in the first mixture.
Second mixing machine (22) for preparing a second mixture (32) by mixing 5 to 45% by weight, a molding hopper (17) for storing the second mixture (32), and a molding hopper ( The second mixture (32) contained in the molding hopper (17) rotatably housed in the molding hopper (17)
And a screw feeder (18) for pressure-feeding below, and a number of recesses (23b, 24b) arranged on the outer peripheral surface arranged below the molding hopper (17) are aligned and the outer peripheral surfaces are pressed against each other. State, the second mixture (32) rotated in opposite directions and pressure-fed by the screw feeder (18)
And a pair of rolls (23, 24) for compressing and molding the composite solid fuel. 4. A pressure reducing screw (52) protruding toward the pressure contact portion of the pair of rolls (23, 24) is provided at the tip of the screw feeder (18), and the blade (52a) of the pressure reducing screw (52) is twisted in the twisting direction. 4. The apparatus for producing a mixed solid fuel according to claim 3, wherein the blade is formed in a direction opposite to the twisting direction of the blade (18a) of the screw feeder (18). 5. One of the pair of rotary shafts (23a, 24a) supporting the pair of rolls (23, 24), one rotary shaft (23a) is driven by the cylinder toward the other rotary shaft (24a) at a predetermined pressure. The distance between the shafts of the pair of rotary shafts (23a, 24a) is detected by a distance sensor, and the controller controls the rotation speed of the feeder motor (51) based on the detection output of the distance sensor. 5. The apparatus for producing a composite solid fuel according to claim 3 or 4, which is configured. 6. The second mixture (32) in the second mixer (22) is conveyed by a conveyor and stored in a molding hopper (17), and one end of the second mixture (32) is connected to the molding hopper (17). Degassing Pipe (53)
The other end is opened to the atmosphere through the dust collector (56), and the second mixture (32) collected by the dust collector (56) is used as the second mixture.
The composite solid fuel production apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, which is configured to be returned to the mixer (22). 7. A composite solid fuel produced by the method according to claim 1. 8. A composite solid fuel produced by the apparatus according to claim 3.