JP2003120175A - Slurry type shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the difficulty of stably holding a natural ground because of the difficult structure for absorbing the natural ground-side pressure fluctuation. SOLUTION: An air chamber 7 partitioned from a cutter chamber 4 by a partition wall 8 is provided on the body side of the cutter chamber 4, and an air inlet 12 for introducing air of a prescribed pressure from a shield body 2 side to form an air layer 39 is provided on the upper part of the air chamber 7. The cutter chamber 4 comprises a slurry feed pipe 5 for introducing slurry from the shield body 2 side and a slurry discharge pipe 6 provided on the lower part. The air chamber 7 comprises a chamber port 27 for introducing the slurry from the cutter chamber 4 to form a slurry layer 40, which is provided on the lower part. The lower part of the air chamber 7 is formed into an inclined surface inclined down toward the chamber port 27, so that a stable slurry discharge and the moderation of pressure fluctuation on working face side can be realized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a muddy water shield machine capable of stabilizing the muddy water pressure on the face side.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, shield excavators have been used as machines for excavating tunnels such as roads, subways, and water and sewer systems. Is increasing. When the excavated ground becomes deeper, the groundwater pressure becomes higher, and when an unstable soft layer exists in the excavated ground, the groundwater pressure may be easily changed, and the ground may collapse. Therefore, when excavating such a place, a mud-water shield excavator is used which excavates while applying mud pressure to the face of the face to prevent the ground from collapsing.

This muddy water type shield machine excavates while supplying muddy water of a predetermined pressure into the chamber of the cutter head from the shield body side while exerting muddy water pressure on the face of the face, and draining these to excavate the ground. It excavates while preventing mountain collapse and lost water. Therefore, stable control of the pressure on the face side is important to prevent the collapse of natural rocks and the loss of water.

However, when the valve is switched at the time of starting or stopping excavation, or when the mud pipe is blocked, the pressure on the face of the face becomes large, and it may be difficult to stabilize the pressure on the face of the face.
Further, such pressure fluctuation may occur due to fluctuation of groundwater pressure even during normal operation.

Therefore, as a conventional technique for absorbing and stabilizing such a pressure fluctuation, Japanese Patent No. 311738 has been proposed.
There is an invention described in JP-A-0. In this invention, the air pressure of the air layer enclosed in the pressure chamber formed in the rear part of the chamber is detected by the pressure sensor, and the muddy water is supplied into the chamber based on the difference between this pressure value and the air pressure setting value. The rotation speed of the mud pump is controlled to stabilize the pressure in the chamber (conventional example 1).

As another conventional technique, Japanese Patent Publication No.
There is an invention described in Japanese Patent No. 39932. In the present invention, a pressure chamber is formed at the rear of the chamber, and the opposing wall between the pressure chamber and the chamber is made of a flexible member,
This deformation of the opposite wall is trying to absorb the pressure fluctuation (conventional example 2).

[0007]

However, in the case of the prior art example 1, mud water is introduced into the pressure chamber formed in the rear portion of the chamber, the mud is discharged from the pressure chamber, and the air layer formed in the pressure chamber is used. Since it absorbs pressure fluctuations, the pressure in the chamber also constantly fluctuates due to the flow of mud discharged, making it difficult to constantly absorb pressure fluctuations, making it difficult to maintain stable pressure on the face side. There are cases.

When the wall of the chamber in which the excavated earth and sand are taken in is formed of a flexible member as in the case of the conventional example 2, the wall is always deformed while receiving the earth and sand pressure. It is difficult to stably absorb the pressure fluctuation and it is difficult to absorb the stable pressure fluctuation for a long period of time.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an air chamber separated from the cutter chamber by a partition wall on the shield body side of the cutter chamber formed at the rear of the cutter head. ,
An air supply port for introducing a predetermined pressure of air from the shield body side to form an air layer is provided in the upper part of the air chamber, and a mud pipe for introducing muddy water from the shield body side is provided in the cutter chamber, and the cutter is provided. A mud discharge pipe is provided in the lower part of the chamber, a chamber port for introducing muddy water from the cutter chamber to form a muddy water layer is provided in the lower part of the air chamber, and the lower part of the air chamber is directed downward toward the chamber port. It is formed on an inclined surface. In this way, an air chamber that communicates with the cutter chamber is provided separately from the cutter chamber, and the lower part of this air chamber is tilted downward toward the chamber opening, so that the mud in mud water introduced from the cutter chamber is stored in the air chamber. While making it hard to stay in
The sludge can be efficiently discharged from the cutter chamber, and the pressure fluctuation on the face of the face can be reduced by the compressibility of the air layer formed in the air chamber.

If a sludge pipe space is formed in the lower part of the air chamber and a chamber port is arranged at a position above the sludge pipe opening position on the side of the sludge pipe space of the cutter chamber, it is introduced into the air chamber. Since the mud is discharged from the lower part of the chamber opening, which is the entrance of the muddy water, it is possible to reduce the accumulation of mud and to perform stable mud discharge.

Further, a detector for detecting the surface of the muddy water in the air chamber is provided on the shield body side, and a controller for driving the muddy water pump so as to make the surface of the muddy water detected by the detector constant is provided. Since the rotation speed of the muddy water pump is controlled by detecting the pressure fluctuation depending on the muddy water level in the chamber, the pump control accuracy is improved and the face water pressure can be stabilized.

Further, if a cleaning pipe for cleaning the inclined surface of the lower part of the air chamber toward the chamber opening with cleaning water is provided in the lower part of the air chamber, even if mud remains in the lower part of the air chamber, Stable sludge can be discharged by washing the minute toward the chamber mouth.

If a low-friction material is provided on the inclined surface of the lower part of the air chamber, the mud component in the muddy water introduced into the air chamber will naturally flow to the chamber opening.
It can make it difficult for mud to stay in the air chamber.

Further, a stirring blade is provided on the chamber side of the cutter head, a sludge discharge pipe of the shield body is provided close to the swirling position of the stirring blade, and the chamber inner and outer peripheral portions of the shield body are directed toward the sludge discharge pipe. If it is formed on an inclined surface, the mud that is stirred in the chamber by the stirring blade will flow to the mud pipe along the inclined surface of the shield body in the chamber and will be discharged. Can be discharged to.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a front body of a muddy water shield machine showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB. It is a figure. FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing an example of pressure control in the present invention. It should be noted that in these drawings, the configurations of the swing motor, the swing gear, the center-folding jack, and the like are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cutter chamber 4 is provided between the cutter head 1 and the front body 3 of the shield body 2.
Are formed. A mud pipe 5 for supplying muddy water to the cutter chamber 4 from the side of the shield body 2 is provided on the upper part of the shield body 2, and a mud pipe 6 for discharging muddy water from the cutter chamber 4 is provided on the lower part of the shield body 2. There is.

An air chamber 7 is provided at the rear of the cutter chamber 4. The air chamber 7 is formed between a partition wall 8 provided at a rear portion of the cutter chamber 4 and a main body side partition wall 9 provided at a predetermined position of the front body 3, and between the partition walls 8 and 9. The front chamber outer ring 11 (see FIG. 2) formed by providing the peripheral wall 10 at a predetermined position in the radial direction serves as the air chamber 7. The main body side partition wall 9 forming the air chamber 7 has an air supply port 12 for supplying air into the air chamber 7.
And an exhaust port 13 for discharging the internal air is provided. It should be noted that the turning motor, the turning gear, and the like, which are not shown, are provided inside the peripheral wall 10.

Further, the main body side partition wall 9 is provided with a detector 14 for detecting the amount of muddy water in the air chamber 7. This detector 14 is used for the muddy water surface 1 in the air chamber 7.
5 is a water level meter capable of detecting pressure fluctuations on the face of the face due to changes in the muddy water surface 15. The muddy water surface 15 detected by the detector 14 is input to the control device 16, and the muddy water pump 18 is driven by the motor 17 to adjust the muddy water amount supplied to the cutter chamber 4 so that the muddy water surface has a predetermined pressure. To be done. The shaded portion shown in the figure is the muddy water (including excavated sediment) portion.

Further, a sludge discharge pipe space 19 is formed in the lower portion of the air chamber 7, and a sludge discharge pipe 6 having a tip on a partition wall 8 of the cutter chamber 4 passes through the sludge discharge pipe space 19. Is provided behind the shield body 2. In this example, the mud discharge pipe 6 is provided with two opening / closing valves 20.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sludge pipe space 19
Is provided so as to divide the lower portion of the front body outer ring 11 by a predetermined angle, and in this embodiment, the main sludge pipe 6 is provided at the center.
A, a space where the preliminary sludge discharge pipes 6B can be provided on both sides. The lower part of the air chamber 7 faces the partition wall 8 side by the inclined plates 21 provided on both sides of the sludge pipe space 19 and the bottom plate 22 inclined in the shield machine axial direction as shown in FIG. And is formed so as to incline downward.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cleaning pipe 23 is provided from the shield body 2 side toward the upper surface of the bottom plate 22, and the cleaning pipe 23 extends toward the upper surface of the inclined plate 21.
Is provided. By these washing pipes 23, the bottom plate 2
2 and the upper surfaces of the inclined plate 21 can be washed off with washing water.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a stirring blade 25 is provided on the chamber side of the cutter head 1.
A plurality of the stirring blades 25 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1, and the sludge discharge pipe 6 is provided so as to be close to the turning position of the stirring blades 25. On the other hand, an inclined member 26 that inclines toward the sludge discharge pipe 6 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 2 inside the cutter chamber 4.
The inclined member 26 forms an inclined surface inside the cutter chamber 4 in the front portion of the shield body 2. The slant member 26 makes it easier for the muddy water stirred by the stirring blade 25 to flow into the sludge discharge pipe 6. The partition 8 is provided with a cleaning pipe 24 for injecting cleaning water from the shield body 2 side toward the upper part of the inclined member 26, and when mud remains near the inclined member 26, the cleaning pipe 24 is provided. It can be washed by spraying wash water from.

As shown in FIG. 3, the air chamber 7
A chamber port 27, which serves as an inlet for the muddy water introduced into, is provided at a lower position of the partition wall 8. The chamber port 27 is provided at a position narrowed by the inclined plate 21 and the bottom plate 22 provided in the lower part of the air chamber 7. In this embodiment, the rectangular chamber openings 27 are provided in an oblique arrangement so that the corners are at the bottom. In this example, two are provided on each side.

Further, as described above, the inclined member 26 provided in the cutter chamber 4 of the shield body 2 is extended to the outer peripheral side of the chamber opening 27, so that the muddy water near the chamber opening 27 can be sufficiently stirred. I am trying to be seen.

Further, the preliminary sludge discharge pipe 6B is provided at a position close to the chamber mouth 27 thus provided, and the chamber mouth 27 is positioned above the opening position of the sludge discharge pipe 6 to thereby form a chamber. The mud component in the muddy water in the air chamber 7 can be effectively discharged from the vicinity of the mouth 27.

A fluororesin material, which is a low friction material, is provided on the surfaces of the inclined plate 21 and the bottom plate 22, so that the mud component in the mud water introduced into the air chamber 7 is directed to the chamber port 27 side. It is designed to be easy to gather. The low-friction material may be a coating and may have a structure in which mud easily slips and collects.

An example of pressure control in the air chamber 7 will be described below with reference to FIG. The same components as those shown in FIG. 1 will be described with the same reference numerals. As illustrated, an air pressure control system and a muddy water pressure control system are provided as a configuration for controlling the pressure in the air chamber 7 of the muddy water shield machine 28.

In the air pressure control system, the air pressurized by the compressor 29 is accumulated in the accumulator 30 and is supplied from the accumulator 30 to the air chamber 7 via the pressure reducing valve 31 and the air supply valve 32. The air in the air chamber 7 is exhausted via the exhaust valve 33. Further, the air pressure in the air chamber 7 is measured by the pressure sensor 34 and input to the control device 35,
A signal is sent from the control device 35 to the air supply valve 32 and the exhaust valve 33 so that the measured value becomes the pressure set value preset in the control device 35, and the pressure is controlled.

On the other hand, in the muddy water pressure control system, muddy water is supplied into the cutter chamber 4 by the mud feed pump 18 driven by the motor 17. Also, the cutter chamber 4
The sludge in the inside can be discharged to the tank 37 by the sludge pump 36. Also, the air chamber 7
A detector 14 (liquid level sensor) is provided in the vicinity of the muddy water surface 15, and the signal detected by the detector 14 is input to the control device 16 to set the liquid level preset in the control device 16. A signal is sent to the motor 17 so that the value becomes a value, and the muddy water pressure in the cutter chamber 4 is adjusted.

According to the muddy water shield machine 28 constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, muddy water is supplied into the cutter chamber 4 so that muddy water pressure is exerted on the face of the air chamber 7. Air is supplied to the upper part, face 3
With the pressure of 8 stabilized, the muddy water surface 1 which is the boundary between the air layer 39 above the air chamber 7 and the muddy water layer 40 below
The pressure is balanced so that 5 is located substantially in the axial center position in the air chamber 7.

When the pressure on the face 38 changes during excavation or stop and the water level on the mud surface 15 changes, the water level is detected by the detector 14, and the mud surface 15 is almost at the axial center position. The mud water is sent and discharged to return, and the face 3
The pressure of 8 is controlled to be stable.

The mud content of the muddy water introduced into the air chamber 7 slides along the bottom plate 22 and the inclined plate 21 provided in the lower part of the air chamber 7 to the chamber opening 27, and from this chamber opening 27. It falls into the cutter chamber 4 and is discharged from the sludge discharge pipe 6. Even if there is mud that does not fall from the chamber opening 27 into the cutter chamber 4 as described above, by spraying the cleaning water from the cleaning pipes 23 and 24, the bottom plate 22 and the inclined plate 21 are moved to the chamber opening 27 side. Since it can be washed, the mud can be discharged without staying in the air chamber 7. Therefore, even if the muddy water is introduced into the air chamber 7 to form the air layer 39 on the upper portion,
The stable mud keeps the pressure on the face side.

The above-mentioned muddy water type shield machine 28 is used.
In the above, the sludge discharge pipe 6 is composed of the sludge discharge pipe 6A and the preliminary sludge discharge pipe 6B, but the number and structure of the sludge discharge pipes 6 are not limited to the above-mentioned structure.

Further, in the above embodiment, the preliminary sludge discharge pipe 6 is used.
By making the configurations of B, the detector 14, and the like bilaterally symmetrical, even if the function of one is lowered, the pressure on the face of the face can be stabilized by the other function.
These configurations are not limited to the bilaterally symmetrical structure.

Furthermore, the above-described embodiment is one embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

[0036]

The present invention is carried out in the form as described above and has the following effects.

An air chamber, which is divided by a cutter chamber and a partition wall and whose lower portion is inclined toward the chamber opening, efficiently discharges sludge from the cutter chamber, while the compressibility of the air in the air chamber causes a sharp pressure on the cutting face side. Since it is possible to reduce the fluctuation, it is possible to configure a muddy water shield machine that stably maintains the pressure on the face side.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a front portion of a muddy water shield machine showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow AA shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow BB shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing an example of pressure control in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cutter head 2 ... Shield body 3 ... front torso 4 ... Cutter chamber 5 ... Mud pipe 6 ... Sludging pipe 7 ... Air chamber 8 ... Partition 9 ... Main body side partition 10 ... Surrounding wall 11 ... Front outer ring 12 ... Air supply port 13 ... Exhaust port 14 ... Detector 15… Muddy water surface 16 ... Control device 17 ... Motor 18 ... Mud pump 19 ... Sludging pipe space 20 ... Open / close valve 21 ... Inclined plate 22 ... Bottom plate 23, 24 ... Washing pipe 25 ... Stirrer 26 ... Inclined member 27 ... Chamber opening 28 ... Muddy water shield machine 29 ... Compressor 30 ... Accumulator 31 ... Pressure reducing valve 32 ... Air supply valve 33 ... Exhaust valve 34 ... Pressure sensor 35 ... Control device 36 ... Sludge pump 37 ... Tank 38 ... Face side 39 ... Air layer 40 ... Mud layer

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Susumu Uchiyama             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory (72) Inventor Hirokazu Mayu             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory (72) Inventor Hirokichi Iwata             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory (72) Inventor Koichi Tanaami             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory (72) Inventor Toshiro Sakamoto             8th Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries             Harima factory (72) Inventor Toshiharu Tanaka             Kashima-ken, 1-3-8 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Established in Tokyo Branch (72) Inventor Hisaya Nakata             Kashima-ken, 1-3-8 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Established in Tokyo Branch (72) Inventor Tatsuo Furuya             Kashima-ken, 1-3-8 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Established in Tokyo Branch (72) Inventor Nobuhiko Obayashi             Kashima-ken, 1-3-8 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Established in Tokyo Branch F term (reference) 2D054 AC05 CA01 CA02 DA12 GA10                       GA63 GA65

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An air chamber separated from the cutter chamber by a partition is provided on the shield body side of a cutter chamber formed at the rear of the cutter head, and air of a predetermined pressure is introduced from the shield body side to the upper part of the air chamber. An air supply port for forming an air layer is provided, a mud pipe for introducing mud water from the shield body side is provided in the cutter chamber, a mud discharge pipe is provided under the cutter chamber, and a mud pipe is provided under the air chamber. A muddy water shield machine having a chamber opening for introducing muddy water from a cutter chamber to form a muddy water layer, and forming a lower portion of the air chamber on an inclined surface inclined downward toward the chamber opening. 2. A mud discharge pipe space is formed in a lower portion of the air chamber, and a chamber opening is arranged at a position above a mud discharge pipe opening position at a side portion of the cutter chamber of the mud discharge pipe space. The muddy water shield machine according to claim 1. 3. A shield body is provided with a detector for detecting the surface of the muddy water in the air chamber, and a controller for driving the muddy water pump so as to keep the surface of the muddy water detected by the detector constant. The muddy water shield machine according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The cleaning pipe for cleaning the inclined surface of the lower part of the air chamber toward the chamber opening with cleaning water is provided in the lower part of the air chamber. Muddy water shield machine. 5. The muddy water shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a low friction material is provided on the inclined surface of the lower portion of the air chamber. 6. A stirrer blade is provided on the chamber side of the cutter head, a sludge discharge pipe of the shield body is provided close to a swirl position of the stirrer blade, and a chamber inner and outer peripheral portion of the shield body is directed to the sludge discharge pipe. The muddy water shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the muddy water shield machine is formed on an inclined surface.