JP2003105883A - Temperature increase preventive system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a heat island phenomenon by continuously lowering a surface temperature increased by direct sunlight on an artificial ground face such as a road, a slope, a medial strip and a sidewalk, a rooftop of a building, a veranda, a terrace and the like, suppressing radiation heat, reflection and reflection heat therewith, preventing withering of roadside trees and plants in the medial strip of a roadway and the pavement, a part and the like and making the pavement, the park, a street and the like which are cool and in which persons, animals and the plants are easy to spend. SOLUTION: The whole rainwater falling on the artificial ground face such as the road, the medial strip and the sidewalk, the roofstop, the veranda, the terrace and the like is efficiently utilized, stored without continuously draining to a sewer system, scattered, retained in a porous structural ceramic installed on the surface. The surface temperature is continuously lowered with a small amount of water by evaporation heat due to evapotranspiration, and the excessive water is stored and scattered to be circulated in a temperature increase preventive system. Lowering of the surface temperature provides a city space suppressing a heat island and a sound and comfortable living space.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a situation in which a surface temperature rises due to direct sunlight in the middle of summer, and the indoor temperature rises under the influence of it, making it difficult to obtain a comfortable indoor environment. Regarding temperature rise prevention system and construction method that continuously drops the surface temperature by sprinkling stored rainwater using rainwater that falls on median strips, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops, balconies, terraces, etc. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Permeable blocks, permeable asphalt and permeable interlocking are prevalent on roads, slopes, medians, pavements and other artificial ground surfaces, but emphasis is placed on underground drainage during floods. Since the pore structure is large, the pore structure is as large as 5 mm or less, water cannot be retained inside the pore structure, and the temperature lowering effect by evaporation is small. Further, it is apt to be clogged, and in the clogged state, the same reflection and radiant heat as that of concrete, asphalt, and tiles is generated, causing a temperature rise and a heat island phenomenon that the surface temperature reaches 70 ° C.

In addition, since the flat surface receives three times as much solar radiation as the side surface, the temperature of the waterproof layer, mortar, etc., which has the surface finish, rises on the rooftop of the building, the balcony, the terrace, etc., causing reflection and radiant heat. When it is generated, the surface temperature of the roof of the building or the balcony reaches 60 ° C or higher at high temperature. This effect is most affected by the top floor directly below the rooftop, and the heat from the rooftop is directly transmitted to the top floor.
Reach high temperatures above 0 ° C. In this state, it is difficult to obtain the cooling effect of cooling, and excessive use of cooling increases power consumption. The heat island phenomenon is caused by the temperature rise due to heat storage of the artificial ground surface such as roads, slopes, medians, and pavements and the heat storage of buildings, and excessive use of cooling. As a measure to prevent these, a method of mitigating by rooftop gardening and veranda gardening is taken, but due to reflection of direct sunlight, radiant heat, reflected heat, burnout and drought of plants, as well as load capacity and expensive installation cost, There are many restrictions on general housing and low-mid-rise buildings.

Further, the waterproof layer and the mortar finish on the rooftop of the building or on the balcony have no water retention function, and the sprinkled water immediately flows to the drain for drainage, and the water adhering to the surface also evaporates immediately. I will end up. Therefore, since a large amount of water is required to maintain the temperature lowering effect for a long time, the watering efficiency is poor.

As a method of lowering the temperature rising phenomenon of a building, there is a method of sprinkling water, but when tap water is used for sprinkling water, salt damage is caused by accumulation of chlorine contained in the tap water. , Promotes corrosion of organic chemical waterproofing layers and concrete. When rainwater is used for sprinkling, the water storage facility may be buried underground or a spherical water storage tank may be installed on the surface to prevent water from spoiling. In the low and middle-rise buildings, it is almost impossible to cut underground and there is no space to install a large tank. Even if you want to lower the temperature by sprinkling water, it is not possible to realize due to these restrictions. In addition, the water storage tank is equipped with a filtration layer and circulation layer to prevent water from corroding, and a septic tank to prevent the concentration of phosphoric acid, potassium, nitrogen, and nitrogen compounds contained in the circulated rainwater. Has become.

[0006]

However, in order to mitigate the temperature rise of artificial ground surfaces such as roads, slopes, medians, pavements and the surface of roofs, balconies, terraces, etc., it is necessary to evaporate water on the surface. A temperature drop is desirable,
Therefore, watering is most effective. However, these surface finish materials include asphalt, concrete,
Mortar, porcelain earthenware tiles and blocks, and organic chemical-based waterproofing layers are used. Since these do not have a water-retaining function, the sprinkled water does not evaporate and flows into the drainage port, making it impossible to perform efficiently.

Furthermore, in order to sprinkle and store rainwater,
Since the rainwater of the initial rainfall contains harmful substances, it cannot be sprinkled on plants and soil, and even if the rainwater is stored, organic matter in the water easily decomposes, making long-term storage difficult, and repeated sprinkling and storage There is a problem that phosphoric acid, potassium, nitrogen, nitrogen compounds, etc. are concentrated by this, and it is necessary to remove and concentrate these harmful substances and prevent spoilage.

[0008] Further, since there is no room in the site area of ordinary houses and low-to-middle-rise buildings, and it is impossible to install a water tank with heavy equipment, it is possible to save space in the water tank and to install a small purification device to prevent corruption. is necessary.

Further, even when rooftop greening of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc. is performed and gardening is performed on the rooftop, it is extremely difficult for plants to inhabit at a high surface temperature of 60 ° C. or higher, and there is a problem such as burning out of plants. Therefore, it is important to suppress reflections and radiant heat, and to reduce the surface temperature.
It is necessary to create a rooftop greening and gardening environment maintenance base where plants can live, and to carry out low cost and light maintenance of rooftop greening and veranda gardening.

The artificial ground surface such as roads, slopes, medians, and pavements is covered with concrete or asphalt, and the surface temperature in midsummer reaches 60 ° C or more due to reflection or radiant heat, preventing heatstroke illness in midsummer. In order to prevent burnout of plants and plants, it is necessary to store rainwater and sprinkle it, suppress reflections and radiant heat, and lower the surface temperature.

Therefore, the present invention provides an artificial ground surface such as a road, a slope, a median strip, a pavement, a rooftop of a building or a veranda,
It is an object to suppress the heat island phenomenon by continuously reducing the surface temperature raised by direct sunlight by storing and spraying rainwater that has rained on a terrace or the like. In addition, porous ceramics are installed on the surface to sustain this temperature drop, and they perform water retention and transpiration action and rainwater filtration, and also have purification and storage functions, and have a limited area of general houses and low-mid-rise buildings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water tank that can be installed, a water sprinkler connected to the water tank, and a temperature rise prevention system in which these devices work together.

[0012]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Means for solving the above problems will be described. Means of the present invention, roads and slopes, median strips, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops and balconies and terraces surface temperature rise due to direct sunlight, the rise in the core temperature of the building, reflection and radiant heat, reflection To prevent the temperature of roads and slopes from rising due to heat and burnout of street trees, all rainwater that falls on roads, slopes, medians, artificial grounds such as pavements, rooftops, balconies, terraces, etc. is effective. It is used to store rainwater without draining it all at once, sprinkling it on, and retaining the water with the porous structure ceramics installed on the surface, and continuously lowering the surface temperature by the evaporation heat due to the evaporation of the water. It is what makes me. And by providing a drainage layer between the porous ceramics and the surface of roads, slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc., surplus during rainfall and watering Prevents the growth and growth of molds and moss due to the long-term accumulation of water inside the continuous fine porous ceramics. The water storage tank passes through the porous ceramics and stores the rainwater that is the primary filtration of harmful substances and organic substances contained in the initial rainwater, so that the filtration layer inside the water storage tank disappears accordingly, and the internal septic tank is Inside is equipped with an adsorptive decomposition layer that adsorbs and decomposes organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc., roads and slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, and biotopes installed on rooftops, balconies, terraces, etc. By doing so, only one layer having the two functions of the purification layer and the water storage tank is combined, the tank shape is an elliptical shape that is closer to a rectangle, and the stirring rods stir without causing stagnation of water to decompose the water. Water can be stored in a small space while preventing As a result, a minimum width of 5 that can be installed even in the limited site area of ordinary houses and low-rise buildings
Configure a 0 cm water storage tank. In addition, this water storage tank can be expanded by connecting it horizontally and vertically,
It is possible to increase the amount of water storage corresponding to commercial facilities. Then, pump up this stored rainwater,
Water is sprayed on roads, slopes, medians, pavements and other artificial ground surfaces, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc. whose surface temperature has risen due to direct sunlight. The temperature is lowered, and the surplus water is filtered again and constitutes a temperature rise prevention system that circulates to the water storage tank and water sprinkling.

The term "porous ceramics" as used herein means a continuous porous structure having continuous pores formed therein, and each of the pores has a nonuniform size of from several microns to several millimeters. It means that the water that comes into contact with the surface absorbs water from the upper, lower, left and right parts by a capillary phenomenon, retains the water, and evaporates the water.

The drainage layer referred to here is a drainage material in the form of fibers, non-woven fabric, sponge, or a road surface drainage layer such as sand or gravel. Since the drainage material is corroded by water for a long period of time, it is preferable that the drainage material is made of an organic chemical resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, urethane, or styrene, which is more excellent in water resistance than organic fiber.

The adsorptive decomposition layer inside the water storage tank is constituted by fixing porous structure ceramics, porous structure ceramics on which enzymes and bacteria are fixed, activated carbon, charcoal, zeolite, etc. with a net or basket. Say something. Enzymes and bacteria decompose organic substances and nitrogen compounds contained in water and adsorb porous ceramics, zeolite, charcoal, etc.Periodical cleaning and replacement to prevent functional deterioration due to clogging. Is desirable.

Since the water in the drainage pipe does not flow backward when the water is full, it is desirable that the water storage tank is provided with an overflow port for automatically discharging the excess water to the outside after the water exceeds the storage amount and becomes full.

If a drain port is provided at the bottom of the tank, mud and sand that may accumulate in the tank will be removed,
It is effective for use as emergency water in emergencies.

When the pump starts or stops when it senses that the surface temperature of the porous ceramics exceeds the set temperature, it can be effectively performed without missing the sprinkling time, and the pump can be started by providing a temperature sensor. , Stop is preferred.

The term "biotope" as used herein means one in which water is stored in a space surrounded by a pond and plants such as aquatic plants, moss and moss are inhabited, and the roots of the plants are It is fixed on porous ceramics, fibrous, non-woven, foamed and knitted drainage plates installed in water. When water circulates, organic substances and nitrogen compounds contained in water, nitrogen,
Phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. are concentrated and cause clogging of the adsorption / decomposition layer in water distribution pipes, sprinkling pipes, water spouts, and tanks, so the plant's ecological functions absorb nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. in water. It is preferable to provide a biotope.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. First, install porous ceramics on roads, slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, and other surfaces. This porous ceramic has pores of several microns to several mm continuously formed inside. This hole retains water to cause capillarity and transpiration, and lowers the surface temperature that was raised by the heat of vaporization, and when rainwater passes through this hole, harmful substances and organic substances contained in rainwater are temporarily Perform a simple filtration. Then, by providing a drainage layer between the porous structure ceramics and the surface finish of concrete, asphalt, a waterproof layer of organic chemical system, etc., at the same time as draining the primary filtered rainwater and excess water at the time of watering to the drain, Prevents the generation and growth of molds and moss due to excess water accumulated in the porous structure ceramics for a long period of time. In this way, the primary filtered rainwater and surplus water during rainfall and sprinkling are
It is collected in the drain layer by the water gradient on the surface and drained to the drain pipe. The drainage pipe is cut at a position higher than the top of the water storage tank and joined to the rainwater inlet of the water storage tank.

Since the rainwater stored in the water storage tank passes through the porous ceramics and is subjected to primary filtration of harmful substances and organic substances, the filter layer can be eliminated inside the water storage tank. Then, inside the water storage tank, an adsorptive decomposition layer composed of porous structure ceramics, porous structure ceramics on which enzymes and bacteria are fixed, activated carbon, and charcoal is installed in the central part, and the porous structure ceramics alone cannot be used for filtration. Purifies rainwater by adsorbing and decomposing non-organic substances and nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. Since this eliminates the need for equipment such as a filtration layer and a septic tank, a single-layer water storage tank having the two functions of a water storage tank and a purification layer is possible, and the shape is small. further,
By making the tank shape an elliptical shape that is closer to a rectangle, it is possible to store an equivalent amount of water in a space saving of 1/2 to 2/3 as compared with a spherical tank. For water spoilage that occurs in rectangular or elliptical tanks, multiple stirring rods are installed inside the tank to stir water evenly without causing stagnation of water and prevent water spoilage. Therefore, the water storage tank has a minimum width of 50 cm and can store a sufficient amount of water for watering, and can be installed in a general house or a low-to-mid-rise building with a limited site area. In addition, this water storage tank can be connected horizontally and vertically by connecting drainage pipes, increasing the amount of water storage to accommodate factories, large buildings, and commercial facilities. It can also be used as an emergency water source by attaching a drain port below the water storage tank.

Further, in order to extend the deterioration of the adsorption function due to the adsorption of proteins, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium in the adsorption decomposition layer in the water storage tank, artificial ground such as roads, slopes, median strips and pavements A biotope inhabiting aquatic plants and moss is installed on a part of the surface, the rooftop of the building, the veranda, the terrace, etc., and rainwater is allowed to pass therethrough for watering. Phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, carbon, etc. are absorbed as nutrients by aquatic plants and moss, and proteins and nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, etc. that are easily concentrated by circulation of rainwater are reduced, and adsorption in the water storage tank The function of the decomposition layer is extended.

The rainwater stored in the water storage tank is lifted by a pump and heated by direct sunlight to raise roads and slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops and balconies of buildings,
Water is sprinkled on the surface of the terrace, etc., and the porous structure ceramics retains and evaporates the water to continuously lower the temperature. Pumping and water sprinkling start when the temperature sensor on the surface of the porous ceramics reaches the set temperature, and can be done without missing the time of water sprinkling. And the surplus water is filtered again and passes through the drainage layer,
It is collected in the drain layer by the water gradient on the surface and circulates to the water storage tank and watering again.

Further, the porous structure ceramics causes a capillarity phenomenon to spread the water absorption range to the upper, lower, left and right parts, and the same water absorption range can be obtained with a smaller number than the conventional water sprinkling port. Furthermore, by installing a non-woven fabric between the porous structure ceramics and the drainage layer, it is possible to absorb water over the entire surface by only watering from the artificial ground surface and one part such as the rooftop or the veranda.

Examples will be described below, but these are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on the roof of a building, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on the roof of a building with a biotope, and FIG. 3 is a building. Of the temperature rise prevention system installed on the balcony or terrace of the building, Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the temperature rise prevention system installed on the rooftop, balcony, or terrace of the building, and Fig. 5 shows roads or pavements. Schematic diagram of the temperature rise prevention system installed on the artificial ground surface, Fig. 6
Is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on an artificial ground surface such as a slope or a median strip, FIG. 7 is a temperature comparison diagram of a rooftop of a building, and FIG. 8 is a temperature comparison diagram of an artificial ground surface of a pavement. .

[0027]

[Embodiment 1] In Embodiment 1, in FIG. 1, all rainwater that falls on the roof of a building is effectively used, and rainwater is stored at once without draining the rainwater to the sewer and sprinkles it on the rooftop surface. A temperature rise prevention system that continuously lowers the raised surface temperature will be described. First, attach drainage layer 2 onto concrete, mortar, waterproof mortar, waterproof layer, etc. on the rooftop surface of a building, and drain layer 2
The porous ceramics 3 is installed on top of this. The porous ceramics 3 absorbs the surface temperature increased by the heat of vaporization by retaining and evaporating rainwater or sprinkling water, and the retained water is gradually vaporized, and if the temperature is continuously lowered by the heat of vaporization. At the same time, the surplus water passes through the inside of the porous ceramics 3 and temporarily filters organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon, phosphoric acid, potassium, dust, dust, sand and the like contained in the surplus water. The drainage layer 2 drains rainwater at the time of rainfall and surplus water at the time of watering, prevents the generation of mold and moss due to the long-term contact of water with the porous ceramics 3, and further causes the ventilation of air. It prevents the corrosion of the waterproof layer due to bacteria such as anaerobic bacteria, and at the same time acts as a heat insulator. This prevents the growth of fungi and moss peculiar to the material that has a water retaining function, maintains a beautiful appearance, and does not transfer the heat of direct sunlight accumulated on the surface or inside to the bottom even when the porous ceramic is in a dry state. It acts as a layer.

The existing drain pipe 4 is cut at the upper part and joined to the water storage tank 5. Another pipe 6 is attached to a portion of the drainage pipe 4 joined to the water storage tank 5 and drains excess water when the tank is full. The rainwater stored in the water storage tank 5 is raised to the roof of the building by the pump 7 and passes through the watering pipe 9 stretched around the roof surface,
Water is sprinkled from the water spout 10 such as a sprinkler or dripper. The sprinkled water is retained in the pores inside the porous ceramics, evaporates, and the surface temperature is continuously lowered by the heat of vaporization. The surplus water 11 is collected from the porous ceramics 3 through the drainage layer 2 to the drain due to the water gradient on the roof, and circulates through the drainage pipe 4 again from the water storage tank 5 to sprinkling water. The drain port 12 below the water storage tank 5 can be used for removing sediment such as sand and mud accumulated inside and for sprinkling water in an emergency.

Buildings such as general houses and low and middle-rise buildings have few openings on the side and the north side that are in close contact with the adjacent building, and the distance from the adjacent building is often as narrow as 60 cm or more. In addition, buildings such as ordinary houses and low- and middle-rise buildings do not have a lot of land area, and large or heavy equipment water storage tanks, spherical water storage tanks that require a large space, and buried water storage tanks can be used. Can not. Therefore, the water storage tank 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped straight body, and has a thin shape with a minimum width of 50 cm that can be installed between buildings.
As for the water spoilage of the corner portion, which is a problem with the square shape, the plurality of stirring bars 13 constantly flow the water inside, and the water is not stagnated and the spoilage is prevented. Inside the water tank, an adsorption decomposition layer 14 composed of porous ceramics, porous ceramics on which enzymes and bacteria are fixed, activated carbon, charcoal, etc. is installed, and water is decomposed and pumps and sprinkling water supply pipes are clogged. Caused organic substances and nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon,
Adsorbs and decomposes phosphoric acid, potassium, dust, dust, sand, etc.
As a result, only one layer has a small and thin shape, and it is possible to store water in a narrow space without spoiling rainwater.

The temperature sensor 15 installed on the surface of the porous ceramics starts and stops the pump 7, the sprinkler and the water spray port 10 such as the dripper which are interlocked with each other when the set temperature is reached, and prevents excessive water spray and insufficient water spray. To do. The sprinkled rainwater is retained in the porous ceramics 3, and the vaporization heat of the water evaporates to lower the rooftop surface temperature raised by direct sunlight as shown in FIG. 7. Then, the surplus water 11 at the time of watering is again stored in the water storage tank through the drainage layer, repeatedly circulated and repeatedly circulated to continuously lower the surface temperature, and it is easy to obtain the temperature drop of the indoor temperature and the cooling effect, which is comfortable. Create a living space.

Further, in FIG. 2, a biotope 16 inhabiting aquatic plants and moss is installed on an artificial ground surface such as a road or a pavement, a rooftop of a building, a veranda, a terrace, etc.
A temperature rise prevention system for plant absorption of proteins, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, etc. will be described. When the rainwater stored in the small thin water storage tank is sprinkled on the roof, water is supplied 19 to the biotope 16 installed on the roof and then sprinkled on the porous ceramics 3. When rainwater is stored and sprayed repeatedly, water tends to cause concentration of impurities such as proteins, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, which can cause clogging of the adsorption and decomposition layer inside the water storage tank at an early stage. A biotope 16 that absorbs impurities by the biological function of the plant is configured. In the biotope, organic chemical fibers 17 in the form of fibers, nets, woven cloth, or sponge are installed on the bottom surface, and aquatic plants, water moss, etc. inhabit as root beds and impurities contained in the water. Is absorbed as nutrients. As a result, impurities such as proteins, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in water are reduced, and it is possible to prevent concentration of rainwater by circulation and early clogging of the adsorption decomposition layer in the water storage tank.

[0032]

Example 2 In Example 2, referring to FIG. 3, all rainwater that falls on a veranda, terrace, etc. of a building is effectively used, and the rainwater is stored without draining the rainwater at once to sewer, A temperature rise prevention system that sprays water and continuously lowers the raised surface temperature will be described. First, the drainage layer 21 is provided on the surface of the balcony or terrace of the building, and the porous ceramics 22 is provided on the drainage layer 21. The rainwater that has rained is retained by the porous ceramics, and due to the heat of vaporization by evaporating the moisture, the surface temperature raised by direct sunlight is continuously lowered, and at the same time, it passes through the fine pores inside the porous ceramics. Drainage layer 21
, Drainage channel 23 and drain 24 depending on the water gradient on the surface.
To be collected. Rainwater that has passed through the porous ceramics is obtained by primary filtration of harmful substances, organic substances, dust, mud, sand, gravel, and the like. Rainwater collected in drain 24
It is stored through a drainage pipe 26 connected to a water storage tank 25 on the lower floor. The drainage pipe 2 is inserted into the water storage tank 25 at a portion where the drain pipe 26 is drained when the tank is full of water.
3 is again connected to the drain pipe 26 leading to the lower floor.
The water storage tank 25 has an internal structure similar to that of the first embodiment, and is installed mainly at the end portion of the veranda or terrace near the drain pipe. When the temperature sensor 27 installed on the surface of the porous ceramics 22 reaches the set temperature, the rainwater thus stored passes from the water storage tank through the sprinkler pipe by the pump or the pressurization valve 28, and from the sprinkler or dripper spout port 29. Watered. The sprinkled rainwater is retained and evaporated by the porous ceramics 22 again to lower the surface temperature, and at the same time, the rainwater that has passed through is drained from the drainage layer 2.
1, through the drainage port 23, the drain 24, and the drainage pipe 26, and circulates to the water storage tank 25 and sprinkling water.

In addition, in FIG. 4, in a building such as a condominium or a building having a number of floors, the temperature rise prevention system is connected from the rooftop to the veranda or terrace on each floor, so that the building temperature of the whole building is increased. To lower the indoor temperature continuously and effectively.

[0034]

[Embodiment 3] In Embodiment 3, referring to FIG. 5, all rainwater that falls on an artificial ground surface such as a road or a pavement is effectively used, and the rainwater that has rained is stored without draining it to sewer at once. A temperature rise prevention system that sprinkles water and continuously raises the surface temperature will be described. The porous ceramics 30 is installed on the surface of an artificial ground surface such as a pavement through which people and bicycles pass. Porous ceramics 30
Sand 31 and gravel 32 are in the lower layer, and roadbed 33 is in the lowest layer. The porous ceramics 30 absorbs the surface temperature increased by the heat of vaporization by retaining and evaporating rainwater or sprinkling water, and the retained water is also gradually vaporized, and if the temperature is continuously lowered by the heat of vaporization. At the same time, the surplus water passes through the inside of the porous ceramics 30 and temporarily filters organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon, phosphoric acid, potassium, dust, dust, sand and the like contained in the surplus water. The underdrain 34 in the gravel 32 collects and withdraws the water that has passed through the porous ceramics 30 and the sand, and the water flows into a drainage channel 35 connected to the underdrain 34 and is stored in a water storage tank 36. The layer of sand 31 and gravel 32 drains rainwater at the time of rainfall and surplus water at the time of water sprinkling, and prevents generation of mold and moss due to moisture remaining in the porous ceramics 30 for a long time. It is desirable that the total thickness of the sand 31 and the gravel 32 be 15 cm or more in order to sufficiently maintain the drainage function. The drainage function of the lower layer can prevent the growth of bacteria and moss peculiar to the material having a water retaining function and maintain its aesthetic appearance.Furthermore, even when the porous ceramics are in a dry state, the surface temperature can be changed by exchanging the temperature between the surface and the lower layer. Has a function of easily being maintained at a relatively constant temperature without a rapid temperature rise. Rainwater that has rained on artificial ground surfaces such as roads and parking lots has a ditch 37 due to the water gradient.
And collected in the drainage ditch 38, stored in the water storage tank 36 installed under the planting 39 and the curb 40, and sprayed on the artificial ground surface such as roads and pavements.

Inside the water storage tank, porous ceramics, porous ceramics on which enzymes and bacteria are fixed,
An adsorption decomposition layer 41 composed of activated carbon and charcoal is provided to adsorb and decompose organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. remaining in rainwater. Rainwater stored from artificial ground surfaces such as roads and pavements is particularly likely to contain oil, dust, mud, sand, gravel, etc. from vehicles, and the filter media installed at the inlet 42 and outlet 43 of the water storage tank Remove these impurities and prevent clogging of pumps, water supply pipes, sprinklers, and sprinklers. Further, the rainwater stored by the stirring rod 44 can be constantly stirred to prevent spoilage due to stagnation of water. As the water storage tank 36, the water storage tank of the first embodiment can be used, and by connecting it, it becomes possible to store a large amount of rainwater in a limited site area.

The rainwater stored in the water storage tank is pumped by the pump 45.
Is lifted up to the water supply pipe 46, passes through the water spray pipe 47 stretched over the artificial ground surface such as a roadway or a pavement, and is sprayed from a water spout 48 such as a sprinkler or a dripper.
The power source of the pump and the water sprinkler starts pumping up and water sprinkling when the temperature reaches the set temperature by the temperature sensor 49 provided on the surface of the porous ceramics, and stops when the temperature falls below a certain temperature to prevent excessive water sprinkling or water sprinkling. . The sprinkled rainwater is retained by the porous ceramics installed on the surface of the artificial ground surface such as roads and pavements, and the evaporation heat due to the evaporation of the water continuously lowers the surface temperature raised by direct sunlight. In addition, the water-retaining function of the porous ceramics causes a capillary phenomenon, and a water absorption area equal to the usual one can be obtained with the number of sprinkling ports and the amount of water less than half of the usual amount. Furthermore, if the lower layer of the porous ceramics is sand and the joints are also sand, it is possible to supply water over the entire surface just by sprinkling water from the end, and the amount of water that flows into the drain is small, so the amount of water is also small. Mu. Then, the surplus water at the time of sprinkling is collected in the drainage ditch or the underdrain, circulates to the water supply tank and the sprinkling, and continuously lowers the surface temperature as shown in FIG.

[0037]

[Embodiment 4] In Embodiment 4, by using FIG. 6, all rainwater that falls on an artificial ground surface such as a slope or a median strip is effectively used, and the rainwater that has rained is not drained to sewer at once. A temperature rise prevention system that stores water, sprinkles water, and continuously lowers the increased surface temperature will be described.
Slope 50 and median strip 51 covered with concrete
Install porous ceramics on the surface of the. In order to prevent the porous ceramics 52 from peeling off, the porous ceramics 52 is sandwiched between the stainless steel frames anchored and the back surface is adhesively fixed. The porous ceramics 52 deprives the surface temperature increased by the heat of vaporization by retaining and evaporating rainwater or sprinkling water, and the retained water is gradually vaporized and the temperature drop by the heat of vaporization is continuously performed. At the same time, the surplus water passes through the inside of the porous ceramics 52, and temporarily filters the organic substances and nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon, phosphoric acid, potassium, dust, dust, sand and the like contained in the surplus water. The water that has passed through the porous ceramics 52 flows into the drain groove 53 and is stored in the water storage tank 56. Even in the dry state, the porous ceramic has a function of easily keeping the surface temperature at a relatively constant temperature without causing a rapid temperature rise due to the temperature exchange between the surface and the lower layer portion. Rainwater that has rained on slopes, medians, and roads is collected in gutters 55 and drains 53 due to the water gradient, and is stored in plantation, curb, and water storage tank 56 installed in the lower layer of drains 53. 50 or the median strip 51.

Inside the water storage tank, porous ceramics, porous ceramics on which enzymes and bacteria are fixed,
An adsorption decomposition layer 57 composed of activated carbon and charcoal is provided, and adsorbs and decomposes organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, carbon, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. remaining in rainwater. Rainwater stored from artificial ground surfaces such as slopes, medians, and roadways is particularly liable to contain oil, dust, mud, sand, gravel, etc. The installed filter media removes these impurities and prevents clogging of pumps, water pipes, sprinklers and sprinklers. Also, the stirring bar 60
It is possible to constantly stir the rainwater stored in to prevent spoilage due to stagnation of water. The water storage tank of the first embodiment can be used as this water storage tank, and a large amount of rainwater can be stored in a limited site area by connection.

The rainwater stored in the water storage tank 56 is lifted up to the water supply pipe 62 by the pump 61, passes through the water spray pipe 63 stretched over the slope and the median strip, and is sprayed from the water spout 64 such as a sprinkler or a dripper. To do. The power source for pumping and water sprinkling is connected to a temperature sensor 65 provided on the surface of the porous ceramics. When the temperature reaches a set temperature, pump up or water sprinkling starts, and when the temperature falls below a certain temperature, it stops and excessive water sprinkling or water sprinkling occurs. Prevent shortages. The sprinkled rainwater is retained by the porous ceramics 52 provided on the slope 50 and the surface of the central separation zone 51, and the vaporization heat due to the evaporation of the moisture continuously lowers the surface temperature raised by the direct sunlight. In addition, the water-retaining function of the porous ceramics causes a capillary phenomenon, and a water absorption area equal to the usual one can be obtained with the number of sprinkling ports and the amount of water less than half of the usual amount. Furthermore, if the porous ceramics are not provided with joints, the entire surface can be watered simply by sprinkling water from the end, and the amount of water that flows into the drain is small, so the amount of water sprinkling is also small. Then, the excess water at the time of watering is collected in the drainage ditch and the underdrain, and circulates to the water supply tank and watering to continuously lower the surface temperature.

[0040]

The present invention is constructed as described above and has the following effects. The present invention is to raise the surface temperature of an elevated road or slope, median strip, artificial ground surface such as pavement, rooftop of a building, veranda, terrace, etc. due to direct sunlight when the porous structure ceramics installed on the surface is raining. It retains rainwater and sprinkled stored rainwater, and evaporates the water to keep vaporization heat down, which is difficult to obtain with concrete, asphalt, and waterproof layers. On the artificial ground surface, lowering the surface temperature raised by direct sunlight suppresses radiant heat, reflected light, and reflected heat, and prevents burnout of plants such as roadside trees, driveways and sidewalks, and parks. At the same time, it will be possible to create cool sidewalks, parks, towns, etc. where people and flora and fauna can be enjoyed easily. Further, the temperature drop on the rooftop and the balcony also lowers the building body temperature, so that the cooling effect is easily obtained and the cooling usage amount is also reduced. Especially, since the heat of the building is not easily escaped to the outside due to the recent highly airtight and highly insulating construction method, the cooling of the operating temperature not only makes it easier to obtain the cooling effect, but also provides a healthy and comfortable living space. Will be things. And these effects have the effect of suppressing the heat island phenomenon which is a problem in the urban space.

By suppressing reflection, reflected heat and radiant heat according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent plants from burning out or drought in rooftop gardening, gardening, landscaping, etc. It creates an environmental base.

On highways and roads, slopes and median strips have been greened, but due to reflections from concrete and asphalt, radiant heat, and reflected heat,
There are problems such as burnout of plants, and the present invention provides these problems in a greenable environment by lowering the surface temperature.

Further, regarding the reservoir and the sprinkler,
The water storage tank with a more internal structure can save the facility and the rainwater, which is a natural resource, can be used for sprinkling, so that the initial cost and running cost can be reduced. At the same time, by making the rainwater tank that stores rainwater small and thin, it is possible to equip general homes and low- and middle-rise buildings where there is no room in the site area. In addition, the present invention continuously lowers the temperature equal to or higher than rooftop greening, which is performed as an effective means for suppressing the heat island phenomenon, and further eliminates a load and a high cost that are problems in rooftop greening, and reduces It can be provided with load and low cost.

Furthermore, when water is needed in the event of a disaster such as a fire or an earthquake, the drain port below the water storage tank serves as an emergency water source, and can be used as emergency drinking water by using a commercially available purification device. Is.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on the roof of a building.

[Fig. 2] is a schematic configuration diagram in which a biotope is installed in a temperature rise prevention system installed on the roof of a building,

[Fig. 3] is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on a balcony or terrace of a building,

[Fig. 4] is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise prevention system installed on the rooftop, veranda, and terrace of the building.

[Fig. 5] is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on an artificial ground surface such as a road or pavement

[Fig. 6] is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature rise prevention system installed on an artificial ground surface such as a slope or a median strip.

[Figure 7] is a temperature comparison diagram on the rooftop of a building

[Figure 8] is a temperature comparison chart of artificial ground surface of pavement

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Concrete, mortar, waterproof mortar, waterproof layer, etc. 2,21 Drainage layer 3, 22, 30, 52 Porous ceramics 4, 26 Drain pipe 5, 25, 36, 56 Water storage tank 6 Piping 7, 28, 45, 61 Pump 9 Sprinkling pipes 10, 29, 48, 64 Sprinkling port 11 Excess water 12, 23 Draining port 13, 44, 60 Stirring sum 14, 41, 57 Adsorption decomposition layer 15, 27, 49, 65 Temperature sensor 16 Biotope 17 Organic chemistry Fiber 18 Water plants and moss 19 Water supply 20 Water sprinkling 23, 38, 53 Drain 24 Drain 31 Sand 32 Gravel 33 Roadbed 37, 55 Gutter 39 Plant 40 Curb 42, 58 Inlet 43, 59 Outlet 46, 62 Water supply pipe 47, 63 Water sprinkling pipe 50 Slope 51 Median strip

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 2D051 AA02 AA03 AA05 AB03 AC11                       AE03 AF01 AF02 AF03 AF07                       AF10 AF12 AF17 AG01 AG13                       AG15 AG16 AG18 AH01 AH02                       DA01 DC09                 2E001 DA02 DD01 FA18 GA08 HE10

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Effective use of all rainwater that falls on roads, slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc., and drains the rainwater that has rained to sewer at a stretch A temperature rise prevention system characterized by continuously storing rainwater, spraying water on the surface, and continuously lowering the surface temperature raised by direct sunlight. 2. The surface temperature can be controlled with a small amount of water by water retention and evaporation of porous ceramics left on the surface of roads, slopes, medians, pavements and other artificial ground surfaces, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc. A temperature rise prevention system characterized by continuously dropping water, passing excess water through primary filtration and draining it, and preventing moss and mold from growing due to contact with water. 3. A single layer of a combination of a septic tank and a water tank in which rainwater that falls on roads, slopes, medians, artificial ground surfaces such as pavements, rooftops of buildings, balconies, terraces, etc. is eliminated, and a septic tank and a water tank are combined. A temperature rise prevention system characterized by being stored in a water storage tank consisting of only one, and being stored in a limited area such as general houses and low and middle-rise buildings. 4. To prevent excessive watering or insufficient watering by detecting that the surface temperature of the porous ceramics is above a set temperature and starting pump-up or watering, and conversely stopping when it falls below a certain temperature. Temperature rise prevention system featuring. 5. When water circulates, organic substances, nitrogen compounds, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. contained in the water are concentrated to cause clogging of the adsorption / decomposition layer in the water distribution pipe, water sprinkling pipe, sprinkling port, and tank. In order to become, the biotope absorbs nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc. in water by the ecological function of the plant.