JP2003020522A - Moisture conditioning conjugated fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moisture conditioning conjugated fiber capable of imparting a sufficient strength as an indoor article such as a curtain, a carpet or a wall cloth material, having moisture conditioning functions suitable for preventing indoor dew condensation and excellent yarn manufacturing properties and even post-processing properties such as weaving or knitting properties. SOLUTION: This moisture conditioning conjugated fiber is a core-sheath type moisture conditioning conjugated fiber and is characterized as follows. Both a core part and a sheath part are mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin and the ratio of the sheath part is 30-80 wt.%. The conjugated fiber contains 20-70 wt.% of diatomaceous earth having 0.1-4.0 μm average particle diameter in the core or the sheath part and the breaking strength of the conjugated fiber is >=2.1 cN/dtex.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a humidity-controlling conjugate fiber. More specifically, it has sufficient strength as an indoor article such as curtains, carpets and wall cloth materials, and has a humidity control function suitable for preventing dew condensation in the room. The present invention relates to a humidity-controlling conjugate fiber that is also excellent in post-processability such as knitting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the building styles of houses have tended to be highly heat-insulated and airtight. However, the synthetic fiber materials that are commonly used for interior decoration do not have a humidity control function, and can prevent condensation and mold and mites. The occurrence is a serious problem that causes deterioration of the living environment,
A material with a humidity control function has been long-awaited.

Conventionally, wood, zeolite, ceramics and the like have been known as materials having a humidity control function. However, these materials have the following problems.

Since wood has a small capacity, it is necessary to use a large amount thereof, which is inferior in economic efficiency, and it is difficult to secure long-term and stable forest resources.

Zeolite has a very excellent moisture absorption function due to its pore structure, but a moisture release function cannot be expected so much.
It cannot be said that the humidity control function is sufficient.

In the ceramic material, in order to exhibit the humidity control function, it is necessary to include a large amount of open pores and pores of a specific size in the material, which makes the material design very difficult.
It is difficult to produce stably and economically.

[0007]

In view of such background of the prior art, the present invention can provide sufficient strength as an indoor article such as curtain, carpet, wall cloth material, etc., and prevent dew condensation in the room. The present invention provides a humidity-controlling conjugate fiber having a humidity-controlling function suitable for, and excellent in post-processability such as yarn-forming property, weaving and knitting.

[0008]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, the humidity-controlling composite fiber of the present invention is a core-sheath type humidity-controlling composite fiber in which both the core portion and the sheath portion are mainly made of a thermoplastic resin, and the ratio of the sheath portion is 30 to 80.
% By weight, and the core or the sheath has an average particle size of 0.1 to
20-70% by weight of diatomaceous earth of 4.0 μm is contained, and
The breaking strength of the composite fiber is 2.1 cN / dtex or more.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention provides a humidity control suitable for the above-mentioned problems, that is, capable of imparting sufficient strength as an indoor article such as curtains, carpets, wall cloth materials, and the like, and preventing dew condensation in the room. A moisture-controlling composite fiber having a function and excellent in post-processability such as yarn-forming property, weaving property, and knitting property, has been earnestly studied, and either the core part or the sheath part of the core-sheath type composite fiber,
By including diatomaceous earth with a specific particle size, it was clarified that these problems can be solved all at once.

As the thermoplastic resin used in the humidity-controlling composite fiber of the present invention, for example, polyamide, polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene, polypropylene and the like can be used. From the viewpoint of spinnability, mechanical properties and economy, polyamide is used. , And polyester is preferably used.

As such a polyamide, polycapramide, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polytetramethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polydecamide and the like are used, and polycapramide is preferably used because it is easy to process.

As the polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene 2,6 naphthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polycaprolactone, polycyclohexane dimethylene terephthalate, etc. are used, and polyethylene terephthalate is preferred from the viewpoint of easy processing. used.

The humidity-controlling composite fiber of the present invention is characterized in that diatomaceous earth is contained in either the core or the sheath. The purpose of the core-sheath structure is that the addition of diatomaceous earth reduces the strength of the raw yarn. Because you can keep it.

In order to develop a sufficient moisture absorbing / releasing performance of this diatomaceous earth, the ratio of the sheath portion is controlled within the range of 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight, more preferably 50 to 60% by weight. It is necessary to. By setting it in such a range, it is possible to obtain a fiber which is excellent in mechanical characteristics and spinnability while maintaining moisture absorption and desorption. Further, if the ratio of the sheath portion is too low, the sheath cracks and the core-sheath shape cannot be maintained. Therefore, the ratio of the sheath portion needs to be more than 30% by weight.

The diatomaceous earth used in the present invention has an average particle size of 0.1 to 4.0 μm, preferably 0.3 to 3.0 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5 μm.
It is important that it be in the range of m. That is, when the average particle size exceeds 4.0 μm, the spinnability is deteriorated and stable production becomes difficult. As particles, it is easy to increase the particle size and stable production is difficult. By controlling to such a range, the processability into a thermoplastic resin is good, the variation in the fiber diameter of the obtained composite fiber is small, the moisture absorption and desorption performance is excellent, and the quality is good. The property is also good.

If the content of the diatomaceous earth is too small, the moisture absorbing / releasing performance will be insufficient, and if it is too large, it will be difficult to form fibers, so that it is necessary to be 20 to 70% by weight. From the viewpoint of the balance between moisture absorption / desorption performance and spinning stability, the content is more preferably 30 to 60% by weight,
It is more preferably 30 to 50% by weight.

The type of diatomaceous earth is not particularly limited, but for example, Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth, Akita diatomaceous earth and Ishikawa diatomaceous earth are preferably used. Among these, it is preferable to use Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth, which is excellent in moisture absorption and desorption performance, and its use amount is preferably 80% with respect to the total amount of diatomaceous earth.
It is preferable to use more than 90% by weight, more preferably more than 90% by weight. The Wakkanai diatomaceous earth is a crystalline silicate mineral page-shaped rock formed by sedimentation diatomaceous mudstone undergoing geological pressure and thermal geological changes. Most of it is composed of submicron particles of 1 μm or less and is extremely fine. It is a fine powder and has innumerable fine pores of a few microns in size compared to general diatomaceous earth. These pores occupy a large volume of 24-62Å, which is an important pore radius for expressing the humidity control function.

When such a specific diatomaceous earth is used in the composite fiber of the present invention, it exhibits a superior humidity control function which is more than 5 times that of general diatomaceous earth and is suitable as an autonomous natural respiratory humidity control function material. When the humidity rises above 60% RH, it absorbs moisture rapidly, and when the humidity falls, it releases the retained moisture and changes the relative humidity in the room to 60% RH.
Since it expresses the function of adjusting back and forth, it can be used very preferably.

Further, the thermoplastic resin for the core or the sheath contains a matting agent typified by titanium oxide, calcium carbide and the like, an additive such as a dispersant, a plasticizer, an anti-degradation agent and a coloring pigment. It may be contained in a range not impairing the object of the invention, but it is preferably contained in a range of 5% by weight or less.

The single fiber fineness of the humidity-controlling conjugate fiber of the present invention is
It can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose, but when using a thin fabric such as curtain fabric for lace,
It can be set as thin as 0.5 to 5 dtex, and as thick as a drape curtain, it can be set as thick as 5 to 20 dtex. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn is not particularly limited as long as it is a core-sheath structure, and is round, Y-shaped, T-shaped.
Various shapes such as a mold, a flat shape, and a cross shape may be used.

The humidity-controlling composite fiber of the present invention is 2.1 cN /
It is necessary to have a breaking strength of dtex or more. That is, when the breaking strength is less than 2.1 cN / dtex, yarn breakage frequently occurs during fiber processing such as yarn making, weaving, and knitting, and production becomes substantially difficult. Therefore, the breaking strength of the fiber of the present invention is more preferably 2.6 cN / dtex or more, and further preferably 3.3 cN / dtex or more. In order to increase the strength of the humidity-controlling composite fiber while maintaining the spinnability and moisture absorption / release performance, for example, it is effective to set the molecular weight of the polymer of each of the core portion and the sheath portion within a specific range. As the polyester, one having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) corresponding to the molecular weight of 0.60 or more is used, and as the polyamide, one having a sulfuric acid relative viscosity (ηr) corresponding to the molecular weight of 2.0 or more is used. It is preferably adopted.

In any case, the higher the viscosity of the thermoplastic resin used, the higher the breaking strength of the humidity-controlling composite fiber obtained, but for polyester, IV is 1.50 and polyamide is For ηr
When it exceeds 4.5, the pressure at the time of melting the polymer becomes extremely high, and the production becomes difficult. That is, the IV of the polyester is preferably 0.60 to 1.50, more preferably 0.70 to 1.40,
Particularly preferably, it is 0.80 to 1.20. Similarly, ηr of polyamide is preferably 2.0 to 4.5, more preferably 2.5 to 4.0, and 2.8.
It is particularly preferable that it is ˜3.8.

When the same polymer is used for the core component and the sheath component, the peeling phenomenon between the core and the sheath polymers is reduced, which is preferable from the viewpoint of spinnability, and polyamide having a high official moisture regain is used as the core. It is preferable to use it for the sheath component polymer because the moisture absorbing / releasing performance can be effectively maintained.

The humidity-controlling composite fiber of the present invention may be used after being processed into any form such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a flocked hair. Preferably used.

[0025]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

The physical properties in the examples were measured by the following methods. [Sulfuric acid relative viscosity (ηr)]
Dissolve in 5 cc and measure at 25 ° C. using an Ostwald viscometer. [Intrinsic viscosity (IV)] 8 g of the sample was dissolved in 100 ml of orthochlorophenol, the solution viscosity (ηrp) was measured at 25 ° C using an Ostwald viscometer, and the intrinsic viscosity (IV) was calculated by the following approximate expression.

IV = 0.0242 ηrp + 0.2634 where ηrp = (t × d) / (t0 × d0) where: t: drop time of solution (sec) t0: drop time of orthochlorophenol (sec) d: Density of solution (g / cc) d0: Density of orthochlorophenol (g / cc) [breaking strength (cN / dtex), breaking elongation (%)] Using "Tensilon" tensile tester type manufactured by Orientec,
The measurement was performed under the conditions of a sample length of 25 cm and a pulling speed of 30 cm / min. [Humidity control performance] A plain woven fabric is woven using the obtained yarn, and a basis weight 1
A woven fabric of 000 g / m 2 was used as a square woven fabric having a side width of 2 m. Humidity is 5 with the room temperature kept at 25 ℃.
0%, the fabric weight W0 after 24 hours is measured, then the humidity is changed to 90% and the fabric weight W1 after 24 hours is measured, and the humidity is changed to 50% and the fabric weight W2 after 24 hours is measured. The measurement was performed, and the moisture absorption amount and the moisture release amount of the woven fabric were determined by the following formulas.

Moisture absorption amount = (W1-W0) × 100 Moisture release amount = (W1-W2) × 100 Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 40% by weight of Wakkanai diatomaceous earth having an average particle size of 0.5 μm is contained. Was added to N6 polycapramide of ηr3.4, melt-kneaded, discharged from a die of 3.0 mmφ, and cut by cooling to prepare a sheath component chip.

As a core component, IV1.25 polyethylene terephthalate was prepared.

After drying each polymer, the sheath component was 2
80 ℃, the core component is melted in an extruder at 295 ℃,
The mixture was introduced into a composite spinning pack at 295 ° C., and spun as a core-sheath type two-component composite fiber with a core / sheath composite ratio of 50/50 by weight from the core-sheath composite spinneret. The spinneret is equipped with 90 discharge holes with a diameter of 0.6 mm, a 300 mm long unheated heat insulating cylinder is installed directly below the spinneret, and a 100 cm long uniflow chimney is attached below it. , 25 ° C. was blown at right angles to the yarn at a speed of 30 m / min to cool. After the oil agent was subsequently applied, the yarn speed was controlled by a take-up roller rotating at a speed of 700 m / min, and then continuously stretched to 4.0 times.

The stretching was carried out in two stages by 5 pairs of Nelson type rolls (a take-up roll, a supply roll, a first stretching roll, a second stretching roll and a relaxing roll), and after being relaxed by 5%, Example 1 was used. The composite yarn was wound up.

At this time, the temperature of each roll is room temperature, 60
℃, 80 ℃, 180 ℃, and room temperature. Air entanglement was performed using compressed air of 0.5 MPa between the relax roll and the winder. The polymer discharge amount was adjusted so that the filament fineness of the obtained drawn yarn was 1100 dtex.

A plain fabric is woven using the obtained composite yarn,
A woven fabric having a basis weight of 1000 g / m 2 was obtained.

Next, as Examples 2 and 3, composite yarns were obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that only the core / sheath composite ratio was changed to 60/40 and 30/70.

As Comparative Examples 1 and 2, composite yarns were obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that only the core / sheath composite ratio was changed to 20/80 and 90/10.

As can be seen from Table 1, the core-sheath composite ratio changing ranges of Examples 1 to 3 are excellent in strength, yarn-forming property and weaving property, and are also excellent in moisture absorption / release moisture control properties. It was a thing. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the humidity control function was sufficient,
The result was low strength. In Comparative Example 2, the strength was sufficient, but the humidity control performance was low.

Examples 4, 5 and Comparative Examples 3, 4 As Examples 4 and 5, except that the content of Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth in the sheath polymer was changed to 30% by weight and 60% by weight, respectively.
A composite yarn was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1.

As Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the content of Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth in the sheath polymer was 10% by weight and 80% by weight.
A composite yarn was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that

As can be seen from Table 1, the diatomaceous earth content ranges of Wakkanai layers of Examples 4 and 5 are excellent in strength, yarn-forming property and weaving property, and also excellent in moisture absorption / release humidity control properties. there were. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 3, the strength was sufficient, but the humidity control function was low. Further, in Comparative Example 4, yarn breakage occurred frequently, and the quality was poor, and it could not be processed into a woven fabric.

Examples 6 and 7, Comparative Example 5 As Example 6 and Comparative Example 5, the same as Example 1 except that the average particle diameter of the Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth to be added was changed to 2.2 μm and 5.5 μm. A composite yarn was obtained by the method.

Further, as Example 7, a composite yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth was changed to Akita diatomaceous earth having an average particle size of 0.5 μm.

As can be seen from Table 1, Example 6 in which the average particle size of the Wakkanai diatomaceous earth is changed to 2.2 μm is excellent in strength, yarn-forming property and weaving property, and is also excellent in moisture absorption / release humidity control property. It was a thing. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5, the yarn breakage during yarn production was remarkable, and the breaking strength was low, and it was not possible to process it into a woven fabric. Further, Example 7 using Akita diatomaceous earth had good strength, yarn-forming property and weaving property, and although it had lower humidity control performance than Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth, it had humidity control properties.

Examples 8 and 9 As Example 8, composite yarns were obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the core polymer was changed from polyethylene terephthalate to N6 polycapramide of ηr3.4.

In Example 9, the core polymer and the sheath polymer of Example 8 were replaced with each other so that the core portion contained 40 wt% of Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth, and the sheath portion was the same as that of Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth except A composite yarn was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, Example 8 in which the sheath portion was changed to polycapramide and Example 9 in which the Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth was used in the core portion were both excellent in strength, and had good spinnability and weavability. The moisture-controlling property of absorbing and releasing moisture was also excellent.

[0046]

[Table 1]

[0047]

According to the present invention, by using a fiber containing diatomaceous earth, it is possible to quickly absorb moisture when the indoor humidity is high, and to quickly release the absorbed moisture at low humidity. It is possible to provide a humidity-controlling composite fiber having an autonomous natural respiratory humidity-controlling function.

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4L041 AA07 AA18 AA20 AA22 AA25                       BA02 BA05 BA21 BC01 BD09                       BD14 BD20 CA06 CA21 CB07                       CB25 CB28 DD11 DD21

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A core-sheath type humidity-controlling composite fiber, wherein both the core portion and the sheath portion are mainly made of a thermoplastic resin, and
The ratio of the sheath is 30 to 80% by weight, and the core or the sheath has 20 to 20 diatomaceous earth with an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 4.0 μm.
70% by weight, and the composite fiber has a breaking strength of 2.
Humidity-controlling composite fiber characterized by being 1 cN / dtex or more. 2. The humidity-controllable conjugate fiber according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin forming the core portion is polyester or polyamide, and the thermoplastic resin forming the sheath portion is polyamide. . 3. The intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the polyester is 0.60 to 1.50, and the relative viscosity of sulfuric acid (ηr) of the polyamide is 2.0 to 4.5. 2. The humidity-controlling composite fiber according to 2. 4. The moisture-controlling composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein 80% by weight or more of the diatomaceous earth is Wakkanai layer diatomaceous earth.