JP2003044974A - Data gathering method and data gathering system used to implement the same method, and solar battery array and electric power storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a data gathering method which can measure and gather data in an unmanned state even in an area where no general power supply system is prepared to monitor data regarding environment at a plurality of points, and to provide a data gathering system used to implement the method, a solar battery array and an electric power storage device. SOLUTION: To gather data by sending and receiving measurement instruction data and measurement data obtained by executing the instruction among a plurality of stations, the data gathering method is constituted so that each station confirms the destination of the measurement instruction data, sends the measurement data obtained by performing a measurement based upon the instruction when the measurement instruction data are addressed to itself or sends the measurement instruction data without executing the instruction when not, and gathers data directly when specific stations are in a radio-wave arrival range or through other stations in the radio-wave arrival range when the specific stations are outside the radio-wave arrival range.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data collection method for collecting environmental data from a plurality of or specific points, and a data collection system, a solar cell array, and an independent power supply device used directly for implementing the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The recent rapid increase in population and rapid economic growth bring about deterioration of the natural environment, and its recovery and conservation have been taken up as a major issue. To address this challenge, it is first desirable to monitor a wide range of environmental data over time. In addition, it is extremely important to manage and accumulate the data collectively and use it for the protection of the natural environment and, in turn, the improvement and improvement of the living environment in the area.

When collecting environmental data over a wide range, securing a power source necessary for data measurement and collection is one of the problems.
This is because it is necessary to build a highly versatile system that can be monitored in both general power grid areas and undeveloped areas.

Various environmental data such as water quality and atmosphere are measured in various places. For water quality surveys, a hut is set up near the measurement points in lakes, rivers, and the sea to pump up water, and measurement is performed with a measuring device. The measured data is transmitted to the computer at the center using a public communication network. For environmental surveys at points where there is no public communication network, a dedicated wired communication network will be installed or data will be transmitted wirelessly. Water quality is checked based on the transmitted data.

In lakes such as Lake Biwa, the water quality can be investigated by installing the hut as described above along the lake shore. However, offshore cannot be constructed as described above. Therefore, it is necessary to collect water for offshore, and it is not possible to easily conduct a water quality survey. Also, if water is pumped up, the distance from the pump to the intake becomes longer as it goes offshore.

When a measuring instrument is floated on a lake for automatic measurement, a commercial power source by a general power grid is not provided on the lake and it is necessary to replace the battery regularly. Also,
In order to collect the measured data, it is necessary to leave the ship offshore and collect the data, or to transmit the data to the base station by radio waves. However, if the ship goes offshore and collects data, it is not possible to constantly monitor the water quality.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to independently supply necessary power even in an area where a general power supply system is not installed in order to monitor environment-related data at a plurality of or specific points. It is to provide a data collection method that can be secured and can measure data and collect data unattended, a data collection system directly used for the implementation, a solar cell array that constitutes an independent power supply device, and a power storage device.

[0008]

The gist of the data collection method of the present invention is to exchange the measurement command data and the measurement data obtained by the execution of the measurement command data by wireless communication between a plurality of stations equipped with independent power supply devices. In the method of collecting, the destination of the measurement command data is confirmed at each station, and when it is addressed to its own station, the command is executed and measurement is performed, and the measurement data obtained by this measurement is transmitted. If the measurement command data is not addressed to the own station, it is sent without executing the command, and it is directly within the radio wave reach range between the specified stations and within the radio wave reach range when it is outside the radio wave reach range. Data is collected by performing the wireless communication via another station. Wireless communication between the base station and the slave station includes a step of performing the relay method. In addition, the information processing device of the base station
It includes a step of displaying a map on a display device and a step of displaying measurement data on the map.

The gist of the data collection system of the present invention is to provide a slave station provided at a single or a plurality of points, a base station for collecting measurement data measured by the slave station, and the base station and a predetermined slave. A data collection system that includes a communication device that makes a wireless communication connection with a station directly when it is within the radio range, and when it is outside the radio range, through a wireless communication connection with another slave station within the radio range. The communication device includes a slave station communication unit provided in the slave station, and a base station communication unit provided in the base station, the slave station is the slave station communication unit,
A measuring device; and an independent power supply device including the slave station communication means and a solar battery and a power storage device for operating the measuring device, wherein the base station includes the base station communication means, and the measurement data. And an information processing device that performs the calculation and processing of. The information processing apparatus includes a map and means for displaying measurement data on the map. The communication device is
It includes means for performing communication by a relay system. The measurement data is environmental data.

The gist of the solar cell array is that it is formed into a substantially spherical shape by combining a plurality of planar modules.

The gist of the power storage device is that an electric double layer capacitor and a protection circuit are connected in parallel, and the protection circuits are connected in series.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a data collecting method, a data collecting system, a solar cell array and an electricity storage device which constitute an independent power supply device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the data collection system 10 includes a slave station 14 provided at a plurality of points.
And a base station 12 that collects measurement data measured by the slave station 14, and the slave station 14 and the base station 12 are communicatively connected by a communication device.

The communication device includes a slave station communication means 16 provided in the slave station 14 shown in FIG. 2 and a base station communication means provided in the base station. The slave station communication means 16 and the base station communication means include means for performing communication in a relay format. Therefore, when collecting the measurement data of the desired slave station,
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), it is performed by relay type communication. Moreover, communication is performed by wireless communication.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the slave station 14 has a sensor (measuring device) 2 for measuring environmental data.
2, the preamplifier 38, the slave station communication means 16, the computer 18, and the sensor 22, the preamplifier 38, the slave station communication means 16 and the independent power supply device 20 for operating the computer 18 are provided. The computer 18 controls measurement data processing and data transmission / reception. The base station 12 includes a base station communication unit and an information processing device that calculates and processes the measurement data measured by the slave station 14. The computer 18 and the slave station communication means 16 are arranged inside the cylindrical body 52. Power storage device 42 is arranged around columnar body 52, and cover 54 is provided around it.

The slave station communication means 16 of the slave station 14 includes a receiver 26 for receiving command data from the base station 12, a decoder 30 for decoding the received command data, an encoder 28 for encoding measurement data, and The transmission unit 24 is configured to transmit the encoded measurement data to the base station 12. Further, since the communication is performed in the relay format, the transmission unit 24 also has a function of transmitting command data and measurement data to other slave stations 14. Receiver 2
6 and the transmission unit 24 include a device for performing wireless communication. Therefore, the slave station communication means 16 includes an antenna. The frequency band used is, for example, the 1200 MHz band. The slave station communication means 16 is always energized and in a standby state. FSK (Frequenc
y Shift Keying) method is used. It includes means for generating a WAKEUP (activation) signal and inputting it to the computer 18 after receiving command data and the like.

The computer 18 of the slave station 14 has an analog-digital converter (ADC) 3 for converting the data signal from the preamplifier 38 into digital data.
6. C for controlling various devices and computing data
It comprises a PU (Central Processing Unit) 32 and a memory 34 for storing data. Computer 1
8 and the communication means 16 for the slave station are RS232C (Recommende
d Standard 232C) standard cable. Also, in order to save power, it normally waits in a sleep (stop) state. A WAKEUP signal for waking up the computer 18 from the sleep state is input from the slave station communication means 16 and the preamplifier 38. The computer 18 is controlled by a real time monitor. Further, in order for each slave station to recognize itself as a local station, each slave station ID is set by a DIP switch or rotary switch.
Further, when a larger network is formed from a plurality of groups formed by each slave station, in order to recognize the network group to which each slave station belongs, in addition to the above slave station ID, each slave station of the same group The same network ID is set for each.

The preamplifier 38 is constantly energized in order to monitor the signal from the sensor 22 and has a function of buffering the signal and adjusting it to the signal level of the computer 18. Further, in the preamplifier 38, when a signal equal to or higher than the threshold value of the analog input signal set by the trimmer or the like is input, WAKEUP to the computer 18 is performed.
Send a signal. Therefore, for example, when the water level reaches a dangerous water level in a river or the like, the information (measurement data such as the water level) can be promptly transmitted from the slave station 14 regardless of the presence or absence of command data from the base station 12.

A solar battery cell 40 shown in FIG. 4 is used in the independent power supply device 20 of the slave station 14. A plurality of solar battery cells 40 are arranged in a hexagonal plate-like body to form a planar solar battery module 46. The solar cell module 46 is a regular hexagon whose one side is, for example, 150 mm. The solar battery cell 40 is, for example, a square having one side of 20 mm. The space between adjacent solar cells 40 is 2 m
As m, 80 solar cells 40 are arranged in a hexagonal plate. The 80 solar cells 40 are connected in series, and 3.7 W (37 V, 100 mA) of electric power can be obtained from one solar cell module 46. The planar formation of the solar cell module 46 is
Each solar cell 40 connected in series in the same module
This is for avoiding non-uniformity of the photocurrent value caused by the difference in the incident angle of sunlight.

Further, a plurality of solar cell modules 46 are connected so as to face in multiple directions. This is to prevent the total amount of power generation from changing with time because the incident angle of sunlight on the solar cell module 46 varies with time. This eliminates the need to provide equipment such as a so-called sun tracking device in order to constantly direct the solar cell 40 surface of the solar cell module 46 toward the sun and obtain the maximum power.

As shown in FIG. 5, pentagonal plates 48 and 1
The solar cell array 50 with the zero-sided solar cell module 46
Make up. Note that depending on the required voltage value, the solar battery cells 40 can also be arranged and used on the plate-shaped body 48. The solar cell modules 46 are connected in parallel via a blocking diode. The shape of the solar cell array 50 is the same as that of the hemispherical portion of the fullerene C ₆₀ , that is, the shape of the upper half of the dodecahedron that is nearly spherical and has a wide flat surface.

The solar cell array 50 is a pentagonal plate-like body 4.
One of the eight is installed in the slave station 14 so as to face heaven and be parallel to the horizontal plane. In this case, the solar cell array 50 has five types of azimuth angles and two types of tilt angles (37.2).
, 79.2 °).

By configuring the solar cell array 50 as described above, the electric power almost equal to that when the solar tracking device is used (compared to the case where the solar cell modules having the same area are arranged in the south direction, Double the generated power)
It can be obtained with the minimum occupied area at the installation site. Furthermore, since there is no moving part, long-term reliability can be obtained, and because it is almost circular, the installation orientation can be selected and a highly versatile power generator can be realized. For example, it is effective when the installation orientation is not clear, such as when floating on the surface of a lake. The pentagonal plate 48 has a communication means 16 for the slave station.
The antenna can be provided. Table 1 shows the power generation amount of the solar cell array 50 obtained by the simulation. As is clear from this table, the solar cell array 50
Then, regardless of the installation direction, it is possible to secure almost the same electric power as when tracking the sun almost stably throughout the year.

[0024]

[Table 1]

Table 2 shows the amount of power generated by one solar cell module 46 when simulation is performed with the azimuth angle of the solar cell module 46 facing to the true south as 0 °. Other azimuths are angles when rotating from south to west (clockwise). The tilt angle is the angle of the solar cell module 46 with respect to the horizontal plane. It should be noted that this is only a simulation for examining the correlation between the angle and the amount of power generation, and the values of the tilt angle (40 °, 80 °) are
This is different from the present embodiment.

[0026]

[Table 2]

In this embodiment, the solar cell array 50 is formed by combining pentagonal and hexagonal planes into a substantially spherical shape, but the main point is that the solar cells are arranged between the solar cells within the same solar cell module. A non-uniform photocurrent value may be avoided, and the installation orientation of the solar cell array itself may be selected. It is also possible to form an array structure in which solar cell modules having a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, an octagonal shape, a circular shape, or the like as a planar shape are combined into a single shape or an approximately spherical shape as appropriate.
It should be noted that, instead of the array structure having the characteristics as described above, a single flat plate array which is generally used at present is also applicable to the system of the present application.

Electricity generated by the solar cell array 50 is operated together with the solar cell array 50 so that the sensor 22 of the slave station 14 operates even in cloudy weather or at night.
The electricity is stored in the electricity storage device 42 forming 0. FIG. 6 shows a power storage unit 45 with a protection circuit, which is a part of the power storage device 42. The electric storage device 42 uses the electric double layer capacitor 43 in consideration of the magnitude of internal resistance, charging / discharging efficiency, wide operating temperature range, service life, environment (heavy metal is not included in electrode material) and the like. For example, the fifteen electric double layer capacitors 43 and the protection circuit 59 are connected in parallel to form the power storage unit 45 with the protection circuit. The protection circuit 59 includes, for example, one Zener diode 55 and two power transistors 58a and 58a.
b, three resistors 56a, 56b and 56c. Further, 18 power storage units 45 with protection circuits are connected in series to form a power storage device 42. In this case, each power storage unit 45
The storage capacities are set to be the same so that the voltages applied to the

One electric double layer capacitor 43 has a capacity of 150 F and a withstand voltage of 2.5 V, for example. 22 by connecting 15 electric double layer capacitors 43 in parallel
It has a capacity of 50F. Furthermore, by connecting 18 power storage units 45 with protection circuits in series, the power storage device 42
Capacity is 125F. The maximum voltage of the power storage device 42 is 4
It is 5V and the maximum accumulated energy is 126kJ (35W
h).

The protection circuit 59 includes the electric double layer capacitor 4
3 operates as a damage prevention circuit at the time of overcharge. The Zener diode 55 operates at 2.5V and 1A. That is, when the appropriate operating voltage is exceeded, the resistance of the protection circuit 59 decreases, and the current flows through the protection circuit 59 without passing through the capacitor 43.
As a result, no voltage above a certain level is applied to each electric double layer capacitor 43, and the electric double layer capacitors 43 are protected from being destroyed.

The power storage device 42 is arranged around the cylindrical body 52 of FIG. 3 in which the computer 18 is arranged, in consideration of the temperature rise due to heat generation. The power storage device 42 is protected by a cover 54 to prevent corrosion due to wind and rain.

The terminal voltage of the power storage device 42 is proportional to the amount of stored charge. Therefore, the terminal voltage greatly fluctuates, unlike a so-called secondary battery such as a lead storage battery in which the terminal voltage is almost constant. When the load requires a constant DC voltage, for example, a step-down converter may be connected between the power storage device 42 and the load. A step-down DC chopper circuit 44 as an example thereof is shown in FIG. This figure shows a main circuit section, in which a photocoupler-insulated control signal generation circuit (for insulation between the main circuit and the negative feedback control circuit) and a negative circuit are provided. A feedback type constant voltage circuit (FIG. 9) is connected. Further, the sawtooth wave from the sawtooth wave generation unit (FIG. 10) is input to the control signal generation circuit. Thus, the negative feedback control is performed, for example, to automatically keep the output voltage constant with respect to variations in the input voltage (power storage device 42 side) and the output current. In the above embodiment, DC5V is used as the power source of the computer 18, DC9V is used as the power source of the slave station communication means 16, DC12V is used as the power source of the sensor 22, and DC15V is used as the power source for charging the secondary battery. This secondary battery is used as a power source for the control circuit of the chopper circuit. In addition, D
C12V and DC15V are generated by using commercially available switching power supplies from DC5V and DC9V, respectively.

The fluctuation of the terminal voltage in the power storage device 42 is the same when the solar cell array 50 is charged.
In general, a solar cell can be regarded as a current source in a region where the terminal voltage is low, so even if it is directly connected to a power storage device via a backflow prevention diode, there will be no problem other than its efficiency being slightly low. . To avoid this loss of efficiency,
For example, a method of using a boost converter provided with a so-called maximum output voltage tracking device may be considered, but it is necessary to consider that loss occurs in the converter, the device becomes large, and the maximum rated voltage of the capacitor is not exceeded. There are problems such as that. On the other hand, in principle, the solar cell shifts from the current source operation to the voltage source operation as the terminal voltage increases, and no voltage higher than the open end voltage is generated, so a circuit for voltage protection of the power storage device is not required. Since it has an advantage, it is more appropriate to connect only the backflow prevention diode to the connection between the solar cell and the power storage device.

In the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitors 43 are used in 15 parallels, and 15 parallels are connected in 18 series. However, depending on the capacity of the electric double layer capacitors and the size of the required electric energy, etc. Needless to say, the number of parallels and the number of series can be changed appropriately. Furthermore, a single capacitor may be used as long as it is a capacitor dedicated to the system.

The sensor 22 of the slave station 14 measures environmental data. Environmental data includes air temperature, water temperature, NO _x concentration, SO
_x concentration, rainfall, water level, water depth, water quality (pollution degree, pH, etc.),
Includes data on water flow, velocity, wind direction, wind speed, land movement, slope, vibration and noise.

The configuration of communication between the base station 12 and the slave station 14 will be described. As described above, the base station 12 includes base station communication means, and the slave station 14 includes slave station communication means 16. The slave station 14 is provided with a GPS (Global Positioning System) device to detect the position of the slave station 14. The position information of the slave station 14 is stored in the information processing device of the base station 12. If the position where the slave station 14 is installed is known in advance, this GPS device can be omitted. Moreover, communication is performed by wireless communication. Further, the communication system is a relay system as shown in FIG. In other words, each slave station 14 is a node,
Each slave station 14 is linked by wireless communication.

The command data is transmitted from the base station 12 to each slave station 14. Command data is
The data is data requested to be measured by the sensor 22 of the slave station 14 and to transmit various measured data to the base station 14. The outline of the command data is shown in FIG.
The packet data 60 is as shown in FIG. 3, and the contents of the packet in FIG. Here, the preamble is the CPU 32 that is powered on by receiving the preamble.
Equivalent to the stand-by waiting time of.

[0038]

[Table 3]

FIG. 12 shows a processing procedure in the slave station 14. In this procedure, the packet specification of the data 62 in the checksum confirmation processing is shown in FIG.
Returns a response after confirming that is the data addressed to the station A
The specifications of the packet of the CK data 64 are shown in FIG. That is, this is a format in which a command (Command) and data (D1) are deleted from the normal communication state. When transmitting to the designated slave station, the base station 12 on the transmitting side or another slave station monitors the return of the ACK signal from the slave station on the receiving side within a specified time. If it does not return, the specified number of times of retransmission processing is performed, and if transmission confirmation cannot be obtained, error processing is performed. As a packet number specification, the transmitting side increments by "1" every time a packet is transmitted after the processing at its own station is completed. On the receiving side, the packet number is the same until ACK is sent. Before the instruction is executed, the received packet number is compared with the stored previous transmitted packet number. If they are the same, it is assumed that the packet has already been processed as its own station and no processing is performed. Not done. Whether or not each slave station 14 can communicate is confirmed by transmitting and receiving a broadcast packet and an ACK between the base station 12 and the slave station 14.

Various commands and measurement data at the time of transmission / reception are set in a portion indicated by Command (Cmd) in FIG. With regard to communication, the minimum necessary simple instruction configuration as described above enables transmission / reception in a short time, and eventually construction of a highly reliable system with low power consumption.

Weak radio waves are used in the radio communication between the base station 12 and the specific slave stations 14 and between the slave stations 14. By using weak radio waves, anyone can easily configure the system without the need for a wireless diploma or technical certification. In the present invention, since radio waves in the 1200 MHz (1.2 GHz) band are used, the electric field strength is 35 μV / m or less.
When the distance between the base station 12 and the slave station 14 that directly transmits and receives is large, it is possible to use other communication means such as a telephone line between them.

The information processing device of the base station 12 includes the slave stations 14
It calculates and processes the measurement data sent from. A means for displaying a map on a display device such as a CRT when outputting the measurement data on a display device, and displaying the measurement data at a position detected by GPS on the map or on a screen different from the map. (Program). In addition,
When installing the slave station 14 at a predefined measurement point,
This GPS function is unnecessary. For example, when the temperature, the water temperature, the water level, the water quality, the water flow, the flow velocity, the wind direction, the wind speed, etc. are displayed in combination, the water flow and the flow velocity at each measurement point are indicated by the direction and size of the arrow (vector). In addition, the water quality etc. will be displayed in stages by color.

When the number of the slave stations 14 is small and the distance between the slave stations 14 is large, the information processing apparatus appropriately divides the installation intervals and defines means (program) as virtual measurement points, and virtual measurement points. It is also possible to provide a means (program) for calculating and complementing data (virtual data) at points. That is, as an example, the components of the measured data represented by the vectors of the actual data around the virtual measurement point (particularly both sides and the upstream side) are decomposed, and the environmental data at the virtual measurement point is predicted from the values of each decomposed component. , Displayed as a vector. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the water quality data at the virtual measurement point 14c is based on the water quality data at the measurement point 14a where the first slave station is installed and the water quality data at the measurement point 14b where the second slave station is installed. Or proportionally with respect to the water temperature, the relationship with the water depth, the relationship with the wind direction, etc., if a constant is required, it is calculated. The calculated virtual data is displayed on the display device. Virtual measurement point 14
All measurement data including the virtual data of c are shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the vector display is performed on the map, or the contour line display of FIG.

In addition to the vector display, the information processing apparatus can also be provided with means (program) for identifying and displaying by color on the map. For example, it is possible to display the same value in different colors and display a reference value for a certain data, and change the color in an area exceeding the reference value to display a warning.

The information processing apparatus includes means (program) for displaying the measurement data of each position specified on the display device by the designation by the pointer on the map displayed on the display device or the input of the coordinate value from the keyboard. As the display format, a table display or a bar graph display as shown in FIG. 15 is used. As the data at the specific position, the measured data is displayed at the installation location of the slave station 14, and the virtual data obtained by the above procedure is displayed at other locations.

The information processing apparatus is provided with a storage means such as a hard disk for storing the measurement data, and includes means (program) for comparing the sent measurement data with the past measurement data. A means (program) for calculating a predicted value such as a diffusion state based on the data of the flow velocity, wind speed, flow direction, wind direction, etc. of the surrounding slave stations based on the comparison result.
including. When the measured value or the predicted value exceeds the specified value, or when the amount of change within a predetermined time is large, a unit (program) for displaying a warning as shown in FIG. 15 is included. The calculation of the predicted value and the warning display function are effective for preventing disasters such as floods and debris flows in rivers (FIG. 16).

A data collection method using the data collection system will be described (see FIG. 1). First, from the base station communication means of the base station 12, the slave station 14 within the radio wave reach
All command data is transmitted to the slave station communication means 16 of (slave station 3). That is, the transmission and reception of command data and measurement data are not performed directly between the slave station 14 (slave station 1), which is the final destination station, and the base station 12 outside the radio wave reachable range.
2 to the slave station 14 (slave station 1) are communicated in a relay format via the slave stations 3 and 2 as shown in FIG. If environmental data is to be measured at each of the slave stations 1, 2 and 3 shown in FIG. 1A, the command data Command contains data to that effect.

The slave station 14 that has received the command data starts measuring the data with the sensor 22 if the command data includes a command section addressed to itself. The data to be measured is also specified by the Command part of the command data. If the content is not addressed to its own station, it is further transmitted to another slave station 14 and the final destination slave station (in the case of FIG. 1A, slave station 1).
Reach up to.

When the measurement of the data is completed at each slave station, the slave station 1 sequentially transmits the measurement data. Since the relay system is used, the slave station 2 receives the measurement data from the slave station 1 and transmits the measurement data of the slave stations 1 and 2 to the slave station 3. Child station 3
Will send the measurement data of all slave stations to the base station. That is, a wireless command data and measurement data delivery route is defined in advance as a default route. Command data is sent from the base station to the slave station 1 and measurement data is sent from the slave station 1 to the base station along this default delivery route. Sent to station 12. This default delivery route is defined by inputting each slave station ID designated as a route into the packet data.

In the case where a particular slave station 14 has a trouble or measurement data at that point is unnecessary, a data delivery route is set so as to bypass the slave station 14 and pass through another specific slave station. It is also possible to change. Further, when there are many measurement points and it is desired to divide them into groups, it is possible to configure the command data so as to branch the data delivery route. In these cases, the return path of the measurement data follows the reverse of the delivery path of the command data. Instead of the above-mentioned return path of the measurement data, the measurement is performed at the same time as the delivery of the command data, and the data is returned together with the delivery of the command data or with a time lag, so that the final slave station 14 sends the data to the base station. The measurement data may be collected in the station 12. That is, the command data delivery path and the measurement data return path are in the same direction. This is effective when there is a place where attention should be paid to radio interference in the route in the data measurement area, or when the last slave station 14 is relatively close to the base station 12.

The measurement data received by the base station 12 is temporarily stored in the storage means of the information processing device. The display device also calculates and displays the virtual data at the virtual measurement point in some cases. As a display method, a map is displayed on a display device, and vector display or color-based step display is performed on the map according to the value of the measurement data.
In addition to the map display, the measurement data of each slave station 14 can be displayed in a table.

Since the information processing device has a function of displaying a warning on the measurement data displayed on the display device, if the warning is displayed, it is possible to inform the local residents of that fact, and disaster prevention is possible. Is effective for.

For example, when the system is used for the purpose of monitoring the situation of rapid water increase in a river or the like, it is impossible to predict the situation, and therefore the water level must be constantly monitored. Since the power consumption increases if the water level data detected at short intervals is transmitted and received each time, after receiving the first command data from the base station 12, it is normally checked whether or not the water level has changed in the slave station 14 and changes. Only when the amount exceeds the predetermined threshold value, the data before and after the change is transmitted to the base station 12
Send to. Alternatively, the degree of water increase may be calculated to predict the time when the dangerous water level will be reached. Such a configuration is effective when the system of the present invention is used for the purpose of monitoring sudden changes not only in rivers but also in the environment.

Furthermore, it is desirable that the system of the present invention is maintenance-free as much as possible so that it can be installed in any area such as a remote mountain area. Therefore, the slave station 14
It is desirable that when the inconvenience occurs in itself, the situation is transmitted to the base station 12 as a maintenance request signal. In this case, the self-diagnosis function includes monitoring of the output current and voltage from the solar cell array 50 and the electric double layer capacitor 43 according to the connection status, and the sensor 22.
In the case of the sensor 22
It may be possible to achieve this by monitoring the output status from each other.

Here, FIG. 17 shows an example in which the system of the present invention is used as a lake Biwa environment monitor. Further, FIG. 18 shows a display example of the measurement data displayed on the display device in the case of the embodiment of FIG. By selecting the measurement points in the figure, detailed display of the measurement data is possible. FIG. 19 shows an example in which the system of the present invention is installed in a road illumination lamp. Here monitors the burn out status of each lamp, monitoring the noise, NO X _· SO _X concentration, CO ₂ concentration and in each region. In the system for monitoring the environment as described above, each slave station 14 is set in the two-dimensional plane.
Is arranged to collect data. For example, the slave station 14 is arranged on the upper part of a building, the upper part of a tower, the upper part of a telephone pole, the top of a mountain, etc. to monitor the environment three-dimensionally in a three-dimensional space. It can also be deployed as a system. In this case, the above-mentioned two-dimensional vector is replaced with a three-dimensional vector, which is decomposed, calculated, and combined, and the three are displayed on the CRT screen.
It is displayed in D or decomposed into a two-dimensional plane and displayed.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The present invention can be carried out in a mode in which various improvements, modifications and variations are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0057]

According to the present invention, it is possible to measure environmental data even in an area where there is no commercial power supply. By using the so-called relay method as the data communication method, it is possible to directly collect the measurement data from the base station at a point in a range where the radio does not reach. Furthermore, in the solar cell and the power storage device that constitute the independent power supply device according to the present invention, it is possible to independently secure the required power even in an area where a general power supply system is not provided, and greatly contribute to the improvement of its maintenance-free property. To do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relay-type communication, (a) is a block diagram, and (b) is a diagram including a GPS.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a slave station.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a slave station.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a solar cell module.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a solar cell array in which a solar cell module is formed into a hemispherical body.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of a power storage device including an electric double layer capacitor and a protection circuit.

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a main circuit of a step-down DC chopper circuit.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a photocoupler insulation type control signal generation circuit.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a negative feedback type constant voltage circuit.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a sawtooth wave generation circuit.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a byte structure of a wireless packet.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a slave station.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for obtaining virtual data at a virtual measurement point.

FIG. 14 is a diagram of measurement data displayed on a map,
(A) is a figure which shows the display by a vector, (b) is a figure which shows a contour line display.

FIG. 15 is a diagram of a table displayed on a display device.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a slave station installed in a river.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a child station installed in a lake.

18 is an example of display of measurement data displayed on the display device in the case of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a slave station installed on a highway or the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Data collection system 12: Base station 14: Child station 16: Communication means for slave station 18: Computer 20: Independent power supply 22: Sensor (measurement device) 24: Transmitter 26: Receiver 28: Encoding section 30: Decoding section 32: CPU 34: Memory 36: Analog-to-digital converter 38: Preamplifier 40: Solar cell 42: power storage device 43: Electric double layer capacitor 44: Chopper circuit 45: Power storage unit with protection circuit 46: Solar cell module 48: Plate 50: Solar cell array 52: Columnar body 54: Cover 55: Zener diode 56a, 56b, 56c: resistors 58a, 58b: power transistors 59: Protection circuit 60, 62, 64: data

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 20, 2001 (2001.8.2)
0)

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Title of invention

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Patent application title: DATA COLLECTION METHOD, DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM USED FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD, SOLAR CELL ARRAY AND STORAGE
Electric device

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0001

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data collection method for collecting environment-related data from a plurality of or specific points, and a data collection system, a solar cell array, and a power storage device used directly for implementing the method.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0008]

The gist of the data collection method of the present invention is to exchange the measurement command data and the measurement data obtained by the execution of the measurement command data by wireless communication between a plurality of stations equipped with independent power supply devices. In the method of collecting, the destination of the measurement command data is confirmed at each station, and when it is addressed to its own station, the command is executed and measurement is performed, and the measurement data obtained by this measurement is transmitted. If the measurement command data is not addressed to the own station, it is sent without executing the command, and it is directly within the radio wave reach range between the specified stations and within the radio wave reach range when it is outside the radio wave reach range. via other stations, Ru near to data collection by performing the wireless communication.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0009

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The gist of the data collection system of the present invention is to provide a slave station provided at a single or a plurality of points, a base station for collecting measurement data measured by the slave station, and the base station and a predetermined slave. A data collection system that includes a communication device that makes a wireless communication connection with a station directly when it is within the radio range, and when it is outside the radio range, through a wireless communication connection with another slave station within the radio range. The communication device includes a slave station communication unit provided in the slave station, and a base station communication unit provided in the base station, the slave station is the slave station communication unit,
A measuring device; and an independent power supply device having the slave station communication means and a solar cell array and a power storage device for operating the measuring device, wherein the base station has the base station communication means and the measurement device. and an information processing apparatus for performing arithmetic operation and processing of the data, Ru Kotonia including.

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0026

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0026]

[Table 2]

[Procedure Amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0038

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0038]

[Table 3]

[Procedure Amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0039

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 12 shows a processing procedure in the slave station 14. In this procedure, the packet specification of the data 62 in the checksum confirmation processing is shown in FIG.
Returns a response after confirming that is the data addressed to the station A
The specifications of the packet of the CK data 64 are shown in FIG. That is, a format removes the instruction from the normal communication state (Command) and data (D I). When transmitting to the designated slave station, the base station 12 on the transmitting side or another slave station monitors the return of the ACK signal from the slave station on the receiving side within a specified time. If it does not return, the specified number of times of retransmission processing is performed, and if transmission confirmation cannot be obtained, error processing is performed. As a packet number specification, the transmitting side increments by "1" every time a packet is transmitted after the processing at its own station is completed. On the receiving side, the packet number is the same until ACK is sent. Before the instruction is executed, the received packet number is compared with the stored previous transmitted packet number. If they are the same, it is assumed that the packet has already been processed as its own station and no processing is performed. Not done. Whether or not each slave station 14 can communicate is confirmed by transmitting and receiving a broadcast packet and an ACK between the base station 12 and the slave station 14.

[Procedure Amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0045

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The information processing apparatus includes means (program) for displaying the measurement data of each position specified on the display device by the designation by the pointer on the map displayed on the display device or the input of the coordinate value from the keyboard. As the display format, a table display or a bar graph display as shown in FIG. 15 is used. The data at that particular position, the Te location smell of the slave station 14 the measurement data, the virtual data obtained by the above procedure are displayed in other locations.

[Procedure Amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0048

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The slave station 14 that has received the command data, starts measuring the data in the sensor 22 if the instruction unit content addressed to the own station in the command data. The data to be measured is also specified by the Command part of the command data. If the content is not addressed to your own station, you can use another slave station 14
To the final destination slave station (slave station 1 in the case of FIG. 1A).

[Procedure Amendment 12]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0057

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0057]

According to the present invention, it is possible to measure environmental data even in an area where there is no commercial power supply. By using the so-called relay method as the data communication method, it is possible to directly collect the measurement data from the base station at a point in a range where the radio does not reach. Furthermore, in the solar cell array and the power storage device that form the independent power supply device according to the present invention, the required power can be independently secured even in an area where a general power supply system is not provided, and the maintenance-free property is greatly improved. It contributes.

[Procedure Amendment 13]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 6

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

6 is a diagram showing a configuration of蓄<br/> conductive portion having an electric double layer capacitor and the protection circuit.

[Procedure Amendment 14]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Figure 9

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a negative feedback constant voltage circuit .

[Procedure Amendment 15]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 5

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 5]

[Procedure Amendment 16]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 8

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 8]

[Procedure Amendment 17]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 9

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 9]

[Procedure 18]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Fig. 11

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 11

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) H04Q 9/00 311 H01L 31/04 R 341 K (72) Inventor Yasuta Kawamura Kamitotoyama, Ritto-gun, Kurita-gun, Shiga Prefecture 232 Shiga Prefectural Industrial Technology Center (72) Inventor Hideyuki Takakura 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga Ritsumeikan Univ. 1-1-1 Ritsumeikan University, Learning & Learning, Kusatsu Campus Faculty of Science and Engineering (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Komatsu 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu City, Shiga Prefecture Ritsumeikan University, Learning & Learning, Kusatsu Campus (72) Invention Shigeru Takayama 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu City, Shiga Prefecture Ritsumeikan University Learning Wako / Kusatsu Campus Faculty of Science and Engineering (72) Inventor Cedar Shinichi 1736 Shimoda, Ritto-cho, Kurita-gun, Shiga Kitagawa Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor ▲ U ▼ Teruo Kaeru 1736 Shitama-Kurito-cho, Kurita-gun, Shiga Kita Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Hashimoto Kurita-gun, Shiga Prefecture 1736 Shimoda, Ritto-cho Kitagawa Electric Co., Ltd. In-company F-term (reference) 2F073 AA19 AB01 BB01 BC02 CC03 CC07 CC08 CC12 CD04 DD02 DD07 DE07 DE13 DE14 EE11 EF09 FF01 FG01 FG02 FG04 GG01 GG02 JA07 A04 AB04 5A05 A34 AB17 5 CA08 DA02 DB01 DC01 EA11 EB02 EB10 FC01 HA01 HA02 HA05 HA07 HA39 5K067 BB27 DD27 EE06 EE10 EE12 FF17 GG01 GG11 KK05 LL11

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for exchanging measurement command data and measurement data obtained by the execution thereof by wireless communication between a plurality of stations equipped with an independent power supply device, and collecting the data.
The destination of the measurement command data is confirmed at each station, and when it is addressed to its own station, the command is executed to perform measurement, and the measurement data obtained by this measurement is transmitted, and at the same time, the measurement command data is addressed to its own station. In other cases, the command is transmitted without executing the command, and when the predetermined stations are within the radio range, they are sent directly, and when they are outside the radio range, they are sent via other stations within the radio range. A data collection method for collecting data by performing the wireless communication. 2. A slave station provided at a single or a plurality of points, a base station for collecting measurement data measured by the slave station, and the base station and a predetermined slave station within a radio wave reachable range. A data collection system that includes a communication device that makes a wireless communication connection directly when there is a radio wave reachable range and when it is outside the radio wave reachable range via another slave station that is within the radio wave reachable range. A communication unit for a slave station provided in a station, and a communication unit for a base station provided in the base station, wherein the slave station is a communication unit for the slave station, a measuring device, and a communication unit for the slave station, An independent power supply device including a solar cell and a power storage device for operating the measurement device, the base station communication means for the base station, an information processing device for calculating and processing the measurement data, Data collection system including. 3. The data collection system according to claim 2, wherein the information processing device includes means for displaying a map and measurement data. 4. A solar cell array formed by combining a plurality of planar modules into a substantially spherical shape. 5. An electricity storage device in which an electric double layer capacitor and a protection circuit are connected in parallel, and the protection circuits are connected in series.