JP2003095179A - Electrically assisted bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrically assisted bicycle with a control part built inside a hub driving part by devising the arrangement and construction of brushes and a control board in a hub casing. SOLUTION: Brushes 35, 35 are arranged on two positive and negative poles at an angle of 90 deg. around an axle 7 inside the side disc surface of a fixed casing 22 for a motor. A portion of the fixed casing 22 is opened and terminal plates 36 of the brushes are exposed to the outside. Brass conductive parts 37 and insulating parts 38 are alternately arranged on the surface of a terminal plate 43, terminal parts 39, 39 are provided on the conductive parts 37, 37 and terminals of feeders 40, 40 for feeding power to the brushes 35, 35 are screwed and fixed thereto. Another regions than a region where the brushes are arranged contains the side disc surface of the fixed casing 22 being stepped down to form a region 41 for the control part. The region 41 for the control part contains a board case 23 for casing the motor control board (not illustrated), and a plurality of control parts 42.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrically assisted bicycle that assists human driving force with a motor driving force.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, both a human-powered driving unit driven by human power and an electric driving unit driven by a motor are provided, and the motor is driven according to the magnitude of the human-powered driving force. Electric bicycles, which are so-called electric-assisted bicycles, are gaining popularity.

Such an electrically assisted bicycle is generally of the rear wheel drive type. Hereinafter, an example of the electrically assisted bicycle will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of an assisted bicycle, in which a battery 2 is installed under a front basket 1 of the assisted bicycle body, and a rear wheel hub 3 is provided.
The motor drive is built in and installed. The pedal force applied by a person is transmitted to the human power input section of the rear wheel drive section via the pedal 4, the crank 5, and the chain 6.

Then, depending on the magnitude of the torque due to human power, at a ratio of 1: 1 up to 15 km / h, the speed is 15 km / h.
When the speed exceeds 24 km / h, the driving force of the motor drive unit is changed by gradually decreasing to 0, and the force of the human power is assisted by the force of the motor drive unit to run.

The structure of the drive unit built in the conventional rear wheel hub casing is shown in the side plan half sectional view of FIG. The configuration of the rear wheel drive unit is roughly divided into a hub casing 21 that serves as a rotating side casing that rotates in conjunction with the rear wheels, and a motor cover 28 that is fixed to the assist bicycle body. Spokes are installed.

In the hub casing of the rear wheel, a human power input section 8 consisting of a sprocket mounted on an axle 7 divided into two parts on the left and right, a transmission 9 incorporating a planetary gear (not shown), a stator yoke of a motor. 24 and a brush 34 are provided, the fixed side casing 22 fixed to the axle 7 as a whole, the rotor 27 fixed to the motor shaft arranged inside the stator yoke 24, and the rotational force of the rotor 27 is transmitted to the hub casing 21. A speed reducer including a planetary gear 30 and a brush 35 are built in.

A human power input section 8, a transmission 9, a speed reducer including a planetary gear 30, a motor, and a brush 35 are arranged in this order along the axle 7. The brush 35 has two positive and negative poles facing each other at a position of 180 degrees. Furthermore,
A brake is arranged in the fixed casing 22 at the other end of the axle 7.

The pedaling force input from the human power input unit 8 mounted on the axle 7 is arbitrarily selected by the driver as a two-speed shift by a transmission 9 having a planetary gear built therein, and the hub casing 2
1 is transmitted.

The cylindrical stator yoke 24 is sandwiched and held by the left and right motor covers 28 fixed to the axles 7 at the center of the hub casing 21, respectively. A magnet 26 is attached to the stator yoke 24, and a rotor 27 is rotatably disposed inside the magnet 26. Power is supplied to the armature winding of the rotor 27 from the brush 35 via a commutator (not shown). The rotational force is transmitted to the hub casing 21 via the speed reducer including the planetary gear 30.

One of the planetary gears 30 is directly instructed to the left motor cover 28, and the other of the planetary gears 30 is fixed to the left motor cover 28 by a screw 25 via a fixing plate 32. A gear at one end of a rotatable motor shaft to which a rotor 27 is fixed is engaged with a planetary gear 30, and the planetary gear 30 is an external gear 31 fixed to a hub casing 21.
Engage with the external gear 31 to reduce the rotational force of the rotor 27.
Is transmitted to the hub casing 21 via the free clutch 34 at the outer peripheral portion of.

A brake is provided at one end in the axial direction opposite to the human power input section, and a wire (not shown) is pulled by operating a brake lever of a handle, and a brake pad 19 and a hub casing 21 are pulled in a brake case 20. The desired braking force can be obtained by controlling the pressure.

[0012]

However, if the transmission, the motor, and the speed reducer are arranged on the same straight line as the axle as in the hub drive apparatus having such a structure, it is possible to reduce the size in the radial direction. However, if the control unit is incorporated into the hub casing, the size of the axle increases in the axial direction. Therefore, the control unit is usually arranged at another position outside the hub casing. However, for convenience of mounting the hub drive unit on the bicycle, it has been desired that the control unit be built inside the hub drive unit. Therefore, the present invention, by devising the configuration and arrangement of the brush and the control unit installed in the hub casing,
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrically assisted bicycle equipped with a hub drive device that has a control unit built inside a hub drive unit and is small and lightweight.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, an electrically assisted bicycle according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
In an electrically assisted bicycle having a human-powered drive unit that transmits a human-powered drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel and an electric drive unit that uses a motor as a drive source for the rear wheel unit, the drive unit is arranged in a hub casing of the rear wheel. The drive unit incorporates a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a control board, and a brush of the motor along the axle, and the brush and the control board are arranged on the side surface of the stationary casing.

Accordingly, in the electrically assisted bicycle of the present invention, the side surface of the fixed casing can be used to reduce the size of the hub drive device in the axial direction, and the control unit is built in the hub drive unit. be able to. Further, since the harness can be simplified and the power supply line from the control board to the brush can be shortened, noise can be reduced and assembly can be simplified.

An electrically assisted bicycle according to claim 2 of the present invention has an electric drive unit having a human power drive unit for transmitting a human power drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel, and an electric drive unit having a motor as a drive source for the rear wheel unit. In an assisted bicycle, a drive unit is arranged in a hub casing of a rear wheel, and the drive unit incorporates a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a control board, and a motor brush along an axle, and the brush and the control board are fixed. The side casings are arranged on the concentric circles of the side disk surface.

An electrically assisted bicycle according to a third aspect of the present invention is an electric powered bicycle having a human power drive unit for transmitting a human power drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel, and an electric drive unit for a rear wheel unit using a motor as a drive source. In an assisted bicycle, a drive unit is arranged in a hub casing of a rear wheel, and the drive unit is provided on one side region of a fixed casing that is integral with an axle that holds a stator yoke of a motor in the hub casing, a torque sensor, a control board,
The motor brushes are arranged centrally along the axle.

As a result, in the electric assisted bicycle of the present invention, the arrangement of members is concentrated in one side region of the fixed casing that is integral with the axle that holds the stator yoke in the hub casing, and the side disk surface of the fixed casing is used. As a result, the hub drive device can be downsized in the axle direction, and the control unit can be built in the hub drive unit.
Further, since the harness can be simplified and the power supply line from the control board to the brush can be shortened, noise can be reduced and assembly can be simplified.

An electrically assisted bicycle according to a fourth aspect of the present invention has an electric drive unit having a human power drive unit for transmitting a human power drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel, and an electric drive unit having a motor as a drive source for the rear wheel unit. In an assisted bicycle, a drive unit is arranged in a hub casing of a rear wheel, and the drive unit incorporates a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a control board, and a motor brush along an axle, and the brush and the control board are fixed. The torque sensor is arranged on the concentric circles of the side disk surface of the side casing, or the drive unit has a torque sensor in one side area of the fixed side casing that is integral with the axle that holds the stator yoke of the motor in the hub casing.
Control boards and motor brushes are centrally arranged along the axle,
The brushes are attached to each other on the side disk surface of the fixed side casing.
It was arranged to be placed at an angle of 0 degree.

As a result, in the electric assisted bicycle of the present invention, the arrangement of members is concentrated in one side region of the fixed casing that is integral with the axle that holds the stator yoke in the hub casing, and the side disk surface of the fixed casing is used. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size of the hub drive device in the axial direction, and it is possible to incorporate the control unit inside the hub drive unit.
Also, since the brushes are arranged on the side disk surface of the fixed side casing at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, it is possible to secure a large board area for the control section, simplify the harness, and connect the power supply line from the control board to the brush. Since it can be shortened, noise can be reduced and assembly can be simplified.

An electrically assisted bicycle according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is an electric powered bicycle having a human power drive section for transmitting a human power drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel, and an electric drive section having a motor as a drive source for the rear wheel section. In an assisted bicycle, a drive unit is arranged in a hub casing of a rear wheel, and the drive unit incorporates a motor, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a control board, and a motor brush along an axle, and the brush and the control board are fixed. The torque sensor is arranged on the concentric circles of the side disk surface of the side casing, or the drive unit has a torque sensor in one side area of the fixed side casing that is integral with the axle that holds the stator yoke of the motor in the hub casing.
Control boards and motor brushes are centrally arranged along the axle,
The brushes are attached to each other on the side disk surface of the fixed side casing.
The brush is arranged at an angle of 0 degree, and power is supplied to the brush through the terminals of the conductive portion of the terminal plate, which is disposed on the side disk surface of the stationary casing and in which the conductive portion and the insulating portion are alternately provided.

As a result, in the electrically assisted bicycle of the present invention, the brushes are attached to the side disk surface of the fixed side casing 9 each other.
Since it is arranged at an angle of 0 degree, it is possible to secure a large board area for the control section, and it is possible to simplify the terminal board and simplify the harness and shorten the power supply line from the control board to the brush. Can be reduced and the assembling can be simplified.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the electric power assisted bicycle according to the first to fifth aspects, power is supplied to the terminal plate of the brush through a power supply line attached to the control board. did.

As a result, the power supply line from the terminal plate of the brush can be attached well and connected to the external power supply line common to the power source of the control unit to shorten the power supply line from the control board to the brush. Can be reduced and the assembling can be simplified.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An electrically assisted bicycle of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Since the overall view of the electrically assisted bicycle is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, the description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 2 is a side plan half cross-sectional view of the structure of the drive unit built in the rear wheel hub.

The structure of the rear wheel drive unit is roughly divided into a hub casing 21 that serves as a rotating side casing that rotates in conjunction with the rear wheels, and an assist bicycle body that includes a fixed side casing 22 integrated with an axle. Bicycle spokes are mounted around the.

At the hub of the rear wheels, a human power input portion 8 composed of a sprocket mounted on the axle 7, a transmission 9 incorporating a planetary gear (not shown), a torque sensor 10, a motor stator yoke 24 and a brush 35. And a rotor 2 fixed to the motor shaft arranged inside the stator yoke 24.
7. A reduction gear consisting of a planetary gear 30 for transmitting the rotational force of the rotor 27 to the hub casing 21 is built in, and the fixed casing 22 is fixed with a substrate case 23 for housing a motor control circuit. A brake is arranged in the fixed casing 22 at the other end of the axle 7.

The torque sensor 10 comprises a cam portion 17 fixed to a torque sensor casing 12, an arm portion 18, an aluminum ring member 13, a key portion, a spring 16 and a coil 14.

The pedaling force input from the human power input unit 8 mounted on the axle 7 is arbitrarily selected by the driver as a two-speed shift by a transmission 9 having a planetary gear built therein.
0 to casing 12. This casing 12
As shown in FIG. 3, the spring 11 is built in the
It is transmitted via the pressing piece 15 and the spring 11 to the hub casing 21 in which the pin which is the pressed portion is integrated.

At this time, a phase difference occurs between the torque sensor casing 12 and the hub casing 21 depending on the pedaling force. By converting this phase difference into movement in the axial direction and operating the ring member 13 at the inner peripheral portion of the coil 14 of the coil bobbin fixed to the fixed casing 22 according to the pedaling force, the inductance of the coil 14 changes, This change is detected by the control unit arranged on the side disk surface of the fixed casing 22 to detect the pedaling force of human power.

The stator yoke 24 of the motor is held in the center of the hub casing 21 by being sandwiched by screws 24 by the left and right fixed casings 22 integrated with the axles 7, respectively.
The motor cover 28 is fixed to the right fixed casing 22 with a screw 29. A magnet 26 is attached to the stator yoke 24, and a rotor 27 is rotatably disposed inside the magnet 26. Power is supplied to the armature winding of the rotor 27 from the brush 35 via a commutator (not shown). The rotational force is transmitted to the hub casing 21 via a speed reducer including a planetary gear device.

The planetary gear device serving as a speed reducer comprises an external gear 31 and three planetary gears 30 in a hub casing 21, one of the planetary gears 30 being the planetary gear carrier 3
6 is held by a motor cover 28 which also serves as 6 and the other is held by a planetary gear plate 32. A pinion gear 33 is formed at one end of a rotatable motor shaft to which a rotor 27 is fixed and which is engaged with the planetary gear 30. Further, the planetary gear 30 engages with the external gear 31 fixed to the hub casing 21 to reduce the rotational force of the rotor 27, and the outer casing of the internal gear 31 via the free clutch 34 through the hub casing 21. Communicate to.

A brake is provided at one end in the axial direction opposite to the human power input section, and a wire (not shown) is pulled by operating the brake lever of the handle, and the brake pad 19 and the hub casing 21 are pulled in the brake case 20. The desired braking force can be obtained by pressing the inner surface of the.

In the present invention, in order to mount the control unit inside the hub drive unit for the convenience of mounting the hub drive unit on the bicycle, the structure and arrangement of the brush and the control unit installed in the hub casing are devised. Next, description will be made with reference to FIG.

Brushes 35, 35 are mounted on the axle 7 inside the side disk surface of the fixed casing 22 of the motor arranged in the center.
Are arranged in two positive and negative poles with an angle of 90 degrees around. Part of the fixed casing 22 is open, and the brush terminal plate 43 is exposed to the outside. A brass conductive portion 37 and an insulating portion 38 are alternately arranged on the surface of the terminal plate 43, and the conductive portions 37 and 37 are provided with terminal portions 39 and 39, respectively, to supply power to the brushes 35 and 35, respectively. The terminals 40 and 40 are fixed by screws.

In the area other than the area where the brushes are arranged, the side disk surface of the fixed casing 22 is lowered by one step, and the control area 4 is formed.
1 is formed. In the control area 41, a motor control board (not shown) and a board case 2 in which a plurality of control parts 42 are mounted
3 are provided. The power supply lines 40, 40 are wire-attached to the control unit and connected to an external power supply line common to the power supply of the control unit.

Thus, by utilizing the side disk surface of the fixed casing 22, it is possible to reduce the size of the hub drive device in the axial direction, and the control part can be built in the hub drive part. In addition, it is possible to secure a large board area for the control unit and to shorten the power supply line of the brush, so that it is possible to reduce noise and simplify assembly.

In the electrically assisted bicycle constructed as described above, when the driver steps on the pedal 4, the crank 5 rotates and is transmitted to the human power input unit 8 via the chain 6, and the torque corresponding to the pedaling force is detected by the torque sensor. 10 is detected and supplied to the motor control circuit in the substrate case 23 fixed to the fixed side casing 22. The motor control circuit controls the driving force of the motor according to a program according to the magnitude of the driving force of the human power, and assists the driving force of the human power by the driving force of the motor.

The stator yoke 24 of the motor is formed by laminating thin steel plates, and the magnet 26 is inserted into the magnet insertion hole formed in the stator yoke 24.
A rotor 27 is rotatably arranged inside thereof.
The stator yoke 24 is held by being sandwiched between the left and right fixed casings 22 by the screws 24, and forms a part of the fixed casing 22. A shape having excellent magnetic characteristics can be easily created by press working, and the weight and size are reduced. Also, a stator yoke having an optimum shape can be obtained.

[0039]

As described above, in the electrically assisted bicycle of the present invention, by utilizing the side disk surface of the fixed casing, it is possible to reduce the size of the hub drive device in the axial direction and drive the control part to the hub drive. It can be built inside the part. Further, it is possible to secure a large board area for the control unit, simplify the harness, and shorten the power supply line from the control board to the brush, so that noise can be reduced and assembly can be simplified.

Further, the power supply lines from the terminal plate of the brush are attached in a good manner and connected to an external power supply line common to the power source of the control section, so that the power supply line from the control board to the brush can be shortened. Reduction and simplification of assembly can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of an electric assist bicycle.

FIG. 2 is a side plan half cross-sectional view of a drive unit of the hub casing of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration and layout diagram of a brush and a controller of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side plan half cross-sectional view of a drive unit of a conventional hub casing.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 front basket 2 battery 3 rear wheel hub 7 axles 8 Human input section 9 transmission 10 Torque sensor 11 spring 13 Ring member 14 coils 16 springs 19 brake pads 20 brake case 21 Hub casing 22 Fixed side casing 23 board case 24 Stator yoke 26 magnets 27 rotor 28 Motor cover 30 planetary gears 31 External gear 32 pinion gear 33 35 brushes 36 planetary gear carrier 37 Conductor 38 Insulation part 39 terminal 40 power lines 41 Control area 42 Control parts 43 terminal board

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A power assisted bicycle having a human power drive unit for transmitting a human power drive force from a pedal to a rear wheel and an electric drive unit having a motor as a drive source for the rear wheel unit, in a hub casing of the rear wheel. A drive unit is arranged, and the drive unit is a motor,
An electrically assisted bicycle characterized in that a speed reducer, a torque sensor, a control board, and a brush of a motor are built in along an axle, and the brush and the control board are arranged on a side surface of a stationary casing. 2. The electric assist bicycle according to claim 1, wherein the control board is arranged on a concentric circle of a disk surface of the fixed casing. 3. The torque sensor, the control board, and the brushes of the motor are centrally arranged along the axle in a region on one side of the fixed casing that is integral with the axle that holds the stator yoke of the motor in the hub casing. The electrically assisted bicycle according to Item 1. 4. The electric power-assisted bicycle according to claim 2, wherein the brushes are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with each other on the side surface of the stationary casing. 5. The power supply to the brush is performed through a terminal of a conductive portion of a terminal plate arranged on the side surface disk surface of the stationary casing and having conductive portions and insulating portions provided alternately. The electrically assisted bicycle according to claim 2 or claim 4. 6. The electrically assisted bicycle according to claim 1, wherein power is supplied to the terminal plate of the brush through a power supply line attached to the control board.