JP2003097414A - Operation control method for wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation control method for a wind power generator allowing the installation of comparatively a large wind power generator in the vicinity of a city area and capable of greatly promoting the introduction and the spread of the wind power generator while suppressing the influence on an economical property to the minimum extent. SOLUTION: Each of the maximum allowance value of a noise power level of the wind power generation device is computed from a noise reference value per area based on the noise reference value set in each of a plurality of areas in the vicinity of an installation position of at least the wind power generator and a horizontal distance from the installation position to each area. The number of revolutions of a rotor of the wind power generator is controlled so that the noise power level generated actually from the wind power generator is below the minimum value based on the minimum value among a plurality of maximum allowance values computed per area.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling the operation of a wind power generator, and more particularly to the operation control of the wind power generator so as to satisfy the noise reference values respectively set in a plurality of regions around the installation position of the wind power generator. The present invention relates to an operation control method for controlling a wind power generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, wind power generators have become popular as pollution-free generators. In a wind power generator, a nacelle 52 accommodating a generator or the like is rotatably attached to an upper end of a tower 51, and a hub 53 and a blade 54 are attached to the nacelle 52, as shown in a horizontal axis type schematic configuration in FIG. In particular, in a large wind power generator, the pitch angle of the blades 54 is variable to increase the starting torque and to rotate in accordance with the wind speed. The number of blades is controlled and the blade 5
Feathering that makes 4 parallel to the wind direction is controlled to reduce the output.

[0003]

However, in the operation control of the conventional wind power generator, the rotation speed is controlled so that the target output can be obtained with respect to the wind speed regardless of day or night. That is, the rotation speed is controlled so that the maximum efficiency is obtained below the rated wind speed, and the rotation speed is controlled so as to maintain the rated output above the rated wind speed.

On the other hand, when installing a wind power generator, it is necessary to satisfy various environmental conditions, and noise is one of the most important environmental conditions. Most of the noise in this wind power generator is the aerodynamic noise of the blade caused by the rotation of the blade, and the noise power level (dB) is the peripheral speed of the rotor, that is, the rotation speed (rpm).
Heavily depends on. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the noise power level is substantially proportional to the rotor rotation speed. Note that FIG.
Shows the relationship between the rotor rotational speed and the noise power level of a wind power generator having a rotor with a diameter of 22 m.

On the other hand, the permissible noise level is set to a standard value for each area such as a residential area or an industrial area. However, the noise standard value is generally set to be stricter at night than at daytime. For example, it is set strictly as 10 dB.

For this reason, if a relatively large wind power generator is installed near the city area, there are cases where the noise reference value is not satisfied at night even if the noise reference value is satisfied in all areas in the daytime. .

As a countermeasure against this, it is considered that the operation is stopped only at night, or a small wind power generator in which noise is not a problem is installed in place of the large wind power generator. However, this will hinder the introduction and dissemination of wind power generators, as their impact on economic efficiency will increase.

Therefore, an object of the present invention made in view of the above points is to minimize the influence on the economical efficiency.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind power generator operation control method capable of installing a relatively large wind power generator in the vicinity of an urban area or the like and greatly promoting the introduction and spread of the wind power generator.

[0009]

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation control method for a wind power generator, which achieves the above object, wherein a noise standard set in at least a plurality of regions around the installation position of the wind power generator. Based on the value and the horizontal distance from the installation position to each area, the allowable maximum value of the noise power level of the wind power generator is calculated from the noise reference value for each area, and a plurality of values are calculated for each area. Based on the minimum value of the maximum allowable value of, so that the noise power level actually generated from the wind power generator is below the minimum value,
It is characterized in that the rotor speed of the wind power generator is controlled.

According to the invention of claim 1, the permissible maximum value of the noise power level that can be generated by the wind power generator is calculated for each region, and the wind power generator actually generates it based on the minimum value of the permissible maximum values. Since the rotor speed is controlled so that the generated noise power level is equal to or less than the above-mentioned minimum value, it is possible to always satisfy the noise reference value at the same time in all areas around the installation position. Therefore, it is possible to install a large wind power generator in the vicinity of the city without stopping the operation at night, etc., so that it is possible to minimize the impact on economic efficiency and to introduce and popularize the wind power generator. It is possible to greatly promote.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the operation control method of the wind power generator according to the first aspect, the wind direction and the wind speed at the installation position of the wind power generator are detected, and the wind power generator emits for each area. When calculating the permissible maximum value of the noise power level to be obtained, based on the detected wind direction and wind speed information, the noise reference value set for the area is strictly corrected in the leeward area, and the noise reference value is set in the upwind area. The feature is that the noise reference value set in the area is corrected so as to be relaxed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the noise reference value is strictly corrected in the leeward region, and the noise reference value is corrected in the upwind region so as to be relaxed so that the noise generated by the wind power generator in each region. By calculating the maximum allowable power level, the rotor speed can be controlled more efficiently while maintaining the noise reference value set in each region more reliably.
It is possible to further suppress the decrease in the amount of power generation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator operation control method according to the first or second aspect, the rotor rotation speed is controlled by controlling the pitch angle of the blade of the wind turbine generator based on the minimum value. It is characterized by controlling.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the rotor speed can be continuously controlled by controlling the pitch angle of the blades, so that the noise power level actually generated from the wind power generator is always at the above minimum value. The rotor speed can be controlled with good efficiency, and the decrease in the amount of power generation can be further reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the operation control method of the wind power generator according to the first or second aspect, the number of poles of the wind power generator is switched based on the minimum value to control the rotor speed. Is characterized by.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the number of poles of the wind power generator is switched to control the rotor rotation speed. Therefore, the rotor rotation speed due to the switching of the number of poles is set to the noise reference value at the same time in all regions in the daytime. It is possible to set two types of rotor speed, which is faster to meet, and slower rotor speed, which meets the noise reference value at the same time in all areas at night when the noise reference value becomes severe, depending on the time of day and night. By switching to the number of poles that provides the corresponding rotor speed, it is possible to easily control the rotor speed to satisfy the noise reference value.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the operation control method for a wind turbine generator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an operation control device, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining its operation. A flow chart, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing attenuation characteristics of noise generated from a wind power generator with a rotor rotation speed (rpm) as a parameter.

In this embodiment, the operation of the wind power generator 1 having the same structure as that shown in FIG. 5 is remotely controlled.
Has a regional information memory 3, a clock 4, and an arithmetic control circuit 5.

The regional information memory 3 stores regional information including horizontal distances from the installation position in each region located around the installation position of the wind power generator 1 and noise reference values for daytime and nighttime, The area information is supplied to the arithmetic and control circuit 5. Further, the clock 4 supplies time information representing the current time to the arithmetic control circuit 5.

In the arithmetic control circuit 5, all areas in the current time zone (daytime or nighttime) are based on required information including area information stored in the area information memory 3 and time information from the clock 4. Calculates the maximum allowable rotation speed of the rotor that simultaneously satisfies the noise reference value, and controls the rotor rotation speed of the wind power generator 1 based on the calculated maximum allowable rotation speed.

Here, the control of the rotor rotation speed by the arithmetic control circuit 5 is performed, for example, when the wind power generator 1 is capable of continuously variably controlling the rotation speed of the rotor by controlling the pitch angle of the blades. The pitch angle of the blade is controlled so that the maximum number of rotations is allowed. Therefore,
In this case, the rotor rotation speed can be controlled so as to always be the calculated maximum allowable rotation speed, so that the wind power generator 1 can be efficiently operated and controlled, and the decrease in the power generation amount can be suppressed to the minimum.

Further, when the wind power generator 1 can set a plurality of types of rotor rotation speeds by switching the number of generator poles, the rotor rotation speed should be within the calculated allowable maximum rotation speed. Switch the number of generator poles. In this case, the rotor rotation speed by switching the number of poles is, for example, the faster rotor rotation speed that simultaneously satisfies the noise reference value in all areas in the daytime, and the noise reference value in all areas simultaneously in the night when the noise reference value becomes severe. The rotor speed that satisfies the noise reference value is set by setting two types, the slower rotor speed that satisfies the value, and switching to the pole number that gives the corresponding rotor speed according to the time of day and night. It can be controlled easily.

Next, an example of processing in the arithmetic control circuit 5 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, based on the required information including the regional information stored in the regional information memory 3 and the time information from the clock 4, the wind power generator 1 in the current time zone (daytime or nighttime) for each region. Calculates an allowable maximum value of the noise power level that can be generated by (step S1).

That is, the noise generated by the wind power generator 1 is as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 5, the sound pressure level decreases as the distance from the installation position of the wind power generator 1 decreases. Therefore, for each region, the horizontal distance from the installation position of the wind power generator 1, the noise reference value in the current time zone in the region, and Based on the attenuation characteristic of the noise generated by the wind power generator 1, the allowable maximum value of the noise power level at which the noise generated by the wind power generator 1 becomes the noise reference value in the area is calculated.

FIG. 3 shows the attenuation characteristics of noise generated when a wind power generator having a rotor having a diameter of 22 m is rotated at 60 rpm and 48 rpm, respectively.

Wind generator 1 in the current time zone for each region
If you find the maximum allowable noise power level that
Next, the minimum value of those allowable maximum values, that is, the noise power level at which all areas simultaneously satisfy the noise reference value is obtained (step S2).

Thereafter, based on the minimum value, the allowable maximum rotation speed of the corresponding rotor is obtained from the relationship between the rotor rotation speed and the noise power level shown in FIG. 6 (step S3),
The rotor rotation speed of the wind power generator 1 is controlled based on the allowable maximum rotation speed (step S4).

As described above, in the present embodiment, in each of the daytime and the nighttime, the noise power level generated from the wind power generator 1 for each area is a noise power level that is a noise reference value in the area. Each maximum value is calculated to find the minimum value of the maximum allowable values, that is, the minimum value of the noise power level that simultaneously satisfies the noise reference value in all areas, and the maximum allowable rotation speed of the rotor corresponding to that minimum value. Since the rotor speed of the wind power generator 1 is controlled based on the above, it is possible to install a large wind power generator 1 in the vicinity of an urban area and operate it at night. Therefore,
The economic impact can be minimized, and the introduction and diffusion of wind power generators can be greatly promoted.

For example, the noise reference value in the daytime is 50
When a wind power generator having the damping characteristic shown in FIG. 3 is installed in the vicinity of a residential area having a noise reference value of 40 (dB) at (dB) at night, this wind power generator is used as a conventional day and night. Regardless of whether the rotor is operated at a rotor speed of 60 rpm, the horizontal distance from the installation position that satisfies the noise reference value is 50 m in the daytime and 140 m in the night, so the horizontal distance from the residential area is 140 m or more. Wind power generators will have to be installed in place.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, if the rotor rotational speed is switched to, for example, 60 rpm in the daytime and 48 rpm in the nighttime by switching the number of poles of the generator, the operation of the wind power generator is controlled. The horizontal distance from the installation position that satisfies the above condition is 50 m both day and night, and the wind power generator can be installed at a position that is 50 m or more apart horizontally from the residential area.
%, And the area where it can be installed can be greatly expanded. The annual total power generation in this case is 175 MWh (assuming a utilization rate of 20%) when operating at a rotor speed of 60 rpm regardless of day and night.
Then, it becomes 158 MWh, which can be reduced by about 10%, so the effect is small.

In the present embodiment, as described above, once each rotor rotation speed in each of the daytime and nighttime time zones is set, thereafter, the rotor rotation speed according to the set time zone is set. The operation of the wind power generator 1 may be controlled.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the operation control apparatus which implements the operation control method of the wind power generator by embodiment.

In this embodiment, in the first embodiment, the wind power generator 1 is provided with the wind direction and anemometer 11 to detect the wind direction and the wind speed at the installation position, and the detected wind direction and wind speed information is used as the operation control device. 2 in the calculation control circuit 5, and when calculating the allowable maximum value of the noise power level generated by the wind power generator 1 for each region in step S1 of FIG. 2, the leeward region is based on the detected wind direction and wind speed information. Then, the noise reference value set in the area is strictly corrected, and in the upwind area, the noise reference value set in the area is relaxed, and other configurations and operations are This is the same as in the first embodiment.

In this way, when calculating the allowable maximum value of the noise power level that can be generated by the wind power generator 1 for each region, the wind direction and wind speed at the installation position of the wind power generator 1 are taken into consideration in the leeward region. If the noise reference value is strictly corrected and the noise reference value is relaxed in windward areas, the noise reference value set in each area can be maintained more reliably while the rotor speed is improved more efficiently. It can be controlled, and the decrease in the amount of power generation can be further reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the present invention can be applied not only to the horizontal axis type wind power generator but also to the operation control of the vertical axis type wind power generator. In the above embodiment, the arithmetic and control unit 2
Although the above is provided outside to remotely control the operation of the wind power generator 1, the operation control device 2 may be incorporated into the wind power generator 1 to control the operation.

[0038]

According to the present invention described above, the allowable maximum value of the noise power level that can be generated by the wind power generator is calculated for each region, and the noise power level actually generated from the wind power generator is calculated as the allowable maximum value. Since the rotor speed was controlled so that it would be below the minimum value among the values, a large wind power generator was installed near the urban area, etc., while simultaneously satisfying the noise reference value in all the surrounding areas at the same time. You can drive. Therefore, the influence on the economical efficiency can be minimized, and the introduction and spread of the wind power generator can be greatly promoted.

Further, when the wind direction and wind speed at the installation position of the wind power generator are detected, and the allowable maximum value of the noise power level that the wind power generator can emit for each region is calculated based on the detected wind direction and wind speed information. In addition, by strictly correcting the noise reference value in the leeward area and relaxing it in the leeward area, the noise reference value set in each area can be maintained more reliably. However, the rotor speed can be controlled more efficiently, and the decrease in the amount of power generation can be further suppressed.

Further, if the rotor speed is controlled by the pitch angle, the rotor speed can always be controlled to an allowable maximum speed that simultaneously satisfies the noise reference value of each region, so that the wind power generator can be efficiently operated and controlled, and power generation can be performed. The decrease in quantity can be minimized. Further, if the rotor rotation speed is controlled by switching the number of poles of the wind power generator, the control can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an operation control device for carrying out an operation control method for a wind turbine generator according to a first embodiment of an operation control method for a wind turbine generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing attenuation characteristics of noise generated from a wind power generator.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an operation control device that implements an operation control method for a wind turbine generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an external view showing an example of a wind power generator that can implement the operation control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotor speed of a wind power generator and a noise power level.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 wind power generator 2 Operation control device 3 area information memory 4 clock 5 Operation control circuit 11 Wind direction and anemometer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A noise reference value for each area based on a noise reference value set in each of a plurality of areas around the installation position of the wind power generator and a horizontal distance from the installation position to each of the areas. The noise power level actually generated from the wind power generator is calculated based on the minimum value among the plurality of allowable maximum values calculated for each area by calculating the maximum allowable noise power level of the wind power generator. The wind turbine generator operation control method is characterized in that the rotor rotational speed of the wind turbine generator is controlled so that is less than or equal to the minimum value. 2. The wind direction and wind speed detected at the time of detecting the wind direction and wind speed at the installation position of the wind power generator and calculating the allowable maximum value of the noise power level that the wind power generator can emit for each region. Based on the information, in the leeward area, the noise reference value set in the area is strictly corrected, and in the upwind area, the noise reference value set in the area is corrected to be relaxed. Claim 1
The operation control method of the wind power generator according to. 3. The operation control method for the wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotor rotation speed is controlled by controlling the pitch angle of the blade of the wind power generator based on the minimum value. . 4. The operation control method for a wind power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of poles of the wind power generator is switched based on the minimum value to control the rotor rotation speed.