JP2003071411A - Method for treating organic wastes - Google Patents
Method for treating organic wastesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003071411A JP2003071411A JP2001261063A JP2001261063A JP2003071411A JP 2003071411 A JP2003071411 A JP 2003071411A JP 2001261063 A JP2001261063 A JP 2001261063A JP 2001261063 A JP2001261063 A JP 2001261063A JP 2003071411 A JP2003071411 A JP 2003071411A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- treatment
- organic
- solubilization
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、有機性排水や有機
性固形廃棄物などの有機性廃棄物を生物処理する処理方
法に関し、更に詳しくは、有機性排水を処理する過程で
発生する余剰汚泥及び有機性固形廃棄物を減容化すると
ともに、メタンガスを回収する有機性廃棄物の処理方法
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for biologically treating organic waste such as organic wastewater and organic solid waste, and more specifically, excess sludge generated in the process of treating organic wastewater. And a method for treating organic waste, which reduces the volume of organic solid waste and recovers methane gas.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、下水、食品排水又は厨房排水など
の有機性排水を処理する装置としては、活性汚泥処理装
置、固定床式生物処理装置又は流動床式処理装置などの
生物処理装置が多く用いられている。また、食品廃棄
物、家畜糞尿又は浄化槽汚泥などの有機性固形廃棄物を
処理する装置としては、嫌気性消化処理装置や堆肥化装
置などの処理装置が多く用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for treating organic wastewater such as sewage, food wastewater or kitchen wastewater, there are many biological treatment devices such as an activated sludge treatment device, a fixed bed type biological treatment device or a fluidized bed type treatment device. It is used. Further, as an apparatus for treating organic solid waste such as food waste, livestock excrement or septic tank sludge, a treatment apparatus such as an anaerobic digestion treatment apparatus or a composting apparatus is often used.
【0003】前記活性汚泥処理装置にあっては、好気性
微生物である汚泥の浮遊する処理槽内に排水を供給し、
空気で曝気することにより、汚泥の生物学的作用で原水
中の有機物を生物的に酸化分解処理する装置であり、ま
た、固定床式生物処理装置にあっては、処理槽内に合成
樹脂製などの生物保持担体の固定床を設け、空気で曝気
することにより微生物を担体の表面に付着増殖させ、付
着した微生物の生物学的作用で原水中の有機物を生物的
に酸化分解処理する装置であり、更に、流動床式処理装
置は、好気性生物処理槽内の液中に流動可能に合成樹脂
粒子などの生物保持担体を充填し、原水を供給して空気
で曝気することにより、流動化する生物保持担体の表面
に付着増殖した微生物の生物学的作用で原水中の有機物
を生物的に酸化分解処理する装置である。In the above activated sludge treatment device, waste water is supplied into a treatment tank in which sludge, which is an aerobic microorganism, floats.
It is a device that biologically oxidizes and decomposes organic matter in raw water by biological action of sludge by aeration with air.In addition, in fixed bed type biological treatment devices, synthetic resin is used in the treatment tank. It is a device that establishes a fixed bed of biological support carrier such as etc., causes microorganisms to adhere and grow on the surface of the carrier by aerating with air, and biologically oxidizes and decomposes organic matter in raw water by the biological action of the attached microorganisms. In addition, the fluidized bed type treatment equipment is fluidized by filling the liquid in the aerobic biological treatment tank with a biological support carrier such as synthetic resin particles so that it can flow, and supplying raw water and aerating with air. It is a device for biologically oxidatively decomposing organic matter in raw water by the biological action of microorganisms attached and propagated on the surface of the biological support carrier.
【0004】前記生物処理装置では、いずれも有機物を
生物学的に分解処理するのに伴い、増殖した微生物が汚
泥として大量に発生する。発生した汚泥は沈殿槽などで
分離濃縮され、その一部は生物処理工程に循環される
が、残部は余剰汚泥として系外に排出され、その余剰汚
泥を濃縮、脱水したのち焼却や埋め立てなどにより処分
している。なお、前記余剰汚泥量は、生物処理工程に導
入された原水中の有機物量(BOD)の20〜50%が
発生するといわれている。In each of the above-mentioned biological treatment devices, a large amount of grown microorganisms are generated as sludge as the organic matter is biologically decomposed. The generated sludge is separated and concentrated in a settling tank, etc., and part of it is recycled to the biological treatment process, but the rest is discharged outside the system as excess sludge, and the excess sludge is concentrated, dehydrated, and then incinerated or landfilled. It is being disposed. The excess sludge amount is said to be 20 to 50% of the organic matter amount (BOD) in the raw water introduced into the biological treatment process.
【0005】更に、発生汚泥をできるだけ減容化する方
法として、特表平6−509986号公報には、中温生
物処理槽と好熱性生物処理槽とを組合せ、中温生物処理
槽から発生する汚泥を好熱性生物処理槽で可溶化したの
ち、中温生物処理槽に返送して可溶化汚泥を原水と共に
処理する汚泥の減容化方法が開示されており、また、嫌
気性処理工程を設けた装置が、特開2000−2024
90号公報、特開2000−246280号公報及び特
開2001−157900号公報などに開示されてい
る。なお、汚泥の可溶化とは、汚泥を構成する微生物を
分解して低分子化した有機物とすることを意味し、汚泥
の減容化とは、余剰汚泥として排出される汚泥の容量を
低減することを意味する。Further, as a method for reducing the volume of generated sludge as much as possible, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-509986 discloses a combination of a mesophilic biological treatment tank and a thermophilic biological treatment tank in which sludge generated from the mesophilic biological treatment tank is combined. After solubilizing in a thermophilic biological treatment tank, it is returned to the mesophilic biological treatment tank to treat the solubilized sludge with raw water, a sludge volume reduction method is disclosed, and an apparatus provided with an anaerobic treatment step is disclosed. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2024
No. 90, JP 2000-246280 A, JP 2001-157900 A, and the like. In addition, solubilization of sludge means that microorganisms that compose sludge are decomposed into low-molecular organic matter, and volume reduction of sludge reduces the volume of sludge discharged as excess sludge. Means that.
【0006】前記特開2000−202490号公報に
開示された方法は、有機性排水を嫌気性で消化処理し、
処理後の嫌気消化汚泥をオゾンによる可溶化処理工程で
可溶化し、可溶化汚泥及び嫌気性消化後の処理水を好気
性処理工程に供給して処理する方法であり、また、前記
特開2000−246280号公報に開示された方法
は、有機性汚泥を嫌気性で消化処理し、処理後の嫌気消
化液を好気性消化処理し、更に、好気消化液を固液分離
して汚泥を濃縮し、濃縮汚泥をオゾンによる可溶化処理
で可溶化して嫌気性処理工程に返送する方法であり、ま
た、特開2001−157900号公報に開示された方
法は、有機性汚泥を嫌気性で消化処理し、処理後の嫌気
消化汚泥を固液分離して汚泥を濃縮し、濃縮汚泥を適宜
な改質処理工程(可溶化処理工程)で可溶化処理して嫌
気性処理工程に返送する方法である。The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-202490 is to anaerobically digest organic wastewater,
A method of solubilizing the anaerobic digested sludge after treatment in a solubilization treatment step with ozone, supplying the solubilized sludge and treated water after anaerobic digestion to an aerobic treatment step, and treating the anaerobic digestion sludge. The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 246280 discloses that organic sludge is anaerobically digested, the treated anaerobic digestion liquid is subjected to aerobic digestion treatment, and further, the aerobic digestion liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation to concentrate the sludge. Then, the concentrated sludge is solubilized by solubilization treatment with ozone and returned to the anaerobic treatment step, and the method disclosed in JP 2001-157900 A is anaerobic digestion of organic sludge. After the treatment, the treated anaerobic digested sludge is subjected to solid-liquid separation to concentrate the sludge, and the concentrated sludge is solubilized by an appropriate reforming process (solubilization process) and returned to the anaerobic treatment process. is there.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来の汚泥の処分
方法で、汚泥を濃縮、脱水したのち焼却又は埋め立て処
分する方法にあっては、汚泥の濃縮、脱水後においても
含水率が70〜80wt%と高いため嵩が大きく、廃棄
物業者に処分を依頼する場合には、引き取りコストが高
くなり、排水処理全体にかかるコストの多くを占めてい
るのが現状である。 更に、埋め立て処分においては、
産業廃棄物埋立処分場の残余年数が少なくなっており、
引き取りコストも年々高騰している。また、焼却処分に
おいては、含水率が高いため燃料消費量が多くなり燃料
費が嵩み、更に、排出ガスや焼却灰の処理が必要であ
り、近年はダイオキシン問題等から焼却処理自体が困難
になってきている状況である。In the conventional sludge disposal method, in which sludge is concentrated and dehydrated and then incinerated or landfilled, the water content is 70 to 80 wt even after sludge is concentrated and dehydrated. Since it is as high as 10%, it is bulky, and when requesting a waste disposal company to dispose of it, the collection cost becomes high, and it currently accounts for most of the cost of wastewater treatment. Furthermore, in landfill disposal,
The remaining years of the industrial waste landfill are decreasing,
The pick-up cost is also rising year by year. In addition, in the case of incineration, the fuel content is high due to the high water content, the fuel cost is high, and it is necessary to treat exhaust gas and incineration ash.In recent years, the incineration process itself has become difficult due to the dioxin problem. It is a situation that is getting worse.
【0008】また、特表平6−509986号公報に開
示された汚泥の減容化方法では、複数のサイクル運転で
処理するため、処理工程が複雑となるとともに、処理時
間がかかる問題があり、更に、好熱性生物処理槽におけ
る可溶化処理では、多量の空気による曝気であるため、
空気の排出に伴なわれて極めて多量の熱量が損失し、ま
た、汚泥自体の臭気が強いため、曝気により極めて強い
臭気が放出される。Further, in the sludge volume reduction method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-509986, since the treatment is carried out in a plurality of cycle operations, there are problems that the treatment process is complicated and the treatment time is long. Furthermore, in the solubilization treatment in the thermophilic biological treatment tank, since aeration with a large amount of air,
An extremely large amount of heat is lost due to the discharge of air, and since the sludge itself has a strong odor, an extremely strong odor is released by aeration.
【0009】また、嫌気性消化法により汚泥を減容化処
理する方法にあっては、メタン菌等の嫌気性微生物が浮
遊する処理槽内に汚泥を供給し、嫌気性ガスで曝気攪拌
することにより、嫌気性微生物の生物学的作用で汚泥中
の有機物をメタンガスや炭酸ガス等に分解処理する方法
であり、メタンガスを燃料等に有効活用できる利点があ
るため好ましい方法であるが、特開2000−2024
90号公報に開示された方法では、有機性排水を嫌気性
処理工程の前処理として可溶化処理工程があるため、可
溶化工程における負荷の減少化を図ることができないと
共に、汚泥が可溶化処理で酸化分解され、後段の嫌気性
消化処理では効率的にメタンガスの回収が図れないなど
の問題がある。Further, in the method of reducing the volume of sludge by the anaerobic digestion method, the sludge is supplied into a treatment tank in which anaerobic microorganisms such as methane bacteria are suspended and aerated with anaerobic gas. Is a method of decomposing organic matter in sludge into methane gas, carbon dioxide gas and the like by the biological action of anaerobic microorganisms, which is a preferable method because it has an advantage that methane gas can be effectively used as fuel and the like. -2024
In the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 90, since there is a solubilization treatment step as a pretreatment for the organic effluent as an anaerobic treatment step, the load in the solubilization step cannot be reduced and the sludge is solubilized. There is a problem that methane is not efficiently recovered in the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.
【0010】また、特開2000−246280号公報
に開示された方法では、汚泥を嫌気性処理工程とオゾン
可溶化処理工程との間で循環させるため、オゾン可溶化
処理工程前に嫌気性消化汚泥を再度好気性処理で還元性
物質を酸化処理しなくてはならない問題がある。Further, according to the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-246280, since the sludge is circulated between the anaerobic treatment step and the ozone solubilization treatment step, the anaerobic digestion sludge before the ozone solubilization treatment step. There is a problem that the reducing substance must be oxidized again by aerobic treatment.
【0011】また、特開2001−157900号公報
に開示された方法では、嫌気性処理工程の後に、好気性
処理工程がないため、嫌気性消化汚泥が余剰汚泥として
排出され、その処分が必要となるなどの問題がある。Further, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-157900, since there is no aerobic treatment step after the anaerobic treatment step, the anaerobic digested sludge is discharged as excess sludge, and it is necessary to dispose of it. There is a problem such as becoming.
【0012】更に、前記各公報には汚泥の減容化につい
ての記載はあるが、有機性固形廃棄物の処理については
なんら記載されていない。そのため、有機性固形廃棄物
は、従来の嫌気性消化処理又は堆肥化処理にて処理する
方法が別置の装置で行うことに成るが、有機性固形廃棄
物の嫌気性消化処理では、極めて処理時間が長期間とな
り、また、処理後の消化汚泥が多量に発生する問題があ
る。堆肥化処理においては、固形廃棄物の種類によって
は、堆肥化利用されないものもあり、また、現状では、
製造された堆肥の引き取り先が少なく、埋め立て処分な
どをしなければならなくなる問題もある。[0012] Further, although the above-mentioned respective publications describe the volume reduction of sludge, there is no description about the treatment of organic solid waste. Therefore, organic solid waste will be treated by a separate device as a conventional method of treating by anaerobic digestion treatment or composting treatment, but in the case of anaerobic digestion treatment of organic solid waste, it is extremely treated. There is a problem that it takes a long time and a large amount of digested sludge is generated after the treatment. In the composting process, depending on the type of solid waste, there are some that are not used for composting, and at present,
There is also a problem that the manufactured compost has to be collected in a few places and must be disposed of in landfills.
【0013】本発明は、前記従来の汚泥処分及び減容化
処理における問題点に鑑みて成されたものであり、生物
学的排水処理における余剰汚泥発生量のゼロ化又は少な
くとも減容化を図ることができるとともに、設備の小型
化が図られ、また、運転経費や設備費などが低廉化でき
る。同時に、余剰汚泥及び/又は有機性固形廃棄物から
メタンガスを生成し、生成メタンガスを燃料などとして
再資源化することができる有機性廃棄物の処理方法を提
供する目的で成されたものである。The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-mentioned conventional sludge disposal and volume reduction treatments, and aims at reducing the amount of excess sludge generated in biological wastewater treatment to at least zero or reducing the volume. In addition, the equipment can be downsized, and operating costs and equipment costs can be reduced. At the same time, it was made for the purpose of providing a method for treating organic waste, which is capable of producing methane gas from excess sludge and / or organic solid waste and recycling the produced methane gas as fuel or the like.
【0014】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
の本発明の要旨は、請求項1に記載した発明において
は、有機性排水を好気性で生物処理する好気性生物処理
工程と、生物処理された混合液中の汚泥を固液分離する
固液分離工程と、分離された汚泥の少なくとも一部を返
送汚泥として前記好気性生物処理工程に返送する汚泥返
送工程と、残部の汚泥を余剰汚泥とし、その少なくとも
一部を可溶化処理する可溶化処理工程を設けるととも
に、有機性固形廃棄物を嫌気性で生物処理する嫌気性消
化処理工程と、嫌気性消化処理された消化汚泥を前記好
気性生物処理工程及び/又は前記可溶化処理工程に供給
する消化汚泥供給工程と、可溶化処理された可溶化汚泥
を前記好気性生物処理工程に返送する可溶化汚泥返送工
程を設けたことを特徴とする有機性廃棄物の処理方法で
ある。Means for Solving the Problems The gist of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is, in the invention described in claim 1, an aerobic biological treatment step for biologically treating organic wastewater aerobically, and an organism. A solid-liquid separation step of solid-liquid separating sludge in the treated mixed liquid, a sludge returning step of returning at least a part of the separated sludge to the aerobic biological treatment step as return sludge, and a residual sludge surplus The sludge is provided with a solubilization treatment step of solubilizing at least a part of the sludge, and an anaerobic digestion treatment step of biologically treating the organic solid waste with anaerobic digestion and digested sludge subjected to the anaerobic digestion treatment as described above. It is characterized by providing a digestive sludge supplying step for supplying to the aerobic biological treatment step and / or the solubilizing treatment step and a solubilized sludge returning step for returning the solubilized solubilized sludge to the aerobic biological treatment step. A treatment method of organic waste.
【0015】余剰汚泥を嫌気性消化処理のみで減容化す
る場合には、活性汚泥微生物の細胞を構成するポリペプ
チドや多糖類などは分解しにくく、残存しやすいが、前
記請求項1の構成とすることにより、分解しないポリペ
プチドや多糖類などは、可溶化処理槽で低分子化させる
ことができるため、汚泥の減容化を効率的に行うことが
でき、余剰汚泥発生量のゼロ化又は少なくとも減容化を
図ることができる。更に、有機性固形廃棄物から生成し
たメタンガスを汚泥の加温に利用することで、減容化処
理のランニングコストを押さえることが可能となり、運
転経費や設備費などが低廉化できる。When the volume of the excess sludge is reduced only by the anaerobic digestion treatment, the polypeptides and polysaccharides constituting the cells of the activated sludge microorganisms are difficult to decompose and easily remain, but the constitution of the above-mentioned claim 1. By doing so, since polypeptides and polysaccharides that do not decompose can be reduced to low molecular weight in the solubilization treatment tank, the volume of sludge can be efficiently reduced and the amount of excess sludge generated can be reduced to zero. Alternatively, at least the volume can be reduced. Furthermore, by using methane gas generated from organic solid waste for heating sludge, it is possible to suppress the running cost of volume reduction treatment, and to reduce operating costs and equipment costs.
【0016】なお、嫌気性消化処理工程に嫌気性消化槽
を用いた場合には、温度25〜75℃、好ましくは45
〜60℃、滞留時間24時間〜2週間で処理される。温
度が25℃よりも低いと、生物学的嫌気性消化処理が進
みにくいなどの問題があり、また、75℃よりも高い
と、嫌気性微生物が生存しにくいなどの問題がある。ま
た、可溶化処理工程に高温好気性微生物による好熱性微
生物可溶化槽を用いた場合には、温度45〜75℃、好
ましくは55〜70℃、滞留時間10〜100時間で処
理される。温度が45℃よりも低いと、好熱性微生物の
活性がほとんどなくなるなどの問題があり、また、75
℃よりも高いと好熱性微生物が生存しにくいなどの問題
がある。When an anaerobic digestion tank is used in the anaerobic digestion process, the temperature is 25 to 75 ° C., preferably 45.
It is processed at -60 ° C and a residence time of 24 hours to 2 weeks. When the temperature is lower than 25 ° C, there is a problem that biological anaerobic digestion treatment is difficult to proceed, and when the temperature is higher than 75 ° C, there is a problem that anaerobic microorganisms are hard to survive. Further, when a thermophilic microorganism solubilization tank using high temperature aerobic microorganisms is used in the solubilization treatment step, the treatment is carried out at a temperature of 45 to 75 ° C, preferably 55 to 70 ° C, and a residence time of 10 to 100 hours. If the temperature is lower than 45 ° C, there is a problem that the activity of thermophilic microorganisms is almost lost.
If it is higher than ℃, there is a problem that the thermophilic microorganisms are hard to survive.
【0017】また、請求項2に記載した発明において
は、請求項1に記載の有機性廃棄物の処理方法におい
て、余剰汚泥及び/又は有機性固形物を濃縮する濃縮工
程を設け、濃縮固形物の少なくとも一部を嫌気性消化処
理工程に供給して嫌気性で生物処理する有機性廃棄物の
処理方法である。Further, in the invention described in claim 2, in the method for treating organic waste according to claim 1, a concentration step for concentrating excess sludge and / or organic solid matter is provided to provide concentrated solid matter. Is a method for treating organic waste, in which at least a part of the above is supplied to the anaerobic digestion treatment step and biologically treated anaerobically.
【0018】前記請求項2の汚泥濃縮工程を設けた構成
では、濃縮した汚泥及び/又は有機性固形物を可溶化処
理工程及び嫌気性消化処理工程などに供給することによ
り、生物処理におけるより好適な含水率及び有機物濃度
となり、処理容量を低減することができるため、効率的
にメタンガスを得ると同時に汚泥の可溶化も効率的に行
うことができる。In the constitution provided with the sludge concentrating step of claim 2, it is more preferable in biological treatment by supplying the concentrated sludge and / or organic solid matter to the solubilization treatment step and the anaerobic digestion treatment step. Since the water content and the organic matter concentration are high and the treatment capacity can be reduced, methane gas can be efficiently obtained and at the same time, sludge can be efficiently solubilized.
【0019】なお、汚泥濃縮工程で濃縮した汚泥濃度
は、2〜10wt%が好ましく、汚泥濃度が2wt%よ
りも低いと処理速度の低下や多大の加熱エネルギーが必
要となるなどの問題があり、また、10wt%よりも高
いと流動性の低下により混合が困難となり、処理効率が
低下するなどの問題がある。The sludge concentration concentrated in the sludge concentration step is preferably 2 to 10 wt%, and if the sludge concentration is lower than 2 wt%, there are problems such as a decrease in treatment speed and a large amount of heating energy. On the other hand, if it is higher than 10% by weight, the fluidity is lowered and thus the mixing becomes difficult and the treatment efficiency is lowered.
【0020】前記各請求項において、可溶化処理工程で
は、高温好気性微生物による好熱性微生物可溶化法、ア
ルカリ性で分解するアルカリ可溶化法、超音波で可溶化
する超音波可溶化法、その他各種公知の可溶化法を適宜
用いることができる。また、固液分離工程では、沈殿槽
や濾過膜分離装置などが用いられ、汚泥濃縮工程では、
遠心分離装置、濾過膜分離装置又は濾過装置などが用い
られる。更に、可溶化処理工程として、好熱性微生物可
溶化法を用いる場合には、沈殿槽などで固液分離された
濃縮汚泥と可溶化処理槽で可溶化処理された汚泥とを熱
交換する熱交換器を設けてもよい。In each of the above claims, in the solubilization treatment step, a thermophilic microbial solubilization method using a high-temperature aerobic microorganism, an alkali solubilization method that decomposes with an alkali, an ultrasonic solubilization method that solubilizes with ultrasonic waves, and various other methods. A known solubilization method can be appropriately used. Further, in the solid-liquid separation step, a sedimentation tank or a filtration membrane separation device is used, and in the sludge concentration step,
A centrifugal separator, a filter membrane separator, a filter, or the like is used. Furthermore, when the thermophilic microbial solubilization method is used as the solubilization treatment step, heat exchange for heat exchange between the concentrated sludge solid-liquid separated in the settling tank and the solubilized sludge in the solubilization treatment tank. May be provided.
【0021】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明の一実施の形
態の有機性廃棄物処理装置の系統図、図2は本発明の他
の実施の形態の有機性廃棄物処理装置の系統図、図3は
本発明の他の実施の形態の有機性廃棄物処理装置の系統
図である。なお、全図において、相当する作用を有する
部材については同一の符号を付与した。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a system diagram of an organic waste treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an organic waste treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a systematic diagram of the organic waste treatment apparatus of the embodiment. In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to members having corresponding functions.
【0022】全図において、1は、下水、食品排水、厨
房排水又はし尿などの原水の排水供給量及びpH値など
を調整する流量調整槽、2は、底部に散気手段7が内設
され、供給された原水を空気などの酸素含有気体で曝気
することにより原水中の有機物を好気性微生物の生物学
的作用で分解処理する好気性生物処理工程である活性汚
泥処理槽、3は、生物処理された混合液中の汚泥を沈降
分離する固液分離工程である汚泥分離槽、4は、食品廃
棄物や浄化槽汚泥などの有機性固形廃棄物中の比較的大
きな固形物を細分化する破砕機、5は、有機性廃棄物中
の有機物を嫌気性微生物の生物学的作用で分解処理する
嫌気性消化処理工程である嫌気性消化槽である。In all of the drawings, 1 is a flow rate adjusting tank for adjusting the amount of supplied wastewater such as sewage, food wastewater, kitchen wastewater, or human waste water and the pH value, and 2 is an aeration means 7 provided at the bottom. , An activated sludge treatment tank 3, which is an aerobic biological treatment process that decomposes the organic matter in the raw water by a biological action of aerobic microorganisms by aerating the supplied raw water with an oxygen-containing gas such as air. A sludge separation tank, which is a solid-liquid separation process for settling and separating sludge in the treated mixed liquid, is a crushing machine for fragmenting relatively large solid matter in organic solid waste such as food waste and septic tank sludge. Machines 5 are anaerobic digestion tanks, which are anaerobic digestion treatment steps for decomposing organic substances in organic waste by the biological action of anaerobic microorganisms.
【0023】また、6は、有機性固形廃棄物、嫌気性消
化汚泥、及び/又は沈降分離された汚泥の少なくとも一
部である余剰汚泥を可溶化処理する可溶化処理工程であ
る可溶化処理槽であり、本可溶化処理槽6は、底部に散
気手段8が内設されており、温度40〜100℃の高温
条件で、空気などの酸素含有気体で曝気することにより
汚泥を形成する有機物を好気性生物処理して可溶化する
好熱性微生物可溶化処理槽であるが、これには限定され
ない。なお、可溶化処理槽6には処理槽内の汚泥を加熱
するスチームなどの図示しない加熱手段が配置されてい
る。Further, 6 is a solubilization treatment tank which is a solubilization treatment step for solubilizing the organic solid waste, the anaerobic digestion sludge, and / or the excess sludge which is at least a part of the sludge separated and settled. The solubilization treatment tank 6 is provided with an air diffuser 8 at the bottom and is an organic substance that forms sludge by aeration with an oxygen-containing gas such as air under a high temperature condition of 40 to 100 ° C. Is a thermophilic microbial solubilization treatment tank for aerobically treating and solubilizing aerobic organisms, but is not limited thereto. The solubilization treatment tank 6 is provided with a heating means (not shown) such as steam for heating the sludge in the treatment tank.
【0024】図2において、9は、余剰汚泥の濃縮工程
である遠心分離装置などの汚泥濃縮装置であり、また、
図3において、10は、破砕機4で破砕処理された有機
性固形廃棄物中の固形物を濃縮処理する固形物の濃縮工
程である固形物濃縮装置である。なお、固形物濃縮装置
10は、汚泥濃縮装置9と共用する構成としてもよく、
また、有機性固形廃棄物を細分化する破砕機4は、処理
物によっては必ずしも設ける必要がない。In FIG. 2, 9 is a sludge concentrating device such as a centrifugal separator which is a process for concentrating excess sludge, and
In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a solid substance concentrating device which is a solid substance concentration step of concentrating the solid substance in the organic solid waste crushed by the crusher 4. The solid matter concentrating device 10 may be shared with the sludge concentrating device 9,
Further, the crusher 4 for subdividing the organic solid waste does not necessarily have to be provided depending on the processed material.
【0025】また、前記実施の形態においては、好気性
生物処理工程に、通常の活性汚泥処理装置が用いられて
いるが、合成樹脂や繊維状などの生物保持担体を固定し
て充填した固定床式処理槽や生物保持担体を流動可能に
充填した流動床式生物処理槽などでもよい。また、嫌気
性消化処理工程では、嫌気性消化槽による単一槽での処
理であるが、酸発酵槽と嫌気性消化槽とを組み合わせた
二槽での処理などであってもよく、また、可溶化処理工
程では、高温好気性微生物による好熱性微生物可溶化法
を用いているが、アルカリ性で分解するアルカリ可溶化
法、超音波で可溶化する超音波可溶化法、その他各種公
知の可溶化法を適宜用いることができる。Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a normal activated sludge treatment device is used in the aerobic biological treatment step, but a fixed bed filled with a biological support carrier such as synthetic resin or fibrous material is fixed. It may be a fluidized bed type biological treatment tank in which a biological treatment tank or a biological support carrier is fluidly filled. Further, in the anaerobic digestion treatment step, although it is a single-tank treatment by an anaerobic digestion tank, it may be a two-tank treatment combining an acid fermentation tank and an anaerobic digestion tank, and the like. In the solubilization treatment process, a thermophilic microbial solubilization method using a thermophilic aerobic microorganism is used, but an alkali solubilization method that decomposes in an alkaline manner, an ultrasonic solubilization method that solubilizes by ultrasonic waves, and various other known solubilization methods The method can be used as appropriate.
【0026】更に、固液分離工程の汚泥分離槽は、沈殿
槽を用いるのが好ましいが、濾過膜分離装置などでもよ
く、また、汚泥濃縮工程での汚泥濃縮装置は、遠心分離
装置を用いるのが好ましいが、濾過膜分離装置又は濾過
装置などであってもよい。なお、汚泥分離槽などで固液
分離された濃縮汚泥と可溶化処理槽で可溶化処理された
汚泥とを熱交換する熱交換器を設けてもよい。Further, although it is preferable to use a sedimentation tank as the sludge separation tank in the solid-liquid separation step, a filtration membrane separation device or the like may be used, and the sludge concentration apparatus in the sludge concentration step uses a centrifugal separator. However, a filtration membrane separation device or a filtration device may be used. A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the concentrated sludge solid-liquid separated in the sludge separation tank and the sludge solubilized in the solubilization treatment tank may be provided.
【0027】次に図1の構成の有機性廃棄物処理装置に
より有機性廃棄物を処理する処理方法について以下詳述
する。有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性排水は、原水供給流
路20から流量調整槽1に供給されて一旦貯留され、必
要によりpH値などが調整されたのち、排水供給量を調
整されて調整原水供給流路21から活性汚泥処理槽2に
供給され、散気手段8から供給される空気などの酸素含
有気体で曝気されることにより、浮遊する好気性微生物
である活性汚泥の生物学的作用で、原水中の有機物が効
率的に酸化分解される。なお、活性汚泥処理槽2におけ
る処理温度としては、10〜45℃が好ましい。Next, a treatment method for treating organic waste by the organic waste treatment apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 1 will be described in detail below. The organic wastewater of the organic waste is supplied from the raw water supply flow path 20 to the flow rate adjusting tank 1 and temporarily stored, and after adjusting the pH value and the like as necessary, the wastewater supply amount is adjusted to adjust the raw water. By supplying the activated sludge from the supply channel 21 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 and aerating with the oxygen-containing gas such as the air supplied from the air diffusing means 8, the activated sludge, which is a floating aerobic microorganism, has a biological effect. , Organic matter in raw water is efficiently oxidatively decomposed. The treatment temperature in the activated sludge treatment tank 2 is preferably 10 to 45 ° C.
【0028】活性汚泥処理槽2で増殖した汚泥が混合し
た混合液は、混合液排出流路22から汚泥分離槽3に導
入され、静置することにより汚泥が自然沈降して分離さ
れ、清浄化された処理水は、処理水排出流路23から系
外に排出される。また、沈汚泥分離槽3で沈降分離され
た汚泥は、汚泥分離槽3の汚泥抜出し流路24から抜き
出され、一部は汚泥返送流路25から返送汚泥として活
性汚泥処理槽2に返送される。残部の分離汚泥は余剰汚
泥供給流路26から抜出され、その一部は、汚泥排出流
路32から系外に排出され、図示しない汚泥処理装置な
どで処理される。残部の余剰汚泥は可溶化処理槽5に供
給される。The mixed liquid in which the sludge grown in the activated sludge treatment tank 2 is mixed is introduced into the sludge separation tank 3 from the mixed liquid discharge passage 22 and left to stand to allow the sludge to spontaneously settle and separate to be cleaned. The treated water thus treated is discharged from the treated water discharge channel 23 to the outside of the system. The sludge settled and separated in the sludge separation tank 3 is extracted from the sludge extraction flow path 24 of the sludge separation tank 3, and a part of the sludge is returned from the sludge return flow path 25 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 as return sludge. It The remaining separated sludge is extracted from the surplus sludge supply channel 26, and a part thereof is discharged from the sludge discharge channel 32 to the outside of the system and treated by a sludge treatment device (not shown) or the like. The remaining excess sludge is supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 5.
【0029】一方、有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性固形廃
棄物は、固形廃棄物供給流路28から破砕機4に供給さ
れ、比較的大きな固形物が細分化されたのち、破砕廃棄
物供給流路29から嫌気性消化槽5に供給され、嫌気性
状態で、温度25〜75℃、好ましくは45〜60℃、
滞留時間24時間〜2週間で処理することにより、浮遊
する嫌気性微生物の生物学的作用で、固形物中の有機物
が効率的に還元分解され、発生したメタンガスを主体と
するガスはガス排出流路31から系外に排出され、必要
により脱硫処理をされたのちガスホルダなどで貯留さ
れ、燃料ガスなどとして使用される。なお、破砕機4で
は、固形物を10mm以下に細分化するが、2mm以下
とするのが好ましい。On the other hand, the organic solid waste among the organic waste is supplied from the solid waste supply passage 28 to the crusher 4, and after the relatively large solid matter is fragmented, the crushed waste is supplied. It is supplied to the anaerobic digestion tank 5 from the flow path 29, and in an anaerobic state, the temperature is 25 to 75 ° C, preferably 45 to 60 ° C.
By treating with a residence time of 24 hours to 2 weeks, organic matter in the solid matter is efficiently reduced and decomposed by the biological action of floating anaerobic microorganisms, and the gas mainly generated is methane gas. It is discharged from the system 31 to the outside of the system, optionally desulfurized, and then stored in a gas holder or the like and used as fuel gas or the like. In the crusher 4, the solid matter is subdivided into 10 mm or less, but preferably 2 mm or less.
【0030】また、嫌気性で消化処理された固形廃棄物
は消化汚泥として可溶化用消化汚泥供給流路30から可
溶化処理槽6に供給される。可溶化処理槽5に供給され
た余剰汚泥及び消化汚泥は、温度45〜75℃、好まし
くは55〜70℃、滞留時間10〜100時間で、散気
手段8から供給される空気などの酸素含有気体で曝気さ
れることにより、高温好気性微生物の生物学的作用によ
り、汚泥中の微生物が効率的に死滅・分解して低分子化
した有機物となって可溶化される。また、前記の余剰汚
泥の少なくとも一部を余剰汚泥供給流路26aから嫌気
性消化槽5に供給して、前記固形廃棄物と同様に嫌気性
消化処理する工程を設けてもよく、また、嫌気性消化処
理された消化汚泥を消化汚泥循環流路30aから活性汚
泥処理槽2に循環供給する工程としてもよい。なお、可
溶化処理槽5では、高濃度酸素含有気体を使用すること
により、酸素の溶解効率を極めて高くすることができ、
処理効率も高くなるため好ましい。The anaerobic digested solid waste is supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 6 as digestion sludge from the solubilization digestion sludge supply channel 30. The excess sludge and digested sludge supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 5 contain oxygen such as air supplied from the aeration means 8 at a temperature of 45 to 75 ° C., preferably 55 to 70 ° C., and a residence time of 10 to 100 hours. By aeration with gas, the microorganisms in the sludge are efficiently killed and decomposed by the biological action of the thermophilic aerobic microorganisms, and solubilized as low-molecularized organic matter. Further, there may be provided a step of supplying at least a part of the excess sludge to the anaerobic digestion tank 5 from the excess sludge supply flow path 26a and performing an anaerobic digestion treatment similar to the solid waste. The step of circulating and supplying the digested sludge that has been subjected to the digestive digestion treatment to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 from the digested sludge circulation channel 30a may be performed. In the solubilization treatment tank 5, by using a high-concentration oxygen-containing gas, the oxygen dissolution efficiency can be made extremely high,
It is preferable because the treatment efficiency is also high.
【0031】可溶化処理槽5で可溶化処理された汚泥
は、汚泥循環流路27から活性汚泥処理槽2に循環供給
され、原水中の有機物と共に、浮遊する好気性微生物で
ある汚泥の生物学的作用で効率的に酸化分解されること
により、発生汚泥の減容化を図ることができ、余剰汚泥
としての発生量をゼロ又は少なくとも減容化することが
できる。The sludge solubilized in the solubilization treatment tank 5 is circulated and supplied from the sludge circulation channel 27 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2, and the biology of sludge, which is an aerobic microorganism floating with the organic matter in the raw water. It is possible to reduce the volume of the generated sludge by efficiently oxidizing and decomposing it by a physical action, and to reduce the amount of the generated excess sludge to zero or at least.
【0032】次に図2の構成の有機性廃棄物処理装置に
より有機性廃棄物を処理する処理方法について以下詳述
する。有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性排水は、原水供給流
路20から流量調整槽1に供給されて一旦貯留され、必
要によりpH値などが調整されたのち、排水供給量を調
整されて調整原水供給流路21から活性汚泥処理槽2に
供給され、散気手段8から供給される空気などの酸素含
有気体で曝気されることにより、浮遊する好気性微生物
である活性汚泥の生物学的作用で、原水中の有機物が効
率的に酸化分解される。Next, a treatment method for treating organic waste by the organic waste treatment apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 2 will be described in detail below. The organic wastewater of the organic waste is supplied from the raw water supply flow path 20 to the flow rate adjusting tank 1 and temporarily stored, and after adjusting the pH value and the like as necessary, the wastewater supply amount is adjusted to adjust the raw water. By supplying the activated sludge from the supply channel 21 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 and aerating with the oxygen-containing gas such as the air supplied from the air diffusing means 8, the activated sludge, which is a floating aerobic microorganism, has a biological effect. , Organic matter in raw water is efficiently oxidatively decomposed.
【0033】活性汚泥処理槽2で増殖した汚泥が混合し
た混合液は、混合液排出流路22から汚泥分離槽3に導
入され、静置することにより汚泥が自然沈降して分離さ
れ、清浄化された処理水は、処理水排出流路23から系
外に排出される。また、沈汚泥分離槽3で沈降分離され
た汚泥は、汚泥分離槽3の汚泥抜出し流路24から抜き
出され、一部は汚泥返送流路25から返送汚泥として活
性汚泥処理槽2に返送される。残部の分離汚泥は余剰汚
泥抜出し流路26から抜出され、その一部は、汚泥排出
流路32から系外に排出され、図示しない汚泥処理装置
などで処理される。残部の余剰汚泥は、余剰汚泥供給流
路26から汚泥濃縮装置9に供給され、濃縮処理された
のち、濃縮汚泥供給流路33から可溶化処理槽6に供給
される。なお、濃縮処理した汚泥の汚泥濃度は、2〜1
0wt%が好ましく、汚泥濃度が2wt%よりも低いと
処理速度の低下や多大の加熱エネルギーが必要となるな
どの問題があり、また、10wt%よりも高いと流動性
の低下により混合が困難となり、処理効率が低下するな
どの問題がある。The mixed liquid in which the sludge grown in the activated sludge treatment tank 2 is mixed is introduced into the sludge separation tank 3 from the mixed liquid discharge channel 22, and the sludge is naturally settled and separated by standing and cleaned. The treated water thus treated is discharged from the treated water discharge channel 23 to the outside of the system. The sludge settled and separated in the sludge separation tank 3 is extracted from the sludge extraction flow path 24 of the sludge separation tank 3, and a part of the sludge is returned from the sludge return flow path 25 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 as return sludge. It The remaining separated sludge is extracted from the excess sludge extraction flow path 26, and a part of the separated sludge is discharged to the outside of the system from the sludge discharge flow path 32 and processed by a sludge treatment device (not shown) or the like. The remaining excess sludge is supplied from the excess sludge supply channel 26 to the sludge concentrating device 9 and concentrated, and then supplied from the concentrated sludge supply channel 33 to the solubilization treatment tank 6. The sludge concentration of the sludge that has been concentrated is 2-1.
0 wt% is preferable, and if the sludge concentration is lower than 2 wt%, there are problems such as a decrease in processing speed and a large amount of heating energy, and if it is higher than 10 wt%, mixing becomes difficult due to a decrease in fluidity. However, there is a problem that the processing efficiency decreases.
【0034】一方、有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性固形廃
棄物は、固形廃棄物供給流路28から破砕機4に供給さ
れ、比較的大きな固形物が細分化されたのち、破砕廃棄
物供給流路29から嫌気性消化槽5に供給され、浮遊す
る嫌気性微生物の生物学的作用で、固形物中の有機物が
効率的に還元分解され、発生したメタンガスを主体とす
る生成ガスはガス排出流路31から系外に排出され、必
要により脱硫処理をされたのちガスホルダなどで貯留さ
れ、燃料ガスなどとして使用される。On the other hand, the organic solid waste among the organic waste is supplied to the crusher 4 from the solid waste supply flow path 28, and after the relatively large solids are fragmented, the crushed waste is supplied. The organic substances in the solid matter are efficiently reduced and decomposed by the biological action of the floating anaerobic microorganisms supplied to the anaerobic digestion tank 5 from the flow path 29, and the generated gas mainly generated methane gas is discharged. It is discharged from the flow path 31 to the outside of the system, optionally desulfurized, stored in a gas holder or the like, and used as fuel gas or the like.
【0035】また、嫌気性で消化処理された固形廃棄物
は消化汚泥として可溶化用消化汚泥供給流路30から可
溶化処理槽6に供給される。可溶化処理槽5に供給され
た余剰汚泥及び消化汚泥は、散気手段8から供給される
空気などの酸素含有気体で曝気されることにより、高温
好気性微生物の生物学的作用により、汚泥中の微生物が
効率的に死滅・分解して低分子化した有機物となって可
溶化される。また、前記の濃縮汚泥の少なくとも一部を
濃縮汚泥供給流路33aから嫌気性消化槽5に供給し
て、前記固形廃棄物と同様に嫌気性消化処理する工程を
設けてもよく、更に、嫌気性消化処理された消化汚泥を
消化汚泥濃縮流路34aから汚泥濃縮装置9に供給する
工程を設けてもよい。なお、活性汚泥処理槽2、可溶化
処理槽及び嫌気性消化槽などにおける処理条件は、図1
と同様な条件で行うのが好ましい。The anaerobic digested solid waste is supplied as digestion sludge from the digestion sludge supply channel 30 to the solubilization treatment tank 6. The excess sludge and digested sludge supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 5 are aerated with an oxygen-containing gas such as air supplied from the air diffusing means 8 to cause biological effects of high temperature aerobic microorganisms, and Microorganisms are efficiently killed and decomposed to become low molecular weight organic matter and solubilized. Further, there may be provided a step of supplying at least a part of the concentrated sludge to the anaerobic digestion tank 5 from the concentrated sludge supply flow path 33a and performing an anaerobic digestion treatment similar to the solid waste. A step of supplying the digested sludge subjected to the sexual digestion treatment to the sludge concentrating device 9 from the digested sludge condensing channel 34a may be provided. The treatment conditions in the activated sludge treatment tank 2, the solubilization treatment tank, the anaerobic digestion tank, etc. are shown in FIG.
It is preferable to carry out under the same conditions as.
【0036】可溶化処理槽5で可溶化処理された汚泥
は、汚泥循環流路27から活性汚泥処理槽2に循環供給
され、原水中の有機物と共に、浮遊する好気性微生物で
ある汚泥の生物学的作用で効率的に酸化分解されること
により、発生汚泥の減容化を図ることができ、余剰汚泥
としての発生量をゼロ又は少なくとも減容化することが
できる。The sludge solubilized in the solubilization treatment tank 5 is circulated and supplied from the sludge circulation channel 27 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2, and the biology of sludge, which is an aerobic microorganism floating with the organic matter in the raw water. It is possible to reduce the volume of the generated sludge by efficiently oxidizing and decomposing it by a physical action, and to reduce the amount of the generated excess sludge to zero or at least.
【0037】次に図3の構成の有機性廃棄物処理装置に
より有機性廃棄物を処理する処理方法について以下詳述
する。有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性排水は、原水供給流
路20から流量調整槽1に供給されて一旦貯留され、必
要によりpH値などが調整されたのち、排水供給量を調
整されて調整原水供給流路21から活性汚泥処理槽2に
供給され、散気手段8から供給される空気などの酸素含
有気体で曝気されることにより、浮遊する好気性微生物
である活性汚泥の生物学的作用で、原水中の有機物が効
率的に酸化分解される。Next, a treatment method for treating organic waste by the organic waste treatment apparatus having the configuration of FIG. 3 will be described in detail below. The organic wastewater of the organic waste is supplied from the raw water supply flow path 20 to the flow rate adjusting tank 1 and temporarily stored, and after adjusting the pH value and the like as necessary, the wastewater supply amount is adjusted to adjust the raw water. By supplying the activated sludge from the supply channel 21 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 and aerating with the oxygen-containing gas such as the air supplied from the air diffusing means 8, the activated sludge, which is a floating aerobic microorganism, has a biological effect. , Organic matter in raw water is efficiently oxidatively decomposed.
【0038】活性汚泥処理槽2で増殖した汚泥が混合し
た混合液は、混合液排出流路22から汚泥分離槽3に導
入され、静置することにより汚泥が自然沈降して分離さ
れ、清浄化された処理水は、処理水排出流路23から系
外に排出される。また、沈汚泥分離槽3で沈降分離され
た汚泥は、汚泥分離槽3の汚泥抜出し流路24から抜き
出され、一部は汚泥返送流路25から返送汚泥として活
性汚泥処理槽2に返送される。残部の分離汚泥は余剰汚
泥抜出し流路26から抜出され、その一部は、汚泥排出
流路32から系外に排出され、図示しない汚泥処理装置
などで処理される。残部の余剰汚泥は、余剰汚泥供給流
路26から汚泥濃縮装置9に供給され、濃縮処理された
のち、濃縮汚泥供給流路33から可溶化処理槽6に供給
される。なお、濃縮処理した汚泥の汚泥濃度は、2〜1
0wt%が好ましく、汚泥濃度が2wt%よりも低いと
処理速度の低下や多大の加熱エネルギーが必要となるな
どの問題があり、また、10wt%よりも高いと流動性
の低下により混合が困難となり、処理効率が低下するな
どの問題がある。The mixed liquid in which the sludge grown in the activated sludge treatment tank 2 is mixed is introduced into the sludge separation tank 3 from the mixed liquid discharge channel 22 and left to stand to allow the sludge to spontaneously settle and separate, and to be cleaned. The treated water thus treated is discharged from the treated water discharge channel 23 to the outside of the system. The sludge settled and separated in the sludge separation tank 3 is extracted from the sludge extraction flow path 24 of the sludge separation tank 3, and a part of the sludge is returned from the sludge return flow path 25 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 as return sludge. It The remaining separated sludge is extracted from the excess sludge extraction flow path 26, and a part of the separated sludge is discharged to the outside of the system from the sludge discharge flow path 32 and processed by a sludge treatment device (not shown) or the like. The remaining excess sludge is supplied from the excess sludge supply channel 26 to the sludge concentrating device 9 and concentrated, and then supplied from the concentrated sludge supply channel 33 to the solubilization treatment tank 6. The sludge concentration of the sludge that has been concentrated is 2-1.
0 wt% is preferable, and if the sludge concentration is lower than 2 wt%, there are problems such as a decrease in processing speed and a large amount of heating energy, and if it is higher than 10 wt%, mixing becomes difficult due to a decrease in fluidity. However, there is a problem that the processing efficiency decreases.
【0039】一方、有機性廃棄物のうちの有機性固形廃
棄物は、固形廃棄物供給流路28から破砕機4に供給さ
れ、比較的大きな固形物が細分化されたのち、破砕廃棄
物供給流路29から固形物濃縮装置10に供給される。
固形物濃縮装置10に供給された有機性固形廃棄物中の
固形物が濃縮されたのち、濃縮固形物供給流路35から
嫌気性消化槽5に供給され、浮遊する嫌気性微生物の生
物学的作用で、固形物中の有機物が効率的に還元分解さ
れ、発生したメタンガスを主体とする生成ガスはガス排
出流路31から系外に排出され、必要により脱硫処理を
されたのちガスホルダなどで貯留され、燃料ガスなどと
して使用される。On the other hand, the organic solid waste of the organic waste is supplied from the solid waste supply passage 28 to the crusher 4, and after the relatively large solids are fragmented, the crushed waste is supplied. The solid content concentrator 10 is supplied from the flow path 29.
After the solid matter in the organic solid waste supplied to the solid matter concentrating device 10 is concentrated, it is supplied to the anaerobic digestion tank 5 from the concentrated solid matter supply channel 35, and the biological matter of the floating anaerobic microorganisms is supplied. By the action, the organic matter in the solid matter is efficiently reduced and decomposed, and the produced gas mainly composed of the generated methane gas is discharged from the system through the gas discharge passage 31 and, if necessary, desulfurized and then stored in a gas holder or the like. And used as fuel gas.
【0040】また、嫌気性で消化処理された固形廃棄物
は消化汚泥として可溶化用消化汚泥供給流路30から可
溶化処理槽6に供給される。可溶化処理槽5に供給され
た余剰汚泥及び消化汚泥は、散気手段8から供給される
空気などの酸素含有気体で曝気されることにより、高温
好気性微生物の生物学的作用により、汚泥中の微生物が
効率的に死滅・分解して低分子化した有機物となって可
溶化される。また、固形物濃縮装置10で濃縮された固
形物の少なくとも一部を、濃縮固形物供給流路35aか
ら直接可溶化処理槽6に供給する工程、嫌気性消化処理
された消化汚泥を消化汚泥濃縮流路34aから汚泥濃縮
装置9に供給する工程などを設けてもよい。更に、嫌気
性消化処理された消化汚泥を消化汚泥循環流路30aか
ら活性汚泥処理槽2に循環供給する工程としてもよい。
なお、活性汚泥処理槽2、可溶化処理槽、嫌気性消化槽
及び汚泥濃縮装置などにおける処理条件は、図1及び図
2と同様な条件で行うのが好ましい。The anaerobic digested solid waste is supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 6 as digestion sludge from the solubilization digestion sludge supply channel 30. The excess sludge and digested sludge supplied to the solubilization treatment tank 5 are aerated with an oxygen-containing gas such as air supplied from the air diffusing means 8 to cause biological effects of high temperature aerobic microorganisms, and Microorganisms are efficiently killed and decomposed to become low molecular weight organic matter and solubilized. Further, a step of supplying at least a part of the solid matter concentrated by the solid matter concentrating device 10 directly to the solubilization treatment tank 6 from the concentrated solid matter supply flow path 35a, the digested sludge subjected to the anaerobic digestion treatment is digested sludge concentrated. You may provide the process etc. which supply to the sludge condensing device 9 from the flow path 34a. Further, a step of circulating and supplying the digested sludge that has been subjected to the anaerobic digestion treatment to the activated sludge treatment tank 2 from the digested sludge circulation flow channel 30a may be adopted.
The treatment conditions in the activated sludge treatment tank 2, the solubilization treatment tank, the anaerobic digestion tank, the sludge concentrator and the like are preferably the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【0041】可溶化処理槽5で可溶化処理された汚泥
は、汚泥循環流路27から活性汚泥処理槽2に循環供給
され、原水中の有機物と共に、浮遊する好気性微生物で
ある汚泥の生物学的作用で効率的に酸化分解されること
により、発生汚泥の減容化を図ることができ、余剰汚泥
としての発生量をゼロ又は少なくとも減容化することが
できる。The sludge solubilized in the solubilization treatment tank 5 is circulated and supplied from the sludge circulation channel 27 to the activated sludge treatment tank 2, and the biology of sludge which is an aerobic microorganism floating with the organic matter in the raw water. It is possible to reduce the volume of the generated sludge by efficiently oxidizing and decomposing it by a physical action, and to reduce the amount of the generated excess sludge to zero or at least.
【0042】[0042]
【発明の効果】本発明は、生物学的排水処理における余
剰汚泥発生量のゼロ化又は少なくとも減容化を図ること
ができるとともに、設備の小型化が図られ、また、運転
経費や設備費などが低廉化できる。同時に、余剰汚泥及
び/又は有機性固形廃棄物からメタンガスを生成し、生
成メタンガスを燃料などとして再資源化することができ
る有機性廃棄物の処理方法である。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can reduce the amount of surplus sludge generated in biological wastewater treatment to at least zero, or at least reduce the volume of the facility, and can downsize the facility. Can be cheaper. At the same time, it is a method for treating organic waste, which is capable of producing methane gas from excess sludge and / or organic solid waste and recycling the produced methane gas as fuel or the like.
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態の有機性廃棄物処理装置
の系統図FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an organic waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の他の実施の形態の有機性廃棄物処理装
置の系統図FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an organic waste treatment device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】本発明の他の実施の形態の有機性廃棄物処理装
置の系統図FIG. 3 is a system diagram of an organic waste treatment device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
1:流量調整槽 2:好気性生物処理工程(活性汚泥処理槽) 3:固液分離工程(汚泥分離槽) 4:破砕機 5:嫌気性消化処理工程(嫌気性消化槽) 6:可溶化処理工程(可溶化処理槽) 7、8:散気手段 9:汚泥濃縮装置 10:固形物濃縮装置 1: Flow rate adjustment tank 2: Aerobic biological treatment process (activated sludge treatment tank) 3: Solid-liquid separation process (sludge separation tank) 4: Crusher 5: Anaerobic digestion process (anaerobic digester) 6: Solubilization treatment process (solubilization treatment tank) 7, 8: Aeration means 9: Sludge concentrator 10: Solid concentration device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) C02F 11/04 B09B 3/00 D ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) C02F 11/04 B09B 3/00 D
Claims (2)
生物処理工程と、生物処理された混合液中の汚泥を固液
分離する固液分離工程と、分離された汚泥の少なくとも
一部を返送汚泥として前記好気性生物処理工程に返送す
る汚泥返送工程と、残部の汚泥を余剰汚泥とし、その少
なくとも一部を可溶化処理する可溶化処理工程を設ける
とともに、有機性固形廃棄物を嫌気性で生物処理する嫌
気性消化処理工程と、嫌気性消化処理された消化汚泥を
前記好気性生物処理工程及び/又は前記可溶化処理工程
に供給する消化汚泥供給工程と、可溶化処理された可溶
化汚泥を前記好気性生物処理工程に返送する可溶化汚泥
返送工程を設けたことを特徴とする有機性廃棄物の処理
方法。1. An aerobic biological treatment step of aerobically treating organic wastewater, a solid-liquid separation step of solid-liquid separation of sludge in a biologically treated mixed liquid, and at least a part of the separated sludge. A sludge returning step of returning the sludge to the aerobic biological treatment step as a returning sludge, and a solubilization processing step of solubilizing at least a part of the remaining sludge as an excess sludge, and anaerobic organic solid waste. Anaerobic digestion treatment step of biological treatment with oxidative property, digestive sludge supply step of supplying digested sludge subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment to the aerobic biological treatment step and / or the solubilization treatment step, and solubilized treatment A method for treating organic waste, comprising a solubilized sludge returning step for returning solubilized sludge to the aerobic biological treatment step.
る濃縮工程を設け、濃縮固形物の少なくとも一部を嫌気
性消化処理工程に供給して嫌気性で生物処理する請求項
1に記載の有機性廃棄物の処理方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a concentration step for concentrating excess sludge and / or organic solid matter is provided, and at least a part of the concentrated solid matter is supplied to the anaerobic digestion treatment step to perform anaerobic biological treatment. Of organic waste treatment.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007275845A (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Environment Co Ltd | Granular microorganism sludge preparation arrangement and granular microorganism sludge producing method |
JP2008029903A (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-14 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Treatment apparatus of drainage and waste material |
CN104550191A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Buffer pool for hydrolysis of small-granular organic wastes |
CN104787996A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-22 | 天津大学 | Alkali-ultrasonic synergistic wastewater treatment method and device |
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JP2001157900A (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-12 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for anaerobically digesting organic sludge |
JP2002361291A (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-17 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Anaerobic digesting apparatus |
-
2001
- 2001-08-30 JP JP2001261063A patent/JP2003071411A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001157900A (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-12 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method for anaerobically digesting organic sludge |
JP2002361291A (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-17 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Anaerobic digesting apparatus |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007275845A (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Environment Co Ltd | Granular microorganism sludge preparation arrangement and granular microorganism sludge producing method |
JP2008029903A (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-02-14 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Treatment apparatus of drainage and waste material |
CN104550191A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Buffer pool for hydrolysis of small-granular organic wastes |
CN104550191B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-01 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | For the Buffer Pool of small-particle organic waste hydrolysis |
CN104787996A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-22 | 天津大学 | Alkali-ultrasonic synergistic wastewater treatment method and device |
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