JP2003065515A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decompose harmful gas included in exhaust gas and make it harmless to an environment by allowing the exhaust gas to flow back downward and circulate in high temperature atmosphere. SOLUTION: An incinerator 10 uses coke as fuel for incineration so that the temperature of the furnace upon combustion reaches a high temperature of 1700 to 1800 deg.C. The exhaust gas is circulated in the atmosphere of high temperature to decompose harmful components such as dioxin, chlorine gas, nitrogen oxide or the like of the exhaust gas, and to exhaust the exhaust gas harmless to the environment. That is, the exhaust gas is supplied to the lower part of the incinerator 10 by an air supplying operation from an air supply pipe 17 so that the exhaust gas passes through the burning coke and is exhausted along a flue 16 extending to the side of the furnace 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas which is harmful to the environment by decomposing harmful components of the exhaust gas by circulating backward the exhaust gas in a high temperature atmosphere and circulating the exhaust gas. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas backflow type incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The production of dioxins has become a problem in incinerators that incinerate waste such as industrial waste. In addition, with more thorough implementation of environmental measures, regulations on the discharge of various harmful substances that have a load on the global environment, such as chlorine-based gas and volatile organic substances, have been strengthened.

A conventional general incinerator normally incinerates waste and industrial waste by burning heavy oil as a fuel while supplying air, and the temperature inside the incinerator at this time is 800 ° C. Controlled back and forth. However, even under such conditions, the generation of dioxins could not be completely suppressed, and the generation of harmful gases such as chlorine-based gas could not be completely suppressed.

In a very common incinerator, the exhaust gas produced by incinerating the incinerator in the incinerator usually rises inside the furnace and is discharged from a chimney provided above the incinerator. . Alternatively, there is also a fluidized gasification incineration facility that discharges the combustion exhaust gas to the atmosphere by sending the exhaust gas containing unburned components such as combustible gas and char to a secondary combustion chamber for combustion.

In the incinerator having the above structure, for example, a dust filter or fly ash can be removed to some extent by disposing a bag filter or the like in the exhaust gas discharge portion, but dioxin and other harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas can be removed. It is difficult to completely capture or remove gas components.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and by circulating the exhaust gas downwardly in a high temperature atmosphere to circulate the exhaust gas, dioxins, harmful gases, etc. of the exhaust gas can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator capable of decomposing gas and discharging exhaust gas that is harmless to the environment.

[0007]

According to the invention of claim 1, there is provided a means for supplying coke to be used as a fuel for incinerating the incinerated material, and a coke combustion section for holding the supplied coke and performing combustion. An incinerator for incinerating the incinerator dropped in the coke burning section, wherein the incinerator includes a blower unit for forcibly sending the exhaust gas generated from the incinerator downward, By the function of the means, the harmful components of the exhaust gas can be decomposed by discharging the exhaust gas after passing through the deposition portion of the coke during combustion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the blower means is configured to have one or a plurality of blower pipes capable of blowing air to the coke combustion section, The pipe is arranged so that air is blown horizontally or downward with respect to the coke burning part in order to forcibly send the exhaust gas downward.

The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the temperature in the incinerator can be set in the range of 1700 ° C to 1800 ° C during combustion by the heat of combustion of coke. is there.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the incinerator according to any one of the first to third aspects, the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator and passing through the coke burning section downward is The exhaust gas passage formed between the wall portion of the coke combustion section and the outer wall of the incinerator is raised, and the exhaust gas is discharged through a flue communicating with the outside of the incinerator. It is a feature.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the incineration residue of the incineration material flows downward while melting the burning coke deposit portion,
It is characterized by being discharged as molten slag.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the incinerator according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, the incinerator has an upper exhaust gas recovery pipe communicating with the blower pipe from a closed space in the furnace above the coke combustion section. Collecting the exhaust gas accumulated in the upper part of the coke incineration section against the action of the blowing means into the blower tube through the upper exhaust gas recovery tube, and sending the collected exhaust gas to the coke combustion section together with the blown air. It is characterized by.

[0013]

1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention, in which 10 is an incinerator (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "furnace"), 11 Is a waste input port, 12 is an opening / closing lid, 13 is a coke feeding device, 1
Reference numeral 3a is a hopper for supplying coke in the coke supply device, 13b is a supply pipe for supplying coke into the furnace, 14 and 15 are peep windows, 16 is a flue, 17 is a blow pipe, 18 is a coke combustion section, and 19 is a Is a coke support member,
Reference numeral 20 is an outer wall of the coke combustion unit, 21a and 21b are exhaust gas passages, 22 is an outer wall of the furnace, 23 is an exhaust gas recovery pipe above the coke combustion unit, 24 is a dostor, and C is coke.

The incinerator 10 of the present invention uses coke as a fuel for incineration so that the inside of the incinerator is 1700 during combustion.
C. to 1800.degree. C., and by circulating the exhaust gas in this high temperature atmosphere, dioxin, chlorine-based gas, harmful components such as nitrogen oxides of the exhaust gas are decomposed, and the exhaust gas is harmless to the environment. It is characterized by being able to discharge. That is, according to the incinerator 10 of the present invention, the exhaust gas generated when the incinerator such as the waste is incinerated is simply released to the upper side and exhausted from the chimney or the like, and the exhaust gas is blown from the blower pipe 17. By sending it below the incinerator 10 by the blowing action of
It passes through the coke deposit part during combustion and is further circulated upward through exhaust gas passages 21a and 21b provided so as to be sandwiched between the outside of the coke combustion part 18 and the inside of the outer wall of the furnace 10, and extends to the side of the furnace 10. The exhaust gas is discharged along the flue 16 so that the exhaust gas is brought into direct contact with the coke during combustion and is exposed to the atmosphere under a high temperature in the furnace for a long time to sufficiently give a heat history, thereby containing the exhaust gas. The harmful components can be decomposed and rendered harmless.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the coke combustion section 18 is disposed so as to be suspended inside the furnace 10, and its wall portion (outer wall 20 of the coke combustion section) is constituted by, for example, a special refractory brick. Has been done. In this embodiment,
The coke burning part 18 is provided with two blower pipes 17 and a circumferential exhaust gas passage 21b is provided between the outer wall 20 of the coke burning part and the outer wall 22 of the furnace. Exhaust gas passage 2
A flue 16 is provided at a predetermined position above the 1b, and the exhaust gas enters the flue 16 through the exhaust gas passage 21b and is exhausted.

Thus, the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the incineration material such as dust in the upper part of the coke burning part 18 once flows back to the lower part of the coke burning part 18 and passes through the coke deposit part during burning, and further the exhaust gas passage. Two
Ascending through 1a and 21b and proceeding to the flue 16, it undergoes sufficient thermal attack in a high temperature environment of 1700 ° C. to 1800 ° C. to decompose harmful components such as dioxins. Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 can be made safe without exerting an environmental load.

The waste is put into the incinerator 10 through the inlet 11. The furnace is equipped with a rotatable opening / closing lid 12, which blocks unnecessary emission of gas in the furnace to the upper side, and by rotating the opening / closing lid 12, it is possible to put waste into the lower portion of the furnace. And The coke supply device 13 is configured to have a hopper 13a serving as a temporary stock for supplying the coke C as a fuel and a supply pipe 13b. Supply of coke from the hopper 13a into the furnace is
It may be appropriately performed by manually opening and closing a damper (not shown) provided in the lower part of the hopper, or a known automatic supply such as a screw feed type automatic supply device or a device that automatically opens and closes the damper in a predetermined sequence. Means can be used.

The coke C supplied from the coke supply device 13 drops in the furnace and accumulates in the coke combustion section 18, where it is combusted and incinerated incineration such as wastes input from above. At the time of combustion, air is blown from the blower pipe 17. An air blower (not shown) such as a blower is connected to the air blow pipe 17 to forcibly blow air toward the central portion of the furnace 10. Further, in order to facilitate the downward flow of the exhaust gas in the furnace, the attachment angle of the blower pipe 17 is designed so that the direction of the air blown into the furnace is horizontal or slightly downward. Another peep window 1
4 and 15, an operator or the like can observe the inside of the furnace.

In the coke burning section 18, the supplied coke C is supported by the supporting member 19. Support member 1
Reference numeral 9 is a member having a coarse gap enough to hold the coke C, and the residue of the waste produced by the combustion flows downward while melting the accumulated portion of the coke during the combustion and passes through the support member 19. It drops further down. A dostor (thick plate heating plate) 24 is further provided below the support member, and the incinerated matter becomes molten slag and falls below the dostor 24. The discharged molten slag is sent to, for example, a slag cooling device (not shown) and cooled in a cooling water tank to generate granular water granulated slag, which is reused for various purposes such as aggregate. be able to.

The exhaust gas recovery pipe 23 is connected to the coke combustion section 18
Is a gas passage for collecting the exhaust gas accumulated in the furnace space above the opening / closing lid 12 and the coke combustion section 18 and sending the collected exhaust gas downward in the furnace. In the exhaust gas recovery pipe 23, due to the blowing of the connected blowing pipe, a pressure difference is generated between the blowing pipe side and the inside of the furnace so as to suck gas toward the blowing pipe side,
By this action, the exhaust gas above the coke combustion section can be collected inside the blower pipe 17. The exhaust gas in the furnace collected in the blower pipe 17 is sent again to the coke combustion unit 18 together with the blown air.

A bag filter (not shown), for example, is provided at the tip of the flue 16 in the exhaust gas discharge direction so as to trap the soot and dust contained in the exhaust gas and prevent it from being discharged into the environment. Also, a cooling tower for cooling the exhaust gas may be provided. The fly ash captured by the bag filter is subjected to stabilization treatment and then used, for example, for landfill.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining another embodiment of the incinerator according to the present invention. In the figure, parts having the same functions as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. The incinerator of the present embodiment, like the embodiment of FIG. 1, sends exhaust gas generated when incinerating incinerator such as waste to the lower part of the incinerator 10 by the blowing action from the blower pipe 17, Although the coke burning part 18 is made to pass through the deposit part of the coke during combustion to decompose the harmful components contained in the exhaust gas, the coke burning part 18 is provided with a simpler structure than that of FIG. There is. That is, the configuration of the embodiment of FIG. 2 has the characteristics that the incinerator can be manufactured more easily than the embodiment of FIG. 1 and that the harmful components of the exhaust gas can be decomposed with high efficiency.

The coke burner 18 is provided inside the furnace, and the flue 16 is provided at a predetermined position on the lower side of the coke burner 18. Exhaust gas enters the flue 16 through the exhaust gas passage 21a and is exhausted. To be done. In the coke burning section 18,
Blower pipes 17 are provided at two places to forcibly send the exhaust gas generated by incineration downward.

Thus, the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the incineration material such as dust in the upper portion of the coke burning portion 18 once flows backward to the lower side of the coke burning portion 18 and passes through the coke deposit portion during burning, and the exhaust gas passage 21a. 1700 ℃ ~ 180 by going to the flue 16 via
Under a high temperature environment of 0 ° C., toxic components such as dioxins are decomposed by being subjected to sufficient heat attack. Therefore,
The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 can be made safe without exerting an environmental load.

In the present embodiment, the structure of the coke burning part and the structure and function of each part except the exhaust gas flow path are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and therefore their repeated description is omitted.

[0026]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, by using coke as a fuel for burning dust and the like, the inside of the furnace is burned at 1700 ° C to 1800 ° C during combustion.
The exhaust gas is circulated in this high temperature atmosphere so that dioxin in the exhaust gas, chlorine-based gas, harmful components such as nitrogen oxides can be decomposed, and exhaust gas that is harmless to the environment can be discharged. Can be

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the incinerator according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... incinerator, 11 ... waste input port, 12 ... opening / closing lid, 1
3 ... Coke supply device, 13a ... Hopper, 13b ... Supply pipe, 14, 15 ... Peep window, 16 ... Flue, 17 ... Blower pipe, 18 ... Coke combustion part, 19 ... Coke support member,
20 ... Outer wall of coke combustion part, 21a, 21b ... Exhaust gas passage, 22 ... Outer wall of furnace, 23 ... Exhaust gas recovery pipe, 24 ... Dostor, C ... Coke.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F27B 1/00 F27B 1/16 4K056 1/16 F27D 15/00 Z 4K063 F27D 15/00 17/00 104Z 17 / 00 104 B09B 3/00 303J 303K (72) Inventor Yoshio Matsumiya 237 F term at 338 Gamoido, Gamo-cho, Gamo-cho, Gamo-gun, Shiga (reference) 3K061 AA16 AB03 AC01 AC13 BA05 CA08 DA17 DB16 3K065 AA16 AB05 AC08 AC01 AC03 AC08 GA03 GA22 GA34 3K078 AA05 BA03 CA03 CA06 CA12 4D004 AA46 CA28 CA29 CB43 CC11 DA03 DA06 4K045 AA01 BA10 CA02 GB10 GD08 LA01 4K056 AA19 BA01 BB01 CA20 DA02 DA36 DB07 4K063 AA13 BA13 CA02 HA01

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An incinerator having means for supplying coke to be used as a fuel for incinerating incinerated matter, and a coke burning section for holding the supplied coke and burning the coke. An incinerator for incinerating an object, the incinerator comprising a blower means for forcibly sending the exhaust gas generated from the incinerator downward, and the exhaust gas is being burned by the action of the blower means. The incinerator characterized in that the harmful components of the exhaust gas can be decomposed by discharging the coke after passing through the deposition part of the coke. 2. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the blower unit is configured to have one or a plurality of blower pipes capable of blowing air to the coke combustion unit, and the blower pipes An incinerator, which is arranged so that air is blown horizontally or downward with respect to the coke burning part to forcibly send the exhaust gas downward. 3. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the incinerator can be set in the range of 1700 ° C. to 1800 ° C. during combustion by the heat of combustion of coke. 4. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator and passing through the coke combustion section in a downward direction,
The exhaust gas passage formed between the wall part of the coke burning part and the outer wall of the incinerator is raised and discharged through a flue communicating with the outside of the incinerator. Incinerator characterized by. 5. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the incineration residue of the incinerated material flows downward while melting the deposit portion of the burning coke, and is discharged as molten slag. An incinerator characterized by 6. The incinerator according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the incinerator has an upper exhaust gas recovery pipe that communicates with a blower pipe from a closed space in the furnace above the coke combustion section. However, the exhaust gas accumulated above the coke incinerator is collected into the blower pipe through the upper exhaust gas recovery pipe against the action of the blowing means, and the collected exhaust gas is sent to the coke combustion unit together with blown air. And an incinerator.