JP2003047175A - Distributed power supply device and distributed power supply control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a distributed power supply device and a distributed power supply control system, which allows consumption of electric power suitable for a distributed power source having a large storage capacity of surplus power and individual consumers, and has a good power generating efficiency as a whole. SOLUTION: Surplus power is stored in a surplus power storage device 2 as fuel for generating power; generating power is made by a fuel cell generating power facility 3 with the fuel for generating power; a number of distributed power supply devices 1, which make a micro-gas turbine generating facility 4 generate power, by making the fuel-cell generating power facility 3 as the starting power, are provided; generating power information of each distributed power supply device and consumption power information are sent to a distributed power supply control center 52 from a server 55 via Internet 56; the distributed power supply control center 52 compensates power to all consumers 51, by instructing the distributed power supply devices 1 which are short of power, to distribute power.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributed power supply device and a distributed power supply management system in which a plurality of types of power generation equipment for generating electric power by mutually generated electric power are provided to improve power generation efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Distributed power supply facilities are increasingly installed in factories, buildings, schools, hospitals, shops, homes and the like. Distributed power generation facilities include solar power generation facilities, wind power generation facilities, and fuel cell power generation facilities. The power supply system using these distributed power supply facilities has been put into practical use by making a backup contract with a power supply company because of the necessity of securing the power supply when the power generation facilities are stopped or when there is a failure.

On the other hand, on the side of the contracted electric power sales company, the electric power is supplied to the contractor who is irregularly short of electric power. We have adopted a system to increase electricity and support electricity. This increased power generation is theoretically equivalent to the power generation capacity of the distributed power source with a backup contract.

Since the electric power sales company has to start the transmission service work of the insufficient electric power immediately after such a backup contract for distributed power sources, the electric power generation facilities under partial load and standby state are also installed. The efficient operation of is restricted. Therefore, the power sales company will increase the amount of capital investment for the backup power supply contract for distributed power supply, and the unit price of electricity will be expensive. As a result, the unit price of the deficient electricity charge supplied by the electric power sales company to the distributed power source installer is higher than the unit price of the electricity charge when the dispersed power source is not installed.

[0005] In particular, power generation methods that rely on natural energy, such as solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment, increase the amount of expensive electricity bills paid during the rainy season. In the current power supply system as described above, the power sales company as a whole has a power generation facility in a standby state, resulting in a reduction in power generation efficiency. Furthermore, it is difficult to generate stable power in distributed power sources using natural energy, such as solar power generation facilities and wind power generation facilities, because it depends on the weather. Therefore, in order to effectively use these unstable power supply sources as distributed power supply equipment, a more complicated supply-demand balance adjustment function is required.

As a means for solving this problem, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 9
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 135536, distributed power sources composed of a large number of solar cells spread over a wide area are grouped, and the power generation amount, power consumption amount, etc. of each group are monitored, and when the power generation amount of the group exceeds a set value, power generation is performed. A system was announced in which power companies purchase excess power to control the amount of power consumption, and if the amount of power consumption is greater than the amount of power generation, the demand and supply of power is adjusted between groups, and if it is insufficient, the consumption is controlled. ing.

However, this system is a system in which the power generation efficiency is reduced as a whole by the management depending on each group, such as grouping the distributed power sources and suppressing the power generation when the power generation amount is large. there were. further,
For storage of electric power generated during low season or time consumption, a storage battery was used, and the stored electric power capacity was too small.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above,
It is possible to develop a distributed power supply unit and a distributed power supply management system that can use a distributed power supply with a large storage capacity of surplus power and power that suits individual consumers without suppressing generated power, and that has good overall power generation efficiency. It was wanted. The present invention is
It was made in order to solve such a conventional problem, it is possible to use a distributed power supply with a large storage capacity of surplus power and the power suitable for individual consumers, and a distributed power supply device and a distributed power supply with good overall power generation efficiency. It is intended to provide a power management system.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a distributed power supply device and a distributed power management system having the following configurations.

That is, the distributed power supply device according to claim 1 is a fuel cell power generation facility, a fuel generator to which surplus power of the fuel cell power generation facility is supplied as generated energy, and a fuel gas generated by the fuel generator. And a storage container for storing as a fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distributed power supply system in which a fuel cell power generation facility for generating power from fuel gas for power generation and a micro gas turbine power generation facility capable of generating electric power from the fuel cell power generation facility as starting power and controlling the amount of power generation And an electrolyzer for supplying the surplus power to generate the fuel gas for power generation, and a storage container for storing the fuel gas for power generation generated by the electrolyzer as fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell. It is characterized by being done.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the distributed power supply device according to the first or second aspect.
In the distributed power supply device according to the description, the surplus electric power is electric power during power generation which is equal to or more than the amount of power consumption, such as fuel cell power generation equipment, micro gas turbine power generation equipment, micro water turbine power generation equipment, geothermal power generation equipment, solar cell power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, etc. 3. The distributed power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the distributed power supply device is the generated power of the device.

According to the distributed power supply device of the present invention, since the surplus power is stored as the fuel for power generation, the storage capacity is large and the power can be stored without restraining the power generation. Can generate power. further,
Since the distributed power supply device of the present invention is a distributed power supply device used as the starting power for the other power generation, stable power generation can be achieved. Further, the power generation facility that is a combination of the fuel cell power generation facility, the micro gas turbine power generation facility, and the surplus power storage device can provide a stable and inexpensive power compensation service to the consumer.

According to another aspect of the distributed power management system of the present invention, a fuel cell power generation facility, an electrolysis device to which surplus power of the fuel cell power generation facility is supplied, and a fuel gas generated by the electrolysis device are supplied to the fuel cell. A distributed power supply device having a storage container for storing as a fuel gas for power generation is provided, and the distributed power supply devices are provided at a plurality of locations separated from each other, and the distributed power supply management center is provided from each of these distributed power supply devices via a communication path such as the Internet. Is a distributed power management system that collects and manages generated power information and power consumption information, and the distributed power management center receives and stores the current generated power amount information and power consumption amount information from each distributed power source device. However, it is characterized by comprising power compensating means for power distribution connection from the distributed power supply device having surplus power to the insufficient distributed power supply device.

A distributed power management system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is a fuel cell power generation facility for generating power from fuel gas for power generation, and a micro gas turbine power generation capable of generating electric power from the fuel cell power generation facility as starting power and controlling the amount of power generation. Equipment and
A distributed power source having an electrolyzer that is supplied with surplus power to generate the fuel gas for power generation, and a storage container that stores the fuel gas for power generation generated by the electrolyzer as fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell A distributed power source in which a distributed power source management center collects and manages generated power information and power consumption information from each of these distributed power source devices via multiple communication paths such as the Internet. In the management system, the distributed power management center receives the current generated power amount information and the consumed power amount information from each distributed power supply device, stores the information, and distributes the distributed power supply equipment lacking surplus power. It is characterized by comprising power compensating means for power distribution connection to the power supply device.

The distributed power management system according to claim 6 is the distributed power management system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein each of the distributed power supply devices provided at a plurality of locations apart from each other is dedicated for backup separately from those belonging to a customer. The distributed power supply devices are distributedly arranged.

According to the distributed power management system of the present invention,
For all distributed generators managed by the distributed generator management center, the current supply and demand conditions of electricity are monitored, and the balance of supply and demand is adjusted, while the surplus electricity is stored in the generated fuel. Can receive power supply. Even when looking at the power generation system as a whole, it is not necessary to prepare each power generation facility in a standby state, and it is possible to always operate in a state in which power generation efficiency is optimum.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of a distributed power supply device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The distributed power supply device 1 is
A surplus power storage device 2 that stores surplus power as a fuel gas for power generation, a fuel cell power generation facility 3 that generates power from a power generation fuel gas, and a DC voltage of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 for ignition to generate a high-pressure gas flow. It comprises a micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 which is used as a voltage to generate electricity.

The surplus power storage device 2 has a function of storing surplus power as fuel gas for power generation, and applies a surplus voltage as fuel generation energy for power generation to generate fuel gas for power generation, for example, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Fuel generator 5 for power generation and hydrogen gas storage device 6 for storing the generated hydrogen
And an oxygen gas storage device 7. The fuel gas for power generation of this embodiment is a fuel gas for power generation for the fuel cell power generation facility 3, and is hydrogen gas or oxygen gas.

A typical example of the power generation fuel generator 5 is an electrolysis device that electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas as a power generation fuel gas.

The power source for the electrolyzer uses surplus power from the fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4. The surplus electric power is the electric power being generated which is equal to or greater than the current power consumption and is the power generation output of the fuel cell power generation facility, the micro gas turbine power generation facility, the micro water turbine power generation facility, the geothermal power generation facility, the solar cell power generation facility, the wind power generation facility, and the like. The electrolyzer is preferably driven by a DC power supply, and the output of the micro gas turbine power generation equipment 4 is preferably applied with a DC voltage of AC / DC converted output. In other words, as long as surplus electricity is generated, the fuel for power generation of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 is generated by the fuel generator 5 for power generation and stored in the form of fuel for power generation.

Therefore, since the distributed power supply device 1 has a large storage capacity of surplus power, each generator can continue to generate power with optimum power generation efficiency. The fuel generator 5 for power generation is
It may be a fuel gas reformer that produces hydrogen gas or oxygen gas from fuel gas for fuel cell power generation. The fuel gas reformer 5 does not have a function of generating fuel gas for power generation by using surplus power.

In the fuel cell power generation facility 3, the electrolyzer, and the fuel gas reformer 5, power generation efficiency and
The production efficiency of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is improved. This heat source can reuse exhaust heat of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4.

The fuel cell power generation facility 3 is a hydrogen gas storage device 6
Is supplied to the negative electrode side, oxygen gas from the oxygen gas storage device 7 is supplied to the positive electrode side, and a direct current voltage is generated by a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The DC voltage of the power generation output of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 is converted into an AC voltage of a predetermined frequency by the DC / AC converter 8 by, for example, an inverter circuit and output.

The micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 uses a DC power source of the output of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 as a gas turbine starting power source. That is, an air compressor connected to a gas turbine by a DC power source is rotated by a DC motor to generate high pressure air required for gas turbine ignition, and fuel is added to the high pressure air for ignition. The ignited fuel gas 9 drives a micro gas turbine, continuously drives an air compressor, and drives a connected generator to generate electric power.

The combustion gas that has worked in the gas turbine is
Although the pressure temperature is lowered to release energy, the exhaust temperature is as high as about 200 ° C., and the waste heat recovery boiler 13 is installed to recover this heat energy.
Part of the steam generated in the waste heat recovery boiler 13 is used as a heat source for adjusting the electrolysis temperature of the fuel generator 5 for power generation, and the surplus heat energy is used as a general heat source for factory equipment and the like. You can

The fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 are power generation facilities in which the amount of power generated can be controlled relatively freely.

The DC voltage generated by the fuel cell power generation equipment 3 of the distributed power supply device 1 is used partially for ignition of the micro gas turbine 11, and the rest is a DC / AC converter 8 at a predetermined frequency, for example, a frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 100 V. The output of the AC voltage converted to is obtained. The micro gas turbine 11 uses the DC voltage generated by the fuel cell power generation facility 3 to generate power as follows. The micro gas turbine 11 is provided with an air compressor, and this air compressor is rotationally driven by a DC voltage generated by the fuel cell power generation facility 3 via a DC motor. The air compressor discharges high pressure air and ignites by adding fuel to the high pressure air. The ignited combustion gas drives the micro gas turbine 11,
At the same time, the power generation facility 12 is driven to generate an AC voltage.
At this time, the exhaust heat from the micro gas turbine 11 is supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 13. The waste heat recovery boiler 13 generates steam, and a part of the steam is used as a heat source for the reaction temperature of the fuel generator 5 for power generation.

The fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 is generated by using a gas obtained by converting surplus power into a fuel gas for power generation. The surplus power of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 is converted into a fuel gas for power generation and stored by a fuel generator 5 for power generation, for example, an electrolyzer. Since the fuel gas for power generation only needs to have an additional storage tank, the storage capacity is substantially increased.

The power generation facility that is a combination of the fuel cell power generation facility 3, the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4, and the surplus power storage device 2 can provide a stable and inexpensive power compensation service to the consumer.

In this embodiment, the power generation by the micro gas turbine power generation equipment 4 has been described, but the distributed power supply device 1 may be constituted by a small hydroelectric power generation equipment (micro hydroelectric power generation equipment) or a geothermal power generation device.

Next, an embodiment of the power generation fuel generator 5 for storing the surplus power as fuel for power generation will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same parts as those in FIG.

A flat cathode 22 and an anode 23 are provided in the airtight container 21 so as to face each other. The cathode 22 and the anode 23 are electrodes in which the base material is titanium or a titanium alloy, and the surface of the base material is coated with a noble metal such as iridium or platinum. A water conduit 25 for introducing water, for example, pure water 24, into the airtight container 21 is connected to the side wall surface of the airtight container 21.

A cathode terminal 26 and an anode terminal 27 are provided on the outer wall surface of the upper surface of the airtight container 21 for applying electric power for electrolysis reaction between the cathode 22 and the anode 23, and the cathode terminal 26 and the anode terminal are provided. A surplus power input circuit 28 is connected between 27 so as to apply surplus power. Further, an electrolytic solution supply pipe 29 for supplying a predetermined amount of electrolytic solution is connected to the lower side wall surface of the airtight container 21.

Oxygen gas and hydrogen gas produced by electrolysis are generated in the upper space 30 in the airtight container 21.
The generated oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are separated by the acid / hydrogen separator 32 via the pipe 31, the hydrogen gas is led to the pipe 33, and the oxygen gas is led to the pipe 34.

The acid / hydrogen separator 32 can separate hydrogen gas, for example, by providing a hydrogen permeable membrane as a filter that allows only hydrogen gas to selectively pass through the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas passages. Examples of the hydrogen permeable film include a porous support having a surface coated with an alloy of 3 to 15 at% of at least one of rare earth elements Sm, Ce, and Yb and the balance Pd and impurities, and Nb having V and Ta. , Ni, Ti, M
For example, an alloy coated with at least one of O and Zr is coated.

Further, the electrolyte concentration control unit 35 is connected to a measuring circuit 36 connected to detect the voltage and current between the cathode terminal 26 and the anode terminal 27, and an electrolytic circuit connected to the output circuit of the measuring circuit 36. Liquid supply amount control circuit 37
And a mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the electrolyte solution adjusting valve 41 for controlling the supply quantity of the electrolyte solution supplied from the electrolyte solution storage tank 40 into the airtight container 21 by the electrolyte solution supply amount control circuit 37. There is.

The electrolytic solution supply amount control circuit 37 measures the resistance of the aqueous solution in the airtight container 21 from the voltage and current values between the cathode terminal 26 and the anode terminal 27, calculates the concentration of the electrolytic solution, and determines the predetermined concentration. This is a circuit that is operated by the microcomputer so as to maintain the signal and outputs a signal for adjusting the opening of the electrolytic solution amount control valve 41, for example, the solenoid valve.

Next, the process of generating fuel for power generation from surplus power will be described. Water, tap water or pure water 24 is a water conduit 24
To the predetermined water level 38 in the airtight container 21. After that, the electrolytic solution amount control valve 41 is opened, and the electrolytic solution, for example, saline is supplied until a predetermined concentration is reached. The supply of these water and electrolytic solution is automatically advanced according to a procedure based on previously tested data.

After that, surplus power is applied between the cathode terminal 26 and the anode terminal 2627. As a result, an electrolysis reaction is started between the cathode terminal 26 and the anode terminal 27, oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are electrolyzed and generated, and are accumulated in the upper space 30 in the airtight container 21. The oxygen gas and the hydrogen gas are separated from the hydrogen gas by an acid / hydrogen separator 32 via a pipe 31, and the fuel cell power generation facility 3
To generate fuel for power generation. The generated oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are stored in the oxygen gas storage device 6 and the hydrogen gas storage device 7, respectively.

It is safe to store the oxygen gas and hydrogen gas storage devices 6 and 7 underground. In this way, if the electrolysis reaction is continued by the surplus power, the concentration of the electrolytic solution decreases, but the electrolytic solution concentration management unit 35
As described below, the concentration of the electrolytic solution is automatically and constantly controlled to stably generate the fuel for power generation.

That is, the measuring circuit 36 is always the cathode terminal 2
6 and the anode terminal 27, the voltage and the current are detected to calculate the conduction resistance between the cathode 22 and the anode 23 in the airtight container 21, and the concentration of the electrolytic solution is calculated from the conduction resistance value to calculate the electrolytic solution supply control circuit. Supply to 37.

The electrolytic solution supply amount control circuit 37 calculates the mixed amount of the electrolytic solution by calculating so that the concentration of the electrolytic solution becomes a preset concentration, and based on this mixed amount, the opening degree of the electrolytic solution amount control valve 41. The adjustment signal is output to adjust the opening degree of the electrolyte solution adjustment valve 41.

In this way, the electrolyzer can continuously perform electrolysis and generate fuel for power generation from the surplus power.

Next, an embodiment of the distributed power management system will be described with reference to FIG. Descriptions of the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are duplicated, and therefore the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The distributed power supply device 1 described with reference to FIG. 1 includes a surplus power storage device 2 for storing surplus power as fuel for power generation,
It is composed of a fuel cell power generation facility 3 for generating power using a fuel for power generation, and a micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 for generating power using the DC voltage of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 as starting power.

The distributed power supply devices 1 are distributed over a wide area in a regional manner, and the power consumption circuits of the customers 51 are connected to the distributed power supply devices 1, respectively. Each distributed power supply device 1 contracts with the distributed power supply management center 52 so that each customer 51 can receive a stable supply of electric power. The term “contract” means to form a system in which all distributed power supply units 1 contracted to the distributed power management center 52 cooperate with each other. The cooperative relationship means that the distributed power supply device 1 having surplus power at that time.
All of these are to distribute electric power to the insufficient distributed power supply device 1.

The distributed power supply device 1 may be constructed by the customer 51 and may have a power compensation contract with the distributed power supply management center 52. In this case, when the surplus power is supplied to another customer 51, the power is sold. The distributed power management center 52 constructs the customer 5
1 may be contracted to supply power.

The distributed power supply device 1 having surplus power also includes power generation equipment that is generating power at or below the maximum power generation capacity. In particular, when a device for storing surplus power is not installed, the operation is performed at a power generation capacity or less in order to operate the generated power amount according to the power consumption. This cooperative relationship is that the distributed power management center 52 distributes in a timely manner according to a predetermined procedure. Therefore, the larger the number of all distributed power supply devices 1 contracted to the distributed power supply management center 52, the more stable the power supply.

A distributed power management system 53 satisfying these requirements will be described with reference to FIG.

The distributed power management system 53 collects and analyzes real-time data of the amount of power generation and the amount of power consumption of the distributed power supply 1, the customers 51, and all of the contracted distributed power supplies 1, and analyzes the distributed power supply shortage. A distributed power supply management center 52 that distributes and controls the shortage of power to the device 1 from the distributed power supply device 1 having surplus power, and data such as the current power generation amount and the current power consumption amount of the distributed power supply device 1 are stored. A power monitoring device 54; a server 55 for transmitting data such as generated power amount and power consumption amount collected by the power monitoring device 54 to the distributed power management center 52 via communication means;
The distributed power management center 52 and the bidirectional communication network of the Internet 56 for bidirectional communication between each distributed power supply device 1 are provided.

The distributed power management center 52 collects data on the current power generation status and power consumption status of each contracted distributed power supply apparatus 1 via the Internet 56 in real time or intermittently. Based on the collected information, the distributed power management center 52 controls to distribute the insufficient power from the distributed power supply 1 in which the surplus power is generated to the insufficient distributed power supply 1, and to control the remaining surplus power as fuel for power generation. To do.

In the control of the distributed power management center 52, the maximum power generation capacity value of each contracted distributed power supply unit 1 is stored in advance in the memory of the computer as data, and these stored data and the current power consumption are calculated. Is constantly calculated to manage the presence or absence of the insufficient distributed power supply device 1, and if there is, control is performed to compensate for this.

The distributed power management center 52 collects and collectively manages the amount of generated power and the amount of consumed power generated (used) by all of the contracted distributed power supply devices 1 and leveled the required power. Predict the amount and perform control to achieve stable power supply.

The fuel gas reformer 57 is a means for generating hydrogen and oxygen, which are fuel for power generation in this embodiment. The fuel gas reformer 57 uses the waste heat from the waste heat recovery boiler 14 of the micro gas turbine 11 as a reforming reaction temperature to reform a fuel gas such as methanol to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.

The stable power supply method by the distributed power management center 52 described above includes the following method. Set the backup order in advance between multiple distributed power sources,
There is also a method of interpolating each other. For example, A power generation facility and Z
If the power generation facilities are compensating for stable power supply, and when the power supply capacity of these power generation facilities is exceeded, the power generation facility B is requested to supply power for the excess amount of electricity, and cooperation is taken to reduce the power shortage. To replenish.

When the power generation facilities of B and A are compensating for stable power supply, when the power supply capacity of these power generation facilities is exceeded, the C power generation facility is requested to supply power for the excess electricity amount. And cooperate to supplement the power shortage.

When the stable power supply is compensated for in the C power generation facility and the B power generation facility, when the power supply capacity of these power generation facilities is exceeded, the D power generation facility is requested to supply the excess amount of electricity. And cooperate to supplement the power shortage. If the Z power generation facility and the Y power generation facility are compensating for stable power supply, when the power supply capacity of these power generation facilities is exceeded, a request is made for power supply to the A power generation facility for the excess amount of electricity, and cooperation is provided. We will obtain and supplement the power shortage. With such a power supply system, there is no stakeholder when a distributed power source is installed in each factory distributed by the same business owner, so by taking the sequential backup configuration as described above, the function of the management center Can be simplified.

Next, an embodiment of stable power supply by the distributed power management system 53 will be described. Distributed power management center 5
2 contracts with the distributed power supply device 1 that is distributed over a wide range. At this time, the distributed power management center 52 stores and registers the power generation capacity value of the contracted distributed power supply device 1 as data in the computer together with the mail address of the Internet 56.

After this registration, the power monitoring device 54 of each distributed power supply device 1 constantly detects the current power generation amount and power consumption amount of its own equipment via the server 55, and the power monitoring device 54 constantly detects the power generation amount and the consumed power amount. Send to. The distributed power management center 52 constantly confirms whether or not the registered distributed power supply device 1 has insufficient power.

Among the many distributed power supply devices 1, the distributed power supply device 1 whose power consumption amount is constant, the distributed power supply device 1 whose power consumption amount tends to increase, and the distributed power supply device whose power consumption amount tends to decrease. The device 1, the distributed power supply device 1 in which the generated power amount is constant, and the distributed power supply device 1 in which the generated power amount tends to decrease
Then, there is an operating state of the distributed power supply device 1 and the like in which the amount of generated power tends to increase. The computer estimates the above state from the data transmitted from each distributed power supply device 1 and outputs a control signal so that insufficient power does not occur.

When the distributed power supply management center 52 finds the distributed power supply device 1 that tends to run out of power, it finds one or a plurality of distributed power supply devices 1 having surplus power and controls the backup service. This backup service is a system in which members who have contracts with the distributed power management center 52 cooperate with each other, and the distributed power supply device 1 having a surplus power generation capacity at present has an increase in the amount of power generation and the distributed power management center 52.
Controlled by the request.

Even if the compensation control / management is performed in this way, the customer 51 in which the shortage of power is generated is treated by the command from the distributed power supply management center 52 as an abnormal power supply, and is backed up by purchasing power from the power company. Since the distributed power management center 52 has a relatively high unit power charge, the power generation amount of each distributed power supply device 1 is controlled to the maximum so that the purchased power amount from this power company is minimized.

The minimum amount of purchased power is to control the generated power amount to be equal to or less than the total power purchase contract amount with the power company. In order to enable this control, a contract is signed with a large number of distributed power supply devices 1, and the backup power when the distributed power supply device 1 alone has a shortage of power depends on the margin of the power generation amount of the other distributed power supply device 1. It can be absorbed, and it can be expected to save equipment rather than simply accumulate the backup power supply capacity.

The exhaust heat of the micro gas turbine 11 is supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 14 to generate steam, which is used as the steam for the fuel gas reformer 57 and the reversible reaction steam of the fuel cell facility 3. As a result, the thermal efficiency can be improved. In this embodiment, the example of transmitting the data of the generated power amount and the consumed power amount of each distributed power source device 1 to the distributed power source management center 52 in real time has been described, but the data is intermittently transmitted in a short cycle without any problem in control monitoring. May be.

The micro gas turbine 11 is always in standby operation in order to enable immediate backup when power shortage occurs. Furthermore, in order to enable more efficient operation in the load band, the reversible reaction operation of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 is performed using the surplus power that is not transmitted to the grid, and the electrolysis apparatus shown in FIG. The amount of reserves can be increased by replacing energy with chemical energy and storing it in the form of fuel for power generation. The stored hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are
It is used as fuel for fuel cells during backup operation and as an auxiliary fuel / oxygen source for micro gas turbines.

Next, another embodiment of the distributed power management system will be described with reference to FIG. Descriptions of the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are duplicated, and therefore the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted. This embodiment is a case in which an electrolysis hydrogen / oxygen gas generator 60 for converting surplus power into fuel for power generation and storing it is newly provided in the distributed power supply device 1 of the embodiment of FIG.

That is, in addition to the fuel gas reformer 57 for reforming a fuel gas for igniting the micro gas turbine 11, for example, methanol to generate hydrogen gas or oxygen gas, the distributed power supply apparatus 1 has an excess. A hydrogen / oxygen gas generator 60 is provided which electrolyzes water by electric power to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The hydrogen / oxygen gas generator 60 is the electrolyzer described in FIG.

A switching circuit (not shown) is provided in the output circuits of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4.
An electrolysis type hydrogen / oxygen gas generator 60 is connected via the. The switching circuit is always disconnected, and only when excess power is generated, it is controlled to be conductive by the control of the distributed power management center 52 to convert the excess power into fuel for power generation to convert the hydrogen gas storage device 6 and the oxygen gas storage device. Store at 7.

The hydrogen gas storage device 6 and the oxygen gas storage device 7 are significantly different from the battery, and correspond to a very large capacity for storing electric power. When the consumer 51 is a household, the stored power is large, and when the daytime power consumption is small, normal power generation is continued and stored as surplus power, and when the customer is a factory or a store, the holiday power consumption is small, Power generation can be continued and stored as surplus power. By such continuous power generation, the facility recovery efficiency of each fuel cell power generation facility 3 and micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 is improved.

As the distributed power supply devices 1 and 63, a fuel cell power generation facility 3, a micro gas turbine power generation facility 4, and an electrolysis type hydrogen / oxygen gas generator 60 having an energy storage function are stable and inexpensive. Various power compensation services can be provided to the consumer 51.

In the hydrogen / oxygen gas producing process by the electrolysis type hydrogen / oxygen gas producing apparatus 60, the exhaust heat of the micro gas turbine power generation equipment 4 is used in order to prevent the reaction rate from decreasing due to the endothermic reaction. By forming a heating atmosphere of, for example, about 200 ° C. as a heat source, hydrogen / oxygen gas can be generated with the best efficiency, and the thermal efficiency can be improved in total.

Further, the distributed power supply device 1 of this embodiment is provided with a DC voltage for igniting the fuel gas in order to rotate the micro gas turbine 11 at a high speed, by using the power generation output of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 from the outside. Even when there is no large amount of power source, the power plant can be started up.

Next, another embodiment of the distributed power management system will be described with reference to FIG. Descriptions of the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are duplicated, and therefore the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof will be omitted. This embodiment is a distributed power management system 53 for realizing stable power supply even when the customers 51 registered in the distributed power supply device 1 are distributed over a wide area.

In general, the power capacity of the power wiring network 62 is not uniform, and the power capacity of the electric wire is reduced from the regular power source toward the consumer 51, which is the consumer end. Therefore, in the distributed power management system 53, when the area where the power consumption is increased and the power is insufficient and the backup service is provided and the area of the backup power source that compensates for the insufficient power are separated, the relationship between the power transmission and distribution facility capacities is provided. In some cases, it may not be possible to receive sufficient backup service effects.

In order to solve this problem, in this embodiment, one or a large number of distributed backup dedicated power supply devices 63 are distributed in these power networks so that each of the distributed customers 51 is within a distance that can receive the same service. It is a system that is arranged. Therefore, the backup dedicated distributed power supply 63
The distance over which the same service can be received is measured in advance, and all the customers 51 are distributed and arranged at the required points within this measured value.

Furthermore, the backup dedicated distributed power supply device 6
3 is the time when the contracted customer 51 has a shortage of power from the power consumption value and the generated power value at each time,
It can be installed so as to compensate for this shortage of electric power. As a result, this embodiment has a wider range of customers.
1 and the distributed power supply device 1 can form the distributed power supply management system 53, and the reinforcement of the system equipment and the adjustment of the coordinated setting can be made slight or unnecessary, and the range of adoption of the distributed power supply device 1 can be further expanded.

The configuration of the backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 is the same as the distributed power supply device 1 for the consumer 51, and constantly or intermittently for the distributed power management center 52, the generated power amount, the consumed power amount, the stored power amount, etc. Information on the Internet 56
It is configured to be transmitted via. Distributed power management center 52
If there is a customer 51 who has a large amount of power consumption and a power shortage among the members registered in, it is possible to install a backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 in the vicinity of the customer 51 in advance to compensate. . The backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 is distributed and arranged in each predetermined area.
The amount of power purchased from the electric power company can be greatly reduced.

The distributed power management system 53 as described above is
The distributed power management center 52 immediately issues a backup command when the distributed power supply fails, such as when the amount of power purchased exceeds the contracted power purchase amount with the electric power company, thereby increasing the amount of power generated by the backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 and totaling with the electric power company. The operation can be controlled so that the power purchase contract amount is less than or equal to the contract amount.

These backup dedicated distributed power supply devices 6
By increasing the diameter of the electric wire connecting the three, the transmission loss between the backup dedicated distributed power supply units 63 can be reduced,
Even between the backup-dedicated distributed power supply devices 63, mutual power supply support can be provided, and more stable power supply can be performed.

The distributed power supply devices 1 and 63 to which the distributed power supply management center 52 issues a backup command are one or a plurality of distributed power supply devices 1 and 63, which cooperate with each other.

The backup power generation command may be transmitted from the distributed power management center 52 or a plurality of distributed power management centers 52 in which command systems are distributed in advance for each position.
Therefore, when the backup request for a certain area exceeds the planned installed capacity of the distributed power supply unit 63 for backup, the nearby distributed power supply unit 63 for backup performs support power generation, and the state where the contracted power amount is not exceeded is maintained. maintain.

The distributed power management center 52 collects the generated power amount and the consumed power amount generated (used) in all the contracted distributed power supply devices 1 as data and collectively manages them.
Predict the leveled required backup power amount and control the stable backup power supply.

The distributed power management center 52 obtains the amount of compensation power to be prepared as a backup for each distributed power unit 1.
The predetermined micro gas turbine power generation facility 4, fuel cell power generation facility 3, and surplus power storage device 2 are operated efficiently.

The distributed power management center 52 controls the operation of the fuel cell power generation facility 3 and the micro gas turbine power generation facility 4 in order to provide a backup electricity amount compensation service to the customers 51 in which a plurality of distributed power sources 1 are installed in a distributed manner. Achieve optimal operating costs for power management and management of power shortage.

A specific usage example of the backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 is as follows. The electrolysis device shown in FIG. 2 is operated by always operating at an optimum (efficient) power generation amount and utilizing the reversible reaction of the surplus power in the fuel cell. To generate hydrogen / oxygen gas, and to store the standby power in the form of chemical energy by storing the hydrogen / oxygen gas. When the distributed power management center 52 requests generation of electricity, hydrogen gas is used as fuel. The ratio of power generated by the fuel cell power generation facility 3 is increased, and the stored hydrogen / oxygen gas is used to generate power by the fuel cell power generation facility 3 to supply power to the grid. By operating in this way, the backup dedicated distributed power supply device 63 can immediately supply backup power, and can solve the decrease in backup power generation facility efficiency.

[0087]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to use a distributed power supply having a large storage capacity of surplus power or power suitable for an individual consumer, and a distributed power supply with good overall power generation efficiency. A device and a distributed power management system can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram for explaining a configuration of a distributed power supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of an electrolyzer for explaining an embodiment of the surplus power storage device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram for explaining an embodiment of a distributed power management system according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram for explaining another embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram for explaining another embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Distributed power supply device, 2 ... Surplus power storage device, 3 ... Fuel cell power generation facility, 4 ... Micro gas turbine power generation facility, 5 ...
Fuel generator for power generation, 6 ... Hydrogen gas storage device, 7 ... Oxygen gas storage device, 8 ... DC / AC conversion device, 9 ... Fuel gas,
10 ... Rotating shaft, 11 ... Micro gas turbine, 12 ... Power generation equipment, 13 ... Waste heat recovery boiler, 21 ... Airtight container, 22
... Cathode, 23 ... Anode, 24 ... Water, 25 ... Water pipe, 26 ... Cathode terminal, 27 ... Anode terminal, 28 ...
Surplus power input circuit, 29 ... Electrolyte supply pipe, 30 ... Upper space, 31, 33, 34 ... Piping, 32 ... Acid / hydrogen separator,
35 ... Concentration management unit, 36 ... Measuring circuit, 37 ... Electrolyte solution supply control circuit, 38 ... Water level, 40 ... Electrolyte storage tank, 4
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electrolyte solution control valve, 51 ... Consumer, 52 ... Distributed power management center, 53 ... Distributed power management system, 54 ... Power monitoring device, 55 ... Server, 56 ... Internet, 57 ...
Fuel gas reformer, 60 ... Hydrogen / oxygen gas generator, 62
... power distribution network, 63 ... distributed power supply device dedicated for backup.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A fuel cell power generation facility, a fuel generator to which surplus power of the fuel cell power generation facility is supplied as generation energy, and a fuel gas generated by the fuel generator for power generation of the fuel cell. A distributed power supply device, comprising: a storage container for storing as. 2. A fuel cell power generation facility for generating power from fuel gas for power generation, a micro gas turbine power generation facility capable of generating power using the power of the fuel cell power generation facility as starting power and controlling the amount of power generation to increase or decrease, and surplus power being supplied. An electrolyzer for generating the fuel gas for power generation; and a storage container for storing the fuel gas for power generation generated by the electrolyzer as fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell, Distributed power supply. 3. The surplus power is the power that is being generated and is equal to or more than the power consumption, and is used for power generation of fuel cell power generation equipment, micro gas turbine power generation equipment, micro water turbine power generation equipment, geothermal power generation equipment, solar cell power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, etc. The distributed power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, which is electric power. 4. A fuel cell power generation facility, an electrolyzer to which surplus power of the fuel cell power facility is supplied, and a fuel gas generated by the electrolyzer is stored as a fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell. A distributed power supply device having a storage container is provided, and the distributed power supply devices are provided at a plurality of locations separated from each other, and the distributed power supply management center transmits power generation information and power consumption information via communication paths such as the Internet from these distributed power supply devices. A distributed power management system for collecting and managing the distributed power management center, wherein the distributed power management center receives and stores the current generated power amount information and power consumption amount information from each distributed power source device, and stores the distributed power source having surplus power. A distributed power management system comprising power compensating means for power distribution connection from a device to a lacking distributed power supply. 5. A fuel cell power generation facility for generating power from a fuel gas for power generation, a micro gas turbine power generation facility capable of generating power using the power of the fuel cell power generation facility as starting power, and controlling the increase / decrease of this power generation, and surplus power are supplied. A distributed power supply device having an electrolyzer for generating the fuel gas for power generation and a storage container for storing the fuel gas for power generation generated by the electrolyzer as fuel gas for power generation of the fuel cell, A distributed power supply management system in which distributed power supply devices are provided at a plurality of locations separately from each other, and a distributed power supply management center collects and manages generated power information and power consumption information from each of these distributed power supply devices via a communication path such as the Internet. The distributed power management center receives the current power generation amount information and power consumption amount information from each distributed power source device, stores them, and has surplus power. Distributed Power management system characterized by being provided with a power compensation device for power distribution connections to the distributed power supply Missing from distributed power generation. 6. The distributed power supply device dedicated to backup is distributedly arranged in addition to the power supply devices belonging to a customer in each of the distributed power supply devices provided at a plurality of locations spaced apart from each other. Distributed power management system.