JP2003114587A - Toner image fixing method and toner for thermal fixing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a toner image thermal fixing method and toner used for the thermal fixing method for providing a high-quality image over a long term and preventing a defective image associated with the soiling of a fixing device even after fixation of many sheets of various transfer materials without spoiling fixing performance and offset resistance performance. SOLUTION: In this toner image fixing method, a pressure roller is formed of a foamed body, its surface is formed of a mold-released layer whose surface roughness Rz is 0.05 to 4.0 μm, and its hardness is 41 to 55 expressed by ASKER C. The melt viscosity of the toner measured by a flow tester is 1.0×10<3> to 1.0×10<6> Pa×S at any temperature within the temperature range of 110 to 140 deg.C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for heat-pressing and fixing a visible image formed by a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image used in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, magnetic recording and the like on a recording material. The present invention relates to a heat fixing toner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an electrophotographic method, US Pat. No. 2,297,691 and JP-B-42-23910 are known.
Publication (US Pat. No. 3,666,363) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-24748 (US Pat. No. 4,074)
Although a large number of methods are known, as described in No. 1,361), etc., a photoconductive substance is generally used and an electric latent image is formed on a photoconductor by various means. ,
Then, the latent image is developed with toner to form a visible image, and after the toner image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper, if necessary,
The toner image is fixed on the transfer material by heating, pressure or the like to obtain a copy. Conventionally, as a fixing device in such an image forming apparatus, a fixing roller type is generally widely used as a heating member.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a schematic structure showing an example of a fixing roller type fixing device. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a fixing roller (heating roller, heat roller) as a heating body, which has a halogen heater 3 and the like therein and is heated. 4 is below the fixing roller 1,
A pressure roller as a pressure member that is arranged in parallel with the fixing roller and is pressed against the lower surface of the fixing roller with a predetermined pressing force by a spring or the like.

A recording material (unfixed toner image) P having a toner image as a material to be heated is introduced into a pressure contact nip portion (N) formed between the fixing roller 1 and the pressure roller 4 and conveyed. By passing the heat, the heat of the fixing roller 1 as a heating element and the pressure of the roller pairs 1 and 4
The toner image on the recording material having the toner image is fixed on the surface of the recording material P as a fixed image by heating and pressing.

In recent years, there has been a demand for fixing a toner image at a low temperature for the purpose of energy saving and shortening of waiting time.
For example, JP-A-7-140708 and JP-A-7-1.
In the methods described in JP-A-81730 and JP-A-8-305080, although the maximum molecular weight of the resin used in the toner is stipulated for the molecular weight and the like, good fixing characteristics cannot be satisfied. Contamination of the fixing members such as the fixing roller and the pressure roller easily occurs, and it is difficult to use the fixing device for a long period of time.

In particular, a phenomenon called so-called offset in which a toner image sticks to the fixing roller tends to occur. Further, this phenomenon appears as a phenomenon in which the toner is transferred to the pressure roller and other members inside the fixing device, the contaminants are transferred to the transfer material to be fixed later, and the image is disturbed. Conventionally, in order to solve this offset phenomenon, as a proposal from a toner, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-23354 discloses a toner made of a vinyl polymer which is appropriately crosslinked by adding a crosslinking agent and a molecular weight modifier. Is proposed, Japanese Patent Publication Sho 55-6805
In the publication, the ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight of the α, β-unsaturated ethylene-based monomer as a constitutional unit is 3.5 to
A toner having a wide molecular weight distribution of 40 has been proposed.

Further, in vinyl polymers, Tg,
A blend type toner having a specified molecular weight, gel content and the like has been proposed. Although the toners proposed by these proposals have higher offset temperatures than toners made of a single resin having a narrow molecular weight distribution, their effect on durability is not sufficient. Furthermore, when offset measures are taken by these means, the amount of heat required for fixing increases dramatically, and it is necessary to raise the temperature of the fixing roller.Therefore, there are problems such as increased power consumption and internal temperature rise. there were.

Further, in terms of energy saving, various studies have been conducted in order to shorten the warm-up time of the fixing roller after turning on the power of the main body. However, it is also true that there are various problems. In order to reduce the warm-up time of the fixing roller, consider the material of the fixing roller, etc. 1) There is a problem of thermal deformation of the fixing roller, which deteriorates the fixability and anti-offset property. 2) The cooling degree of the fixing roller becomes noticeable during continuous paper feeding, which causes fixing. And deterioration of offset resistance still exist as major problems.

By the way, recently, the performance required of the image forming apparatus has been diversified. For example, in addition to images of characters, thin lines, and thick lines, excellent image quality is required for solid images and halftone images included in photographs and graphics. In these cases, it is necessary that the image is not deteriorated even in the fixing device, and further improvement in performance is required.

As a problem that occurs when these images are repeatedly output, there is the above-mentioned offset. This phenomenon remarkably appears especially in a graphic image having many halftones and solid portions. This is because the toner on the transfer material is not sufficiently melted or the melted toner is not sufficiently adhered to the transfer material. In order to solve this problem, application of a releasing oil to the surface of the fixing roller has been studied, but a satisfactory one has not been obtained yet.

In recent years, a wide variety of recording materials have been used. For example, in the present situation, the type of paper as a recording material is different not only in the difference in the basis weight, but also in the difference in the material, especially the difference in the amount and the amount of the filler contained. Among these recording materials, there are various kinds of recording materials such as those that are easily attached to the constituent members inside the fixing device, and those that are easily released. With conventional methods, it is difficult to avoid the adverse effects of these recording material-derived contaminants, and these recording material-derived contaminants and toner, which is the developer, are agglomerated and adhered to the fixing roller or pressure roller. However, when the recording material is peeled off from the recording material, the recording material is contaminated and the quality of copying / printing is impaired.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a high quality image for a long period of time and fix a large number of various transfer materials without impairing the fixing performance and the offset resistance performance. Also in the above, it is an object to propose a toner image heat fixing method which does not cause a defective image due to contamination of a fixing device and a toner used in the heat fixing method. Still another object is to provide a fixing method in which the warming-up time of the fixing roller can be shortened.

[0013]

The above object can be achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention provides a recording material having a toner image in a fixing device having a fixing roller having at least a heating unit and a pressure roller in pressure contact with the fixing roller, at a process speed of 50 to 250 mm /
In the method of fixing a toner, wherein the toner image is heated and fixed on the recording material, the pressure roller is formed of a foam, and the surface of the pressure roller is
It is formed from a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm, and the hardness of the pressure roller is 4 as Asker C.
1 to 55 ° and the flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 1.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C. A method for fixing a toner image is provided.

The present invention also provides the above-mentioned toner image fixing method, wherein the surface of the pressure roller is formed of a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.15 to 3.0 μm. The hardness of the toner image is 41 to 50 ° in Asker C, and the melt viscosity of the toner of the flow tester is 5.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 5 at any temperature in the range of 110 to 140 ° C. 0.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa
Provide a method of fixing the toner image described above that is S.

The present invention also provides the toner image fixing method, wherein the area ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 60 to 95%, more preferably 75 to 85%, and the binder resin for the toner. However, the toner image fixing method is a polyester resin, and the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass.
A method for fixing the toner image is provided in which the content is from 35 to 35% by mass.

Further, in the present invention, in the measurement of the molecular weight distribution of the toner by GPC, the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn is 10 to 2,000.
There is provided a method of fixing the toner image as described above, which is 0, more preferably 20 to 1,600.

Further, according to the present invention, a foam layer is formed from a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm and a hardness of 41 to 55 ° in Asker C.
A pressure roller and a fixing roller that is in pressure contact with the pressure roller and has at least a heating means.
In the toner used in the fixing method in which the toner image is heated and fixed on the recording material, the melt viscosity of the flow tester is 11 or more.
1.0x at any temperature in the 0 to 140 ° C range
Provided is a heat fixing toner characterized by having a viscosity of 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S.

Further, according to the present invention, the surface of the pressure roller is formed of a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.15 to 3.0 μm, and the heat fixing toner is foamed. The heat-fixing toner formed of a body and having a hardness of the Asker C of 41 to 50 ° by Asker C, and the melt viscosity of the flow tester of the toner is 11
5.0x at any temperature in the 0 to 140 ° C range
The above-mentioned heat fixing toner having a viscosity of 10 ^{3 to} 5.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa · S is provided.

According to the present invention, the heat fixing toner and the binder resin for the toner, wherein the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 60 to 95%, more preferably 75 to 85%. And a heat-fixing toner that is a polyester resin, and a heat-fixing toner that has a toluene insoluble content of 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 35% by mass.

Further, in the present invention, in the measurement of the molecular weight distribution of the toner by GPC, the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn is 10 to 2,000.
A heat fixing toner of 0, more preferably 20 to 1,600 is provided. According to the present invention as described above,
The warming-up time of the fixing roller can be shortened, at the same time, good image fixing property, good offset resistance can be obtained, and a high-quality image can be provided for a long period of time.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments. In the present invention, a recording material having a toner image is processed at a process speed of 50 to 2 in a fixing device having a fixing roller having at least a heating unit and a pressure roller in pressure contact with the fixing roller.
In the fixing method in which the toner image is heated and fixed on the recording material by passing it at 50 mm / sec, in the present invention, the surface of the pressure roller has a surface roughness Rz0.05.
The first feature is that the release layer is formed to have a thickness of 4.0 μm to 4.0 μm.

More preferably, the Rz is 0.15 μm.
When it is in the range of m to 3.0 μm, the balance between the frictional state of the paper (recording material) passing through the fixing device and the pressure roller and the balance of the pressure applied to the paper passing through the fixing device are further improved. The image quality after fixing is improved.

In the present invention, the pressure roller is made of foam, and the hardness of the pressure roller is 41 as Asker C.
The second characteristic is that the angle is between 55 ° and 55 °. More preferably, if the Asker C is in the range of 41 to 50 °, deterioration of the image quality after fixing can be suppressed and the image quality can be further improved.

In the present invention, the surface of the pressure roller is
There is no particular limitation on the method of forming the release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm and the method of setting the hardness of the pressure roller to 41 to 55 ° with Asker C. It suffices that the above conditions are achieved by a known method. For example, as a method of forming the surface of the pressure roller from a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm, the surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 is previously prepared.
Sheet-like PFA or P with the surface polished to μm
Examples include a method of covering the surface of the pressure roller with a material such as TFE.

As for the method of setting the hardness of the pressure roller to 41 to 55 ° with Asker C, a method of forming the pressure roller from a foam such as silicone rubber foam, fluororubber foam or melamine resin foam. Etc.

In the present invention, the melt viscosity of the toner used in the heat fixing method is 1.0 × 10 ³ at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C.
The third characteristic is that it is 1.0 to 10 ⁶ Pa · S. More preferably, if the flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 5.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 5.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C., offset can be effectively prevented. At the same time, the contact between the toner and the fixing roller can be further increased.

In the present invention, the method for adjusting the melt viscosity of the flow tester of the toner to 1.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C. For example, a polyester resin is used as the binder resin in the toner of the present invention, and the toluene insoluble content of the toner is adjusted, or the ratio of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn is measured in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC. It can be achieved by adjusting Mw / Mn. To achieve the melt viscosity of the flow tester in the above temperature range using a crosslinked polyester resin, controlling the kneading conditions during toner production is also an example of the method.

It is also a preferable example to mix the styrene resin with the polyester resin to achieve the flow tester viscosity in the above temperature range. In the present invention,
The toluene insoluble content of the toner is preferably 5 to 50 mass%, and the ratio Mw of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
When / Mn is in the range of 10 to 2,000, the viscosity and elasticity of the toner are well balanced, and good fixing property and offset resistance are well balanced, which is preferable.

More preferably, when the toluene insoluble content of the toner is in the range of 10 to 35% by mass, the balance between the viscosity and the elasticity of the toner can be further improved, and the fixing property and offset resistance can be further improved. You can balance your gender.

More preferably, when the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC is in the range of 20 to 1,600, the balance between the viscosity and the elasticity of the toner is obtained. Can be further improved, and a better balance between fixability and offset resistance can be achieved.

In the present invention, the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 5 to 50% by mass, and the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn is 10 to 2,000 in the measurement of the molecular weight distribution of the toner by GPC. The method is not particularly limited as long as it is achieved by a conventionally known method, and an example of the method is a method of controlling the kneading conditions during toner production.

The characteristics of the toner preferably used in the present invention and the method for achieving the same have been described above, but the method for achieving the same is not limited to the range described in the present invention.

In the present invention, the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is preferably 60 to 95%. In the present invention, the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is defined as follows. That is, in the present invention, in the cross-sectional view (FIG. 1) at the central portion of the fixing roller alone, the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is defined by the following formula (1). Area existence ratio of voids in cross section of fixing roller = {π (D / 2) ² / π (L / 2) ² } × 100 (1)

In the present invention, by setting the area existence ratio of the voids in the cross section of the fixing roller to 60 to 95%, it becomes possible to control the balance between the heating of the fixing roller by the fixing heater and the heat radiation from the fixing roller. As a result, the warming-up time of the fixing roller can be shortened, and at the same time, the fixing property during continuous sheet feeding can be improved. More preferably, when the area existence ratio of the voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is in the range of 75 to 85, the constitution is such that the warm-up time of the fixing roller is shortened and the temperature drop during continuous sheet feeding is further well balanced. can do.

In the present invention, the recording material having the toner image is passed at a process speed of 50 to 250 mm / sec through a fixing device having at least a fixing roller having a heating means and a pressure roller in pressure contact with the fixing roller. In a fixing method of heating and fixing a toner image on the recording material, α) a pressure roller is formed of foam, and the surface of the pressure roller is added as a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm. Asker C hardness of 41
To 55 °, and the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is specified to be 60 to 95%. Β) The flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 110 to 14
At any temperature within the temperature range of 0 ° C., 1.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S, the binder resin of the toner is a polyester resin, and the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 5
To 50% by mass, the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight M in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
The ratio Mw / Mn with n is 10 to 2,000,
It solves the conventional problems.

By adopting the constitution of the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem of the contamination of the recording material due to the contamination of the fixing roller and the pressure roller which occurs during the paper passing, and at the same time, the fine line reproducibility, the resolving power, the halftone image quality, It has become possible to obtain high-quality images with good separation nail marks for a long period of time. The reasons are: A) Heat and pressure are applied more uniformly on the recording material (unfixed image) having the toner image passing through the fixing device. B) The repulsive force of the toner with respect to the fixing roller is increased, and the sliding property of the toner with respect to the fixing roller is improved. In the present invention, the above phenomena A) and B) are expressed,
The toner on the recording material (unfixed image) having the toner image that has passed through the fixing roller adheres preferentially to the paper instead of the fixing roller. Also, when the toner is fixed on the paper, the toner It is speculated that this may be because the anchoring effect on the paper becomes more uniform.

In the present invention, a recording material having a toner image is passed at a process speed of 50 to 250 mm / sec through a fixing device having a fixing roller having at least a heating means and a pressure roller in pressure contact with the fixing roller. The fixing method is characterized by heating and fixing the toner image on the recording material. The configuration of α) and β) in the present invention has a process speed of 50 to 250 mm /
The effect of the present invention can be obtained when it is sec.

In the present invention, the polyester resin used as the binder resin of the toner is not particularly limited, and conventionally known polyester resins can be used. As the monomer constituting the polyester resin, the following publicly known substances can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As the alcohol component constituting the polyester resin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, diethylene glycol,
Dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol,
1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol diallyl ether, trimethylene glycol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, and the following formula (1) A bisphenol derivative represented by: (In the formula, R is an ethylene or propylene group, and x, y
Are each an integer of 1 or more, and the average value of x + y is 2 to 10. ) And other diols.

As the acid component constituting the polyester resin, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as fumaric acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid and itaconic acid or acid anhydrides thereof, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and azelaic acid are used. Dicarboxylic acids or their acid anhydrides, phthalic acid, etc.
Examples thereof include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid.

Examples of trihydric or higher alcohols include glycerin, sorbit, sorbitan, and the like, and trivalent or higher trivalent acids include trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and acid anhydrides thereof. The method for producing the polyester resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known production method is applied.

In the present invention, a styrene-acrylic resin may be mixed with a polyester resin as a binder resin for toner. In the present invention, the styrene-acrylic resin is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known styrene-acrylic resin can be used. As the monomer constituting the styrene-acrylic resin, the following conventionally known substances can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, styrene, o-methylstyrene,
m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-phenylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, pn-butylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, pn-hexylstyrene, p- n-octylstyrene, pn-nonylstyrene, pn-decylstyrene, pn-dodecylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 3,4-dichlorostyrene, m-nitrostyrene, o -Nitrostyrene, p-
Styrene derivatives such as nitrostyrene; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate,
Α-Methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as phenyl methacrylate; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, acrylic acid Acrylic esters such as 2-ethylhexyl, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate; acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivatives such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide; acrolein; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, croton Examples thereof include carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomers such as acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, maleic acid and their monoesters such as methyl, ethyl, butyl and 2-ethylhexyl. In the present invention, a combination of a styrene-based monomer, methacrylic or an acrylic-based monomer and a carboxyl group-containing monomer is preferable.

As the binder resin for the toner, in addition to styrene-acrylic resin, polyester resin,
Styrene-vinyl methyl ether copolymer, styrene-
Styrene-based copolymers of styrene and other vinyl-based monomers such as butadiene copolymers, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile-indene copolymers; polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate , Polyamide, epoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid, phenol resin, aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin, etc. can be mixed and used.

In the present invention, the toner may optionally contain a charge control agent, and a conventionally known charge control agent is used. Charge control agents known in the art today include the following. For example, organic metal complexes and chelate compounds are effective, and there are monoazo metal complexes, acetylacetone metal complexes, aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, and aromatic dicarboxylic acid metal complexes. Other examples include aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, aromatic mono- and polycarboxylic acids and their metal salts, anhydrides and esters; and phenol derivatives such as bisphenol.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use an organic metal compound as the charge control agent, and particularly, a compound containing an organic compound rich in vaporizability and sublimability as a ligand or a counter ion is useful. As such an organometallic compound, an azo metal complex compound is preferably used from the viewpoint of chargeability. As the azo metal complex compound, Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-
20153, 42-27596, 44
There are metal complexes of azo dyes described in JP-A-6397 and JP-A-45-26478. Especially dispersive
From the viewpoint of chargeability, the azo metal complex compound represented by the following general formula (2) is preferable, and among them, the azo metal complex compound having a central metal of iron is preferable. More preferably, an azo metal complex compound represented by the following general formula (3) is used.

[0047] [In the formula, M represents a coordination center metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Co, Ni, Mn, Fe, Ti and Al, and Ar represents a nitro group, a halogen group, a carboxyl group, an anilide group, carbon. An aryl group which may have a substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, X,
X ′, Y and Y ′ represent —O—, —CO—, —NH— or —NR— (R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms),
A ⁺ represents hydrogen, sodium ion, potassium ion, ammonium ion or aliphatic ammonium ion. ]

[0048] [Where X is₁And X₂Is a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, lower
An alkoxy group, a nitro group or a halogen atom, X₁
And X₂May be the same or different, m and
m'represents an integer of 1 to 3 and R₁And R₃Is a hydrogen atom,
C1-18 alkyl, alkenyl, sulfonami
De, mesyl, sulfonic acid, carboxyester, hydro
Xy, C1-18 alkoxy, acetylamino,
Nzoylamino group or halogen atom, R₁And R₃Is
They may be the same or different, and n and n'are 1
Indicates an integer from 3 to R₂And R_FourIs a hydrogen atom or a nitro group
Indicates A ⁺Is ammonium ion, hydrogen ion, nato
Lithium ion, potassium ion and their mixed ions
Represents a cation ion selected from the group consisting of
You ]

The content of the azo metal complex compound is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the toner binder resin. When the content of the azo metal complex compound in the toner is too large, the fluidity of the toner is deteriorated and fogging is likely to occur, while when it is too small, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient charge amount. Also,
The wax added to the toner of the present invention is added for the purpose of improving the offset resistance at the time of heat roll fixing and controlling the contact angle of the toner.

The wax used in the present invention includes the following. For example, low molecular weight polyethylene,
Aliphatic hydrocarbon waxes such as low molecular weight polypropylene, microcrystalline wax and paraffin wax can be mentioned. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon wax include a low molecular weight alkylene polymer obtained by radically polymerizing alkylene under high pressure or a Ziegler catalyst under low pressure, an alkylene polymer obtained by thermally decomposing a high molecular weight alkylene polymer, and monoxide. A wax such as a synthetic hydrocarbon obtained from a distillation residue of a hydrocarbon obtained by an Arge process from a synthetic gas consisting of carbon and hydrogen, or a synthetic hydrocarbon obtained by hydrogenating these can be used.

Further, it is possible to use the one in which the hydrocarbon wax is fractionated by the use of a press sweating method, a solvent method, vacuum distillation, or a fractional crystallization method. As an example of the aliphatic hydrocarbon wax, in the DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, regarding the endothermic peak at the time of temperature rise and the exothermic peak at the time of temperature decrease, the endothermic onset temperature is in the range of 50 to 110 ° C. And an aliphatic hydrocarbon wax having at least one endothermic peak in the temperature range of 70 to 130 ° C. and having a maximum exothermic peak at the time of cooling within the peak temperature of the endothermic peak ± 9 ° C. You can

The hydrocarbon as a base is synthesized by a reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen using a metal oxide catalyst (often two or more multi-component system), for example, the gintol method or the hydrocol method. (Using a fluidized catalyst bed) or the Arge method (using a fixed catalyst bed) that produces a large amount of waxy hydrocarbons, polymerizes hydrocarbons with carbon numbers up to several hundreds and alkylenes such as ethylene with a Ziegler catalyst. Hydrocarbons can be used. Further, a wax synthesized by a method that does not depend on the polymerization of alkylene can be used.

Further, as the wax used in the present invention, an oxide of an aliphatic hydrocarbon wax such as oxidized polyethylene wax, or a block copolymer thereof; a structure having an ester bond such as carnauba wax or montanic acid ester wax The waxes mentioned above and those obtained by deoxidizing a part or all of the esters such as deoxidized carnauba wax can be used.

Further, saturated straight chain fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid and montanic acid; unsaturated fatty acids such as blancidic acid, eleostearic acid and vinalinaric acid; stearyl alcohol, aralkyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, carnaubayl alcohol. Saturated alcohols such as ceryl alcohol and melissyl alcohol; polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol, fatty acid amides such as linoleic acid amide, oleic acid amide, and lauric acid amide, methylenebisstearic acid amide, ethylenebiscapric acid amide, ethylenebis Saturated fatty acid bisamides such as lauric acid amide and hexamethylene bisstearic acid amide; ethylene bis oleic acid amide, hexamethylene bis oleic acid amide, N, N'-dioleyl adipamic acid amide, N, N Unsaturated fatty acid amides such as'-dioleyl sebacic acid amide; aromatic bisamides such as m-xylene bisstearic acid amide, N, N'-distearylisophthalic acid amide; calcium stearate, calcium laurate, zinc stearate, stearin Fatty acid metal salts such as magnesium acid salt (generally called metal soap); graft waxes obtained by grafting aliphatic hydrocarbon wax with vinyl monomers such as styrene and acrylic acid; and fatty acid such as behenic acid monoglyceride Partial esterification products of a hydric alcohol; a methyl ester compound having a hydroxyl group obtained by hydrogenating vegetable oils and the like can be mentioned.

Further, examples of the wax-like substance used in the present invention include aliphatic alcohol wax and alkyl monocarboxylic acid wax. The aliphatic alcohol wax is represented by the following formula (A). CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _X CH ₂ OH (A) (X represents an average value and is 20 to 250) The alkyl monocarboxylic acid wax is represented by the following formula (B). CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _Y CH ₂ COOH (B) (Y represents an average value and is 20 to 250) The amount of the wax-like substance used in the present invention added to the binder resin is 0.1 to 2 per 100 parts by weight of resin
It is 0 part by mass.

The toner of the present invention may contain a magnetic material, and examples of the magnetic material include magnetite, ferrite, iron oxide and the like. Also iron,
Metals such as cobalt and nickel, or aluminum of these metals such as aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, magnesium, tin, zinc, antimony, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, manganese, selenium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium. You may use together magnetic materials, such as an alloy and its mixture. The magnetic material that can be contained has an average particle size of 0.1 to 2 μm, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 μm. The amount of the magnetic material to be contained in the toner is 100 parts by mass of the binder resin component. It is about 20 to 200 parts by mass.

Further, the colorant which may be used in the toner of the present invention includes any appropriate pigment or dye.
Toner colorants are well known, and examples of pigments include carbon black, aniline black, acetylene black, naphthol yellow, Hansa yellow, rhodamine lake, alizanine lake, red iron oxide, phthalocyanine blue, and indanthrene blue. These pigments can be used in an amount necessary and sufficient for maintaining the optical density of the fixed image, and can be 0. The addition amount is 1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass.

Further, a dye may be used for the same purpose. For example, there are azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, xanthene dyes, methine dyes, etc., and 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0.3 to 3 parts by mass is added to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. The quantity is good.

In the toner of the present invention, the charging stability,
In order to improve developability, fluidity and durability, it is preferable to add fine silica powder. The silica fine powder used in the present invention has a specific surface area of 3 due to nitrogen adsorption measured by the BET method.
Those in the range of 0 m ² / g or more (particularly 50 to 400 m ² / g) give good results. It is preferable to use 0.01 to 8 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of fine silica powder with respect to 100 parts by mass of the toner.

Further, the silica fine powder used in the present invention is, if necessary, a silicone varnish, various modified silicone varnishes, silicone oil, various modified silicone oils, silane coupling agents for the purpose of hydrophobizing, controlling chargeability and the like. , A silane coupling agent having a functional group,
It is also preferable that the treatment is carried out in combination with a treatment agent such as another organic silicon compound.

Further, other additives include, for example, Teflon (registered trademark), zinc stearate, polyvinylidene fluoride, and other lubricants, or cerium oxide, silicon carbide, strontium titanate, and other abrasives, among which strontium titanate. Is preferred. Alternatively, for example, titanium oxide,
A fluidity-imparting agent such as aluminum oxide, and especially a hydrophobic agent is preferable. A small amount of an anti-caking agent, or a conductivity-imparting agent such as carbon black, zinc oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, or white and black fine particles having opposite polarities can be used as a developing property improver.

The toner of the present invention can be mixed with a carrier and used as a two-component developer composed of the toner and the carrier. As the carrier, all known carriers can be used, for example, iron powder, ferrite powder, magnetic powder such as nickel powder, glass beads and the like, and the surface thereof is a fluorine resin, a vinyl resin or a silicone. Examples include those treated with a resin or the like.

To prepare the toner of the present invention, a binder resin, a pigment or dye as a colorant, a charge control agent, and other additives are thoroughly mixed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer or a ball mill. A heat roll, a kneader, an extruder is used to melt, knead and knead using a heat kneader such as an extruder to disperse or dissolve the pigments or dyes in the resin to make them compatible with each other, and then pulverize and classify after cooling and solidifying. Then, the toner according to the present invention can be obtained. Further, if necessary, desired additives can be sufficiently mixed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer to obtain the toner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view of an example of a fixing device applied to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an example of a fixing roller type fixing device. In the figure, 1 is a fixing roller (heating roller), which has a heater 3 inside and is heated. The pressure roller 4 is arranged below the fixing roller 1 in parallel with the fixing roller 1, and by a spring,
The pressure roller is a pressure member that is in pressure contact with the lower surface of the fixing roller 1 with a predetermined pressing force.

A recording material (unfixed toner image) P having a toner image as a material to be heated is introduced into a pressure contact nip portion N formed between the fixing roller 1 and the pressure roller 4 and conveyed therethrough. As a result, the toner image on the recording material P having the toner image is fixed on the surface of the recording material as a fixed image by heat and pressure by the heat of the fixing roller 1 as a heating body and the pressure of the roller pairs 1 and 4.

As an example of the fixing roller, the fixing roller has a cored bar made of aluminum, iron or the like, and the surface of the cored bar is covered with a releasing resin layer such as PFA or PTFE. There is. A halogen heater (heating body) is arranged inside the cylindrical core metal, and a voltage is applied to the halogen heater (heating body). The method for manufacturing the fixing roller is not particularly limited and can be manufactured by a conventionally known method.

On the other hand, a temperature detecting element for detecting the temperature of the fixing roller, for example, a thermistor is in contact with the fixing roller, and the thermistor is connected to the control means. The control means controls the electric power supplied to the halogen heater based on the output signal of the thermistor to maintain the temperature of the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller within a predetermined range.

On the other hand, a pressure roller is arranged below the fixing roller so that the fixing roller and the rotation axis are parallel to each other. In the pressure roller, a core metal such as stainless steel or iron, and an elastic layer covering the core metal are formed of foam such as silicone rubber or fluororubber excellent in heat resistance and releasability. The pressure roller is arranged so as to be in pressure contact with the fixing roller, and the surface layer thereof is formed of a material having excellent releasability like the fixing roller.

Further, the fixing device used in the present invention includes
If necessary, a member for cleaning the fixing roller and / or the pressure roller may be installed. The member for cleaning the fixing roller and / or the pressure roller is not particularly limited, and may be a cleaning member that achieves the purpose of removing toner and other contaminants on the fixing roller and / or the pressure roller. Therefore, any cleaning member can be used.

An example of a member for cleaning the fixing roller is a cleaning wave for contacting the fixing roller, and an example of a member for cleaning the pressure roller is a cleaning roller for contacting the pressure roller.

The surface roughness of the release layer forming the surface of the pressure roller according to the present invention, the hardness of the pressure roller, the flow tester of the toner, the toluene insoluble content of the toner, GPC.
The method for measuring the molecular weight distribution by is as follows.
The examples described below are also based on this method.

(1) Method for measuring the surface roughness of the release layer forming the surface of the pressure roller: Under normal conditions of normal temperature and normal humidity (23.5 ° C., 60%),
Using a surface roughness meter SE3500 manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory, a 2CR filter was used and measurement was performed under conditions of CUT OFF length of 0.08 mm, measurement length of 2.5 mm, and Drive Speed of 0.1 mm / sec.

(2) Method of measuring hardness of pressure roller Under normal conditions of normal temperature and normal humidity (23.5 ° C., 60%),
It was measured using an Asker C type rubber hardness meter manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd. When measuring hardness with an Asker C-type rubber hardness tester, load a 1 kg load on a hemispherical indenter with a diameter of 5.08 mm.
Then, it was pressed into a pressure roller and the hardness was measured.

(3) Method of measuring toner flow tester Using a flow tester CFT-500D manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, the pressure-molded sample was heated at a temperature rising rate of 10.0 ° C./min to obtain a diameter of 1 mm. The melt viscosity was measured by extruding from a nozzle having a length of 1 mm.

(4) Method of Measuring Toluene Insoluble Content of Toner 1 g of the toner is weighed and put in a cylindrical filter paper (for example, No. 86R size 28 × 100 mm: manufactured by Toyo Filter Paper Co., Ltd.) and put on a Soxhlet extractor. 200 ml of toluene as a solvent
Extract for about 20 hours. At this time, extraction is performed at a reflux rate such that the extraction cycle of toluene is once every about 4 to 5 minutes using an oil bath whose temperature is adjusted to about 160 ° C. After the extraction, the cylindrical filter paper is taken out, dried and vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 24 hours, and the cylindrical filter paper after the extraction is weighed to obtain the mass of toluene-insoluble matter in the toner. The toluene insoluble content of the toner is calculated from the following formula (2), where W ₁ g is the mass of the toner put in the cylindrical filter paper and W ₂ g is the toluene insoluble mass on the cylindrical filter paper after the extraction. Toluene insoluble content ratio of toner (mass%) = (W ₂ / W ₁ ) × 100 (2)

An example of a Soxhlet extraction device is shown in FIG. The toluene 2 contained in the container 1 is heated by the heater 8 and vaporized, and the vaporized toluene passes through the pipe 7 and the cooler 5
Be led to. The cooler 5 is constantly cooled by cooling water 6. Toluene cooled and liquefied by the cooler 5 accumulates in the reservoir having the cylindrical filter paper 3, and when the liquid level of toluene becomes higher than that of the middle pipe 4, the toluene is discharged from the reservoir to the container 1. The toner contained in the cylindrical filter paper 3 is extracted by circulating toluene. Then, the toluene-soluble component of the toner stays in the container 1.

(5) Method of measuring molecular weight distribution by GPC The molecular weight distribution by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) is measured under the following conditions. That is, the column is stabilized in a heat chamber at 40 ° C., and THF (tetrahydrofuran) as a solvent is flown through the column at this temperature at a flow rate of 1 ml / min.

In the above formula (2), toluene was evaporated to dryness from the toluene-soluble content of the toner obtained when the ratio of the toluene-insoluble content of the toner was measured, and then dissolved in THF and allowed to stand overnight. Filter with a 0.2 μm filter and use the filtrate as a sample. Sample concentration of 0.05 to 0.6
50 to 200 μl of a toluene sample solution of the toluene-soluble portion of the toner adjusted to mass% is injected and measurement is performed. In measuring the molecular weight of the sample, the molecular weight distribution of the sample was calculated from the relationship between the logarithmic value and the count number of the calibration curve prepared from several kinds of monodisperse polystyrene standard samples.

As a standard polystyrene sample for preparing a calibration curve, for example, a molecular weight of 6 × 10 ² , 2.1 × 10 ³ , 4 × manufactured by Pressure Chemical Co. or manufactured by Toyo Soda Kogyo Co., Ltd.
10 ³ , 1.75 × 10 ⁴ , 5.1 × 10 ⁴ , 1.1 × 1
0 ⁵ , 3.9 × 10 ⁵ , 8.6 × 10 ⁵ , 2 × 10 ⁶ , 4.
It is suitable to use a standard polystyrene sample of at least 10 points by using a sample of 48 × 10 ⁶ . An RI (refractive index) detector is used as the detector.

The column is 10 ^{3 to} 2 × 10 ^6.
It is better to combine multiple commercially available polystyrene gel columns in order to accurately measure the molecular weight range of, for example, Wa
ters μ-styragel 500, 10 ³ , 10 ⁴ , 10 ⁵
And the combination of Shodex KA-801 manufactured by Showa Denko,
A combination of 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807 is preferred.

[0081]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the examples of the present invention, 1) measurement of the warming-up time of the fixing roller 2) evaluation method of fixing property 3) evaluation method of offset resistance 4) occurrence of paper jam around the fixing device 5) paper passing (image) Contamination of the recording material due to contamination of the fixing roller and pressure roller due to exposure durability 6) Fine line reproducibility 7) Resolving power 8) Halftone image quality 9) Evaluation and measurement of nail mark measurement method for solid black images by the following procedure went.

1) Measurement of warming-up time of fixing roller After printing at room temperature and normal humidity (23.5 ° C., 60%) environmental conditions, the copying machine used for evaluation of durability was left overnight with the power outlet unplugged. , Immediately after turning on the power outlet, turn on the main switch of the main body of the copying machine used for the durability evaluation
Then, measure the time until the main body of the copying machine is ready for operation. The shorter the fixing roller warm-up time, the better the fixing roller warm-up time. The evaluation criteria of the warm-up time of the fixing roller are as shown in the following table.

[0083]

2) Evaluation Method of Fixing Property The fixing property is evaluated by the image forming durability evaluation by leaving the copying machine used for the image forming durability evaluation in a low temperature and low humidity environment (15 ° C., 10%) overnight. The copying machine and the fixing machine therein were completely adapted to the environment of low temperature and low humidity to continuously take 200 copied images, and the 200th copy image was used for the evaluation of fixing property. The image is fixed on the sillbon paper 5 times back and forth about 1 times.
Rubbing was carried out with a load of 00 g, and peeling of the image was evaluated by the reduction rate (%) of reflection density. Therefore, the larger the value of the reduction rate of the reflection density after rubbing (the reduction rate of the image density) is, the more the rate of peeling of the image due to the rubbing is, and the toner fixability is poor.

The evaluation criteria of fixing property are as shown in the following table.

3) Evaluation method of anti-offset property The anti-offset property is an evaluation standard as to whether the toner once taken in the cleaning wave during continuous copying is transferred to the fixing roller and contaminates the copy. And The evaluation method was as follows: In the low temperature and low humidity environment (15 ° C., 10%) of the copying machine used for the image development durability evaluation, 200 consecutive copy images were taken, and then the copy images were taken at 30 second intervals. Each sheet was taken for up to 3 minutes, and it was examined whether image contamination occurred. When image contamination occurred, the evaluation of offset resistance was rated as ×, and when image contamination did not occur, evaluation of offset resistance was rated as ○.

4) Occurrence of Paper Jam Around the Fixing Machine When there is a paper jam around the fixing machine during image output durability, it is determined that there is a paper jam around the fixing machine. When the paper jam did not occur in the paper, it was evaluated that the paper jam around the fixing machine did not occur.

5) Contamination of the recording material due to contamination of the fixing roller and the pressure roller due to paper passing (image output durability) After completion of image output durability, a solid white copy image is formed and a solid white copy is made. The stain adhering to the image (recording material) was measured as reflectance using a reflection densitometer TC-6MC manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku.

Solid white copy image (recording material) after passing through the fixing device
The absolute value of the difference between the reflectance of stains on the surface and the reflectance of the paper (recording material) passed through the copying machine and the paper of the same lot (recording material) is evaluated as the amount of image contamination on the white background of the recording material. did.

The greater the degree of contamination on the white background of the recording material, the greater the value of the difference in the above reflectance. Contamination of the recording material due to contamination of the fixing roller and the pressure roller due to paper passing (image output durability). The evaluation criteria are as shown in the following table.

[0091]

6) Fine line reproducibility Fine line reproducibility was measured by the following method after image formation and durability. That is, an image obtained by copying an original original of a fine line having a width of 100 μm accurately under proper copying conditions is used as a measurement sample, and a Luzex 450 particle analyzer is used as a measuring device. Take measurements.

At this time, since the line width measurement position has unevenness in the width direction of the toner fine line image, the average line width of the unevenness is taken as the measurement point. From this, the fine line reproducibility value (%)
Is calculated by the following equation (3). Here, the closer the fine line reproducibility value is to 100%,
Depending on the line width of the original, the copy image will be more faithful. Therefore, the closer the fine line reproducibility value is to 100%, the higher the image quality. The evaluation standard of fine line reproducibility was based on the absolute value of the value (%)-100 (%) of the fine line reproducibility of the copied image.

The evaluation criteria of fine line reproducibility are as shown in the following table.

7) Resolving power The resolving power of the copied image was evaluated by the following method after the end of image display durability. A pattern composed of five thin lines having the same line width and spacing, and 2.8, 3.2, 3.
6, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.6, 6.3, 7.
Create an original image that looks like there are 1, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0 lines.

The original document having these 12 types of line images was copied under appropriate copying conditions and observed with a magnifying glass, and the number of images in which fine lines were clearly separated (number of lines /
mm) was used for the evaluation method. Here, the larger the value of the number of images (lines / mm) in which fine lines are clearly separated is, the better the level of blurring of the line image of the copied image is, the higher the resolving power is, and the higher the image quality is. Is.

The evaluation criteria of resolution are as shown in the following table.

8) Halftone image quality Halftone image quality is A4, 0.3 after the end of image output.
About the image that copied a halftone full-face solid original,
Using a Macbeth reflection densitometer, the image density was arbitrarily measured at 10 points, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the obtained image density was used as the evaluation standard. The halftone image quality here means the halftone density uniformity of the halftone image obtained by copying. Poor halftone density uniformity (poor halftone image quality)
This means that the halftone image obtained by copying has unevenness in light and shade, and there are many variations in the density of the halftone image.

The evaluation criteria of the halftone image quality are as shown in the following table.

9) Method for measuring nail marks on a solid black image. Under normal conditions of normal temperature and normal humidity (23.5 ° C, 60%), images were printed and the copying machine used for durability evaluation was left overnight with the power outlet unplugged. Immediately after turning on the power outlet, turn on the main switch of the main body of the copying machine used for image development and durability evaluation.
Immediately after the main body becomes operable, five A3 solid black images are continuously taken and the length of the fixing nail mark generated at the leading end on the fifth A3 solid black image is measured. It is indicated that the longer the length of the fixing nail mark generated at the tip of the fifth A3 solid black image, the worse the nail mark level in the solid black image.

The evaluation criteria for the level of the nail mark on a solid black image are shown below.

Production Example of Pressure Roller <Production Example 1 of Pressure Roller> A silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 45 ° in Asker C was compression-molded on a stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion. After coating and polishing the surface, the surface was covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 2.7 μm to obtain a pressure roller 1 having an outer diameter of 30 mm in the central portion. The hardness of the pressure roller 1 was 45 ° with Asker C.

<Production Example 2 of Pressure Roller> A stainless rubber core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion was compression-molded with a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 45 ° Asker C, and the surface was polished. Surface roughness Rz 0.11μ
A sheet-shaped PFA release layer having a diameter of m was used to obtain a pressure roller 2 having an outer diameter of 30 mm at the center. Pressure roller 2
Had a hardness of 45 ° in Asker C.

<Production Example 3 of pressure roller> On a stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion, a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 45 ° in Asker C was compression-molded and coated, and the surface was polished. After that, the surface has a surface roughness Rz of 3.8 μm.
It is covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer that has an outer diameter of 3
A pressure roller 3 of 0 mm was obtained. The hardness of the pressure roller 3 was 45 ° with Asker C.

<Production Example 4 of Pressure Roller> A stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion was compression-molded with a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 53 ° Asker C, and the surface was polished. After that, the surface has a surface roughness Rz of 2.7 μm.
It is covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer that has an outer diameter of 3
A pressure roller 4 of 0 mm was obtained. The hardness of the pressure roller 4 was 53 ° with Asker C.

<Production Example 5 of Pressure Roller> A stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm at the center was compression-molded with a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 45 ° Asker C, and the surface was polished. Surface roughness Rz 0.03μ
m of the sheet-like PFA release layer was covered to obtain a pressure roller 5 having an outer diameter of 30 mm in the central portion. Pressure roller 5
Had a hardness of 45 ° in Asker C.

<Production Example 6 of Pressure Roller> On a stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion, a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 45 ° Asker C was compression-molded and coated, and the surface was polished. Surface roughness Rz 5.0 μm
It is covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer that has an outer diameter of 3
A pressure roller 6 of 0 mm was obtained. The hardness of the pressure roller 6 was 45 ° with Asker C.

<Production Example 7 of pressure roller> On a stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion, a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 35 ° in Asker C was compression-molded and coated, and the surface was polished. After that, the surface has a surface roughness Rz of 2.7 μm.
It is covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer that has an outer diameter of 3
A pressure roller 7 of 0 mm was obtained. The hardness of the pressure roller 7 was 35 ° with Asker C.

<Production Example 8 of Pressure Roller> On a stainless steel core having an outer diameter of 20 mm in the central portion, a silicone rubber foam having a hardness of 60 ° Asker C was compression-molded and coated, and the surface was polished. After that, the surface has a surface roughness Rz of 2.7 μm.
It is covered with a sheet-like PFA release layer that has an outer diameter of 3
A pressure roller 8 of 0 mm was obtained. The hardness of the pressure roller 8 was 60 ° with Asker C.

The following is a list of manufacturing examples of the pressure roller according to the present invention.

<Production Example 1 of fixing roller> 100 parts by mass of PTFE and 5 parts of colloidal silica were placed on an aluminum cored bar having an outer diameter of 39.95 mm in the central part and an inner diameter of 36 mm in the central part.
Parts by mass were applied with a spray gun, and baked and cooled in a furnace having an atmosphere of about 380 ° C. After that, polish the surface,
The outer diameter of the central portion is 40.0 mm, the inner diameter of the central portion is 36 mm, and the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 8
A fixing roller 1 of 1.0% was obtained.

<Production Example 2 of fixing roller> 100 parts by mass of PTFE and 5 parts of colloidal silica were placed on an aluminum cored bar having an outer diameter of 39.95 mm in the central part and an inner diameter of 34 mm in the central part.
Parts by mass were applied with a spray gun, and baked and cooled in a furnace having an atmosphere of about 380 ° C. After that, polish the surface,
The outer diameter of the central portion is 40.0 mm, the inner diameter of the central portion is 34 mm, and the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 7
A fixing roller 2 having a rate of 2.25% was obtained.

<Production Example 3 of fixing roller> 100 parts by mass of PTFE and 5 parts of colloidal silica were placed on an aluminum cored bar having an outer diameter of 39.95 mm in the central part and an inner diameter of 38 mm in the central part.
Parts by mass were applied with a spray gun, and baked and cooled in a furnace having an atmosphere of about 380 ° C. After that, polish the surface,
The outer diameter of the central portion is 40.0 mm, the inner diameter of the central portion is 38 mm, and the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 9
A fixing roller 3 of 0.25% was obtained.

<Production Example 4 of fixing roller> 100 parts by mass of PTFE and 5 parts of colloidal silica were placed on an aluminum core metal having an outer diameter of 39.95 mm in the central portion and an inner diameter of 30 mm in the central portion.
Parts by mass were applied with a spray gun, and baked and cooled in a furnace having an atmosphere of about 380 ° C. After that, polish the surface,
The outer diameter of the central portion is 40.0 mm, the inner diameter of the central portion is 30 mm, and the area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 5
The fixing roller 4 having 6.25% is obtained.

<Fifth Production Example of Fixing Roller> 100 parts by mass of PTFE and 5 parts by mass of colloidal silica were applied by a spray gun onto an aluminum core metal having an outer diameter of 39.95 mm in the central part and an inner diameter of 39.1 mm in the central part. After firing in a furnace having an atmosphere of about 380 ° C., it was cooled. Then, the surface is polished so that the outer diameter of the central portion is 40.0 mm and the inner diameter of the central portion is 39.1.
A fixing roller 5 having a size of 95 mm and an area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller of 95.55% was obtained.

A list of manufacturing examples of the fixing roller according to the present invention is as follows.

<Example 1> Binder resin Polyester resin 100 parts by mass (polyester resin composed of bisphenol A-trimellitic acid-terephthalic acid-fumaric acid) Charge control agent 2 parts by mass Metal represented by the following formula Complex type monoazo type compound Carbon black 4 parts by mass Wax 7 parts by mass Aliphatic alcohol wax CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _X CH ₂ OH represented by the following formula (X represents an average value of 47 to 50)

After thoroughly mixing the above materials in a blender,
The mixture was kneaded with a twin-screw kneading extruder set at 130 ° C. The obtained kneaded product was cooled, coarsely pulverized by a cutter mill and then finely pulverized by using a fine pulverizer using a jet stream, and the finely pulverized powder obtained was classified to obtain a volume average particle diameter of 7.34 μm. A toner classification product A was obtained. To 100 parts by mass of the obtained black fine powder toner classified product A, 0.6 parts by mass of negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (BET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a mixture according to the present invention. Toner A was obtained.

When the melt viscosity of Toner A was measured by a flow tester, it was 1.0 × 10 ⁴ P at 120 ° C.
The toner insoluble content of toner A is 25% by mass, and the molecular weight distribution of toner A is measured by GPC. The ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn is It was 38.

Then, the toner A of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (300/350 mesh) were mixed to prepare a two-component developer A. In this embodiment, a commercially available copier Canon GP-405 (process speed 210 mm
/ Sec) was modified to the following contents 1, contents 2, and contents 3 and used.

Details of Modification 1: Commercially available copying machine GP-405 manufactured by Canon Inc. was modified so that a two-component developer could be used. Modified content 2: Commercially available copying machine Canon GP-405
The fixing roller of No. 1 was replaced with the fixing roller 1 of the fixing roller manufacturing example 1. Refurbished contents 3: Commercially available copying machine Canon GP-405
The pressure roller of No. 1 was replaced with the pressure roller 1 of the pressure roller manufacturing example 1. The above two-component developer A was added to the above content 1, content 2, content 3
It was applied to a commercially available copying machine, Canon GP-405, which was remodeled as described above, and 20,000 sheets of images were evaluated for durability under the environmental conditions of normal temperature and normal humidity (23.5 ° C., 60%).

<Example 2> Using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1, contents 1 and 2 in Example 1 were obtained.
Commercially available copying machine with modified contents 3 GP-4 by Canon
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that the process speed of 05 was changed to 240 mm / sec.

<Example 3> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the process speed of -405 was changed to 55 mm / sec.

Example 4 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to -405 was changed to the pressure roller 2 in Production Example 2 of the pressure roller.

<Example 5> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, contents 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to −405 was replaced with the pressure roller 3 in Production Example 3 of the pressure roller.

Example 6 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to -405 was replaced with the pressure roller 4 in Pressure Roller Production Example 4 and changed.

<Embodiment 7> In Embodiment 1, Embodiment 1
The same material was used, and the kneading conditions were set to 100 ° C. 2
A toner classified product B having a volume average particle size of 7.38 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that kneading was carried out by an axial kneading extruder. Toner classification product B1 of the obtained black fine powder
To 100 parts by mass, 0.6 part by mass of a negatively chargeable hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (BET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner B of the present invention.

When the melt viscosity of Toner B was measured by a flow tester, it was 2.0 × 10 ³ P at 120 ° C.
a.S, the toluene insoluble content of Toner B was measured to be 15% by mass, and the molecular weight distribution of Toner B was measured by GPC. The ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn was It was 21. Then, the toner B of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (30
0/350 mesh) to form a two-component developer B,
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

<Embodiment 8> In Embodiment 1, Embodiment 1
The same material was used, and the kneading conditions were set to 160 ° C. 2
A toner classified product C having a volume average particle diameter of 7.21 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that kneading was carried out by an axial kneading extruder. Toner classification product C1 of the obtained black fine powder
To 100 parts by mass, 0.6 part by mass of a negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (BET specific surface area of 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed by a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner C of the present invention.

When the melt viscosity of Toner C was measured by a flow tester, it was 7.0 × 10 ⁵ P at 120 ° C.
The toner insoluble content of toner C was 31% by mass, and the molecular weight distribution of toner C was measured by GPC. The ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn was It was 48. Then, the toner C of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (30
0/350 mesh) to form a two-component developer C,
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

<Example 9> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the fixing roller attached to −405 was changed to the fixing roller 2 in the fixing roller manufacturing example 2.

<Example 10> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2, and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the fixing roller attached to −405 was replaced with the fixing roller 3 in the fixing roller manufacturing example 3.

<Example 11> In Example 1, the binder resin was 1) polyester resin 80 parts by mass (bisphenol A-polyester resin composed of fumaric acid) 2) polyester resin 20 parts by mass (bisphenol A-) (Polyester resin consisting of trimellitic acid), except that the same material as in Example 1 is used and in the same manner as in Example 1 with a volume average particle size of 7.25.
A toner classified product D having a size of μm was obtained.

Obtained black fine powder toner classified product D10
In 0 parts by mass, negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (B
0.6 part by mass of ET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain Toner D of the present invention.
The melt viscosity of Toner D was measured by a flow tester to be 8.0 × 10 ³ Pa · S at 120 ° C., and the toluene-insoluble content of Toner D was measured to be 7.5.
% By weight, and the weight average molecular weight Mw and number average molecular weight Mn of the toner D were measured by GPC.
And the ratio Mw / Mn was 16. Then, the toner D of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (300/35
0 mesh) to give a two-component developer D, and
The same evaluation as was done.

Example 12 In Example 1, the binder resin was 1) polyester resin 5 parts by weight (bisphenol A-fumaric acid-containing polyester resin) 2) polyester resin 95 parts by weight (bisphenol A-tri). Polyester resin consisting of meritic acid), except that the same material as in Example 1 was used and in the same manner as in Example 1 with a volume average particle size of 7.31.
A toner classification product E having a size of μm was obtained.

Toner classification product E10 of the obtained black fine powder
In 0 parts by mass, negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (B
0.6 parts by mass of ET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain Toner E of the present invention.

The melt viscosity of Toner E measured by a flow tester was 3.0 × 10 ⁵ P at 120 ° C.
a · S, the toluene insoluble content of Toner E was measured to be 41 mass%, and the molecular weight distribution of Toner E was measured by GPC. It was 1870. Then, the toner E of the present invention is mixed with a silicone resin coated carrier (300/350 mesh) to prepare a two-component developer E.
Then, the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

<Example 13> In Example 1, the binder resin was 1) polyester resin 80 parts by mass (bisphenol A-trimellitic acid-terephthalic acid-
Polyester resin made of fumaric acid) 2) Styrene-acrylic resin 20 parts by mass (styrene-acrylic resin made of styrene-2 ethylhexyl acrylate), except that the same material as in Example 1 is used. In the same manner as in Example 1, the volume average particle size is 7.34.
A toner classified product F having a size of μm was obtained.

The obtained black fine powder toner classified product F10
In 0 parts by mass, negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (B
0.6 parts by mass of ET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain toner F of the present invention.
When the melt viscosity of Toner F was measured by a flow tester, it was 5.0 × 10 ⁴ Pa · S at 120 ° C., and the toluene insoluble content of Toner F was 32 mass%, and the molecular weight of Toner F by GPC was measured. When the distribution was measured, the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw to the number average molecular weight Mn was 1250. Then, the toner F of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (300/3
It mixed with 50 mesh) and it was set as the two-component type developer F, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

<Example 14> In Example 1, the binder resin was 1) polyester resin 90 parts by mass (bisphenol A-trimellitic acid-terephthalic acid-
Polyester resin made of fumaric acid) 2) Styrene-acrylic resin 10 parts by mass (styrene-acrylic resin made of styrene-2 ethylhexyl acrylate), except that the same material as in Example 1 is used. In the same manner as in Example 1, the volume average particle size was 7.29.
A toner classification product G having a size of μm was obtained.

The obtained black fine powder toner classified product G10
In 0 parts by mass, negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (B
0.6 parts by mass of ET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain toner G of the present invention.
When the melt viscosity of Toner G was measured by a flow tester, it was 3.0 × 10 ⁴ Pa · S at 120 ° C., and the toluene insoluble content of Toner G was 28% by mass, and the molecular weight of Toner G by GPC was measured. When the distribution was measured, the ratio Mw / Mn of the weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn was 970. Then, the toner G of the present invention and a silicone resin coated carrier (300/35
0 mesh) to give a two-component developer G, and
The same evaluation as was done.

Comparative Example 1 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the process speed of -405 was changed to 45 mm / sec.

Comparative Example 2 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2, and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the process speed of -405 was changed to 280 mm / sec.

<Comparative Example 3> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2, and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to -405 was changed to the pressure roller 5 in Production Example 5 of the pressure roller.

Comparative Example 4 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to -405 was changed to the pressure roller 6 in Production Example 6 of the pressure roller.

Comparative Example 5 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to the −405 was replaced with the pressure roller 7 in the pressure roller manufacturing example 7.

Comparative Example 6 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the pressure roller attached to -405 was replaced with the pressure roller 8 in the pressure roller manufacturing example 8.

Comparative Example 7 The same as Example 1 except that the binder resin was changed to 100 parts by mass of polyester resin (polyester resin consisting of bisphenol A-fumaric acid). A toner classified product H having a volume average particle diameter of 7.21 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above material. To 100 parts by mass of the obtained black fine powder toner classified product H, 0.6 parts by mass of negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (BET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner H. It was

The melt viscosity of Toner H was measured by a flow tester and found to be 5.0 × 10 ² P at 120 ° C.
a · S, the toluene-insoluble content of Toner H was measured to be 3% by mass, and the molecular weight distribution of Toner H was measured by GPC. It was 8. After that, toner H and silicone resin coated carrier (300/350 m
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was carried out by using a two-component type developer H by mixing it with esh).

<Comparative Example 8> In Example 1, the binder resin was used.
A polyester resin (bisphenol A-trimel
Polyester resin consisting of formic acid) 100 parts by mass
Using the same materials as in Example 1, except that:
In the same manner as in Example 1, the volume average particle size is 7.31 μm.
A toner classified product I was obtained. Obtained black fine powder toner
Negatively-charged hydrophobic dry colloider in 100 parts by weight of Classified Product I
Rusilica (BET specific surface area 300m ²/ G) 0.6 mass
Parts and mix with a Henschel mixer to obtain Toner I
It was

The melt viscosity of Toner I was measured by a flow tester and found to be 5.0 × 10 ⁶ P at 120 ° C.
a.S, the toluene insoluble content of Toner I was measured to be 57% by mass, and the molecular weight distribution of Toner I was measured by GPC. It was 2150. After that, the toner I and the silicone resin coated carrier (300
/ 350 mesh) to give a two-component developer I, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

<Comparative Example 9> Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2, and 3 in Example 1 using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1.
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the fixing roller attached to −405 was replaced with the fixing roller 4 in the fixing roller manufacturing example 4.

Comparative Example 10 Commercially available copying machine Canon GP manufactured by modifying the contents 1, 2 and 3 in Example 1 by using the two-component developer A obtained in Example 1
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that the fixing roller attached to −405 was changed to the fixing roller 5 in the fixing roller manufacturing example 5.

<Comparative Example 11> In Example 1, except that the binder resin was changed to 100 parts by mass of a styrene-acrylic resin (styrene-acrylic resin composed of styrene-butyl acrylate-2 ethylhexyl acrylate). In the same manner as in Example 1, the same material as in Example 1 was used to obtain a toner classified product J having a volume average particle size of 7.36 μm. Toner classification product J1 of the obtained black fine powder
To 0.01 part by mass, 0.6 part by mass of negatively charged hydrophobic dry colloidal silica (BET specific surface area 300 m ² / g) was added and mixed by a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner J.

When the melt viscosity of Toner J was measured by a flow tester, it was 7.0 × 10 ⁵ P at 120 ° C.
a.S, and the toluene insoluble content of Toner J was measured to be 21% by mass. The molecular weight distribution of Toner J was measured by GPC. It was 1250. Then, Toner J and a silicone resin coated carrier (300
/ 350 mesh) to prepare a two-component developer J, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.

Table 10 shows fixing conditions and evaluation results in Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0157]

[0158]

[0159]

[0160]

[0161]

[0162]

[0163]

[0164]

According to the present invention, a high-quality image is provided for a long period of time, and a fixing device can be used even after fixing a large number of transfer materials without impairing the fixing performance and anti-offset performance. Defect image due to contamination does not occur,
Further, it is possible to provide a heat fixing method capable of shortening the warming-up time of the fixing roller or a toner used in the heat fixing method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional view at a central portion of a single fixing roller used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a heat roll fixing device used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a Soxhlet extraction device used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols] Figure 2 1: Fixing roller (heating roller) 3: Halogen heater 4: Pressure roller N: Pressure contact nip P: Recording material (unfixed toner image) Figure 3 1: container 2: Toluene 3: Cylindrical filter paper 4: Middle tube 5: Cooler 6: Cooling water 7: Tube 8: Heater

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. A recording material having a toner image is passed at a process speed of 50 to 250 mm / sec through a fixing device having a fixing roller having at least a heating means and a pressure roller in pressure contact with the fixing roller, In the toner fixing method of heating and fixing the toner image on the recording material, the pressure roller is formed of foam, and the surface of the pressure roller has a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm. The pressure roller has a hardness of 41 to 55 in Asker C.
And the flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 1
1.0 at any temperature in the 10 to 140 ° C range
A method of fixing a toner image, wherein the toner image has a pressure of × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S. 2. The surface of the pressure roller has a surface roughness R
The toner image fixing method according to claim 1, wherein the toner image is formed of a release layer having a z of 0.15 to 3.0 μm. 3. The hardness of the pressure roller is Asker C
The toner image fixing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing angle is 41 to 50 °. 4. The flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 5.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 5.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C. 5. The method for fixing a toner image according to any one of 1. 5. The area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 60 to 95%.
5. The method for fixing a toner image according to any one of 1. 6. The area existence ratio of voids in the cross section of the fixing roller is 75 to 85%.
5. The method for fixing a toner image according to any one of 1. 7. The toner image fixing method according to claim 1, wherein the binder resin of the toner is a polyester resin. 8. The toner image fixing method according to claim 1, wherein the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 5 to 50 mass%. 9. The toner image fixing method according to claim 1, wherein the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 10 to 35 mass%. 10. The weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
The toner image fixing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the ratio Mw / Mn is 10 to 2,000. 11. A weight average molecular weight Mw and a number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
The toner image fixing method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the ratio Mw / Mn is 20 to 1,600. 12. A pressure roller having a surface roughness Rz of 0.05 to 4.0 μm and a release layer formed of a foam and having a hardness of 41 to 55 ° as Asker C. A recording material having a toner image, which has a fixing roller that is in pressure contact with a pressure roller and has at least a heating unit, has a process speed of 50 to 250 mm.
The toner used in the fixing method in which the toner image is heated and fixed on the recording material at a flow tester melt viscosity of 110 to 140
A toner for heat fixing, wherein the toner has a temperature of 1.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁶ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of ° C. 13. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein the surface of the pressure roller is formed of a release layer having a surface roughness Rz of 0.15 to 3.0 μm. 14. The pressure roller is formed of foam, and the hardness of the pressure roller is 41 to 50 in Asker C.
The toner for heat fixing according to claim 12 or 13, wherein 15. The flow tester melt viscosity of the toner is 5.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 5.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa · S at any temperature in the temperature range of 110 to 140 ° C. 5. The toner for heat fixing according to any one of items 1. 16. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein an area existence ratio of voids in a cross section of the fixing roller is 60 to 95%. 17. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein an area existence ratio of voids in a cross section of the fixing roller is 75 to 85%. 18. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein the binder resin of the toner is a polyester resin. 19. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 5 to 50 mass%. 20. The heat fixing toner according to claim 12, wherein the toluene insoluble content of the toner is 10 to 35 mass%. 21. The weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
The ratio Mw / Mn with is 10 to 2,000.
21. The heat fixing toner according to any one of 2 to 20. 22. The weight average molecular weight Mw and the number average molecular weight Mn in the molecular weight distribution measurement of the toner by GPC.
The ratio Mw / Mn with is 20 to 1,600.
22. The toner for heat fixing according to any one of 2 to 21.