JP2003035251A - Wind power generator for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind power generator for a building capable of efficiently generating electric power by effectively using a characteristic of a horizontal shaft windmill. SOLUTION: This wind power generator 10 for the building is arranged in a corner part 6 formed of two wall surfaces 2 and 3 of the building 1. A generator body 13 for forming the horizontal shaft type wind power generator is rotatably installed with the yaw center line 10a extending in the vertical direction as the center by interposing a yaw bearing 12 on the tip 11a of a support part 11 projected in the corner part 6 of the building 1, and a mechanical stopper is arranged on the yaw bearing 12 for regulating a rotational range of the generator body 13 on the basis of a wind direction equipment utilization factor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly to a wind turbine generator for a building arranged at a corner portion formed by two wall surfaces of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, wind power generators have become popular as pollution-free power generators. For example, a horizontal axis wind turbine generator is generally constructed by attaching a nacelle for accommodating a generator or the like to the upper end of a tower, and rotatably supporting a rotor having a hub and blades on the nacelle.

[0003] Such a wind turbine generator is used in an area where the surroundings are open so that sufficient wind energy can be obtained,
In general, it is installed on the roof of a building to secure the installation space.

When such a horizontal axis type power generator is installed in an urban area or in the vicinity of an urban area, noise caused by the rotation of the rotor and the shadow of the blade flickering during sunshine, so-called shadow flicker, etc. There is a concern that it will affect the living environment, and installation will be restricted because it is difficult for the residents to obtain approval. Particularly, from the viewpoint of economies of scale, recent wind turbine generators are more difficult to install because the rotor diameter is large and the tower height is high. Further, in urban areas, the wind speed is low due to the influence of buildings, and the turbulence intensity is strong, so that it is often impossible to secure good wind energy suitable for the wind power generation device.

On the other hand, it is known that a strong wind locally generated around a high-rise building, especially a building wind generated at a corner portion of a face wall, is a large wind energy, and the wind energy generated at the corner portion of the building is used. A comparatively small wind power generator for a building that generates electricity by, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-30318
It is proposed by Japanese Patent No. This wind power generator for a building has a pair of plate-like supports projecting horizontally from the corners of the outer wall of the building so that they can swing horizontally, and two units that rotate around a vertical axis by the building wind between the ends of the supports. A rotating part having a semi-cylindrical wind receiver is provided, and the rotating force of the wind receiver rotating part drives the generator.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
According to Japanese Patent Publication No. 181, by disposing a relatively small wind power generator at a corner portion formed on a wall surface of a building, the wind power generator is arranged at a high position, so that good wind energy can be secured. Moreover, since it is arranged at a particularly high position, the influence on the living environment due to noise, shadow flicker, etc. can be suppressed.

However, the wind-receiver rotating part is a so-called Savonius wind turbine in which a pair of substantially semi-cylindrical wind receivers rotate around a vertical axis. This type of Savonius wind turbine has a peripheral speed of the rotating part. The peripheral speed ratio u / v, which is the ratio of u to the wind speed v, is small, and the output coefficient Cp, which is the ratio of the actual output obtained by the wind turbine and the energy of the wind, is also low. Not preferred. 11. FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the peripheral speed ratio and the output coefficient of various wind turbines.

On the other hand, as a result of earnest research, the inventor of the present invention has found that a lift type horizontal axis wind turbine is highly efficient in comparison with a drag type wind turbine such as a Savonius wind turbine, and is capable of handling a wind blow generated in a corner portion of the outer wall of a building. It was found that the utilization rate of wind can be effectively utilized to improve the facility utilization rate.

Therefore, an object of the present invention made in view of the above point is to provide a building wind turbine generator capable of effectively utilizing the characteristics of the horizontal axis wind turbine to obtain efficient power generation.

[0010]

The invention for a wind turbine generator for a building according to claim 1, which achieves the above object, is a wind turbine generator for a building arranged in a corner portion formed by two wall surfaces of a building. In the device, a support portion protruding from a corner portion of the building and a bearing interposed in the support portion are rotatably supported around a center line extending at an equal distance from the both wall surfaces in the vertical direction. A nacelle and a power generator main body provided with a rotor mounted on a shaft supported horizontally in the nacelle, and yaw control means for controlling the rotation of the power generator main body so that the rotor is on the upstream side of the air flow. And a rotation range regulating means for regulating the rotation range of the power generator body based on the wind direction facility utilization rate.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a highly efficient horizontal axis wind turbine generator centering on a yaw center line extending vertically through a yaw bearing on a supporting portion projecting from a corner of a building. The power generator body to be formed is rotatably arranged, and the power generator body is controlled by the yaw control means so that the rotor is on the upstream side of the air flow, and the rotation range of the power generator body is regulated based on the wind direction equipment utilization rate. Therefore, the characteristics of the horizontal axis wind turbine are efficiently utilized, and efficient power generation by the power generator body can be obtained. In addition, since it can be installed at a high position in a building, the influence of noise and shadow flicker can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the building wind turbine generator of the first aspect, the rotation range of the power generator body is formed by an imaginary plane that passes through the yaw center line and is parallel to the outer wall surfaces. It is characterized in that it is within the range of the substantially outer angle of the virtual corner portion.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the wind direction appears by setting the rotation range of the main body of the power generation device to the range of the substantially outer angle of the virtual corner portion formed by the virtual planes parallel to the wall surfaces passing through the yaw center line. Efficient use of building wind with excellent facility utilization ratio such as building wind with increased flow velocity in the corner portion formed by the outer wall and relatively high rate range can be obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the building wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, the rotation range of the power generator main body is centered on a virtual reference line connecting the corner portion of the building and the yaw center line. Is approximately 270 degrees in the horizontal direction.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the corner portion formed by the wall surface of the building is often formed at about 90 deg, the horizontal direction about the virtual reference line connecting the corner portion and the yaw centerline is the center. By setting it to about 270 deg., Efficient use of the building wind with an excellent utilization factor of wind direction can be obtained.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the building wind turbine generator according to any one of the first to third aspects, the rotation range restricting means is a mechanical stopper disposed in the bearing. To do.

According to the invention of claim 4, the rotation range regulating means can be formed by a mechanical stopper having a relatively simple structure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the building wind turbine generator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, there is provided a power transmission cable in which the power generator main body and the supporting portion are bent and installed. Is characterized by.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the rotation range of the power generator body is restricted by the rotation range restricting means, the power transmission cable is bent between the support portion and the power generator body to be installed. As a result, excessive tension acting on the power transmission cable is prevented, and a slip ring or the like for twisting the power transmission cable is not required, which simplifies the configuration and reduces costs.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a building wind turbine generator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
In addition, since the angle of the corner portion of many buildings is formed to be about 90 deg, a description will be given by taking a building in which the angle of the corner portion is 90 deg as an example.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a building 1 showing an outline of a mounting state of a wind turbine generator 10, and an arrow N indicates a north direction. The building 1 is, for example, a building having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view having wall surfaces 2, 3, 4, and 5 in the northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest, respectively. The formed corner portion 6 is formed at the north end. The wind turbine generator 10 is attached to the corner portion 6.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outline of the wind turbine generator 10, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a side view from the direction A in FIG.

The wind turbine generator 10 has, for example, a corner portion 6 formed by the northeast wall surface 2 and the northwest wall surface 3 of the building 1.
And a linear support portion 11 that is substantially horizontal from the wall surface 2 and the wall surface 3 and that is substantially horizontal and projects toward the north, and the support portion 11
Has a power generator body 13 supported by a yaw bearing 12 so as to be horizontally rotatable about a yaw center line 10a extending in the vertical direction.

The main body 13 of the generator is a yaw bearing 12.
A cylindrical nacelle 14 axially supported by the tip 11a of the support portion 11 to accommodate a generator and the like, and a blade 16 disposed on a shaft 15 horizontally extending from one end of the nacelle 14 and supported. The rotor 17 has a horizontal axis type wind turbine generator including a tail 18 extending from the other end of the nacelle 14 serving as a yaw control means.

When the wind is received, the wind pressure acting on the tail 18 causes the generator main body 13 rotatably supported via the yaw bearing 12 so that the rotor 17 side becomes the airflow upstream side. It is controlled to rotate around.

Further, between the nacelle 14 and the building 1, a power transmission cable (not shown) for supplying the electric power generated by the generator into the building 1 is bent between the nacelle 15 and the support portion 11. It is installed.

Here, FIG. 5 is an example in which the wind speeds for one day are averaged for each measurement point and shown by the relationship curve of altitude and wind speed. The higher the ground height, the higher the wind speed due to the surface boundary layer. High and high wind energy is obtained. It is known that this wind speed is generally proportional to the 1 / 7th to 1 / 5th power of the height.

On the other hand, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the wind direction appearance rate in the corner portion 6 of the building 1, which is the wall surface 2 and the wall surface 3 of the building 1.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the appearance frequency of the wind direction of the building wind which generate | occur | produces in the vicinity of the corner part 6 formed by. Wind power generator 1
With the yaw center line 10a, which is the rotation center of the power generator body 13 at 0, as the center o and the north direction as 0 deg, 90 deg in the clockwise direction is east direction, 180 deg in the south direction, 270 de
Virtual plane 2 in which g is in the west direction and is parallel to walls 2 and 3.
The extension direction of a and 3a is 135deg (southeast) and 135d
eg (southwest).

From the wind direction appearance rate explanatory view shown in FIG. 6, the yaw center line 10a, that is, the virtual corner portion 6a formed by the virtual surfaces 2a and 3a, is centered at 45 degrees to 90 degrees.
It can be seen that the wind direction appearance rate is relatively high in the range of (northeast to east) and 315 deg to 270 deg (northwest to west). On the other hand, the wind from the direction of 270 deg (west) in FIG. 7, that is, the wind from the direction of 45 deg with respect to the wall surface 2 is in the building 1
As shown in the wind velocity distribution around the corner 6 of
The flow path of the airflow is locally narrowed in the vicinity of the corner portion 6, and the flow velocity of the corner portion 6 increases with respect to the general flow. This increase is about 30%, and this increase in flow velocity corresponds to 2.2 times in terms of wind energy. Therefore, it can be seen that if the wind power generator 10 is installed in the appropriate corner section 6 according to the wind conditions, the acquired energy is significantly increased as compared with the case where the wind power generator 10 is installed on the tower as usual.

On the other hand, the wind turbine generator 1 is installed at the corner 6 on the north side.
According to the simulation performed by the present inventor when 0 is installed, the facility utilization rate (actual performance / capacity of the wind turbine generator) for each wind direction of the wind turbine generator 10 as shown in FIG. 8 was obtained. That is, the wind direction appearance frequency is high from 45deg to 90deg
A high capacity factor was obtained not only when the wind direction appearance frequency was high (from northeast to east) and from 270 deg to 315 deg (west to northwest) but also at relatively low wind direction appearance frequencies of 135 deg and 225 deg (southeast and southwest). This is because the flow path of the airflow flowing along the wall surface 2 or the wall surface 3 of the building 1 is locally narrowed by the corner portion 6 and the flow velocity increases.

Therefore, the wind direction appearance rate is high from 45 deg to 9
In addition to the range of 0deg (northeast to east) and 270deg to 315deg (west to northwest), the range including 135deg (southeast) and 225deg (southwest) where relatively high capacity factor can be secured, that is, about 270deg of 135deg to 225deg. Extremely wind power generator 10 by effective use of building wind in the range
Is highly efficient. An efficient wind power generator can be obtained by setting the rotation range around the yaw center line 10a of the wind turbine body 13 so that the wind power generator 10 operates in the wind direction range of about 270 deg.

Therefore, the rotation range of the power generator body 13 is 1
Range excluding 35deg to 225ddeg (southeast to southwest),
That is, the virtual corner portion 6 formed by the virtual surfaces 2a and 3a
The rotation range restricting means is provided so as to be in the range of about 270 deg which is the range of the substantially outside angle of a. In other words, the allowable rotation range of the power generator main body 13 is set to about 270 deg which is 135 deg in the horizontal direction with the virtual reference line L connecting the corner portion 6 of the building 1 and the yaw center line 10a as the center.

The rotation range restricting means for restricting the rotation range of the power generator main body 13 restricts the rotation by, for example, abutting each other between the members of the yaw bearing 12 relatively rotating by the rotation of the power generator 13. It can be easily formed by a simple mechanical stopper including a pair of engaging portions.

The power generator main body 1 is controlled by the rotation range regulating means.
The rotation range of 3 is from the position shown by the solid line in FIG.
Since it is regulated within a range of about 270 deg up to a, the power transmission cable arranged between the nacelle 14 and the building 1 is in a state in which there is some bending between the nacelle 14 and the support portion 11. By installing the power transmission cable, it is possible to effectively avoid excessive tension in the power transmission cable, and it is possible to eliminate a slip ring for twisting the power transmission cable and to simplify the configuration. When installing a plurality of wind power generators 10, a plurality of wind power generators 10 can be installed side by side in the vertical direction of the corner section 6.

Further, in this wind power generator 10, the diameter of the rotor 17 is D so that the dimensions of each part are as follows so as not to interfere with the power generator main body 13, the support portion 11 and the wall surfaces 2 and 3 of the building 1. Is set. Further, according to a simulation comparing the respective power generation devices of the wind power generation device, the medium-sized wind power generation device, and the micro wind power generation device according to the present embodiment by the present inventor, the comparison result as shown in FIG. 9 was obtained.

According to this comparison result, the building wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment is constituted by the horizontal axis wind turbine generator capable of obtaining high efficiency, and the installation height and the building height at which an effective building wind can be obtained. Since the wind speed is increased by the corner section 6, the facility utilization rate is extremely higher than that of a medium-sized wind power generation device or a micro wind power generation device installed on the ground, and noise is reduced because it is installed at a very high position. It was confirmed that the effect of shadow flicker was overwhelmingly small, and that the effect on the environment was extremely small even when installed in urban areas.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the wind power generator is installed in the corner 6 on the north side of the building 1. However, the wind power generator is not limited to the corner 6 on the north side, and the wind power generator may be installed in an appropriate corner for the prevailing wind direction. . Further, in the above-described embodiment, the tail 18 is provided in the nacelle 14 to control the direction of the power generator main body 13, but a wind direction device is separately provided, and the direction of the power generator main body 13 can be controlled by the wind direction detection signal from the wind direction device. Is. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the corner portion of many buildings is formed at about 90 deg.
Although the description has been given by taking the case of the corner portion as an example, depending on the shape of the building, the rotation range of the power generator body 10 may be appropriately changed according to the angle of the corner portion formed by the two wall surfaces in accordance with the wind direction facility utilization rate or the like. You can also

Further, in the above embodiment, the generator main body 13 is supported above the supporting portion via the yaw bearing 12, but as shown in FIG. 10, the yaw bearing 12 is interposed below the supporting portion 11. It is also possible to support the power generator body 13. In this case, the tail 18 is arranged so as to project downward in order to avoid interference with the support 11.

[0039]

According to the building wind turbine generator of the present invention described above, it is possible to achieve a high efficiency centering on the yaw center line extending vertically through the bearing on the supporting portion projecting from the corner of the building. A power generator body forming a horizontal axis wind power generator is rotatably arranged, and the power generator body is controlled by a yaw control means so that the rotor is located on the upstream side of the air flow, and the power generator body is based on the wind direction facility utilization rate. By controlling the rotation range of, the characteristics of the horizontal axis type wind turbine can be efficiently utilized and efficient power generation can be obtained. In addition, since it can be installed at a high position in a building, the effects of noise and shadow flicker can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a building wind turbine generator according to the present invention, and is a plan view of the building showing an outline of an installed state of the wind turbine generator.

FIG. 2 is likewise a plan view showing an outline of a wind turbine generator.

FIG. 3 is likewise a plan view.

FIG. 4 is likewise a side view from the direction A in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between altitude above the ground and wind speed.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wind direction appearance rate at a corner portion of a building.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a wind speed distribution in a corner portion of a building.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a facility utilization rate for each wind direction of the wind turbine generator.

FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of the wind turbine generator, the medium wind turbine generator, and the micro wind turbine generator according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the building power generation device.

FIG. 11 is a characteristic explanatory view of various wind turbines.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 building 2, 3, 4, 5 wall 2a, 3a Virtual plane 6 corners 6a Virtual corner section 10 Wind power generator 10a Yaw centerline 11 Support 11a tip 12 Yaw bearing (bearing) 13 Power generator body 14 Nasser 15 shaft 16 blades 17 rotor 18 Tail (Yaw control means) L virtual reference line

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A building wind power generator installed in a corner portion formed by two wall surfaces of a building, wherein a support portion protruding from the corner portion of the building and a bearing interposed in the support portion. And a nacelle rotatably supported about a center line extending equidistantly and vertically from the both wall surfaces, and a rotor arranged on a shaft supported horizontally in the nacelle. A main body, a yaw control means for controlling the rotation of the power generator body so that the rotor is on the upstream side of the air flow, and a rotation range regulation means for regulating the rotation range of the power generator body based on the wind direction equipment utilization rate, A wind power generator for a building, comprising: 2. The rotation range of the power generator body is a range of a substantially outer angle of a virtual corner portion formed by a virtual plane which passes the rotation and passes through the yaw center line and is parallel to the respective wall surfaces. The building wind turbine generator according to claim 1. 3. The rotation range of the power generator body is about 270 deg in the horizontal direction centered on a virtual reference line connecting the corner of the building and the yaw centerline. Wind power generators for buildings. 4. The building wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotation range restricting means is a mechanical stopper arranged in the bearing. 5. The building wind power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a power transmission cable that is installed by bending between the power generator main body and the support portion.