JP2003071967A - Decorative sheet having photocatalyst layer formed thereon as outermost layer - Google Patents
Decorative sheet having photocatalyst layer formed thereon as outermost layerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003071967A JP2003071967A JP2001262901A JP2001262901A JP2003071967A JP 2003071967 A JP2003071967 A JP 2003071967A JP 2001262901 A JP2001262901 A JP 2001262901A JP 2001262901 A JP2001262901 A JP 2001262901A JP 2003071967 A JP2003071967 A JP 2003071967A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- decorative
- photocatalyst
- photocatalyst layer
- decorative plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 206
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003729 Neprilysin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000028 Neprilysin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、無機質材料に熱硬
化性樹脂を含浸させた基材層の表面に化粧層を備えた化
粧板に関し、特に、化粧板の表面に付着した汚れを低減
し、かつ払拭による清掃を簡単に行えるようにした光触
媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative board provided with a decorative layer on the surface of a base material layer in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, and more particularly to reducing stains attached to the surface of the decorative board. In addition, the present invention relates to a decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer as an outermost layer that can be easily cleaned by wiping.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、台所等の壁面には、耐水性、耐熱
性、油等の汚れが付着した場合の払拭による清掃の容易
性等に鑑みて、一般には、タイルを貼着する施工が採用
されてきた。ところで、タイルの表面に付着した油等の
汚れは、払拭により簡単に除去することができるが、タ
イルの目地に入った汚れは、この目地に浸透し、払拭程
度では簡単に除去することができず、経年により目地の
汚れが目立つようになるという問題があった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tiles are generally attached to a wall surface of a kitchen or the like in consideration of water resistance, heat resistance, and easiness of cleaning by wiping when dirt such as oil adheres. Has been adopted. By the way, dirt such as oil adhering to the surface of the tile can be easily removed by wiping, but dirt entering the joint of the tile penetrates into this joint and can be easily removed by wiping. However, there was a problem that the stains on the joints became noticeable over time.
【０００３】一方、タイルを貼着する施工に代えて、無
機質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた基材層の表面に化
粧層を備えた化粧板を用いる施工が汎用されている。こ
の化粧板を用いる施工は、タイルを貼着する施工に比較
して施工作業が簡単で、かつ、タイルと同様、耐水性、
耐熱性、油等の汚れが付着した場合の払拭による清掃の
容易性に優れ、さらに、目地は印刷されたものであるた
め、目地に汚れが浸透しないという利点があった。On the other hand, instead of applying tiles, the use of a decorative board having a decorative layer on the surface of a base material layer in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin is widely used. Construction using this decorative board is easier than the construction of attaching tiles, and like the tiles, water resistance,
It has excellent heat resistance and easy cleaning by wiping when dirt such as oil adheres. Furthermore, since the joint is printed, there is an advantage that the dirt does not penetrate into the joint.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記従来の
化粧板は、上記のように、耐水性、耐熱性、油等の汚れ
が付着した場合の払拭による清掃の容易性に優れてはい
るものの、多くの化粧板は、最外層がメラミン系樹脂を
含有する化粧層からなるため、汚れがひどくなると、払
拭による清掃に手数を要するという問題があった。As described above, the conventional decorative board has excellent water resistance, heat resistance, and ease of cleaning by wiping when dirt such as oil adheres. In many decorative boards, since the outermost layer is a decorative layer containing a melamine resin, there is a problem that cleaning with wiping requires labor when the stain becomes severe.
【０００５】本発明は、上記従来の化粧板の有する問題
点に鑑み、化粧板の表面に付着した汚れを自ら分解して
汚れを低減し、さらに、化粧板の表面を親水性にするこ
とにより払拭による清掃を簡単に行えるようにした光触
媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板を提供することを目的と
する。In view of the problems of the above-described conventional decorative board, the present invention decomposes the dirt adhering to the surface of the decorative board by itself to reduce the dirt, and further makes the surface of the decorative board hydrophilic. An object of the present invention is to provide a decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer as an outermost layer, which can be easily cleaned by wiping.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板は、無
機質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた基材層の表面に化
粧層を備え、最外層に酸化チタンを含有する光触媒層を
一体に形成したことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, a decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer of the present invention as an outermost layer is a decorative layer on the surface of a base material layer in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin. And a photocatalyst layer containing titanium oxide is integrally formed on the outermost layer.
【０００７】この光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板
は、無機質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた基材層の表
面に化粧層を備え、最外層に酸化チタンを含有する光触
媒層を一体に形成することにより、化粧板の表面に落ち
にくい油などの汚れが付着しても、汚れを光触媒層で分
解して汚れを低減することができるとともに、最外層の
酸化チタンを含有する光触媒層が親水性を呈するため、
油などの汚れが付着しにくく、払拭による清掃をより簡
単に行うことができる。The decorative plate having this photocatalyst layer as the outermost layer is provided with a decorative layer on the surface of a base material layer in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, and a photocatalyst layer containing titanium oxide is integrally formed as the outermost layer. Even if dirt such as oil that is hard to remove adheres to the surface of the decorative plate, it can be decomposed by the photocatalyst layer to reduce dirt, and the outermost photocatalyst layer containing titanium oxide can be formed. Is hydrophilic,
It is difficult for dirt such as oil to adhere, and cleaning by wiping can be performed more easily.
【０００７】この場合において、光触媒層を、アナター
ゼ型酸化チタン粉末をシリコン系樹脂に分散させた塗布
層から構成することができる。In this case, the photocatalyst layer can be composed of a coating layer in which anatase type titanium oxide powder is dispersed in a silicone resin.
【０００８】これにより、光触媒効率が高いアナターゼ
型酸化チタン粉末を用いることによって、紫外線量の少
ない室内でも効率よく汚れを分解することができ、ま
た、アナターゼ型酸化チタン粉末をシリコン系樹脂に分
散させた塗布層からなる光触媒層よりなる光触媒層は、
酸化チタンによる光触媒層自体の分解、劣化が起こりに
くく、光触媒層を長期に亘って安定した状態で維持する
ことができる。Thus, by using the anatase type titanium oxide powder having a high photocatalytic efficiency, the stains can be efficiently decomposed even in a room where the amount of ultraviolet rays is small, and the anatase type titanium oxide powder is dispersed in the silicone resin. The photocatalyst layer consisting of the photocatalyst layer consisting of the coating layer,
The decomposition and deterioration of the photocatalyst layer itself due to titanium oxide hardly occur, and the photocatalyst layer can be maintained in a stable state for a long period of time.
【０００９】また、光触媒層の下層に、シリコン系樹脂
の塗布層からなるプライマー層を形成することができ
る。Further, a primer layer composed of a silicon resin coating layer can be formed below the photocatalyst layer.
【００１０】これにより、光触媒層の接着安定性を向上
することができる。As a result, the adhesion stability of the photocatalyst layer can be improved.
【００１１】また、少なくとも化粧板の表面に、タイル
模様となるように、幅２〜５ｍｍ、深さ０．２〜０．７
ｍｍの目地を形成するとともに、該目地に対応して、光
触媒層、化粧層及び基材層の一部が凹曲されてなるよう
にすることができる。In addition, at least the surface of the decorative plate has a width of 2 to 5 mm and a depth of 0.2 to 0.7 so as to form a tile pattern.
It is possible to form joints having a size of mm and to make a part of the photocatalyst layer, the decorative layer, and the base material layer curved corresponding to the joints.
【００１２】これにより、化粧板の意匠性を高めなが
ら、目地を形成することによる化粧板の強度の低下を防
止し、耐撓み性が良好な化粧板とすることができるとと
もに、窪んだ目地であっても清掃を簡単に行うことがで
きる。[0012] With this, it is possible to improve the design of the decorative sheet and prevent the strength of the decorative sheet from lowering due to the formation of joints, so that it is possible to obtain a decorative sheet with good bending resistance, and at the same time, it is possible to obtain a concave joint. Even if there is, cleaning can be done easily.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の光触媒層を最外層
に形成した化粧板の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明す
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer as an outermost layer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１４】図１に、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成
した化粧板の第１実施例を示す。この化粧板Ｔは、無機
質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた基材層１の表面に化
粧層２を備え、最外層に酸化チタンを含有する光触媒層
３を層状に一体に形成したものである。なお、本実施例
の化粧板Ｔにおいては、基材層１の裏面には、壁板等の
下地への接着性を向上させるために、熱硬化性樹脂を含
浸させた紙からなるバッカー層４を層状に一体に形成す
るようにしている。FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer. The decorative plate T is one in which a decorative layer 2 is provided on the surface of a base material layer 1 in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, and a photocatalyst layer 3 containing titanium oxide is integrally formed in a layered manner as an outermost layer. is there. In the decorative board T of the present embodiment, the backer layer 4 made of paper impregnated with a thermosetting resin is provided on the back surface of the base material layer 1 in order to improve the adhesion to a base such as a wall board. Are formed integrally in layers.
【００１５】基材層１は、特に限定されるものではない
が、無機質骨材、具体的には、水酸化アルミニウム、水
酸化マグネシウム等の含水無機化合物や炭酸カルシウ
ム、タルク等の充填剤を含有し、メラミン樹脂、フェノ
ール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させたガラス不織布を
好適に用いることができる。そして、より具体的には、
この基材層１には、図２（Ａ）に示すように、秤量３０
〜１００ｇ／ｍ2程度のガラス不織布に、メラミン樹
脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた後、
この不織布層１０ｂの片面に、水酸化アルミニウム等の
無機質骨材及びメラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬
化性樹脂（さらに、必要に応じて他の添加剤）を混合し
た混合物（本明細書において、「混合樹脂」という。）
を塗布して混合樹脂層１０ａを形成し、２層構造とした
ものや、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、ガラス不織布に、メ
ラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂を含浸さ
せた不織布層１０ｂの両面に、水酸化アルミニウム等の
無機質骨材及びメラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬
化性樹脂（さらに、必要に応じて他の添加剤）を混合し
た混合樹脂を塗布して混合樹脂層１０ａを形成し、３層
構造としたものや、図２（Ｃ）に示すように、ガラス不
織布に水酸化アルミニウム等の無機質骨材及びメラミン
樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂（さらに、必要
に応じて他の添加剤）を混合した混合樹脂を含浸させた
不織布層１０ｂの両面に、該混合樹脂を塗布して混合樹
脂層１０ａを形成したもの（この場合、図示の３層構造
のほか、２層構造とすることもできる。）や、図２
（Ｄ）に示すように、ガラス不織布に、水酸化アルミニ
ウム等の無機質骨材及びメラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂
等の熱硬化性樹脂（さらに、必要に応じて他の添加剤）
を混合した混合樹脂を含浸させた不織布層１０ｂからな
る１層構造のものや、不織布層１０ｂと混合樹脂層１０
ａとを別々に成形し重ね合わせたもの等からなる基材シ
ート材１０を適宜選択し、これらを複数枚積層して構成
することができる。The base material layer 1 is not particularly limited, but contains an inorganic aggregate, specifically, a hydrated inorganic compound such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide and a filler such as calcium carbonate or talc. However, a glass nonwoven fabric impregnated with a thermosetting resin such as a melamine resin or a phenol resin can be preferably used. And more specifically,
As shown in FIG. 2 (A), the base layer 1 has a weight of 30
After impregnating a glass nonwoven fabric of about 100 g / m 2 with a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin or phenol resin,
A mixture (in the present specification, a mixture of an inorganic aggregate such as aluminum hydroxide and a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin and phenol resin (and other additives as necessary) on one surface of the non-woven fabric layer 10b. "Mixed resin".)
To form a mixed resin layer 10a to have a two-layer structure, or as shown in FIG. 2B, a glass nonwoven fabric impregnated with a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin or phenol resin. A mixed resin layer in which an inorganic aggregate such as aluminum hydroxide and a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin and phenol resin (and other additives as required) are applied to both surfaces of the layer 10b to form a mixed resin layer. 10a is formed into a three-layer structure, or as shown in FIG. 2 (C), a glass nonwoven fabric is made of an inorganic aggregate such as aluminum hydroxide and a thermosetting resin such as a melamine resin or a phenol resin (further necessary. A non-woven fabric layer 10b impregnated with a mixed resin mixed with other additives is coated with the mixed resin to form the mixed resin layer 10a (in this case, in addition to the illustrated three-layer structure). Two-layer structure Can be.) And, FIG. 2
As shown in (D), an inorganic aggregate such as aluminum hydroxide and a thermosetting resin such as melamine resin and phenol resin are added to the glass nonwoven fabric (and other additives as required).
Having a one-layer structure consisting of a non-woven fabric layer 10b impregnated with a mixed resin mixed with
It is possible to appropriately select the base sheet material 10 that is formed by separately molding and superimposing a and to laminate them.
【００１６】また、化粧層２は、特に限定されるもので
はないが、例えば、酸化チタンを含有するクラフト紙
に、メラミン樹脂を含浸させたものを好適に用いること
ができる。この化粧層２の表面には、化粧板Ｔの模様や
目地となる適宜の印刷を施すようにする。そして、この
酸化チタンを含有するクラフト紙には、秤量５０〜１５
０ｇ／ｍ 2のもの、好ましくは、７０〜１２０ｇ／ｍ2を
採用し、これにメラミン樹脂を８０〜２００重量％含浸
させ、さらに、その表面に任意の印刷層を形成するよう
にする。この場合、この酸化チタンを含有するクラフト
紙の秤量が、１５０ｇ／ｍ2より大きいと、後述の実施
例５に示すように、目地Ｔｂを形成するために金型を用
いて化粧板Ｔを加熱、押圧したとき、化粧層１が凹状に
窪みにくくなり成形性が悪く、反対に、５０ｇ／ｍ2よ
り小さいと、化粧層１が破損しやすくなる。また、メラ
ミン樹脂の含浸量が、２００重量％より多いと、所期の
難燃性若しくは不燃性の性質が得にくくなり、反対に、
８０重量％より少ないと、化粧板Ｔを加熱、押圧したと
き、化粧層１が凹状に窪みにくく（目地Ｔｂが形成され
にくく）、成形性が悪くなる。The decorative layer 2 is not particularly limited.
But, for example, kraft paper containing titanium oxide
It is preferable to use one that is impregnated with melamine resin.
You can On the surface of the decorative layer 2, the pattern of the decorative plate T
Appropriate printing for joints is performed. And this
For kraft paper containing titanium oxide, weigh 50 to 15
0 g / m 2Of the above, preferably 70 to 120 g / m2To
Adopted and impregnated with 80 to 200% by weight of melamine resin
And to form any printing layer on the surface.
To In this case, a craft containing this titanium oxide
Paper weight is 150g / m2If it is larger, it will be described later.
As shown in Example 5, a mold is used to form the joint Tb.
When the decorative plate T is heated and pressed, the decorative layer 1 becomes concave.
Dimples are less likely to be formed and moldability is poor. Conversely, 50 g / m2Yo
If it is too small, the decorative layer 1 is easily damaged. Also, Mela
If the impregnation amount of the min resin is more than 200% by weight, the desired
It becomes difficult to obtain flame-retardant or non-flammable properties, on the contrary,
If it is less than 80% by weight, the decorative plate T is heated and pressed.
The decorative layer 1 is unlikely to be depressed in a concave shape (the joint Tb is formed.
Difficult), and the moldability deteriorates.
【００１７】また、化粧板Ｔの最外層に形成される光触
媒層３は、特に限定されるものではないが、１〜１００
ｎｍ程度の粒径のアナターゼ型酸化チタン粉末をシリコ
ン系樹脂に分散させた材料を塗布することにより形成す
るようにした、０．０１〜１．０μｍ程度の厚さの塗布
層から構成することができる。The photocatalyst layer 3 formed on the outermost layer of the decorative plate T is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 100.
A coating layer having a thickness of about 0.01 to 1.0 μm is formed by coating a material in which anatase type titanium oxide powder having a particle diameter of about nm is dispersed in a silicon resin. it can.
【００１８】次に、この光触媒層を最外層に形成した化
粧板Ｔの作用について説明する。この光触媒層３を最外
層に形成した化粧板Ｔは、無機質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を
含浸させた基材層１の表面に化粧層２を備え、最外層に
光触媒層３を一体に形成することにより、化粧板Ｔの表
面に落ちにくい油などの汚れが付着しても、汚れを光触
媒層３で分解して汚れを低減することができるととも
に、最外層の酸化チタンを含有する光触媒層３が親水性
を呈するため、油などの汚れが付着しにくく、払拭によ
る清掃をより簡単に行うことができるものとなる。さら
に、この化粧板Ｔは、光触媒層３を構成する光触媒に、
光触媒効率が高いアナターゼ型酸化チタン粉末を用いる
ことによって、紫外線量の少ない室内でも効率よく汚れ
を分解することができ、また、アナターゼ型酸化チタン
粉末をシリコン系樹脂に分散させた塗布層からなる光触
媒層３は、酸化チタンによる光触媒層３自体の分解、劣
化が起こりにくく、光触媒層３を長期に亘って安定した
状態で維持することができるものとなる。Next, the function of the decorative plate T having the photocatalyst layer as the outermost layer will be described. The decorative plate T in which the photocatalyst layer 3 is formed as the outermost layer is provided with the decorative layer 2 on the surface of the base material layer 1 in which an inorganic material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, and the photocatalyst layer 3 is integrally formed in the outermost layer. As a result, even if dirt such as oil that is hard to remove adheres to the surface of the decorative plate T, the dirt can be decomposed by the photocatalyst layer 3 to reduce the dirt, and the outermost photocatalyst layer 3 containing titanium oxide. Since it exhibits hydrophilicity, dirt such as oil hardly adheres to it, and cleaning by wiping can be performed more easily. Furthermore, this decorative plate T is used as a photocatalyst that constitutes the photocatalyst layer 3.
By using anatase-type titanium oxide powder with high photocatalytic efficiency, stains can be efficiently decomposed even in a room with a small amount of ultraviolet light, and a photocatalyst composed of a coating layer in which anatase-type titanium oxide powder is dispersed in a silicone resin. The layer 3 hardly decomposes or deteriorates the photocatalyst layer 3 itself due to titanium oxide, and can maintain the photocatalyst layer 3 in a stable state for a long period of time.
【００１９】図３に、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成
した化粧板の第２実施例を示す。この化粧板Ｔは、上記
第１実施例の化粧板Ｔの化粧層２と光触媒層３の間にプ
ライマー層５を形成したものである。このプライマー層
５は、特に限定されるものではないが、０．１〜５．０
μｍ程度の厚さのシリコン系樹脂の塗布層から構成する
ことができる。このように、化粧層２と光触媒層３の間
にプライマー層５を形成することにより、光触媒層３の
接着安定性を一層向上することができるものとなる。FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the decorative plate having the photocatalyst layer of the present invention as the outermost layer. The decorative plate T has a primer layer 5 formed between the decorative layer 2 and the photocatalyst layer 3 of the decorative plate T of the first embodiment. The primer layer 5 is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 to 5.0.
It can be composed of a coating layer of silicon-based resin having a thickness of about μm. By thus forming the primer layer 5 between the decorative layer 2 and the photocatalyst layer 3, the adhesive stability of the photocatalyst layer 3 can be further improved.
【００２０】図４に、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成
した化粧板の第３実施例を示す。この化粧板Ｔは、上記
第２実施例の化粧板Ｔの化粧層２とプライマー層５の間
にフイルム層６をラミネート加工することにより形成し
たものである。このフイルム層６は、特に限定されるも
のではないが、１０〜２００μｍ程度の厚さのアクリル
系樹脂フイルムから構成することができる。このよう
に、化粧層２とプライマー層５の間にフイルム層６を形
成することにより、プライマー層５、さらには、光触媒
層３の接着安定性を一層向上することができるものとな
る。そして、このようなフイルム層６を有する化粧板Ｔ
は、例えば、アクリル系樹脂フイルムにプライマー及び
光触媒塗料を塗布することによりプライマー層５及び光
触媒層３を形成した３層構造のフイルムを、基材層１及
び化粧層２等の積層時に同時に積層することによって化
粧板Ｔを得ることができる利点がある。FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer. The decorative plate T is formed by laminating a film layer 6 between the decorative layer 2 and the primer layer 5 of the decorative plate T of the second embodiment. The film layer 6 is not particularly limited, but can be made of an acrylic resin film having a thickness of about 10 to 200 μm. By thus forming the film layer 6 between the decorative layer 2 and the primer layer 5, the adhesion stability of the primer layer 5 and further the photocatalyst layer 3 can be further improved. And a decorative board T having such a film layer 6
For example, a film having a three-layer structure in which a primer layer 5 and a photocatalyst layer 3 are formed by applying a primer and a photocatalyst paint to an acrylic resin film is laminated at the same time when the base material layer 1 and the decorative layer 2 are laminated. Therefore, there is an advantage that the decorative plate T can be obtained.
【００２１】図５に、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成
した化粧板の第４実施例を示す。この化粧板Ｔは、上記
第２実施例の化粧板Ｔの化粧層２とプライマー層５の間
に接着層７を形成したものである。この接着層７は、特
に限定されるものではないが、０．１〜１０．０μｍ程
度の厚さのアクリル系樹脂又はアクリル系樹脂とシリコ
ン系樹脂の混合物からなる塗布層から構成することがで
きる。このように、化粧層２とプライマー層５の間に接
着層７を形成することにより、プライマー層５、さらに
は、光触媒層３の接着安定性を一層向上することができ
るものとなる。FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a decorative plate having the photocatalyst layer of the present invention as the outermost layer. This decorative board T is one in which an adhesive layer 7 is formed between the decorative layer 2 and the primer layer 5 of the decorative board T of the second embodiment. The adhesive layer 7 is not particularly limited, but can be formed of a coating layer made of an acrylic resin or a mixture of an acrylic resin and a silicon resin having a thickness of about 0.1 to 10.0 μm. . By thus forming the adhesive layer 7 between the decorative layer 2 and the primer layer 5, the adhesive stability of the primer layer 5 and further the photocatalyst layer 3 can be further improved.
【００２２】図６に、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成
した化粧板の第５実施例を示す。この化粧板Ｔは、化粧
板Ｔの表面Ｔａに目地Ｔｂを形成したものである。この
目地Ｔｂは、化粧板Ｔの表面Ｔａに、タイル模様となる
ように、幅２〜５ｍｍ、深さ０．２〜０．７ｍｍの目地
Ｔｂを形成するとともに、この目地Ｔｂに対応して、化
粧層２、基材層１、バッカー層４等の一部が凹曲されて
なるようにしたものである。この場合、目地Ｔｂは、光
触媒層３を形成した化粧層２、基材層１、バッカー層４
等を順次重ねた後、例えば、１４０℃程度に加熱しなが
ら、その上方から、タイル模様となる目地Ｔｂに対応し
た突条を形成したプレス上金型により押圧する。これに
より、光触媒層３を形成した化粧層２、基材層１、バッ
カー層４等にそれぞれ含まれる熱硬化性樹脂によって、
積層した素材間が互いに接着され、全体が一体化される
とともに、化粧板Ｔの表面に、タイル模様となる目地Ｔ
ｂが形成される。さらに、この目地Ｔｂに対応して化粧
層２、基材層１、バッカー層４等の一部が凹曲され、タ
イル模様の凹曲条Ｔｃが形成される。この凹曲条Ｔｃ
は、化粧層２に近い程目地Ｔｂと同じ深さに凹曲し、バ
ッカー層４に近い程深さが浅くなる様に、凹曲の程度が
化粧層２側からバッカー層４側にかけて徐々に小さくな
っている。化粧板Ｔの裏面は本質的には平坦であるが、
場合によっては、プレス上金型の突条の押圧力がバッカ
ー層４にまで及び、目地Ｔｂに対応する０．０１〜０．
３ｍｍ程度の高さの突条リブが形成されるようにしても
よい。なお、光触媒層３は、目地Ｔｂを形成した後に形
成することもできる。このように、化粧板Ｔの表面Ｔａ
に、上記のような目地Ｔｂを形成することにより、化粧
板Ｔの意匠性を高めながら、目地Ｔｂを形成することに
よる化粧板Ｔの強度の低下を防止し、耐撓み性が良好な
化粧板とすることができるものとなる。また、目地Ｔｂ
は、表面に光触媒層３を備えているため、汚れが付着し
ても、汚れを光触媒層で分解して汚れを低減することが
でき、汚れを、払拭により簡単に除去することができ
る。FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer. The decorative plate T is one in which joints Tb are formed on the surface Ta of the decorative plate T. The joint Tb has a width T of 2 to 5 mm and a depth T of 0.2 to 0.7 mm on the surface Ta of the decorative plate T so as to form a tile pattern, and the joint Tb corresponds to the joint Tb. The decorative layer 2, the base material layer 1, the backer layer 4 and the like are partially bent. In this case, the joint Tb includes the decorative layer 2 having the photocatalyst layer 3, the base material layer 1, and the backer layer 4.
And the like are successively stacked, and then, while being heated to, for example, about 140 ° C., they are pressed from above by a press upper mold having a ridge corresponding to the joint Tb to be a tile pattern. Thereby, the thermosetting resin contained in each of the decorative layer 2 having the photocatalyst layer 3 formed thereon, the base material layer 1, the backer layer 4, etc.
The laminated materials are adhered to each other and integrated as a whole, and the joints T that form a tile pattern on the surface of the decorative plate T.
b is formed. Further, a part of the decorative layer 2, the base material layer 1, the backer layer 4, etc. is concavely curved corresponding to the joint Tb, and a concave curved line Tc having a tile pattern is formed. This concave curved line Tc
Is gradually bent from the decorative layer 2 side to the backer layer 4 side such that the closer to the decorative layer 2 the concave portion has the same depth as the joint Tb, and the closer to the backer layer 4 the shallower the depth becomes. It is getting smaller. The back surface of the decorative plate T is essentially flat,
Depending on the case, the pressing force of the ridge of the die on the press reaches the backer layer 4, and 0.01 to 0.
You may make it form a rib of a height of about 3 mm. The photocatalyst layer 3 can also be formed after forming the joint Tb. Thus, the surface Ta of the decorative plate T
Further, by forming the joints Tb as described above, it is possible to improve the designability of the decorative plate T, prevent the decrease in the strength of the decorative plate T due to the formation of the joints Tb, and have a good bending resistance. And will be able to. Also, the joint Tb
Since the photocatalyst layer 3 is provided on the surface, even if dirt adheres, the dirt can be decomposed by the photocatalyst layer to reduce the dirt, and the dirt can be easily removed by wiping.
【００２３】以上、本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成し
た化粧板について、複数の実施例に基づいて説明した
が、本発明は上記実施例に記載した構成に限定されるも
のではなく、各実施例に記載した構成を適宜組み合わせ
る等、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成
を変更することができ、さらに、本発明の光触媒層を最
外層に形成した化粧板は、化粧板の最外層に形成した光
触媒層３の表面を保護するため、透明なシリコン系樹脂
塗膜にてコーティングすること等を排除するものでな
い。The decorative plate having the photocatalyst layer of the present invention as the outermost layer has been described above based on a plurality of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above examples. The configuration described in the examples may be appropriately combined, and the configuration may be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.Furthermore, the decorative plate having the photocatalyst layer of the present invention as the outermost layer is the outermost layer of the decorative plate. In order to protect the surface of the photocatalyst layer 3 formed in the above, coating with a transparent silicone resin coating film is not excluded.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化
粧板によれば、無機質材料に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させた
基材層の表面に化粧層を備え、最外層に酸化チタンを含
有する光触媒層を一体に形成することにより、化粧板の
表面に落ちにくい油などの汚れが付着しても、汚れを光
触媒層で分解して汚れを低減することができるととも
に、最外層の酸化チタンを含有する光触媒層が親水性を
呈するため、油などの汚れが付着しにくく、汚れを払拭
により簡単に除去することができる。According to the decorative plate having the photocatalyst layer as the outermost layer of the present invention, the decorative layer is provided on the surface of the base material layer in which the inorganic material is impregnated with the thermosetting resin, and the outermost layer is made of titanium oxide. By integrally forming the photocatalyst layer contained, even if stains such as oil that are hard to remove adhere to the surface of the decorative plate, the stains can be decomposed by the photocatalyst layer to reduce the stains and the outermost layer is oxidized. Since the photocatalyst layer containing titanium exhibits hydrophilicity, dirt such as oil hardly adheres, and the dirt can be easily removed by wiping.
【００２５】また、光触媒層に光触媒効率が高いアナタ
ーゼ型酸化チタン粉末を用いることによって、紫外線量
の少ない室内でも効率よく汚れを分解することができ、
また、アナターゼ型酸化チタン粉末をシリコン系樹脂に
分散させた塗布層からなる光触媒層よりなる光触媒層
は、酸化チタンによる光触媒層自体の分解、劣化が起こ
りにくく、光触媒層を長期に亘って安定した状態で維持
することができる。Further, by using the anatase type titanium oxide powder having high photocatalytic efficiency for the photocatalyst layer, it is possible to efficiently decompose the stain even in a room with a small amount of ultraviolet rays.
Further, the photocatalyst layer consisting of the photocatalyst layer consisting of the coating layer in which the anatase-type titanium oxide powder is dispersed in the silicon-based resin, the photocatalyst layer itself is not easily decomposed and deteriorated by titanium oxide, and the photocatalyst layer is stable for a long time. Can be maintained in a state.
【００２６】また、光触媒層の下層に、シリコン系樹脂
の塗布層からなるプライマー層を形成することにより、
光触媒層の接着安定性を向上することができる。Further, by forming a primer layer consisting of a coating layer of silicone resin on the lower layer of the photocatalyst layer,
The adhesion stability of the photocatalyst layer can be improved.
【００２７】また、少なくとも化粧板の表面に、タイル
模様となるように、幅２〜５ｍｍ、深さ０．２〜０．７
ｍｍの目地を形成するとともに、該目地に対応して、光
触媒層、化粧層及び基材層の一部が凹曲されてなるよう
にすることにより、化粧板の意匠性を高めながら、目地
を形成することによる化粧板の強度の低下を防止し、耐
撓み性が良好な化粧板とすることができるとともに、窪
んだ目地であっても清掃を簡単に行うことができる。At least the surface of the decorative plate has a width of 2 to 5 mm and a depth of 0.2 to 0.7 so as to form a tile pattern.
mm joints are formed, and the photocatalyst layer, the decorative layer, and a part of the base material layer are concavely curved corresponding to the joints to enhance the design of the decorative sheet and It is possible to prevent a decrease in the strength of the decorative plate due to the formation, and it is possible to obtain a decorative plate having good bending resistance, and it is possible to easily perform cleaning even in the case of recessed joints.
【図１】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板の
第１実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer of the present invention formed in the outermost layer.
【図２】基材層を構成する芯材シートの例を示す断面図
である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a core sheet that constitutes a base material layer.
【図３】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板の
第２実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer.
【図４】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板の
第３実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer.
【図５】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板の
第４実施例を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer.
【図６】本発明の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板の
第５実施例を示し、（ａ）は外観斜視図、（ｂ）は断面
図である。6A and 6B show a fifth embodiment of a decorative plate in which the photocatalyst layer of the present invention is formed as the outermost layer, FIG. 6A is an external perspective view, and FIG. 6B is a sectional view.
Ｔ 化粧板 Ｔａ 表面 Ｔｂ 目地 １ 基材層 １０ 基材シート材 １０ａ 混合樹脂層 １０ｂ ガラス不織布層 ２ 化粧層 ３ 光触媒層 ４ バッカー層 ５ プライマー層 ６ フイルム層 ７ 接着層 T decorative plate Ta surface Tb joint 1 Base material layer 10 Base sheet material 10a mixed resin layer 10b Glass non-woven layer 2 makeup layers 3 Photocatalyst layer 4 backers 5 Primer layer 6 film layers 7 Adhesive layer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 4F100 AA01A AA21C AK01A AK52C AK52D AR00B BA03 BA04 BA07 BA10A BA10C CC00C DC28B DD05 DE01C EH462 EJ65D EJ82A GB09 HB00B HB40B JB05 JB13A JL06 JL08C 4G069 AA03 AA08 BA04A BA04B BA48A CD10 DA06 EA11 EC22X EC22Y ED02 FA03 FB23 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page F term (reference) 4F100 AA01A AA21C AK01A AK52C AK52D AR00B BA03 BA04 BA07 BA10A BA10C CC00C DC28B DD05 DE01C EH462 EJ65D EJ82A GB09 HB00B HB40B JB05 JB13A JL06 JL08C 4G069 AA03 AA08 BA04A BA04B BA48A CD10 DA06 EA11 EC22X EC22Y ED02 FA03 FB23
Claims (4)
基材層の表面に化粧層を備え、最外層に酸化チタンを含
有する光触媒層を一体に形成したことを特徴とする光触
媒層を最外層に形成した化粧板。1. A photocatalyst layer comprising a base material layer obtained by impregnating an inorganic material with a thermosetting resin, a decorative layer on the surface of the base material layer, and a photocatalyst layer containing titanium oxide being integrally formed on the outermost layer. Decorative board formed on the outermost layer.
末をシリコン系樹脂に分散させた塗布層からなることを
特徴とする請求項１記載の光触媒層を最外層に形成した
化粧板。2. The decorative plate having a photocatalyst layer as an outermost layer, wherein the photocatalyst layer comprises a coating layer in which anatase type titanium oxide powder is dispersed in a silicone resin.
布層からなるプライマー層を形成したことを特徴とする
請求項１又は２記載の光触媒層を最外層に形成した化粧
板。3. A decorative board having a photocatalyst layer as an outermost layer, wherein a primer layer made of a coating layer of a silicon-based resin is formed below the photocatalyst layer.
となるように、幅２〜５ｍｍ、深さ０．２〜０．７ｍｍ
の目地を形成するとともに、該目地に対応して、光触媒
層、化粧層及び基材層の一部が凹曲されていることを特
徴とする請求項１、２又は３記載の光触媒層を最外層に
形成した化粧板。4. A width of 2 to 5 mm and a depth of 0.2 to 0.7 mm so that a tile pattern is formed on at least the surface of the decorative plate.
4. The photocatalyst layer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the photocatalyst layer, the decorative layer and the base material layer are partially curved corresponding to the joint. Decorative board formed on the outer layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001262901A JP2003071967A (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2001-08-31 | Decorative sheet having photocatalyst layer formed thereon as outermost layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001262901A JP2003071967A (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2001-08-31 | Decorative sheet having photocatalyst layer formed thereon as outermost layer |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005169801A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Decorative sheet and decorative high rigidity molded product having decorative sheet bonded thereto |
| JP2005169803A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Decorative sheet and manufacturing method of decorative high rigidity molded product |
| WO2005068181A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-28 | Domo Oudenaarde Nv | Photocatalytic particles in floor laminates |
| JP2006175685A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Takiron Co Ltd | Molded product having photocatalytic function |
| JP2006230928A (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-09-07 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Kitchen system |
| JP2007289905A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-08 | Takiron Co Ltd | Photocatalyst member |
| JP2007319745A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-13 | Takiron Co Ltd | Photocatalytic member |
| WO2011093785A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Välinge Innovation AB | Method for applying nanoparticles |
| WO2013006125A1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Välinge Photocatalytic Ab | Coated wood products and method of producing coated wood products |
| WO2014098762A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Välinge Photocatalytic Ab | A method for coating a building panel and a building panel |
| US9375750B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2016-06-28 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Method for coating a building panel and a building panel |
| US9573126B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-02-21 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Photocatalytic composition |
| US9945075B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2018-04-17 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Method of applying a photocatalytic dispersion |
| US9963609B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2018-05-08 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Production of titania nanoparticle colloidal suspensions with maintained crystallinity by using a bead mill with micrometer sized beads |
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| JPH1191030A (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-06 | Toto Ltd | Hydrophilic member with photocatalystic property |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005169803A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Decorative sheet and manufacturing method of decorative high rigidity molded product |
| JP2005169801A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-30 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Decorative sheet and decorative high rigidity molded product having decorative sheet bonded thereto |
| WO2005068181A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-28 | Domo Oudenaarde Nv | Photocatalytic particles in floor laminates |
| JP2006175685A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Takiron Co Ltd | Molded product having photocatalytic function |
| JP2006230928A (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-09-07 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Kitchen system |
| JP4541928B2 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2010-09-08 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Kitchen system |
| JP2007289905A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-08 | Takiron Co Ltd | Photocatalyst member |
| JP2007319745A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-13 | Takiron Co Ltd | Photocatalytic member |
| US9963609B2 (en) | 2009-03-23 | 2018-05-08 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Production of titania nanoparticle colloidal suspensions with maintained crystallinity by using a bead mill with micrometer sized beads |
| WO2011093785A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Välinge Innovation AB | Method for applying nanoparticles |
| WO2013006125A1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Välinge Photocatalytic Ab | Coated wood products and method of producing coated wood products |
| US11045798B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2021-06-29 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Coated wood products and method of producing coated wood products |
| US9573126B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-02-21 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Photocatalytic composition |
| WO2014098762A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Välinge Photocatalytic Ab | A method for coating a building panel and a building panel |
| US9375750B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2016-06-28 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Method for coating a building panel and a building panel |
| US11666937B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2023-06-06 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Method for coating a building panel and a building panel |
| US9945075B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2018-04-17 | Valinge Photocatalytic Ab | Method of applying a photocatalytic dispersion |
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