JP2003047348A - Mulch sheet for horticulture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mulch sheet for horticulture, having biodegradability, and further having excellent effects for preventing germination and growth of weeds, and excellent effects for removing various kinds of fungi which inhibit the germination and growth of plants such as farm products and flower plants. SOLUTION: This mulch sheet for horticulture is composed by making paper include an agrochemical and/or an antimicrobial agent, and optionally a wax besides them. The antimicrobial agent is preferably a silver chloro complex.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural multi-layered sheet which is laid on the soil surface of a field when various plants such as crops and flowers are cultivated in the open field or house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when an agricultural crop is cultivated outdoors or in a greenhouse, an agricultural multi-sheet made of a polyolefin film such as a polyethylene film is laid on the soil surface of the field to maintain soil temperature (heat retention) and moisture. Promotion of the growth of agricultural products is being carried out by maintaining, preventing germination / growth of weeds, and preventing fertilizer outflow.

However, the above-mentioned agricultural multi-sheet is
Since it is made of a polyolefin film, it may generate black smoke or harmful gas when incinerated, and it is not easily degraded by the ultraviolet rays contained in the sun's rays, and since it does not have biodegradable products, it does not exist in the soil. Even if buried, it will not be decomposed. Therefore, from the viewpoint of pollution prevention, it is necessary to collect the used agricultural mulch sheet from the field and treat it as industrial waste, which is problematic in that it is expensive and time-consuming to dispose of. is doing.

Therefore, various agricultural multi-sheets made of paper have been proposed (for example, JP-A-8-205693, JP-A-9-252665, and JP-A-10-84).
789, JP-A-10-313708, etc.).

[0005]

However, since the above-mentioned conventional agricultural mulch sheet merely covers the soil surface of the field, the effects of maintaining soil temperature, retaining water, and preventing runoff of fertilizer are sufficient. It is hard to say that the effect of preventing the germination and growth of weeds and the effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination and growth of agricultural products are sufficient.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to have a biodegradability in addition to the effect of the conventional agricultural multi-sheet, and to prevent germination and growth of weeds. Another object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet excellent in the effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination and growth of plants such as flowers of agricultural crops.

[0007]

The multi-sheet for agricultural and horticultural use of the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems by using a pesticide on paper and / or
Alternatively, it is characterized by containing an antibacterial agent. Also, as a notable feature, the antibacterial agent uses a silver chloro complex salt.

With this construction, it is biodegradable and
It is possible to provide an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet excellent in the effect of preventing the germination / growth of weeds and the effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination / growth of agricultural crops and flowers.

Further, the agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet of the present invention is
It is characterized by containing wax.

With this structure, various strengths and durability are further improved, the effects of maintaining soil temperature and retaining water are further improved, and the outflow of pesticides and antibacterial agents due to rainwater and irrigation is prevented. It becomes possible to provide agricultural and horticultural multi-sheets.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The agricultural and horticultural multi-sheet according to the present invention comprises paper containing an agricultural chemical and / or an antibacterial agent. The above-mentioned paper may be biodegradable, and for example, paper made from wood pulp or paper made from non-wood pulp (bamboo, straw, kenaf, etc.) is preferable, but is not particularly limited. It is not necessary to do so, and recycled paper may be used.
Further, the paper may be provided with a crepe (crease-like wrinkles), emboss (unevenness), or the like. More specific examples include high-quality paper, medium-quality paper, clay-coated paper, gravure paper, pure white roll paper, kraft paper, imitation paper, thin paper, processed paper, liner paper, crepe paper, and Japanese paper. The paper used in the present invention is also a support for pesticides and / or antibacterial agents.

The thickness, weight, width, length, etc. of the paper can be determined depending on the kind of the paper, the season and weather conditions (use period), the use period, the use place, the type of plant such as crops and flowers, and the like. Various strengths required for use as a gardening multi-sheet (eg,
There is no particular limitation as long as it is within a range that does not impair physical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength) and flexibility. If it is intentionally described, the basis weight is preferably 30 to 200 g / m 2, and more preferably 50 to 150 g / m 2.

Specific examples of the method of incorporating the pesticide and / or the antibacterial agent into the paper include a coating method, a spray method, an impregnation method and a dipping method, but the method is not particularly limited. When the paper contains the agricultural chemical and / or the antibacterial agent, the agricultural chemical and the antibacterial agent may be in a solution or emulsion state. When the pesticide and / or the antibacterial agent is applied or sprayed on the paper, it may be applied or sprayed on both sides of the paper, or only on one side. When the pesticide or the antibacterial agent is in the form of a solution or emulsion, the pesticide or the antibacterial agent may be included in the paper, and then the solvent or the dispersion medium may be removed.

Examples of the above-mentioned pesticides include fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, rodenticides, repellents and the like. The pesticide use fee may be set according to the type of the pesticide, the season and weather conditions, the period of use, the place of use, the type of plant, etc., and is not particularly limited, but is 0.01 for pulp. -15 wt% is preferable, and 0.5-5 wt% is more preferable.

Specific examples of the above-mentioned antibacterial agent include those containing a silver chloro complex salt. The antibacterial agent containing a silver chloro complex salt also has an action as a fungicide. Silver chloro complex salts may be any salt with the complex ion structure represented by the structural formula "[AgCl _4] ^3-", and is not particularly limited. The counter ion (cation) in the silver chloro complex salt is not particularly limited. The method for producing the antibacterial agent containing the silver chloro complex salt is not particularly limited.

The antibacterial agent containing the silver chloro complex salt further contains a chloride supplying chloride ions for stabilizing the silver chloro complex salt. Specific examples of the chloride include chlorides containing alkali metal ions such as lithium ions, sodium ions and potassium ions as counterions (chlorides of alkali metals); alkaline earth metal ions such as magnesium ions and calcium ions. Chloride as a counter ion; polyaluminum chloride; ammonium chloride; trioctylmethylammonium chloride, aliphatic quaternary ammonium chloride having one or two long-chain alkyl groups having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, tetramethylammonium chloride, Aliphatic quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraethylammonium chloride; choline chloride; polyamine hydrochlorides such as ethylenediamine hydrochloride, hexamethylenediamine hydrochloride, hexamethylenetriamine hydrochloride; methylamine hydrochloride, methylamine hydrochloride and the like 1 Amine hydrochlorides; tertiary amine hydrochlorides such as trimethylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine hydrochloride; aromatic amine hydrochlorides such as pyridine hydrochloride and aniline hydrochloride; trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, tributylbenzylammonium chloride, chloride Aromatic quaternary ammonium salts such as benzalkonium, benzethonium chloride, imidazolinium chloride, N-laurylpyridinium chloride; and the like.

The ratio of the silver chloro complex salt to the chloride is not particularly limited as long as it is within a predetermined range in which the antibacterial agent can exhibit antibacterial properties, but the mass ratio is 1: 1.
More preferably within the range of 00-20: 100,
Optimally, it is within the range of 3: 100 to 15: 100. The antibacterial agent containing the silver chloro complex salt may further contain an oxidizing agent such as sodium zincate and sodium hypozincate. The amount of the silver chloro complex salt antibacterial agent to be used may be set according to, for example, seasonal weather conditions, period of use, place of use, type of plant, etc., and is not particularly limited, but per unit area of paper 0.01ppm silver ion
It is more preferable for the amount to be the above or more, and 0.05p
The optimum amount is about pm or more.

Generally, the silver chloro complex salt is excellent in stability in a state where the chloride ion concentration is high, so that it is stable in a water-soluble or water-soluble state without causing precipitation of silver chloride. . Further, the silver chloro complex salt has a property that silver chloride or silver metal is likely to be precipitated when the concentration of chloride ions in the surroundings becomes low due to dilution with water or the like.
This is because when the chloride ion concentration is low, the amount of chloride ions directly contributing to the stabilization of the silver chloro complex salt is small. The silver chloro complex salt exerts antibacterial properties when silver chloride or silver metal deposited in such a low chloride ion concentration adheres to the paper, that is, the above silver chloride adheres to the paper. More specifically, the resulting antibacterial property is exerted by destabilizing the silver chloro complex salt and precipitating it as silver chloride fine particles in the state where k and the chloride ion concentration are low. Therefore, when the paper contains an antibacterial agent, the concentration of the solution or emulsion of the antibacterial agent may be set to a chloride ion concentration such that the silver chloride fine particles are generated. This makes it possible to fix or fix fine particles of silver chloride on the paper and impart antibacterial properties to the agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet. The agricultural and horticultural multi-sheet containing silver chloro complex salt as an antibacterial agent is more excellent in the effect of preventing germination and growth of weeds and the effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination and growth of plants such as flowers of agricultural crops.

The above paper may contain wax depending on the needs such as season and climatic conditions. As the wax, it is possible to use a natural wax and a synthetic wax which are solid or semi-solid (paste) at room temperature.
It is desirable to have biodegradability. Specific examples of the wax include an n-paraffin wax containing a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon having about 20 to 36 carbon atoms, and a branched aliphatic hydrocarbon having about 31 to 50 carbon atoms. Examples include isoparaffin wax. Specific examples of the method of adding wax to the paper include a coating method, a spray method, an impregnation method, and a dipping method, but the method is not particularly limited. By including wax having water repellency and waterproofness in paper, various strengths and durability of the multi-sheet for agricultural and horticultural use are further improved, and effects such as maintenance of soil temperature and water retention are further improved. In addition, the effect of preventing the outflow of agricultural chemicals, antibacterial agents or fertilizers due to rainwater or irrigation is further improved. When the wax is included in the paper, the wax may be heated and melted, or the wax may be in a solution or emulsion state. When the wax is applied or sprayed on the paper, it may be applied or sprayed on both sides of the paper, or only one side may be applied. When the wax is in the form of a solution or an emulsion, the wax may be included in the paper and then the solvent or dispersion medium may be removed.

The amount of the wax used depends on the kind of the wax,
It may be set according to the season, weather conditions, period of use, place of use, type of plant, etc., and is not particularly limited, but an amount of about 0.1 to 5% by weight per unit weight of paper is preferable. And the optimum amount is about 0.5 to 3% by weight.

The agricultural and horticultural mulch sheet may contain fertilizers if necessary, and may further contain various additives such as soil conditioners. The content of fertilizer and various additives is not particularly limited.

The length and width of the agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet may be set according to the place of use (size of field or ridge).
It is not particularly limited. In addition, it is desirable that the multi-sheet for agricultural and horticultural use be provided with holes of an appropriate size with a predetermined sensation in order to grow seedlings of crops and plants such as flowers. As a result, it is possible to maintain the soil temperature (heat retention), retain water, prevent germination / growth of weeds, prevent outflow of fertilizers, etc. without inhibiting the growth of the plant.

The agricultural and horticultural multi-sheet according to the present invention comprises:
The paper is biodegradable because it contains a pesticide and / or an antibacterial agent. Therefore, when the used agricultural / horticultural mulch sheet is buried in soil, the agricultural / horticultural mulch sheet is decomposed by the action of microorganisms. Therefore, it is not necessary to collect and dispose of the agricultural and horticultural multi-sheets from the field as industrial waste, so that disposal costs do not occur and labor is saved. Further, the agricultural and horticultural multi-sheet of the present invention is excellent in the effect of preventing the germination and growth of weeds by the action of pesticides and antibacterial agents, and the effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination and growth of plants such as crops and flowers. There is.

[0024]

EXAMPLES In order to make the present invention easier to understand, the following examples are shown, but the following examples do not limit the present invention.

In order to carry out the present invention, paper trial 1 and paper trial 2 were prepared with the following formulations. All% shown below are% by weight
Is.

Paper trial production 1. Conifer bleached kraft pulp 96.5% Internal sizing agent (brand name Size Vine E) 0.5% Sulfuric acid band 3.0% Paper trial 2. Conifer bleached kraft pulp 60.0% Waste paper pulp 36.5% Internal sizing agent 0.5% Sulfuric acid band 3.0%

[Example 1] Paper trial production 1. Soak the paper produced as a prototype in the solution of antibacterial agent Argecel G (manufactured by Yokozawa Metal Industry Co., Ltd.) containing silver chloro complex salt, and then soak it in water to remove sodium chloride contained in Argecel G and further dry it to make silver. An agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet containing 0.07 ppm of ions was obtained.

[Example 2] Paper trial production 2. The paper prototyped in Example 1 was used. By the same operation as above, an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet containing 2 ppm of silver ion was obtained.

[Embodiment 3] Embodiment 1. Hyponex (imidaclobride type) Bayer on the sheet obtained in.
(Imidacloburide 0.0050%, water 99.995
%) Was spray-coated and dried to obtain an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet.

[Embodiment 4] Embodiment 2. Ortran (Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) (Acephate 0.17
%, Triforin 0.15%, organic solvent 99.68%)
Was spray applied and dried to obtain an agricultural and horticultural sheet.

[Embodiment 5] Embodiment 1. Apply the wax emulsion to the sheet obtained in step 1 with a blade coater,
It was dried to obtain an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet.

[Comparative Example 1] Paper trial production 1. Comparative Example 1. Used as.

Comparative Example 2 Paper trial production 2. Comparative Example 2. Used as.

[Example 6] Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1,
Table 1 shows the results of excavating 2 in soil and excavating and comparing with Comparative Examples 1 and 2 for the state after 2 weeks for the first time and after 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months thereafter.

[0035]

[0036]

As described above, the horticultural mulch sheet of the present invention is configured to contain the pesticide and / or the antibacterial agent.

As a result, it is biodegradable and has an effect of preventing the germination and growth of weeds by the action of pesticides and antibacterial agents, and an effect of removing various fungi that inhibit the germination and growth of plants such as agricultural crops and flowers. It has the effect of providing an excellent multi-sheet for agricultural and horticultural use.

In the agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned constitution, the antibacterial agent uses a silver chloro complex salt.

As a result, it is possible to provide an agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet that is more excellent in the effect of preventing the germination / growth of weeds and the effect of removing various fungi which inhibit the germination / growth of plants such as agricultural crops and flowers. Produce an effect.

The agricultural and horticultural multi-sheet of the present invention further comprises a wax. As a result, various strength and durability are further improved, the effects of maintaining soil temperature and water retention are further improved, and the outflow of pesticides and antibacterial agents due to rainwater, irrigation, etc. is prevented, and this is a multi-use gardening sheet. The effect of being able to provide.

[0041]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional shape of a ridge stretched using a paper multi-sheet. The thick black line shows the cross section of the ridge, and the thin black line shows the cross section of the paper multi-sheet.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) D21H 17/60 D21H 17/60 21/36 21/36

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A multi-sheet for agricultural and horticultural use, which comprises paper containing an agricultural chemical and / or an antibacterial agent. 2. The agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial agent is a silver chloro complex salt. 3. The agricultural / horticultural multi-sheet according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a wax.