JP2003108131A - Koto score notation sequencer system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a notation sequencer system which can handle a koto score. SOLUTION: This system is equipped with a display means which displays the koto score, an input means which inputs the music symbols, scales, and fundamental tone of the koto score and instructions regarding operations, a means which edits the koto score according to the music symbols and instructions received from the input means, a means which stores the edited koto score, a means which determines pitches corresponding to respective strings according to the scales and/or fundamental tone received from the input means, and a means which generates a signal for controlling a sound source according to the pitches corresponding to the respective strings and the edited koto score in response to the instructions from the input means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a koto notation for making a koto score and causing a sound source to play the music of the koto score.
Regarding the sequencer system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The musical score (hereinafter referred to as "koto") used for playing a koto (generally referred to as a koto) is completely different from Western music and notation, which is a notation based on it. Notation. 1, 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of a koto score. As you can see from these figures, in the koto,
The format of the musical score is very different from that of the staff and guitar. In these figures, the written Chinese numerals indicate the number of the string to be played (also referred to as a string) rather than the pitch. The koto score (song; six-tone key) shown in FIG. 1 is written vertically, and a dividing line is provided for each quarter note in advance, and a short line indicating the eighth note is also provided. The Chinese numerals (1, 2, 3, ..., Ten, Doo, Tame, Width) represent the position of the "string to play" out of 13 (that is, the relative scale), and this partition The position of the line or the size of the line determines the length of the sound. For example, "34" in one square means that the third and fourth strings are played simultaneously.
As another musical symbol, for example, "O", "△" (with * in the center), "O", "△" rests, "O", "wo" are pressed (strengthen the tension of the strings. "Tsu" Tsukiiro (a technique that strengthens the tension of the string for a moment and restores it to the original) "Hi" Hikiiro (a technique that reduces the tension of the string to change the pitch ) Etc., there are more than 30 kinds in total. The koto notation (tune; sunset) shown in Fig. 2 is also written vertically, and is divided into bars, and a line is drawn next to the Chinese numeral to indicate the length of the note. The right side of the frame is the score for the first player, and the left side is the score for the second player. The score shown in Fig. 3 is written horizontally, and is read from left to right. The length of the note is indicated by the line attached to the number.

[0003]

In a sequencer system used for computer music, it is necessary to input data based on the musical score of the music in order for the synthesizer tone generator to play the music. Normally, such data is input in real time by directly operating a dedicated input device in the form of a keyboard or a guitar, or a notation function built in the sequencer system (for creating or editing a score). Function) was used to write music symbols such as notes on the score on the screen, or to input numerical values representing sounds.

Since there is currently no input device in the form of a koto that can be directly connected to a sequencer system to input data, it is necessary to input data based on a musical score.
In the conventional notation sequencer system, it is premised that the staff notation and the guitar notation are handled, and the koto notation has not been taken into consideration. Therefore, in order to play the music on the koto using a conventional sequencer system, the koto has to be manually converted into a staff and input, which requires a lot of time and labor.

The musical instrument called the koto can change the pitch of each string by moving a movable bridge (piece), and the scale (tone) is adjusted by such a change.
There are more than 10 major scales, such as Hira-tone and Kumoi-tone, and the pitch varies depending on the fundamental tone. If there are 20 kinds of scales, theoretically, an arrangement of 20 × 12 kinds of sounds is possible. Therefore, when converting a koto notation into a staff notation, it is necessary to decide at which scale and what the fundamental note is. Since the characteristics of the koto notation are completely different from those of the notation or the guitar notation, it has been impossible to process the koto notation by making some changes to the conventional notation sequencer system.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a notation sequencer system capable of handling a koto score.

[0007]

A koto notation sequencer system according to the present invention includes a display means for displaying a koto score, and an input means for inputting a musical symbol of the koto score, a scale, a fundamental note, and an instruction regarding an operation. Means for editing a koto score according to the musical symbols and commands received from the input means, means for storing the edited koto score, and corresponding to each string based on the scale and / or fundamental note received from the input means And a means for generating a signal for controlling the sound source based on the pitch corresponding to each string and the edited koto according to a command from the input means. It is characterized by

In another embodiment of the koto notation sequencer system according to the present invention, the stored koto is converted into a pitch corresponding to each string determined based on a specified scale and / or a fundamental pitch. Therefore, it is characterized in that it further comprises means for converting into a staff notation, and the display means displays the staff notated in this way.

Further, the koto notation according to the present invention
Another embodiment of the sequencer system is characterized in that it comprises means for receiving notation data in a predetermined format and converting the received notation data into koto notation.
Alternatively, the koto notation sequencer system according to the present invention is characterized by further comprising means for reading the stored koto score and displaying it in a vertical writing or horizontal writing format. Usually, the koto is written vertically,
According to this configuration, it is possible to display even in horizontal writing.

For example, a predetermined conversion table can be used when converting the scale data format among a koto score (and a specified scale and fundamental tone), a staff, and a sound source (for example, a MIDI sound source). FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the conversion table. As shown in the figure, in the "flat tone" of the koto score, the basic note is generally the scale name in C major (that is, note name D (MIDI note number 62)), and this Tune so that one string can be pronounced. Also,
As shown in the figure, at this time, one string can also pronounce the note name D (MIDI note number 74) one octave higher. Then, the second string tunes to the scale name S (note name G (MIDI note number 67)) in C major. In this way, a table is provided in which, for example, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth strings respectively correspond to the scales D, G, A, C, and D. In addition, as for symbols that can be raised or lowered by one semitone, such as # (sharp) and ♭ (flat) in the staff, in the koto notation, "wo" is used for raising the semitone, and " Use symbols such as "o" (use ↑ for horizontal staff). A symbol such as "hi" is used for semitone lowering. For example, when raising the second string by a semitone (this semitone does not necessarily match the semitone for the staff notation), it becomes "woni". Such a conversion table is stored in advance in a predetermined storage device, and the system according to the present invention refers to this table to convert the scale data between the koto, the staff and the sound source into a desired data format. It can also be converted to. However, the above-mentioned scale conversion table is merely an example, and how to take the basic tone, the scale for each koto (more precisely, the pitch (pitch) of the pitch) for which notation scale ( Similarly, to be more precise, it corresponds to the pitch (pitch) of the sound, or MIDI
Various modification examples can be considered depending on what is used as data for sound sources other than the above. Similarly, it is also possible to provide a table showing which koto rests all rests and quarter rests correspond to rests of other musical symbols. In this way, it is also possible to provide the same conversion table for all the music symbols such as the strength display and the tempo display, and use the same conversion table to mutually convert the data formats.

[0011]

According to the koto notation sequencer system of the present invention, the koto score can be directly edited and played. Since the scale can be set, it can also be used as a music composition support tool for koto music. Moreover, since the conversion into the staff notation can be performed, the actual correlation between the koto notation and the notation staff can be obtained.

[0012]

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a notation sequencer system according to the present invention. This system includes a control device 2, a display device 4, an input device 6, and an automatic performance device which are connected to the control device 2, respectively.
8 includes a storage device 10 and a printing device 12. Controller 2
Can be dedicated hardware or a computer with appropriate programming. It controls the operation of the whole system, edits the koto score, and based on the musical symbols written on the koto score. A signal for causing the automatic performance device 8 to perform, for example, a MIDI data signal (that is, a series of MIDI
Data stream indicating a note number) is generated. The koto to be handled may be in any of the above-mentioned formats, and may be switched between a plurality of formats. The display device 4 displays a koto score editing screen, a performance operation screen, and the like. The input device 6 may be, for example, a computer keyboard or a mouse, and by these operations, a musical symbol to be written on the koto score, a command relating to the operation, or the like is input. The automatic performance device 8 includes, for example, a synthesizer sound source, a sampler sound source, and the like, and plays a musical piece in accordance with a signal from the control device 2. The storage device 10 stores edited koto score data and the like. The printing device 12 prints a koto score or the like.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart for explaining the koto score editing operation of the notation sequencer system shown in FIG. The system starts operation in step 101, and displays the koto score editing screen on the display device 4 in step 102. On this koto score editing screen, a new koto score, or a pre-stored mid-editing or edited koto score is displayed.For example, an icon representing a music symbol or command for editing is further displayed. Good. In step 103, the operator receives an input by operating the input device 8. This operation includes pressing a key corresponding to a musical symbol in the input device 6 which is a keyboard, and selecting, dragging and dropping the icon on the screen by the input device 6 which is a mouse. For example, in the koto notation on the screen, a cursor in the shape of an eighth note will appear.
By moving the arrow keys of the keyboard up, down, left and right and pressing the numeral keys of the keyboard, the Chinese numerals representing the string numbers as described above can be input. Also, other music symbols can be input by pressing a predetermined key on the keyboard or by moving the mouse cursor to a predetermined button arranged on the screen and pressing the mouse button. At step 104, the control means 2 performs the koto score editing process according to the input. At this time, the display of the koto score being edited is updated. In step 105, it is determined whether the editing is completed. If the editing is not completed yet, the process returns to step 103 to continue the editing. When the editing is completed, the process proceeds to step 103, the edited koto score is stored in the storage device 10, and the operation is ended.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart for clarifying the performance operation of the notation sequencer system shown in FIG. In step 201, the system receives the performance start request and starts operation. In response to this performance start request, for example, the currently displayed koto score and the storage device 10 are stored in advance.
The koto score to be played is selected from the koto score stored in. Further, a scale and / or a fundamental tone for playing is set. In step 202, the pitch corresponding to each string is determined from the set scale and / or fundamental tone, and the koto score data selected in step 201 is converted into music data according to the pitch thus determined. . This music data is, for example
It may be MIDI data. In step 203, the music data obtained in step 202 is stored in the storage device 10. In step 204, the automatic performance device 8 is activated.
In step 205, the music data is transmitted to the automatic performance device 8, and the automatic performance device 8 plays based on the music data.

Furthermore, the koto notation according to the present invention
In other embodiments of the sequencer system, the koto score can be converted into other forms of score, such as a staff notation. In this case, the conversion may be performed in the same manner as the conversion of the koto score into the music data in the above-described embodiment, or the converted music data may be further converted into the staff. The staff notation thus obtained can be displayed on the screen or printed by a printing device, like the koto notation. Furthermore, conversion may be performed between different types of koto notation (for example, conversion from vertical koto notation to horizontal koto notation) or conversion from staff notation to koto notation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a koto score.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of a koto score.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing still another example of a koto score.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a conversion table.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a koto notation sequencer system according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a koto score editing operation by the system of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a koto score playing operation by the system of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Control device 4 Display 6 Input device 8 Automatic playing device 10 storage device 12 Printing device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A koto notation sequencer system that creates a koto score and causes a sound source to play the music of the koto score, and display means for displaying the koto score, and musical symbols, scales, and fundamental tones of the koto score. And an input means for inputting an operation-related command, a means for editing a koto score according to the musical symbols and commands received from the input means, a means for storing the edited koto score, a scale received from the input means, and And / or means for determining the pitch corresponding to each string based on the fundamental tone, and the sound source based on the pitch corresponding to each string and the edited koto according to a command from the input means. Koto notation equipped with a means for generating a controlling signal
Sequencer system. 2. The notation sequencer system according to claim 1, wherein the stored koto score is reproduced according to a pitch corresponding to each string determined based on a designated scale and / or a fundamental pitch. A notation sequencer system characterized by further comprising means for converting into, and the display means displaying the staff thus converted. 3. The notation sequencer system according to claim 1, further comprising means for receiving the musical notation data in a predetermined format and converting the received musical notation data into a koto score. Notation sequencer system. 4. The notation sequencer system according to claim 1, further comprising means for reading out the stored koto score and displaying it in a vertical writing or horizontal writing format. Notation sequencer system.