JP2003064622A - Composite elastic support comprising upper and lower supports and laminated rubber support material of the same, and manufacturing method of laminated rubber support - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an effective composite rubber support making it possible for such a rubber elastic support to absorb a great rotation deflection while retaining a high load-carrying capability, and to reduce the height of the whole of the composite support consisting of a pot-type support and a laminated rubber support. SOLUTION: The laminated rubber support material comprises a lamination consisting of elastic rubber layers and reinforcing plates, and upper and lower steel plates. On the upper surface of the upper steel plate, a pot-shaped recession is formed, and a rubber plate is sealed in the recession. The upper overlapping part of an upper support is fitted into the recession in a rotary manner, and the under surface of the overlapping part seals up the rubber plate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elastic bearing in a bridge structure, which is interposed between an upper structure such as a bridge girder and a lower structure such as a bridge pier or a bridge pier and supports a load of the upper structure with a rubber body. Specifically, it relates to improvement of an elastic bearing using a laminated rubber body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a rubber elastic bearing employs a laminated rubber body in which a rubber layer and a steel plate are laminated in multiple layers and are vulcanized and adhered to be integrated with each other.
The small lateral rigidity characteristics suppress vertical deformation as much as possible and support a large load, and the shear deformation absorbs horizontal movement of the superstructure of the bridge girder. Further, the rotational displacement of the superstructure is followed by the rotational deformation of the laminated rubber body. Therefore, the rubber elastic bearing used for the support portion of the bridge girder end has a rubber layer thickness of the laminated rubber body increased to appropriately reduce the compression rigidity in order to meet the demand for absorbing a large rotational deflection. Done. In this case, if the compression rigidity is reduced, the vertical deflection increases, and an instantaneous step between the road surface and the adjacent road surface is generated every time a large vehicle travels, which is one of the factors that cause noise and vibration.
Furthermore, it is also a cause of damage in the relevant part.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and in this type of rubber elastic bearing, a rubber elastic bearing capable of absorbing a large rotational deflection while maintaining a large compression rigidity. Aim to get. For this reason, the present inventors
The idea is to separate the function of absorbing elastic bending of the rubber elastic bearing to achieve this task. That is, by introducing a fixed type pot bearing that has the function of absorbing rotational deflection, the fixed type pot bearing and the laminated rubber bearing have an integrated structure, and the pot bearing is expected to have a load transmission function and a rotational absorption function. Has a so-called function separation structure, which is expected to have a load bearing function and a shear deformation function. Further, in the process of the present invention, it has been found that the combination of the pot bearing and the laminated rubber bearing causes a problem that the height of the entire bearing is increased, and it is another object to reduce the height.

[0004]

Specifically, the composite elastic bearing of the present invention has the following constitution. That is, a composite elastic bearing having upper and lower bearings, which also serves as a lower bearing, and which is composed of a laminated body of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate and whose upper and lower portions are steel sheets, has an upper surface of an upper steel sheet of a laminated rubber bearing body. A circular pot-shaped recess is formed in the base plate, and a rubber plate having a predetermined thickness is enclosed in the pot-shaped recess, and the upper shoe of the upper bearing is fitted into the pot-shaped recess by restraining horizontal displacement and allowing rotational movement. In addition, the rubber plate is hermetically sealed with its lower surface. In the above structure, the pot-shaped recess is formed by a hole formed on the upper surface of the upper steel plate or an annular surrounding wall protruding on the upper surface of the upper steel plate, and further by a combination of the hole and the annular surrounding wall. , The laminated rubber bearing is filled with a lead plug, the upper steel plate is a thick body, and the pot-shaped recess is composed of a hole and an annular surrounding wall formed on the upper surface of the upper steel plate. Being a thin body, a hard plate with a convex curved upper surface is used instead of the rubber plate, and the lower surface of the upper shoe of the upper bearing is formed with a curved surface that matches this convex curved surface. Is an embodiment that is appropriately selected and adopted.

(Operation) The load of the upper structure is transmitted to the lower structure via the elastic bearing. That is, since the rubber plate of the upper bearing of this elastic bearing is a sealed one, it exerts a large load bearing force and transmits the load to the lower bearing as it is. In the lower bearing, the laminated rubber body has a sufficient bearing surface to support the load. The displacement of the upper structure in the direction of the bridge axis and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis due to temperature changes or earthquake motion is absorbed by the lateral rigidity of the laminated rubber body of the lower bearing. On the other hand, when a dynamic load such as a vehicle or a person acts on the superstructure, or when an installation load is applied when the superstructure is installed, a rotational force acts on the elastic support. The rubber plate absorbs most of it, and the laminated rubber body of the lower bearing absorbs the rest.

The present invention further relates to the invention of a laminated rubber bearing in a composite elastic bearing, which is composed of a laminate of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate, and steel plates are arranged in the upper and lower parts thereof, and an annular wall is formed on the upper surface of the upper steel plate. It is characterized in that a circular pot-shaped recess is formed. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the method for manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing, characterized in that the constituent members of the laminated rubber bearing are laminated in a mold and vulcanized at a predetermined pressure and temperature. In yet another aspect, the method for manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing of the present invention is a composite elastic bearing made up of a lower bearing and an upper bearing, and serves as a lower bearing as well as a laminated body of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate. In the manufacture of a laminated rubber bearing in which steel plates are arranged in the upper and lower parts and a circular pot-shaped recess is formed by an annular wall on the upper surface of the upper steel plate, the constituent members of the laminated rubber bearing are laminated in a mold. Then, the vulcanization molding is performed at a predetermined pressure and temperature.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a composite elastic bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a composite elastic bearing S of one embodiment thereof. In the figure, G is a superstructure such as a bridge girder in a bridge, and B is a substructure such as a pier / abutment. Further, X indicates the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and Y indicates the bridge axis direction.

The composite elastic bearing S of this embodiment is placed and fixed on the lower structure B, and is fixed to the lower bearing 1 mainly composed of laminated rubber bearings and the lower surface of the upper structure G.
And an upper support 2 installed via a rubber plate.
In the present embodiment, the lower bearing 1 is the base plate 3
It is fixed to the lower structure B via.

The details of each of these parts will be described below. Lower Bearing 1 The lower bearing 1 has a laminated rubber bearing structure, and is characterized by the upper steel plate in the present invention. That is, the laminated rubber bearing is formed by laminating the rubber layer and the steel plate, but in the present embodiment, the upper and lower steel plates are exposed. More specifically, the lower support 1 has a rectangular shape as a whole (two-dimensionally and three-dimensionally) and is arranged on the upper portion and is formed of a thick upper steel plate 4, and is arranged on the lower portion and formed of a thick lower portion. It comprises a steel plate 5 and a laminated rubber body 6 sandwiched between the upper steel plate 4 and the lower steel plate 5. (Upper Steel Plate 4) The upper steel plate 4 has a rectangular planar shape and a thick body, and an upper surface thereof is provided with a pot-shaped recess 7 which is connected to the upper support 2 as described later. (Lower Steel Plate 5) The lower steel plate 5 has a rectangular planar shape corresponding to the upper steel plate 4 and a thick wall shape. An appropriate number of screw holes 8 are opened in the lower steel plate 5 and used for attachment to the base plate 3. (Laminated Rubber Body 6) The laminated rubber body 6 has a configuration in which a rubber elastic layer 10 and a reinforcing plate (also referred to as an intermediate steel plate) 11 are alternately arranged in the height direction, and has an upper steel plate 4 and a lower steel plate 5. It is sandwiched and these are firmly integrated by vulcanization adhesion.
A steel plate is usually used as the reinforcing plate 11, but a fiber reinforced hard rubber plate or a fiber reinforced synthetic resin plate may be used. What should be particularly noted in this embodiment is that the upper steel plate 4, the lower steel plate 5, and the laminated rubber body 6 are integrally formed in consideration of the production described later.

(Base Plate 3) The base plate 3 is arranged below the lower support 1 and is wider than the lower steel plate 5 with a predetermined thickness. A bolt hole 13 is formed in the inner portion of the base plate 3 corresponding to the screw hole 8 formed in the lower steel plate 5, and is integrally fixed by a mounting bolt 14 screwed from the bolt hole 13 side. To be done. Furthermore,
Anchor bolt insertion holes 15 are formed at least at four corners at the edge of the base plate 3, and the head 16a of the anchor bolt 16 embedded in the lower structure B is inserted through the nut 17, and the nut 17 is screwed and fixed. It

On the upper surface of the lower support 1, an annular ring-shaped surrounding wall 19 for the hole-shaped pot-shaped recess 7 is projected. In the annular surrounding wall 19, 19a is its bottom surface, 1
9b is an inner wall surface, and 19c is an upper surface thereof. The center of the circular hole of the pot-shaped recess 7 coincides with the center of the rectangle (center of the figure) of the upper steel plate 4.

Upper support 2 The upper support 2 is provided continuously with the upper steel plate 4 of the lower support 1, and is inserted into the pot-shaped recess 7 of the upper steel plate 4 to form the rubber plate 20 and the rubber plate 2.
It consists of the upper shoe 21 which is placed on 0. A backup ring 22 is interposed between the rubber plate 20 and the upper shoe 21. (Rubber Plate 20) The rubber plate 20 has a predetermined thickness and has a disc shape. The outer diameter of the rubber plate 20 is the same as the inner diameter of the pot-shaped recess 7,
Alternatively, the diameter is slightly smaller than that. The thickness of the rubber plate 20 is maintained at a thickness sufficient to follow the rotational deflection of the bridge girder G. A backup ring 22 is installed on the edge of the upper surface of the rubber plate 20. The backup ring 22 is
It is made of metal and forms a thin circular ring (single division).

(Upper shoe 21) The upper shoe 21 substantially forms a cylindrical body, and is composed of two parts, a lower cylindrical portion 21A and an upper wide flange portion 21B. The columnar portion 21A has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the pot-shaped recess 7, is allowed to swing, and its lower surface is brought into contact with the rubber plate 20. Flange part 2
1B has a rectangular shape, and bolt insertion holes 24 are formed at appropriate positions on the edges thereof, and are arranged corresponding to the bolt insertion holes 25 formed in the upper structure G.
The fastener 26 (bolt 26a, nut 26b) that has been passed through is fixed. As shown in FIG. 3, a semicircular bulge 21a is formed at the lower end of the columnar portion 21A of the upper shoe 21. As can be seen from the figure, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 21A is smaller than that of the pot-shaped recess 7, but the outer diameter of the bulging portion 21a matches the pot-shaped recess 7, or is slightly smaller, The inner wall surface 19b of the annular protruding wall 19 is kept in smooth contact. In addition, in cooperation with the backup ring 22, the rubber plate 20 maintains a sealing action in any state.

In manufacturing the above-mentioned composite elastic bearing S,
It should be noted that the intermediate product, the lower bearing 1, is manufactured. That is, it has already been described that the upper steel plate 4, the lower steel plate 5, and the laminated rubber body 6 are integrally formed, but the following special device is made for the integration. Various additives are added to the rubber so that the rubber is sufficiently vulcanized, homogeneous mixing is performed, and rolling is performed to obtain a uniform thickness. In addition, the steel plates (upper steel plate 4, lower steel plate 5, intermediate steel plate 11) used for the lower bearing 1 are subjected to surface treatment such as shot blasting for unevenness, degreasing and cleaning, and a vulcanizing adhesive. Apply. That is, first, an undercoating adhesive (primer) is applied to the surface of a steel sheet to achieve adhesion with a steel sheet, and thereafter, a topcoating adhesive that causes a strong bond with the undercoating adhesive and rubber during vulcanization is applied. Coating (total thickness of coating layer: 20-40 μm)
dry. After that, the above-mentioned rubber plate and steel plate are laminated in the preheated mold from below, and finally the upper steel plate 4 having the annular surrounding wall 19 is installed, and then the mold is closed to a predetermined pressure (150 kgf / square cm). ) ・ Vulcanization molding is performed under the condition that temperature (130 to 150 ° C.) is applied. Upper steel plate 4 of the annular enclosure 19
After the annular surrounding wall 19 is integrally formed with the upper steel plate 4 in advance without adding it to the upper steel plate 4, this is installed in the mold and vulcanization molded together with other constituent members of the lower bearing 1. As a result, the upper steel plate 4 having the annular surrounding wall 19 is firmly joined to the laminated rubber body 6 regardless of whether it is thick or thin.

With respect to the mounting of the composite elastic bearing S, the sides thereof with respect to the rectangular plane are bridge axis direction Y and bridge axis perpendicular direction X.
Are arranged along. Generally, the long side is arranged along the bridge axis direction. If the pier B is made of steel, the anchor bolt 16
Is unnecessary, and the base plate 3 is directly welded and fixed to the pier B. Further, the composite bearing S may be directly welded and fixed to the bridge girder G. Further, although the bolts and nuts 26 are used in the above-mentioned example, a mode is adopted in which the bolts are inserted into the flange of the bridge girder G and the screw holes to the upper shoe, and the bolts are screwed from the bridge girder G side to be tightened and fixed. You can also When the bridge girder G is made of concrete, it is attached to an anchor bolt (not shown) according to the concrete bridge pier B.

FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the composite elastic rubber bearing S. In the simple girder bridge, the composite elastic rubber bearings S having the same structure are arranged in two places on each pier B to support the bridge girder G.
In the abutment 1, b is its vertical wall portion, and its upper surface (road surface) is flush with the upper surface (road surface) of the bridge girder G. As will be described later, by installing the present composite elastic bearing S, the occurrence of steps between these road surfaces can be minimized.

The composite elastic bearing S of the present embodiment having the above-described structure exerts the following functions. The load of the bridge girder G is transmitted to the pier B via the elastic bearing S. Specifically, since the rubber plate 20 of the upper bearing 2 of the elastic bearing S is sealed, it exerts a large load bearing force and transmits the load to the lower bearing 1 as it is. In other words, the load bearing performance is determined by the lower bearing 1, and in the lower bearing 1, the laminated rubber body 6 has a sufficient bearing surface to support the load. Displacement of the bridge girder G in the direction of the bridge axis and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis due to temperature change or earthquake motion is absorbed by the flexible lateral rigidity of the laminated rubber body 6 of the lower bearing 1. On the other hand, when a dynamic load such as a vehicle or a person acts on the bridge girder G, or when an installation load is applied when the bridge girder is installed, a rotational force acts on the elastic support S. The rubber plate 20 of 2 absorbs most of it, and the laminated rubber body 6 of the lower bearing 1 absorbs the rest.

(Effects of the embodiment) As described above, in the composite elastic bearing S, among the actions transmitted from the bridge girder G, the vertical rotational displacement component is received by the upper bearing 1, and the load components (horizontal and vertical components are (Including) is received by the lower support 2, and the correspondence of the laminated rubber body 6 arranged on the lower support 2 may be limited to the load component, and the thickness component can be minimized and thinned as much as possible. Furthermore, the lower shoe of the upper bearing 2 and the upper steel plate 4 of the laminated rubber body bearing of the lower bearing 1
Since this is common, the height of the elastic bearing S can be reduced, and installation in a narrow bridge girder space is possible. That is, when replacing the existing bearing, especially the rubber elastic bearing, when installing this composite elastic bearing S, the space between the lower surface of the bridge girder and the upper surface of the bridge pier (bridge girder space) is already extremely narrow, and the height is high. In the present composite elastic bearing S having a low value, the installation work is easy, which contributes to the reduction of the installation cost.

In the above embodiment, the lower bearing 1 has a rectangular shape in plan view, but does not exclude a circle. Further, although the annular wall is projected from the upper steel plate 4 to form the pot-shaped recess 7, the recess may be recessed into the upper steel plate 4 to form the pot-shaped recess 7 together with the annular wall. Thereby, the height of the annular surrounding wall can be reduced. Further, in the above embodiment, the upper steel plate 4 and the lower steel plate 5 have a thick-walled shape, but a thin-walled shape is not excluded. In particular, the upper steel plate 4
The thinning contributes to the reduction of the height of the composite elastic bearing S.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical idea of the present invention. That is, the following aspects are included in the technical scope of the present invention. Enclose the lead plug in the laminated rubber body 6 of the lower bearing 1. Instead of the rubber plate 20, a hard plate whose upper surface is formed in a convex curved surface is used, and the lower surface of the upper shoe 21 of the upper support 2 is formed in a concave curved surface that matches this convex curved surface. In the above-described embodiment, the bridge structure is taken as an example, but the invention is also applied to a building structure in the same manner and is installed in an elevated passage between buildings.

[0021]

According to the composite elastic bearing having the upper and lower bearings of the present invention, among the actions transmitted from the upper structure, the vertical rotational displacement component is received by the upper bearing, and the load component (including horizontal and vertical components is included. ) Is supported by the lower support, and the correspondence of the laminated rubber body arranged on the lower support is limited to the load component, and the thickness component can be minimized and the wall thickness can be reduced. As a result, the laminated rubber body can be designed to have a sufficiently high compression rigidity, so that the compression deformation is small, and vibration and noise can be avoided. Furthermore, since the lower shoe of the upper bearing and the upper steel plate of the laminated rubber body of the lower bearing are made common, the height of this elastic bearing can be made even lower, and installation in a narrow bridge girder space is also possible. Becomes Further, according to the method for manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing of the present invention, after the annular enclosure is integrally formed in advance on the upper steel sheet without retrofitting the annular enclosure to the upper steel sheet, it is installed in the mold, and the like. The vulcanization molding is performed together with the constituent members of the lower bearing, and the upper steel plate having the annular surrounding wall can be firmly joined to the laminated rubber body regardless of whether it is thick or thin.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an overall structure of an embodiment of a composite elastic bearing having upper and lower bearing portions of the present invention (1-1 in FIG. 2).
Line cross section).

2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of an upper bearing.

FIG. 4 is a layout view of a bridge of the present composite elastic bearing.

[Explanation of symbols]

S ... Composite elastic bearing, G ... Upper structure, B ... Lower structure, 1 ...
Upper bearing, 2 ... Lower bearing, 4 ... Upper steel plate (lower shoe), 5 ...
Lower steel plate, 6 ... laminated rubber body, 7 ... pan-shaped recess, 10 ... rubber elastic layer, 11 ... reinforcing plate, 19 ... annular wall, 20 ... rubber plate, 21 ... upper shoe

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A circular pot-shaped recess is formed on the upper surface of an upper steel plate of a laminated rubber support body which also serves as a lower support and which is composed of a laminated body of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate, and steel plates are arranged on the upper and lower portions thereof. A rubber plate having a predetermined thickness is enclosed in the pot-shaped recess, and the upper shoe of the upper support is fitted into the pot-shaped recess by restraining horizontal displacement and allowing rotational movement. A composite elastic bearing having upper and lower bearings characterized by being sealed. 2. The composite elastic bearing according to claim 1, which has upper and lower bearings in which lead plugs are enclosed in a laminated rubber bearing. 3. The composite elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the upper steel plate has thick upper and lower bearing portions. 4. The upper and lower bearings according to claim 3, wherein the pan-shaped recess is formed by a hole formed in the upper surface of the upper steel plate and a ring-shaped wall protruding from the upper surface of the upper steel plate for holding the inner diameter of the hole. Composite elastic bearing with parts. 5. The composite elastic bearing according to claim 1, wherein the upper steel plate has a thin-walled upper and lower bearing portions. 6. A hard plate having an upper surface formed in a convex curved surface is used in place of the rubber plate of claim 1, and the lower surface of the upper shoe of the upper bearing is formed in a concave curved surface conforming to the convex curved surface. A composite elastic bearing having upper and lower bearings. 7. A laminated rubber bearing body comprising a laminated body of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate, steel plates being arranged on the upper and lower portions, and a circular pot-shaped recess is formed on the upper surface of the upper steel plate. . 8. The laminated rubber bearing according to claim 7, wherein the pot-shaped recess is formed by an annular surrounding wall protruding from the upper surface of the upper steel plate. 9. A laminated rubber bearing body comprising a laminate of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate, steel plates being arranged on the upper and lower portions, and a circular pot-shaped recess is formed by an annular wall on the upper surface of the upper steel plate. 2. A method for manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing, wherein the constituent members of the laminated rubber bearing are laminated in a mold and vulcanized at a predetermined pressure and temperature. 10. When manufacturing a composite elastic bearing consisting of a lower bearing and an upper bearing, the lower bearing also serves as a lower bearing and is composed of a laminate of a rubber elastic layer and a reinforcing plate, and steel plates are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the upper steel plate. In manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing having a circular pot-shaped recess formed by an annular wall on the upper surface thereof, the constituent members of the laminated rubber bearing are laminated in a mold and vulcanized at a predetermined pressure and temperature. And a method for manufacturing a laminated rubber bearing.